Transformer Foundation Design

CONTRACT NO.
: PGCB/DANIDA/1
DESIGN-BUILD AND TURNKEY CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF
132kV JOYDEVPUR - KABIRPUR - TANGAIL TRANSMISSION LINE
PROJECT
TITLE :
132kV Joydevpur Substation
SCALE :
Design Calculation for Foundation of Auto Transformer

DOCUMENT NO. :
SUBMITTAL NO. :
JDP/A26/001
SECTION : 12, Building and civil engineering works
DESIGNED BY : Md. Giasuddin
CHECKED BY :
APPROVED BY :
DATE :
19 Nov '05
REV. NO. :
MANUFACTURER :
Paper Size
A4
E:\PROJECTS FOR EXECUTION\Joydevpur - Kabirpur Tangail OHL\Joydevpur Substation\Design

Calculation\Static Cal of Foundation For Auto
Transformer
CONTRACTOR : MTH JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV
ID :
We reserve all rights in this document and the informattion therein. Reproduction, use or
disclosure to third parties without express authority is s
strictly forbidden.
EMPLOYER :
POWER GRID COMPANY OF BANGLADESH LIMITED (PGCB )
CONTRACT NO. : PGCB/DANIDA/1

DESIGN-BUILD AND TURNKEY CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF
132kV JOYDEVPUR - KABIRPUR - TANGAIL TRANSMISSION LINE
PROJECT
TITLE :
132kV Joydevpur Substation
SCALE :
Design Calculation for Foundation of Auto Transformer

DOCUMENT NO. :
SUBMITTAL NO. :
JDP/A26/001
SECTION : 12, Building and civil engineering works
DESIGNED BY : Md. Giasuddin
CHECKED BY :
APPROVED BY :
DATE :
19 Nov '05
REV. NO. :
MANUFACTURER :
Paper Size
A4
E:\PROJECTS FOR EXECUTION\Joydevpur - Kabirpur Tangail OHL\Joydevpur Substation\Design

Calculation\Static Cal of Foundation For Auto
Transformer
CONTRACTOR : MTH JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV
ID :
We reserve all rights in this document and the informattion therein. Reproduction, use or
disclosure to third parties without express authority is s
strictly forbidden.
EMPLOYER :
POWER GRID COMPANY OF BANGLADESH LIMITED (PGCB )
MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

Design of Transformer Foundation ; Joydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station
1. GENERAL
1.1 Considerations :
a) Raft foundation is considered for a 132kV Transformer.
b) The bottom of the raft is at a depth of 1.0m from existing ground surface.
c) Soil bearing capacity is considered 90.04 kN/m2 minimum value from BH-4, BH-5 & BH-7.
d) The Top of bund wall is 200mm above the finished switchyard surface level.
1.2 Soil Data:

Allowable bearing capacity of soil is considered :
Unit weight of soil :
Frustum angle :
Water Table from EGL :
90.04 kN/sqm
17.94 kN/cum.
15.00 Deg.
2.50 m
1.3 Material Properties :

Concrete...fc'= 20 N/mm2
Reinforcing Steel..fy = 415 N/mm2
Concrete Clear Cover.= 60 mm
Unit Weight of Concrete.= 24.0 kN/cum.
2. DESIGN DATA AND FOUNDATION GEOMETRY :
( Reference Dwg no. 56.20.3-03-3537)
Transformer's Length = 6.80 m
Transformer's Width = 5.10 m
Height of Transformer = 5.00 m
Total Weight of Tx. ( with Oil ) = 72,000 Kg
Weight of Oil = 19,000 Kg
Density of Oil = 840 Kg/cum.
Total volume of oil = 22.62 Cum
Pit volume reqd. below the stone ( 125% of oil vol. ) = 28.27 Cum
Inside length of pit considered = 7.80 m
Inside width of pit considered = 5.80 m
Surface area of the pit = 41.47 sqm.
Width of Tx. Supporting Pedestal = 2.68 m
Length of Tx. Supporting Pedestal = 3.89 m
Area of Tx. Supporting Pedestal = 10.4 sqm.
Net surface area of the pit = 31.0 sqm.
Average Depth required = 0.9 m
Provided depth below Grating = 0.90 m
Thickness of grating = 0.05 m
Thickness of gravel layer on top of grating = 0.225 m
Free height above gravel top = 0.05 m
Max. height of pit wall above base slab = 1.225 m
Center of
Tx.
Center of
Foundation
sign By : Md. Giasuddin
Page 3 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05

