Kertas 3 Bahagian B

Kertas 2 Bahagian C

SELANGOR
PAHANG
(a) A fuse is a very thin wire, which either melts or vaporizes when
too much current flows through it
(b) - A parallel circuit can run several devices using the full
voltage of the supply.
- If one device fails, the others will continue running normally
- If the device shorts, the other devices will receive no voltage,
preventing overload damage.
- A failure of one component does not lead to the failure of the
other components.
- More components may be added in parallel without the need
for more voltage.
- Each electrical appliance in the circuit has it own switch.
(c) (i) The electrical appliance use 240 V of voltage to generates
500 W of power.
(ii) Current = Power/Voltage
Current = 500/240 = 2.08 A
(iii) Efficiency = Output Power x 100 %
Input Power
Output Power = 85 x 500
100
Output power = 425 W
(d)
Characteristics
Explanation
Thin fuse wire
Less space needed/ to carry a limited
electrical current/ less mass hence low
heat capacity/ shorter time to heat up to
melting point and blow.
Ceramic cartridge

Fuse rating is 13 A
Low melting point

R is chosen because

(a)

High melting point

Can withstand high temperature / heat // does not melt easily
Not easily oxidized
Can last longer
(b) (i) Maximum current flowing through the fuse is 0.5 A
(ii) 1
Low melting point
2
Can melt easily
3
Low specific heat capacity
4
Can heat up easily
5
Small
6
High resistance // more heat released // easy to break
7
High
8
High resistance // more heat released
9
Z
10 Low melting point, low specific heat capacity, small
diameter and high resistivity

(ii)
(iii)

The length of wire affects the resistance/current

The shorter the wire, the higher the current/the resistance is
decrease
(i) To investigate the relationship between the length of wire
and current/resistance
(ii) Manipulated variable : length
Responding variable : Current/Resistance
Constant variable
: Potential
difference/Temperature/Diameter
(iii) Ammeter, voltmeter, dry cells, constantan wires, ruler

(c)

(v)

500
240
= 2.08 A
Not suitable
500 x (10x60)
300 000 J

The length of wire is measured at 10 cm.

The current is observed and recorded using the ammeter/
The resistance is calculated.
Repeat with different lengths of 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm
and 50 cm.

(vi) Tabulate the data

Can withstand higher temperature

because sparks created by high voltage,
240V can be huge/
Maximum rating must be higher than
normal current.
For fast blow/ Melting faster when
excessive current flow/ Easy to cut the
current flow.
Because it has thin fuse wire, ceramic
cartridge, fuse rating is 13 A and low
melting point.

KEDAH

(c) (i)

(a)
(b)

(vii)

(iv)

KELANTAN

(a)
(b)
(c)

(a)

(b)
(c)

State one suitable inference,

State one hypothesis that could investigated.
With the use of apparatus such as a dry cells, constantan
wire and other apparatus, describe one experiment to
investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b).
Resistance// brightness of bulb depends on the
diameter/thickness of the conductor wire
When the diameter/thickness increase , the resistance decrease
(i) To investigate the relationship between the diameter
/thickness of the conductor wire and resistance
(ii) Manipulated : diameter / thickness
Responding : resistance / voltage
Constant
: length of conductor
(iii) Dry cells, insulated constantan wire, connector wire,
ammeter, voltmeter, rheostat , switch, meter rule

(iv)

(vi) Tabulate the data

(v)

A 20 cm length of constantan wire of diameter of 0.1

mm is connected to a circuit as shown in diagram above.
Adjust the rheostat and until the ammeter reading is I =
(0.2A). Measure the corresponding reading on the
voltmeter, V
Calculate the resistance of conductor using equation;
R = V/I
Repeat the experiment with the diameter of constantan
wire , 0.2 mm , 0.3 mm, 0.4mm and 0.5mm.

(vii) Plot the graph R against l

PERLIS
(a)

MRSM
(b)

(a)
(b)
(c)

The brightness // dimness of bulb is affected by the length of

wire
The longer the wire , the higher the resistance // the smaller the
current
(i) To investigate the relationship between the length of wire
and the resistance // the current flow
(ii) MV : length of wire,l
RV : resistance ,R // Current ,I
CV : diameter of wire // thickness of wire // cross
sectional area of wire // temperature of wire
(iii) Ammeter , voltmeter , rheostat , constantan wire , dry
cells , meter ruler , connecting wire
(iv)

(c)

The heating effect of a conductor is affected by magnitude of

the current.
The larger the current, the higher the temperature of the water
which is being heated
(i) To investigate the effect of current on heating
(ii) MV : current ,I
RV : temperature ,
CV : volume of water
(iii) Beaker, ammeter, immersion heater, thermometer,
connecting wire, rheostat and stop watch
(iv) Draws a labeled and functional diagram of the set up of
the apparatus.
(v) Pour 200cm3 of water into the beaker and measure its
temperature.
Switch on the circuit and adjust the rheostat until the
reading of ammeter is 1.0 A.
The stop watch is started.
The final temperature is recorded after 2 minutes.
Step repeated by adjusting the rheostat so that the
ammeter readings are 2.0 A, 3.0 A, 4.0 A and 5.0 A.
(vi) Tabulate the data

(v) Measure the length of a constantan wire with a ruler , l =

10 cm
The switch is on and adjust rheostat until ammeter
reading shows current , I = 0.5 A
Record the potential difference from voltmeter , V
Calculate the resistance , R = V / I
Repeat the experiment by using constantan wire of l =
15.0 cm, 20 cm , 25 cm , 30 cm and 35.0 cm.

(vii) The graph of increased in temperature against current is

drawn