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68802 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No.

228 / Tuesday, November 28, 2006 / Notices

schedule with estimates of time and cost Public Comments Solicited Hatcher, National Marine Fisheries
to recovery. The threats assessment NMFS solicits written comments on Service, 304 South Water Street,
finds four levels of threats: (1) Crucial the draft Revised Recovery Plan. All Ellensburg, WA 98926. Comments may
(ongoing and apparent threat at most substantive comments received by the also be submitted by e-mail to:
sites in the NWHI), (2) Significant date specified above will be considered UpperColumbiaPlan.nwr@noaa.gov.
(ongoing impacts representing the prior to final approval of the Plan. Include in the subject line of the e-mail
potential for range-wide threats), (3) NMFS is especially interested in comment the following identifier:
Serious (potential cause of localized comments on the following areas: (1) the ‘‘Comments on Upper Columbia Salmon
threats), and (4) Moderate (localized threats assessment; (2) the biological Plan’’. Comments may be submitted via
impacts possible but not considered a and threats criteria for removing facsimile (fax) to 503–872–2737.
serious or immediate threat). The Hawaiian monk seals from the Federal Persons wishing to review the Plan
Crucial threats to Hawaiian monk seals list of Endangered and Threatened can obtain an electronic copy (i.e., CD-
are: food limitation, entanglement, and Wildlife and Plants; (3) the recovery ROM) from Carol Joyce by calling 503–
shark predation. The Significant threats strategy and measures; and (4) the 230–5408 or by e-mailing a request to
to Hawaiian monk seals are: infectious estimates of time and cost to implement carol.joyce@noaa.gov, with the subject
disease and habitat loss. The Serious recovery actions. line ‘‘CD-ROM Request for Upper
threats are: fishery interaction, male Columbia Salmon Plan’’. Electronic
aggression, human interaction, and Authority copies of the Plan are also available on-
biotoxin. Finally, the Moderate threats The authority for this action is section line on the NMFS Web site
to Hawaiian monk seals are: vessel 4(f) of the Endangered Species Act (16 www.nwr.noaa.gov/Salmon-Recovery-
groundings and contaminants. U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). Planning/ESA-Recovery-Plans/Draft-
Criteria for the reclassification of the Plans.cfm or the Upper Columbia
Dated: November 21, 2006.
Hawaiian monk seal are included in the Salmon Recovery Board Web site:
Angela Somma, okanogancounty.org/planning/
Plan. In summary, Hawaiian monk seals
may be reclassified from endangered to Chief, Endangered Species Division, Office salmonlrecovery.htm.
of Protected Resources, National Marine
threatened when all of the following Fisheries Service. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
have been met: (1) aggregate numbers Lynn Hatcher, NMFS Interior Columbia
[FR Doc. E6–20164 Filed 11–27–06; 8:45 am]
exceed 2,900 total individuals in the Salmon Recovery Coordinator (509–
BILLING CODE 3510–22–S
NWHI; (2) at least 5 of the 6 main sub- 962–8911 x223), or Elizabeth Gaar,
population in the NWHI are above 100 NMFS Salmon Recovery Division (503–
individuals, and the MHI population is DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 230–5434).
above 500; (3) the survivorship of SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
females in each subpopulation in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
NWHI and in the MHI is high enough Administration Background
that, in conjunction with the birth rates Recovery plans describe actions
in each subpopulation, the calculated [I.D. 082806C]
beneficial to the conservation and
population growth rate for each recovery of species listed under the
Endangered and Threatened Species;
subpopulation is not negative. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA),
Recovery Plans
population will be considered for a as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The
delisting if it continues to qualify for AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries ESA requires that recovery plans
‘‘threatened’’ classification for 20 Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and incorporate (1) objective, measurable
consecutive years without new serious Atmospheric Administration, criteria which, when met, would result
risk factors being identified. Commerce. in a determination that the species is no
Time and cost for recovery actions are ACTION: Extension of public comment longer threatened or endangered; (2) site
contained in the Plan. The recovery period. specific management actions necessary
program will cost $52,656,000 for the to achieve the plan’s goals; and (3)
first 5 fiscal years and $436,816,000 to SUMMARY: On September 29, 2006, the estimates of the time required and costs
full recovery assuming the best case National Marine Fisheries Service to implement recovery actions. The ESA
scenario that the population could grow (NMFS) announced the availability of requires the development of recovery
to the stipulated total population size in the Proposed Upper Columbia Spring plans for listed species unless such a
the NWHI within 12 years, and that the Chinook Salmon, Steelhead, and Bull plan would not promote the recovery of
stipulated numbers in the MHI could be Trout Recovery Plan (Plan) for public a particular species.