Center of
Foundation
3. LOAD CALCULATION
Transformer Length, L =
Transformer Width, B =
Transformer Height above top of Pedestal, H =
Total weight of Transformer ( with oil ) =
6.80 m
5.10 m
5.00 m
720.00 kN
3.1 Wind load calculation - as per BNBC

Maximum wind velocity , Vb = 160.0 km/hr
Height of top of transformer from FSYL = 5.20 m
( Specified in the Contract specification)

( Ref. Bangladesh National Building Code 1993, Chapter
2;Page 6-33)
q z = ccc Ic z v 2 b
For exposure B , Cz at Top =
For exposure B , Cz at Bottom =
Velocity to Pressure conversion coefficient, Cc =
Structure Importance Factor CI =
0.85
0.801
4.72E-05
1.25
q z = 1.284 kN/m2
= 1.210 kN/m2
Design Wind Pressure, pz = cG c pq z

L/B =
H/B =
Pressure co
co-efficient,
efficient Cp =
Gust Co-efficient, CG =
; at Top
; at Bottom
2;Page 6-34)
1.33
0.98
0 80
0.80
1.30
Design Wind Pressure, p z = 1.335 kN/m2

= 1.258 kN/m2
Average Pressure , Pz = 1.29671 kN/m2
Force results from Wind = 1.297*6.8*5.1 = 44.97 kN
; at Top
; at Bottom
3.2 Seismic load calculation - as per BNBC

Design Base Shear is given by :
V =

2;Page 6-53)
( for Zone 2 )
( with essential Facilities )
( For RCC wall System )
ZICW
R
Where, Z = Seismic Zone Co-efficient = 0.15

I = Structure Importance Factor = 1.25
R = Response Modification Coefficient = 6
C = Numerical coefficient system is given by : C =
1.25S
T
S = Site coefficient for soil characteristics = 1.5
T = Fundamental period of vibration is given by : T = Ct ( hn )

Ct =
hn =
T=
C=
W = Total Seismic dead load =Transformer Weight =
Design base shear V =
0.049
( For all type of non braced RCC structure )
5.00 m
0.164 Sec
6.262
720.00 kN
140.90 kN
4. SOIL STABILITY CHECK
828.0 kN
4.1 Check for Soil Bearing Capacity :

Weight of each Transformer with 15% impact =
Weight of Transformer supporting Pedestal =
Length of foundation pad =
Width of foundation pad =
Thickness of foundation pad =
828.00 kN
306.50 kN
8.800 m
6.800 m
0.300 m
140.0 kN
CL of Foundation
Load Application on Foundation
Page 4 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05
CL of Foundation

Weight of Pad =
Width of Bund Wall =
Total Length of Bund wall =
Height of Bund wall =
Weight of Bund wall =
Total area of the Yard within bundwall =
Area of Tx. supporting Pedestal =
Net area to be filled with gravel =
Thickness of Gravel =
Weight of gravel =
430.85 kN
0.200 m
28.540 m
1.225 m
167.82 kN
41.47 m2
10.43 m2
31.04 m2
0.225 m
111.76 kN
Load Application on Foundation
Total Vertical Load = 828+306.5 +430.85+167.82+111.76 = 1844.93 kN

Maximum Moment at base due to Max. Horizontal Load =140.9*1.525 = 214.87 kN.m
Eccentricity for Horizontal load = 214.87/1844.93 = 0.116 m
Net Eccentricity = 0.116+0.600 = 0.716 m
kNs
Q = Fzb = 1844.93 kN
A = LxB = 59.84
e = el = 0.716 m
L /6 = 1.467
m2
m
>e
Q
6e
(1+
)
A
L
Q
6e
=
(1)
A
L
So;q max =
and;q min
qmax = 43.54 kN/m2

Gross allowable soil pressure = 90.04 + sDf = 107.98 kN/m2
Net Upward Pressure = 43.54-'sDf = 35.60 kN/m2
4.2 Check for Settlement :
Settlement of a Soil layer is given by :
S =
So it's OK.
cc
p + p
H log10 0
1 + e0
p0
Where, Cc = Compression Index = 0.258
From soil test report of BH-4.
e0 = Initial Void ratio = 0.989

H = Thickness of the Soil Layer = 5.00 m
p0 = The original Soil Pressure at the mid point of the

layer = H/2 = 45.00 kN/m2
p = Change In Pressure = qmax - Df = 25.60 kN/m2
S = 0.1269 ft. = 1.524 inch.
Which is less than 2.0" , so OK.

