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Home> IndianDynasties>Kakatiyadynaty

History
KakatiyaDynastyisthesouthIndianDynastywhichruledinAndhraPradeshinIndiafrom1083CEto1323CE.The12thand
13th centuries saw the emergence of the Kakatiyas and they were the first feudatories of the Western Chalukyas of Kalyana,
rulingoverasmallterritorynearWarangal.TheruleofKakatiyaDynastyisconsideredasthemostpromisingperiodofHistory
ofTelugu&AndhraPradesh.
ThenextrulerProlaIIruledfromAD1110TO1158asheexpandedthedynastytosouthanddeclaredhisindependence.
HisnextsuccessorwasRudrawhoruledduringAD1158to1195.RudrawasaverymuchrenownedrulerinKakatiyaDynasty.
AshestretchedhisempiretillthenorthasfarastilltheGodavariDelta.Toserveasasecondcapital,heconstructedthefort
atWarangal.HealsofacedtheinvasionsofYadavasofDevagiri.
ThenextkingwhoascendedthethronewasMahadevawhoextendedthethronetillCoastalAreas.
GanapatiwasanotherkingwhocameafterMahadevawhohasmadeextensiontoCoastalregions.Ganapatiwasthesupreme
kingamongalltherulersofKakatiyadynasty.AsheplayedapioneeringroleinconsolidationofTeluguregionunderonerule.It
wasduetoGanapatiscapabilityandcouragethattherewastheestablishmentofahugekingdom.Healsopromotedthetrade
practicesinthekingdom.
AfterGanapatisomethingunusualhappenedintheKakatiyadynastyasGanapatididnothaveanysontotakeuptherulingof
theempireafterhim.HisdaughterRudrambaascendedthethroneandtookupthechargeoftheempire.SheruledinAD1262,
someofthegeneralswhodidnotwanttobedominatedbyRudrambaformedadifferentrebellion.Laterduetosomeoftheregal
subordinates of Rudramba, she suppressed all kind of criticisms bought due to domestic & foreign insurrections. She moved
everymovewithgreatcourageeventotheextentofblowingtheCholasandYadavastremendously.
Then the grand successor of Rudramba was Prataparuda. He came to power in AD 1295 TILL AD 1323. During this time the
dynasty saw the extension of border till Raichur. With his initiatives some administrative reforms were introduced. He divided
hisarmyintoseventyfiveNayakships.LatertheRayasofVijayanagaratookovertheNayakshipsandmadegrowthingreat
extent.DuringthisperiodonlytheMuslimsinvadedtheempireofKakatiyaDynastyinAndhraPradeshforthefirsttime.
The king of Delhi Sultanate Alauddin Khilji the famous ruler send his army for defeating the empire in AD 1303. Upparhalli
whichthePrataparudaDistrictoverpoweredthem.AgaininAD1310MalikKafursenthisarmytocaptureWarangalandinvade
it.AnothermajorinvasionofMuslimsinKakatiyaDynastytookplaceinordertocaptureTilling,GhiazuddinTughlaqtheruler
ofTughlaqDynastysenthishugearmyundertheleadershipofUlguhKhanduringAD1321.Howeverduetosomeblockades
faced by him due to some internal rebellions withdrew the army and left to Delhi. He only went back to return in a very short
whileandcamebackwithhugearmyagainstPrataparudawherehewasdefeatedandforcedtosurrenderandthenPrataparuda
wastakenasaprisoner.ThismarkedanendtotheKakatiyaDynasty.
ArtandliteratureofKakatiyadynasty
The Rulers of Kakatiya Dynasty had great patronage for art and literature. They took initiative to promote Sanskrit and during
this period there was revival of Sanskrit literature. Among the rulers, Prataparuda had good writing flair which is interesting to
note. He even promoted literature. The rulers had a treasure for the religious art. They also built temples of Lord Shiva which
wereperfectexamplesofblendingbetweenthestyleformsofnorthernandsouthernIndia.

During AD 1162, the ThousandPillared Temple at Hanamkonda was built by the Kakatiya
Dynasty.KingRudrambabuiltthisinissimilarstyle and workmanship to the Ramappa temple.

This temple is dedicated to Siva, Vishnu and Surya, and is starshaped. The Nandi pavilion is
also famous in which a huge granite bull still stands, which has the beautiful entrances to the
shrinewithpiercedslabsusedforscreensandwindowsandanelegantopenworkbywhichthe
bracketshaftsareattachedtothepillarsaretheothermostinterestingfeaturesofthistemple.

Warangal fort temple had been built by Kakatiya Ganapati, which was constructed making use of
large slabs. Floor of the temple shrine is beautifully polished and twinkles like a mirror. An
interesting feature of Warangal fort temple is there are four gateways called 'Kirti Stambhas' which
facethefourcardinalpointsofthecompass.

ThedesignofthegatewaysisredolentlikethetoranasoftheGreatStupaatSanchi.The
architecture and sculpture of these temples are magnificent as no one can fail to see the
rich imagination, patient industry and skilful workmanship of the builders of the temples of
theKakatiyaperiod.

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Place

AndhraPradesh

Period

11001474AD

Language

Telugu

Religion

Hindu

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