reached within 34 years. review and comment. In this notice, NMFS’ goal is to restore endangered
In accordance with the 2003 Peer NMFS is extending the public comment and threatened Pacific salmon
Review Policy as stated in Appendix R period for this proposal to January 29, Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs)
of the Interim Endangered and 2007. NMFS is soliciting review and and steelhead Distinct Population
Threatened Species Recovery Planning comments from the public and all Segments (DPSs) to the point that they
Guidance, NMFS solicited peer review interested parties on the spring Chinook are again self sustaining members of
on the draft Plan concurrent with this salmon and steelhead portions of the their ecosystems and no longer need the
public comment period. Reviews were Proposed Plan. If comments are received protections of the ESA. NMFS believes
requested from three scientists and on the bull trout portion of the Plan, it is critically important to base its
managers with expertise in recovery NMFS will pass them on to the USFWS. recovery plans on the many state,
planning, statistical analyses, fisheries, DATES: NMFS will consider and address regional, tribal, local, and private
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and marine mammals. NMFS all substantive comments received conservation efforts already underway
anticipates that many of the during the comment period. Comments throughout the region. Therefore, the
recommendations that will be made by must be received by January 29, 2007. agency supports and participates in
the reviewers will be addressed and ADDRESSES: Please send written locally led collaborative efforts to
provided in detail in the final Plan. comments and materials to Lynn develop recovery plans, involving local

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Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 228 / Tuesday, November 28, 2006 / Notices 68803

communities, state, tribal, and Federal The Plan the foundation for biological status
entities, and other stakeholders. As the The Plan is one of many ongoing assessments and recovery goals.
lead ESA agency for listed salmon, The Plan’s recovery (delisting)
salmon recovery planning efforts funded
NMFS is responsible for reviewing these objectives include increasing the
under the Washington State Strategy for
locally produced recovery plans and abundance of naturally produced spring
Salmon Recovery. The State of
deciding whether they meet ESA Chinook and steelhead spawners within
Washington designated the UCSRB as
statutory requirements and merit each population in the Upper Columbia
the Lead Entity for salmon recovery
adoption as proposed ESA recovery ESU/DPS to levels considered viable;
planning for the Upper Columbia. The increasing the productivity
plans. Plan incorporates many aspects of the (spawner:spawner ratios and smolts/
On December 30, 2005, the Upper work of the Interior Columbia Technical redds) of naturally produced spring
Columbia Salmon Recovery Board Recovery Team (ICTRT) appointed by Chinook salmon and steelhead within
(UCSRB) presented its locally developed NMFS. The ICTRT reviewed early drafts each population to levels that result in
draft recovery plan to NMFS. The of the Plan and will be providing an low risk of extinction; restoring the
UCSRB comprises representatives from independent scientific peer review of distribution of naturally produced
Chelan County, Douglas County, the Proposed Recovery Plan. The spring Chinook salmon and steelhead to
Okanogan County, Yakama Nation, and UCSRB has included public previously occupied areas where
the Confederated Colville Tribes. A involvement in its recovery planning practical; and conserving their genetic
variety of additional partners, process, having received extensive and phenotypic diversity.