5. STRUCTURAL DESIGN
5.1 Design of Pit Wall :
Angle of repose for backfilled soil, = 0.00 Deg
Coefficient of earth pressure , Ka = ( 1-sin ) / ( 1-sin ) = 1.00
Unit weight of soil = 17.94 kN/cum
Height of soil at toe side above base = 0.000 m
Height of soil at heel side above slab = 0.700 m
PL above heel side soil = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem = 0.200 m
Thickness of base slab = 0.300 m
Superimposed live load at heel side = 10.00 kN/sqm
Applied Loading :
Unit Weight of Gravel Fill = 16 kN/cum.
Unit Weight of Brick = 19 kN/cum.
Unit Weight of Sand Fill = 15 kN/cum.
Pressure due to Backfill P1= 1/2*Kph2*1.0 = 4.40 kN
Page 5 of 11
( Per meter of width )
Date : 19 Nov '05

( For Backfill is considered 0 Degree )
Ka = ( 1-Sin )/( 1+Sin ) = 1.0
Pressure due Surcharge load P2 =10.0+ ( 0.175*16+0.075*19+0.075*15)*0.7 = 13.75 kN
So Moment about point A = 4.41*0.233+13.75*0.35 = 5.835 kN.m
Factored Moment = 5.838*1.5 = 8.752 kN.m
"
Let us check with minimum reinforcement. As per ACI code, Ratio of minimum reinforcement ( in SI unit) is given by =1.4/fy
min= 0.003373494
M u =f y bd 2 1-0.59 y
f'c
...;Where = 0.9
Mu
d=
f y b(1-0.59
f y
fc'
=
)
85 mm
; d Provided =200-100-10/2= 95 mm; OK
5.1.1 - Reinforcement Calculation :

Vertical Reinforcement
Mdes =Mu/0.9 = 9.725 kN.m
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 6.94 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 284.47 mm2
(Ref. -Design of concrete structure, By-Nilson & Winter,Page 83 ,10th Ed.)
Check for a
a = As*fy/(.85*fc'*b) = 6.94 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 284.47 mm2/m
As per Code Min Rebar Required = 0.004bt = 400.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 10.0 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 5 Nos
Spacing = 200.00 mm
Provide 10mm @ 200mm at both face of the wall.
Horizontal Reinforcement :
As per Code Min Rebar Required = 0.002bt = 400.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 10.0 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 5 Nos
Spacing = 1000/5 = 200.00 mm
Provide 10mm @ 200mm at both face of the wall.
Check for shear :
Shear force , V = 18.14 kN
Factored shear , Vu = 27.21 kN
Where, b= 1000 mm
d = 95 mm
So, vc= Vc/bd = 0.286 N/mm2
AS per ACI Shear Stress applied to concrete should be less than
0.17 f c '
This is much greater than applied stress so consideration is quite Ok.
N/mm2; In present case which is coming 0.76 Mpa.
5.2 Design of Transformer Supporting Pedestal :

( Reference Dwg no. 56.20.3-03-3537)
Length of Pedestal =
Width of Pedestal =
Hight of Pedestal =
Weight of Pedestal =
Total Weight of Tx. ( with Oil ) =
3.890 m
2.680 m
1.225 m
306.50 kN
720.00 kN
Design Loads:
Compression =720.0+306.5 = 1026.50 kN
Moment M = 172.6025
P
Mc
Max. or Min. stress on the section = max/ min = A I

3
I = bh /12 = 6.24E+12 mm4
Maximum stress on the section = 0.06 Mpa, Compressive
Stresse is within acceptable limit, so no rebar is required from structural point of view.
Page 6 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05

But as per code Minimun Rebar = 0.0018*Ag = 0.0018*3890*2680 mm2. = 18766 mm2.
So Use 94 nos. of dia 16mm Bar for Vertical Reinforcement.
Use dia 10mm bar @ 200mm c/c for tie.
5.3. Design of Base Slab
Foundation Layout
Center of
Tx.
Center of
Foundation
5.3.1 Check for Punching of the Base :
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Max Bar size = 20 mm
d = 300-60-20/2 = 230 mm
Punching Perimeter = (2680+3890)*2 = 13140 mm
Punching Area = 13140*230 = 3022200 mm2
Vertical Forces = 1026.50 kN
Punching stress developed by Tx. = 1026.5*1000/ 3022200 = 0.340 Mpa
AS per ACI Shear Stress applied to concrete should be less than
Mpa
0.33 f c '
In present case which is coming 1.48 Mpa. So OK.
5.3.2 Bottom Reinforcement Along Long Direction :
For right side
Net Upward Pressure by soil = 35.60 kN/m2
Max Moment Developed at Pedestal face at Bottom = 35.6*3.055^2/2 = 166.147 kN.m/m
Design moment = 170.42/0.9 = 184.607 kN.m/m
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Bar size = 20 mm
d = 300-60-20/2 = 230 mm
Page 7 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05

