PART A (10 X 2 = 20)

1. Draw the direct form implementation of the FIR system having difference equation.
y(n) = x(n) 2x(n-1) + 3x(n-2) 10x(n-6)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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8.
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10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

What are limit cycle oscillations?

What is dead band of a filter?
List out the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters.
List out the condition for FIR filter to be linear phase.
State the properties of FIR filters
Write the equation of Hamming window function.
What are the two types of quantization employed in digital System
Define zero. input limit cycle oscillations
Explain the meaning of limit cycle Oscillator
What is product quantization error?
What is meant by fixed point arithmetic? Give example
What are the two types of quantization employed in digital system?
When a FIR filter is said to be a linear phase FIR filter
What is truncation?
What is rounding?
Give the equations for Hamming window and Blackman window
Give the equations for Hanning window and Barlet window.
Part B (5 x 16=80)

1. Design an fir low pass digital filter by using the frequency sampling method for the following
specifications:
Cutoff frequency = 1500 Hz
Sampling frequency = 15000 Hz
Order of the Filter: N= 10
Filter length required l = N + 1 = 11

(16)

2. Design a digital FIR band pass filter with lower cut-off frequency 2000 Hz and upper cut-off frequency 3200
Hz using hamming window of length N = 7. Sampling rate is 10000 Hz
(16)
3. Design the FIR system with the following specification
H(ejw) = 0
= e-j2w

(16)

w
4
4

w
4

Using a Hanning window with N=5.

4. Discuss the design procedure of FIR filter using frequency sampling method.
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5. Design a digital FIR band pass filter with lower cut-off frequency 2000 Hz and upper cut-off frequency
3200 Hz using hamming window of length N = 7. Sampling rate is 10000 Hz.
6. Design and implement linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has following unit sample sequence
H(k) = 1 ; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3
(16)

= 0 ; for k =4, 5, 6, 7
7. Determine the coefficients of a linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has a symmetric unit sample
response and a frequency response that satisfies the conditions
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H (2k /15)
= 1;
for k = 0, 1, 2, 3
= 0.4; for k = 4
= 0;
for k = 5, 6, 7
8. Design a low pass filter using rectangular window by taking 9 samples of w (n) and with a cutoff frequency of
1.2 radians/sec.
9. Using frequency sampling method, design a band pass FIR filter with the following specification. Sampling
frequency Fs =8000 Hz, Cutoff frequency fc1 =1000Hz, fc2 =3000Hz. Determine the filter coefficients for N =7
10. What is quantization of analog signals? Derive the expression for the quantization error.
(8)
11. Explain coefficient quantization in IIR filter.
(8)
12. How to prevent limit cycle oscillation? Explain
(8)
13. What is meant by signal scaling? Explain.
(8)
14. Explain how signal scaling is used to prevent overflow limit cycle in the digital filter
implementation with an example.
15. Determine
the
dead

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band of the system y(n) = 0.2y(n -1) + 0.5y(n - 2) + x(n)

Assume 8 bits are used for signal representation.

16. Represent the following numbers in floating point format

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with five bits for mantissa

and three bits for exponent.

a. 710
b. 0.2510
c. -710
d. -0.2510
17. Draw the product quantization noise model of second order IIR system.
18. Obtain the linear phase realization of the system function
H(z) = + 1/3 z-1 + z-2 +1/4 z-3 + z-4 + 1/3 z-5 + z-6
19. Design an ideal high pass filter with a frequency response
Hd (ejw)
= 1;
/4|w|
= 0;
|w| /4.

(8)

(8)

Find the values of h (n) for N =11 using hamming window. Find H (z) and determine the magnitude
response.
20. Discuss in detail the errors resulting from rounding and truncation.
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21. What is meant by signal scaling? Explain.
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22. With respect to finite word length effects in digital filters, with examples discuss about Overflow limit
cycle oscillation.
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23. Explain the characteristics of a limit cycle oscillation with respect to the system described by the
difference equation y(n)= 0.95 y(n-1) + x(n). Determine the dead band of the filter.
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24. Two first order filters are connected in cascade whose system function of individual sections are H 1(z)
=1/ (1-0.8z-1) and H2(z) =1/ (1-0.9z-1). Determine the overall output noise power.
(16)
25. The output of A/D converter is applied to digital filter with system function H(z) = 0.5z/(z-0.5). Find the
output noise power from the digital filter when the system is quantized to 8 bits.

26. Consider a second order IIR filter with H(z) = 1.0/ (1-0.5 z -1) (1-0.45 z-1). Find the effects on
quantization on pole location of the system function in direct form and in cascade form. Assume b=3
bits. (16)