representing Federal agencies, comments in January, April, and June of Because spring Chinook are currently
Washington State agencies, regional 2005. listed as endangered under the ESA, the
organizations, special purpose districts, ESU and DPS Addressed and Planning Plan identifies two levels of objectives
and members of the public, also Area for them. The first level relates to
participated in the planning process. reclassifying the species as threatened
The Plan is intended for and the second relates to recovery
After NMFS reviewed the draft plan, implementation within the range of the
NMFS and the UCSRB made revisions (delisting). The reclassification
Upper Columbia River Spring Chinook objectives include increasing the
to it, clarifying how it satisfies ESA Salmon (O. tshawytscha) ESU, listed as
recovery plan requirements and abundance, productivity, and
endangered on March 24, 1999 (64 FR distribution of naturally produced
addressing additional elements needed 14307), and the Upper Columbia River
to comply with those requirements. The spring Chinook salmon sufficient to lead
Steelhead (O. mykiss) DPS, listed as to reclassification as threatened, and
jointly revised Plan is now available as endangered on August 18, 1997 (62 FR
a Proposed Recovery Plan for public conserving their genetic and phenotypic
43937), and reclassified as threatened diversity.
review and comment. on January 5, 2006 (71 FR 834). The The Plan sets forth specific criteria to
Upon approval of a final Plan, NMFS spring Chinook salmon ESU contains meet the recovery objectives, based on
will make a commitment to implement three independent populations: the the ICTRT’s recommended criteria,
the actions in the Plan for which it has Wenatchee, Entiat, and Methow. The which, if met, would indicate a high
authority, to work cooperatively on steelhead DPS contains five probability of persistence into the future
implementation of other actions, and to independent populations: Wenatchee, for Upper Columbia River spring
encourage other Federal agencies to Entiat, Methow, Okanogan, and Crab Chinook salmon and steelhead. The
implement Plan actions for which they Creek. These independent populations Plan establishes criteria for 95–percent
have responsibility and authority. were identified based on the genetic, probability of persistence (5 percent
NMFS will also encourage the State of geographic, and habitat characteristics extinction risk) for all Upper Columbia
Washington to seek similar they share within the ESU or the DPS. spring Chinook salmon and all but one
implementation commitments from The Plan states that the current status population of the steelhead DPS. The
state agencies and local governments. of Upper Columbia Chinook and Plan concludes that the Upper Columbia
NMFS expects the Plan to help NMFS steelhead populations was assessed by steelhead DPS may be recovered
and other Federal agencies take a more local planners in consultation with the without attaining the 95–percent
consistent approach to future ESA ICTRT and state and tribal co-managers. probability of persistence for the Crab
section 7 consultations and other ESA In general, abundance of all spring Creek population, based on the
decisions. For example, the Plan will Chinook salmon and steelhead possibility that this population was not
provide greater biological context for the populations has declined substantially viable historically because of
effects that a proposed action may have from historical levels, and many environmental conditions (e.g.,
on the listed ESU and DPS. This context populations are small enough that intermittent stream flows and high
will be enhanced by adding recovery genetic and demographic risks are water temperatures) and the assumption
plan science to the ‘‘best available relatively high. that the resident component of the Crab
information’’ for section 7 consultations Creek population was historically the
as well as for section 10 habitat The Plan’s Recovery Goals, Objectives
primary driver of the population’s
conservation plans, and other ESA and Criteria
viability.
decisions. Such information includes The Plan’s goal is ‘‘to ensure long- The ICTRT recently recommended a
viability criteria for the ESU, DPS, and term persistence of viable populations higher criterion for an ESU/DPS
their independent populations; better of naturally produced spring Chinook containing only one major population
understanding of and information on and steelhead distributed across their group (MPG), which is the case for both
limiting factors and threats facing the native range.’’ The Plan incorporates the Upper Columbia spring Chinook salmon
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ESU and DPS; better information on four parameters of abundance, and Upper Columbia steelhead. The
priority areas for addressing specific productivity, spatial structure, and ICTRT recommended, in that case, that
limiting factors; and better geographic diversity, which are the basis of NMFS’ at least two populations should meet
context for where the ESU and DPS can viable salmonid population (VSP) abundance/productivity criteria
tolerate varying levels of risk. framework (McElhany et al., 2000), as representing a 1–percent extinction risk

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68804 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 228 / Tuesday, November 28, 2006 / Notices

(99 percent probability of persistence) Causes for Decline and Current Threats managed. The Plan describes the risks to
over a 100–year period (ICTRT 2005b, p. The Plan identifies the following listed fish from these hatcheries,
46). The ICTRT considers the 5–percent causes for decline and threats to the including genetic effects that reduce
risk level ‘‘viable’’ and the 1 percent risk ESU/DPS: fitness and survival, ecological effects
level ‘‘highly viable.’’ The Plan does not Habitat: Human activities have such as competition and predation,
adopt this more recent recommendation; altered and/or curtailed habitat-forming facility effects on passage and water
instead, as stated above, the Plan adopts processes and limited the habitat quality, mixed stock fishery effects, and
the 5–percent extinction risk for suitable for spring Chinook salmon and masking the true status of wild
abundance/productivity for all steelhead in the Upper Columbia River populations.
