ABSTRAK

Nodul tiroid merupakan pembengkakan yang dapat teraba pada kelenjar

tiroid. Insidensi nodul tiroid di Amerika Serikat sekitar 1-10%. WHO
mengklasifikasikan nodul tiroid menjadi neoplasma jinak (adenoma) dan
neoplasma ganas (karsinoma). Sub-tipe karsinoma tiroid secara histopatologi
terbagi atas karsinoma papilari, karsinoma folikuler, karsinoma anaplastik dan
karsinoma medulari.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, yang dilakukan sejak bulan
Juni sampai Desember 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil
penderita adenoma dan karsinoma tiroid di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan
berdasarkan diagnosa histopatologi, jenis kelamin dan kelompok usia. Populasi
penelitian adalah seluruh data rekam medis penderita adenoma dan karsinoma
tiroid selama tahun 2010-2012 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dan
sampel diambil dengan metode consecutive sampling. Data yang diperoleh
selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan program uji statistik yang sesuai
dengan tujuan penelitian, dan hasilnya berupa distribusi yang ditampilkan dalam
bentuk tabel.
Dari 177 sampel penelitian yang terdiagnosa sebagai neoplasma tiroid, 90
kasus merupakan neoplasma jinak (50,8%) sedangkan 87 kasus merupakan
neoplasma ganas (49,1%). Neoplasma tiroid lebih banyak ditemukan pada
perempuan (145 kasus, 81,9%) daripada laki-laki (32 kasus, 18,1%), dan lebih
banyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia 41-50 tahun (65 kasus, 36,7%). Sub-tipe
karsinoma tiroid yang paling banyak adalah jenis karsinoma folikuler tiroid (48
kasus, 55,2%).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan bacaan
dan sumber rujukan umum tentang profil penderita lesi jinak dan ganas pada tiroid
di kota Medan.

Kata Kunci: Nodul tiroid, Histopatologi, Profil Penderita, Adenoma, Karsinoma.

Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT
Thyroid nodule is a palpable enlargement of the thyroid. The incidence of
thyroid nodules in America is approximately 1-10%. The WHO classifications of
thyroid nodules are benign (adenoma) and malignant (carcinoma). The subtypes
of thyroid cancer by histopathology are papillary, follicular, anaplastic and
medullary cancer.
This is a descriptive study that was done on benign and malignant thyroid
patients in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital and was conducted on the month of
June until December 2013. This study was undertaken to determine the
characteristics of patients with adenoma and carcinoma of the thyroid that had
been diagnosed by histopathology, gender and age. The population is the entire
medical records that consist of adenoma and carcinoma of the thyroid during the
year 2010-2012, and samples was taken by consecutive method which only
medical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered as
samples. All the collected data were then analyzed with appropriate statistical test
program and presented in distribution tables.
From the study, it was found that the overall number of cases was 177
with benign neoplasm (90 cases, 50,8%) was found more common than malignant
neoplasm (87 cases, 49,1%). It was also found most in female (145 cases, 81.9%)
in comparison to male (32 cases, 18.1%) and in patients aged 41-50 (65 cases,
36,7%). According to subtype of carcinoma thyroid, follicular cancer was found
most (48 cases, 55.2%).
It is hoped that the study conducted can be a reading material as well as
reference about the characteristics of patients with benign and malignant nodules
of the thyroid in Medan.

Keywords:

Thyroid

nodules,

Histopathology,

Characteristics,

Adenoma,

Carcinoma.

Universitas Sumatera Utara