Construction difficulties that are anticipated and remedial measures provided

* Mobility of construction equipment

Generally piling sites are full of mud and the bearing capacity of the soil may not
be high due to weaker top surface which consists of bored soil. Since then the
heavy machinery used for construction process such as boring rigs, mobile/
crawler cranes and truck mixers might not be able to travel to the required
position. As a remedial action, moderately thick (16 mm) steel plates may be
provided on cleared ground so that the truck mixers/ mobile cranes may travel to
the required position. For boring rigs and crawler cranes the main problem is
associated with settlements due to heavy load while working instead of the
settlements on travelling. For an example a boring rig may settle during a pile
boring operation affecting the verticality of the excavation. As the solution, it is
common in practice to scrape away the clayey layer with an excavator and then
place the heavy machine.

* Deviation from soil investigation results along with design variations

At the process of construction of piles it may encounter some considerable
variations from the investigation results. For an example, some part of a
construction site may consist of underlying with a weak rock layer compared to
other areas so that some practices such as the identification of rock socketing
start/termination via a simple test (point load index) may not be able to carry out
as usual. The remedial measure for this is the close communication of the
contractor and consultant where the necessary steps for the unforseen effects
may be able to take with a minimum amount of time.
* carrying out with the schedule
The master plan for the construction process may be prepared considering the
recommendations in the geotechnical investigation for the piling phase but with
some unintended results may lead to hardships in carrying out with the phase. To
overcome this problem the planning for this stage should be carried by
experienced professionals so that most of the times alternative options may be
planned to minimize the delays in construction.

* Problems with machinery items

Piling is a process where heavy machinery is required and due to the improper
usage and maintenance which is common in practice, there may be unintended
malfunctioning of the machinery which require immediate service or
maintenance requirements. Hence the construction process may get affected and
this sudden defects may lead the project to lag behind the schedule. To overcome
this issue proper and timely maintenance of the machinery items are advisable.

* Problems with test results and proceeding in the construction process

There may be situations where the constructed piles may fail all or some of the
tests for integrity and load carrying capacity. At such times also there will be
delays of the process which may lead to affect the whole project. At such events
the close link between consultant and the contractor is crucial so that

* Managing community problems due noise and the vibrations