populations in the Chinook salmon ESU tributaries. Although recent land and Additional Factors: The Plan
and all but one in the steelhead DPS. water management practices have considers that there could be additional
NMFS accepts the UCSRB’s improved, some storage dams, factors that affect Upper Columbia River
recommended recovery (delisting) diversions, roads and railways, spring Chinook salmon and steelhead,
criteria, since it calls for all known agriculture, residential development, including changes in estuarine habitat,
and forest management continue to global climate change, inadequacy of
extant populations within the Chinook
threaten spring Chinook salmon and existing regulatory mechanisms,
ESU and steelhead DPS to be viable.
steelhead and their habitat. The result fluctuating ocean cycles, and predation.
Furthermore, NMFS believes that it is
not possible at this time to distinguish has been deleterious changes in water Recovery Strategies and Actions
between the levels of effort needed to flow, water temperature, sedimentation,
floodplain dynamics, riparian function, The Plan’s initial approach is to target
attain 95 vs. 99 percent probability of
and other aspects of the ecosystem. reductions in all manageable threats and
persistence; therefore, the Plan’s actions
Hydroelectric operations: Conditions to improve the status of all extant Upper
would not change at this time in
for Upper Columbia spring Chinook Columbia spring Chinook and steelhead
response to the ICTRT’s more recently populations. As monitoring and
recommended criterion. Finally, NMFS salmon and steelhead have been
fundamentally altered throughout the evaluation programs improve
will re-evaluate ESU and DPS status and understanding of the effectiveness of
the appropriateness of the recovery Columbia River basin by the
construction and operation of mainstem various actions and their benefits
criteria in 5 years or less based on throughout the life cycle of salmon and
additional data from monitoring and dams and reservoirs for power
generation, navigation, and flood steelhead, adjustments may be made
research on critical uncertainties and through the adaptive management
could modify the recovery plan control. Upper Columbia salmon and
steelhead are adversely affected by framework described in the Plan.
accordingly. The Plan describes objectives and
hydrosystem-related flow and water
In accordance with its responsibilities quality effects, obstructed and/or strategies and recommends specific
under ESA section 4(c)(2), NMFS will delayed passage, and ecological changes actions for Upper Columbia spring
conduct status reviews of the listed in impoundments. Chinook salmon and steelhead recovery.