Check for stress block,a
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) =
Consideration is OK, So As =
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % =
Consider bar Size =
So Nos. of Bars =
Spacing =
60.39 mm
2473.73 mm2
540.00 mm2/m
20 mm
7.87 Nos
127 mm
Say 120mm
For Left Side

Clear Cover = 60 mm
d = 300-60-20/2 = 230 mm
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 20.23 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 828.76 mm2
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % = 540.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 20 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 2.64 Nos
Spacing = 379 mm
Say 240mm
5.3.3 Bottom Reinforcement Along Short Direction :

Net Upward Pressure by soil = 43.54 -'sDf = 35.60 kN/m2
Clear Cover = 60 mm
d = 300-60-12/2-20 = 214 mm
( Bars to be placed on top of long Bars)
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 30.34 mm
Spacing = 91 mm
Say 90 mm
Calculation For Bar Curtailment
Max Moment Developed at 0.75 m far from Pedestal face at Bottom = 35.6*1.41^2/2 = 35.392 kN.m/m
Clear Cover = 60 mm
d = 300-60-12/2-20 = 214 mm
( Bars to be placed on top of long Bars)
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 12.37 mm
Page 8 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05

Spacing = 209 mm
Say 180 mm
Point of curtailment = 750+(12 times dia of bar ; i.e 12*12 = 144mm use 250mm) 250 = 1000mm from face of Padestal.
5.3.4 Top Reinforcement Calculation along both direction :

Max Hogging Moment Developed = 35.6*(3.0550.40)^2/8 =
Design moment = 27.165/0.9 =
Base Thickness, t =
Clear Cover =
Consider Max Bar size =
d = 300-60-12/2 =
Assuming depth of stress block, a =
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) =
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) =
Consideration is OK, So As =
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % =
Consider bar Size =
So Nos. of Bars =
Spacing =
6. DESIGN OF GRATINGS
31.368 kN.m/m
34.854 kN.m/m
300 mm
60 mm
12 mm
234 mm
9.95 mm
407.45 mm2
9.95 mm
407.45 mm2
540.00 mm2/m
12 mm
4.77 Nos
209 mm
Say 200mm
Layout of Gratings :
Steel of Fy 275.0 Mpa shall be used for gratings.

Main bar : 50X6 Flat
Spacing of main bar : 30 mm c/c
Secondary bar dia. = 12 mm
Page 9 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05

Spacing of secondary bar :
Thickness of gravel paving =
Unit weight of gravel =
Max span of main bar =
100 mm c/c
225 mm
16.00 kN/cum
1.698 m
6.1 Design of main bar :

Self weight of grating :
Self weight of gravel :
Assumed live load :
Total load per unit area =
Uniform Distributed Load per main bar =
Check for bending stress :
0.56 kN/sqm
3.60 kN/sqm
2.00 kN/sqm
6.16 kN/sqm
0.185 kN/m
Max bending moment = 0.185*1.6982/8 = 0.067kN.m

Zxx of main bar = 6*502/6 =
Max bending stress = 0.067*10^6/2500 =
Allowable bending stress = 0.6*Fy = 0.6*275 =
Check for shear stress :
Max shear force =
Max shear stress =
Allowable Shear stress = 0.346*Fy = 0.346*275 =
Check for max deflection :
2500 mm3
26.64 Mpa
165.00 Mpa
; So OK.
0.157 kN
0.52 Mpa
95.15 Mpa
; So OK.
Ixx of main bar = 6*50^3/12 = 62500 mm4

Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200000 Mpa
Max central deflection = 5wl4/384EI = 11.60
60 mm
Allowable Maximum deflection = l/325 = 5.22 mm
; So OK.
6.2 Design of grating supporting channel :

Max span of channel =
Load from grating per channel = 6.16*2.505 =
Max bending moment , M =
Max end shear, V =
Provide : ISMC 200
2.505 m
15.431 kN/m
12.104kN.m
19.327 kN
Check for bending stress :

Total depth, D =
Sectional Area, A =
ryy =
Flange thickness, T =
Web thickness, tw =
Zxx =
Ixx =
Leff / ryy = 2700/22.3=
When
703 X 103 Cb
l

