Professional Documents
Culture Documents
including:
commercial farming, e.g. dairy farming in Worcestershire, cereal
crops in France (EU) and plantation agriculture, e.g. west coast of
Malaysia for oil palm and tea
subsistence farming, e.g. shifting cultivation in the Amazon
Basin of Brazil and Sabah and Sarawak in Malaysia
intensive farming, e.g. market gardening in the Vale of
Evesham, flowers and bulb cultivation in the Netherlands and wet
rice cultivation on the Ganges Plain of India
extensive cultivation, e.g. cereal growing in Norfolk, sheep
farming in Australia.
KEY POINT: Subsistence farmers grow crops and rear
animals mainly for their own use.
Types of Agriculture
Imagine a family farm on a small plot of land and a huge
commercial farm that spans acres and acres of land. What do
you think makes these two types of farms different? Although
both of these farms are designed to produce food, they vary
in the methods of production, the amount of food they
produce and who consumes the food produced.
Although for most of human history our species has survived
by hunting and gathering food, around 10,000 years ago our
ancestors starting producing their own food. Agriculture is the
term used to describe the act of growing crops and raising
livestock for human consumption and use.
Since the development of agriculture, many different types of
production have been implemented. Currently, agriculture is
divided into two different types, including industrialized
agriculture and subsistence agriculture. Let's explore and
learn more about these two types of agriculture.
Industrialized Agriculture
Industrialized agriculture is the type of agriculture where
large quantities of crops and livestock are produced through
Subsistence Agriculture
Although industrialized agriculture is necessary to feed the
growing human population, there is another type of
agriculture that is regularly practiced today. Subsistence
agriculture is when a farmer lives on a small amount of land
and produces enough food to feed his or her household and
have a small cash crop. The goal of subsistence agriculture is
to produce enough food to ensure the survival of the
1. Rice-Jute-Tea Region:
This vast region includes lowlands, valleys and river deltas in the
states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura, Meghalaya, West
Bengal, Orissa, northern and eastern Bihar parts of Jharkhand
and Chhattisgarh and Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh.
The rainfall vanes from 180 to 250 cm. Rice are the predominant
crop due to fertile alluvial soils, abundant rainfall and high
summer temperatures. Jute is mainly grown in the Hugli basin of
West Bengal but some areas have been brought under jute
cultivation in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Orissa and Tarai region
of U.P. Tea is mainly grown in Assam, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri
areas of West Bengal and Tripura. Sugarcane and tobacco are
grown in Bihar. Coconut is grown in coastal areas. Mango,
pineapple, betal leaves, bananas, jack fruits, and oranges are the
main fruit crops.
3. Cotton Region:
It spreads on the regur or black cotton soil area of the Deccan
plateau, where the rainfall varies from 75 to 100 cm. Obviously,
cotton is the main crop but jowar, bajra, gram, sugarcane, wheat,
etc. are also grown.
http://cdn.yourarticlelibrary.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/12/clip_image00253.jpg
There are many different types of agricultural activity
including:
commercial farming, e.g. dairy farming in Worcestershire, cereal
crops in France (EU) and plantation agriculture, e.g. west coast of
Malaysia for oil palm and tea
subsistence farming, e.g. shifting cultivation in the Amazon
Basin of Brazil and Sabah and Sarawak in Malaysia
intensive farming, e.g. market gardening in the Vale of
Evesham, flowers and bulb cultivation in the Netherlands and wet
rice cultivation on the Ganges Plain of India
extensive cultivation, e.g. cereal growing in Norfolk, sheep
farming in Australia.
KEY POINT: Subsistence farmers grow crops and rear
animals mainly for their own use.
Case Study I: Shifting cultivation in an LEDC