Upper Columbia spring Chinook salmon Harvest: Harvest of Upper Columbia Among the most significant
ESU and Upper Columbia steelhead Chinook salmon and steelhead occurs in recommendations are the following:
DPS at least once every 5 years to commercial, recreational, and tribal Habitat: The Plan includes habitat
evaluate their status and determine fisheries in the mainstem Columbia, and restoration actions in all streams that
whether the ESU or DPS should be in some tributaries. Upper Columbia currently support or may support (in a
removed from the list or changed in spring Chinook salmon and steelhead restored condition) listed spring
status. Such evaluations will take into are rarely taken in ocean fisheries; most Chinook salmon and steelhead in the
account the following: harvest of these listed species occurs in Upper Columbia Basin. The objectives
• The biological recovery criteria the Columbia mainstem and some and recommended actions are derived
(ICTRT 2005b) and listing factor tributaries. Aggregate harvest rates (from from subbasin plans, watershed plans,
(threats) criteria described in the Plan. fishing in all areas) have generally been the Upper Columbia Biological Strategy,
reduced from their peak periods as a the Douglas County public utility
• The management programs in place district (PUD) and Chelan County PUD
result of international treaties, fisheries
to address the threats. Anadromous Fish Agreement and
conservation acts, the advent of weak
• Principles presented in the Viable stock management in the 1970s and Habitat Conservation Plans (AFAHCPs),
Salmonid Populations paper (McElhany 1980s, regional conservation goals, and and relicensing agreements. The Plan
et al. 2000). the listing of many salmon ESUs and emphasizes actions that: protect existing
• Best available information on steelhead DPSs under the ESA. While areas where high ecological integrity
population and ESU status and new fisheries do not target weak stocks of and natural ecosystem processes persist;
advances in risk evaluation listed salmon or steelhead, listed fish restore connectivity (access) throughout
methodologies. are incidentally caught in fisheries the historical range, where feasible and
directed at hatchery and healthy, practical; protect and restore riparian
• Other considerations, including: the unlisted wild stocks. habitat along spawning and rearing
number and status of extant spawning Hatcheries: In the Upper Columbia streams and identify long term
groups; the status of the major spawning Region, the twelve hatcheries currently opportunities for riparian habitat
groups; linkages and connectivity producing spring Chinook and steelhead enhancement; protect and restore
among groups; the diversity of life are operated to mitigate for loss of floodplain function and reconnection,
history and phenotypes expressed; and habitat and for passage mortalities off channel habitat, and channel
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considerations regarding catastrophic resulting from the Columbia River migration processes where appropriate;
risk. hydrosystem. These hatcheries provide and increase habitat diversity by
• Principles laid out in NMFS’ valuable mitigation and/or conservation rebuilding, maintaining, and adding
Hatchery Listing Policy (70 FR 37204, benefits but can cause substantial instream structures (e.g., large woody
June 28, 2005). adverse impacts if not properly debris, rocks, etc.) where long term

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Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 228 / Tuesday, November 28, 2006 / Notices 68805

channel form and function efforts are to minimize adverse impacts of hatchery specific actions and costs will be
not feasible. fish on naturally produced fish. estimated for the subsequent years to
Hydroelectric operations: Upper Integration: The Plan states that achieve long-term goals and to proceed
Columbia spring Chinook and steelhead recovery will depend on integrating until a determination is made that
migrate through four federally owned actions that address habitat, harvest, listing is no longer necessary. NMFS
projects and three to five projects owned and hydroelectric operations; moreover, agrees that a 10- to 30–year range is a
by PUDs. These projects are licensed by it emphasizes that recovery actions must reasonable period of time during which
the Federal Energy Regulatory be implemented at both the ESU/DPS to implement and evaluate the actions
Commission. The Plan acknowledges and the population scales. identified in the Plan.
that hydropower strategies and actions
Time and Cost Estimates Conclusion
are being implemented, reviewed, and
considered in several ongoing processes, The ESA section 4(f)(1) requires that NMFS concludes that the Plan meets
including Federal Columbia River the recovery plan include ‘‘estimates of the requirements of ESA section 4(f) and
Power System (FCRPS) EA section 7 the time required and the cost to carry thus is proposing it as an ESA recovery
consultations (for the lower four federal out those measures needed to achieve plan.
dams on the Columbia River), the the Plan’s goal and to achieve Copies of the Federal Register notices
AFAHCPs and relicensing agreements. intermediate steps toward that goal’’ (16 and related materials cited in this
The Plan’s recommended actions are U.S.C. 1533[f][1]). Currently, the plan document are available on the internet
intended to be consistent with these provides an overall cost estimate of at www.nwr.noaa.gov/Salmon-Recovery-
processes. The Plan emphasizes $138 million, which represents the Planning/ESA-Recovery-Plans/Draft-
continued implementation of the estimated cost of implementing the Plans.cfm.
actions identified in the AFAHCPs, tributary actions for habitat, hatcheries, NMFS solicits written comments on
which adopted a standard of no net and research, monitoring, and the proposed Plan. All comments
impact (NNI) on the Upper Columbia evaluation, over 10 years. received by the date specified above
Spring Chinook Salmon ESU and Cost estimates for Columbia mainstem will be considered prior to NMFS’
steelhead DPS. hydropower and estuary actions are decision whether to adopt the Plan.