Fy
r
200 mm
2828 mm2
22.3 mm
10.40 mm
6.1 mm
182500 mm3
18251000 mm4
112.33
3516 X 103 Cb
Fy
( )
Fy l
2
r
Fb =
3 10550 X 103 C Fy 0.60 Fy

b
Where C b = 1.75 + 1.05 * ( M 1/ M 2) + 0.3( M 1/ M 2) 2
Consider ends of channel are not to carry any moment so 2nd and 3rd term of the above equation can be ignored.
So Cb = 1.75
Bending Stress = M/Z = 12.1*10^6/182500 = 66.32 Mpa
Fb = 0.535*275 = 147.13 Mpa
> 66.32 Mpa ; So OK.
Check for shear stress :
Shear stress = V/A = 19.327*1000/2828 = 6.83 Mpa
Allowable Shear stress = 0.346*Fy = 0.346*275 = 95.15 Mpa
> 6.83 Mpa ; So OK.
Page 10 of 11
Date : 19 Nov '05

Check for max deflection :
Max central deflection = 5wl4/384EI = 2.17 mm
Allowable Max. deflection = l/325 =2825/325 = 7.71 mm
Page 11 of 11
; So OK.
Date : 19 Nov '05

Contents
Page No.
1. General
03
03
1.2 Soil Data:
03
03
2. Design Data Foundation Geometry :
03
3. Load Calculation :
04
04
04
4. Soil Stability Check
04
04
05
5. Structural Design :
05
05
06
06
07
07
07
08
09
6. Design of Grating :
09
10
10
Giasuddin / BEL
Date : 19 Nov '05

Contents
Page No.
1. General
03
03
1.2 Soil Data:
03
03
2. Design Data Foundation Geometry :
03
3. Load Calculation :
04
04
04
4. Soil Stability Check
04
04
05
5. Structural Design :
05
05
06
06
07
07
07
08
09
6. Design of Grating :
09
10
10
Giasuddin / BEL
Date : 19 Nov '05

Transformer Foundation Design

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CONTRACT NO.

Design Calculation for Foundation of Auto Transformer

SECTION : 12, Building and civil engineering works

DESIGNED BY : Md. Giasuddin

E:\PROJECTS FOR EXECUTION\Joydevpur - Kabirpur Tangail OHL\Joydevpur Substation\Design

CONTRACTOR : MTH JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

CONTRACT NO. : PGCB/DANIDA/1

Design Calculation for Foundation of Auto Transformer

SECTION : 12, Building and civil engineering works

DESIGNED BY : Md. Giasuddin

E:\PROJECTS FOR EXECUTION\Joydevpur - Kabirpur Tangail OHL\Joydevpur Substation\Design

CONTRACTOR : MTH JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

1.2 Soil Data:

1.3 Material Properties :

sign By : Md. Giasuddin

Date : 19 Nov '05

MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

3.1 Wind load calculation - as per BNBC

( Specified in the Contract specification)

Design Wind Pressure, pz = cG c pq z

Design Wind Pressure, p z = 1.335 kN/m2

3.2 Seismic load calculation - as per BNBC

( Ref. Bangladesh National Building Code 1993, Chapter

Where, Z = Seismic Zone Co-efficient = 0.15

S = Site coefficient for soil characteristics = 1.5

T = Fundamental period of vibration is given by : T = Ct ( hn )

( For all type of non braced RCC structure )

4. SOIL STABILITY CHECK

4.1 Check for Soil Bearing Capacity :

Load Application on Foundation

sign By : Md. Giasuddin

Date : 19 Nov '05

MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

Design of Transformer Foundation ; Joydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

Load Application on Foundation

Total Vertical Load = 828+306.5 +430.85+167.82+111.76 = 1844.93 kN

qmax = 43.54 kN/m2

From soil test report of BH-4.

e0 = Initial Void ratio = 0.989

From soil test report of BH-4.

H = Thickness of the Soil Layer = 5.00 m

p0 = The original Soil Pressure at the mid point of the

S = 0.1269 ft. = 1.524 inch.

Which is less than 2.0" , so OK.

sign By : Md. Giasuddin

( Per meter of width )

Date : 19 Nov '05

MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

; d Provided =200-100-10/2= 95 mm; OK

5.1.1 - Reinforcement Calculation :

N/mm2; In present case which is coming 0.76 Mpa.

5.2 Design of Transformer Supporting Pedestal :

Max. or Min. stress on the section = max/ min = A I

sign By : Md. Giasuddin

Date : 19 Nov '05

MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

sign By : Md. Giasuddin

Date : 19 Nov '05

MT HJGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV

For Left Side

5.3.3 Bottom Reinforcement Along Short Direction :

sign By : Md. Giasuddin

Date : 19 Nov '05