Harvest: Harvest objectives for treaty included in two modules that NMFS Additionally, NMFS will work with the
and non-treaty salmon and steelhead developed because of the regional scope UCSRB to provide a summary of the
fisheries in the Columbia River Basin and applicability of the actions. These comments and responses through its
are set by the applicable state, tribal, modules are incorporated into the regional Web site and provide a news
and Federal agencies. Fishery objectives Upper Columbia Plan by reference and release for the public announcing the
from McNary Dam to the mouth of the are available on the NMFS Web site,
availability of the response to
Columbia River (fishing zones 1–6) are www.nwr.noaa.gov/Salmon-Recovery-
comments. NMFS seeks comments
established by state, tribal, and Federal Planning/ESA-Recovery-Plans/Other-
particularly in the following areas: (1)
parties in U.S. v. Oregon. While Documents.cfm. The hydropower cost
The analysis of limiting factors and
recognizing the role of the treaty and estimates will be updated over time, as
threats; (2) the recovery objectives,
non-treaty co-managers, the Plan the section 7 consultation on the
strategies, and actions; (3) the criteria
proposes that the U.S. v. Oregon parties remanded 2004 FCRPS BiOp is
for removing the ESU and DPS from the
incorporate Upper Columbia recovery completed. The estuary recovery costs
Federal list of endangered and
goals when formulating fishery plans could be further refined following
threatened wildlife and plants; and (4)
affecting Upper Columbia spring public comment on the ESA recovery
plan for the three listed lower Columbia estimates of time and cost to implement
Chinook salmon and steelhead. The recovery actions, including the intent to
appropriate co-managers and fishery ESUs and one listed Lower Columbia
steelhead DPS in 2007. There are be even more specific by soliciting
management agencies are also asked to implementation schedules.
work together with local stakeholders to virtually no estimated costs for recovery
develop tributary fisheries management actions associated with harvest to report Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.
goals and plans. at this time. This is because no actions Dated: November 20, 2006.
Hatcheries: The hatchery strategies are currently proposed that go beyond Jim Lecky,
and actions in the Plan are being those already being implemented Director, Office of Protected Resources,
reviewed and considered in several through U.S. v. Oregon and other National Marine Fisheries Service.
ongoing processes, including in the harvest management forums. In the [FR Doc. E6–20180 Filed 11–27–06; 8:45 am]
Chelan County and Douglas County event that additional harvest actions are
BILLING CODE 3510–22–S
Public Utility District AFAHCPs, the implemented through these forums,
Grant County biological opinion, and those costs will be added during the
U.S. v Oregon. NMFS hopes the Plan’s implementation phase of this recovery DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
recommended goals and actions will be plan. All cost estimates will be refined
implemented through these ongoing and updated over time. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
processes. The Plan emphasizes that The Plan states that if its Administration
hatchery programs play an essential role recommended actions are implemented,
in spring Chinook salmon and steelhead recovery of the spring Chinook salmon [I.D. 111606A]
recovery. Among other measures, the ESU and the steelhead DPS is likely to General Advisory Committee to the
Plan proposes that hatchery programs occur within 10 to 30 years. The cost U.S. Section to the Inter-American
employ mechanisms to manage hatchery estimates cover capital projects and Tropical Tuna Commission; Meeting
returns on spawning grounds in balance non-capital work projected to occur
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Announcement
with naturally produced fish, while within the first 10–year period. NMFS
maintaining production levels identified supports the policy determination to AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries
in various agreements. It also proposes include 30 years of implementation, Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
that, as the populations recover, with the proviso that before the end of Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
hatchery programs should be modified the first 10–year implementation period, Commerce.

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