AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING

16th to 21st August 2015

The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA

A review of the Planning

methodologies for the
development of the Sabah
Transmission Grid Under the 11th
Malaysian Plan
Alexsteir Moris

Engineer (Transmission Planning)

Planning Division, Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd
Tel: 6088-282471
Email: alexsteir.moris@sesb.com.my

Table of Contents
1

Planning cycle

Deterministic Criteria

Value management

Creativity Index

Value based reliability planning

New Planning Methodology

2

PLANNING CYCLE

Load
survey

Electricity
Demand Forecast
2015

Report from
previous
report

20-Year
Generation
Development Plan
2015
3

 DETERMINISTIC
CRITERIA

Thermal limits
Voltage limits
Stability limits
Frequency excursion
Short circuit limits

As per SESB practice, all the deterministic criteria is a mandatory

requirement for SESB to comply.

Frequency limit

Stability limit

Voltage limit

Thermal limit

Compliance to the
Sabah Labuan Grid
Code

Transient study
Category A
Category B

Short circuit limit

Criteria Thermal Limits

System Condition (Planning Timescales)
Equipment (All
Transmission
Voltages)

Normal Operation

Following Secured (N-1)

Contingency Events

Minimum

Minimum

Overhead Lines

No thermal overloading allowed

No thermal overloading allowed

Underground/
Submarine
Cables

No thermal overloading allowed

No thermal overloading allowed

Transformers

No thermal overloading allowed

No thermal overloading allowed

Loss of load is NOT allowed under both system conditions stated above

Criteria Voltage Limits

System Condition (Planning Timescales)

Nominal
Voltage

Normal Operation

Following Secured (N-1)

Contingency Events

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum

Maximum

275kV

1.0 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

0.95 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

132kV

1.0 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

0.95 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

Generation
Bus

1.0 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

0.95 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

Criteria Stability Limits

Rotor angle

Relative rotor angle of any two generating units must not

exceed 180 degrees at any time

Damping Ratio

Following a disturbance, the damping ratio of power, angle

or voltage oscillation must not less than 5 %

Voltage
Excursion

Immediately following a fault clearance,

Low Limit : 0.7 p.u. for not more than 400 ms
High Limit : 1.2 p.u. for not more than 30 s

Criteria Fault clearing Times

System Voltage
(kV)

Fault location

Fault clearance time

ms

cycles

Substation

100

Overhead line/cable

100

Substation

150

7.5

Overhead line/cable

150

7.5

Substation

150

7.5

Overhead line/cable

150

7.5

275

132

66

Criteria Frequency exursion

Under Normal operating conditions

49.5 Hz to 50.5 Hz- allow to operate continuously

49.0 to 49.5 Hz or 50.5 to 51.0Hz allow to operate for less

than 30 min

Under Abnormal system conditions

47.5 to 49.0Hz or 51.0 to 52.0 Hz allow to operate for less

than 1 min

47.0 Hz to 47.5 Hz allow to operate for less than 10

seconds

Under extreme System fault conditions all

Above 52.0 Hz or below 47.0 Hz below generating set will

generating sets should have disconnected by

be allowed to disconnect without time delay. CCGT may

this frequency unless agreed otherwise in

have a lower high frequency limit, if design limit is lower

writing with the Single Buyer.

than 52.0 Hz but should be lower than 51.5 Hz

10

Criteria Short Circuit Limits

System Voltage (kV)
275

Equipment Short Circuit Rating Break Capacity

132

33

40kA, 3s for bulk substation

50kA, 1s for 275kV substation
equipment within Power
Station
31.5kA, 3s for bulk substation
40kA, 3s for 132kV and 275kV substation within Power
Station
31.5kA, 3s
31.5kA, 3s for Power Station equipment and 33kV equipment
within 275kV and 132kV substations

11

Transient study criteria

Requirements

Category
A (N-0)
No Contingencies (system intact)

System must remain stable

No loss of demand
No cascading outages

B (N-1)
Event resulting in the loss of a
single element

System must remain stable

No loss of demand
No cascading outages

C (N-2),(N-1-1)

Event(s) resulting in the loss of two

or more (multiple) elements

System must remain stable

Loss of demand is allowed (controlled/planned)
No cascading outages

D
Extreme event resulting in two or

more (multiple) elements removed

or Cascading out of service

May involve substantial loss of customer Demand and

generation in a widespread area or areas
Portions or all of the Interconnection systems may or may not
achieve a new, stable operating point.
Evaluation of these events may require joint studies with
neighbouring systems
12

 VALUE MANAGEMENT

13

 For the state of Sabah, most of the electricity project funded by the Federal Government
from various Malaysian Plan.
Under the Malaysian Plan, it is Federal Government Policy that all project funded through
Malaysian Plan must conduct a Value Management.
-:Value Management:Systematic approaches to various disciplines and innovative in order to achieve more Good
value with optimum costs Without prejudice to the level of program and project
performance
Innovative
To eliminate redundancy
items
To update standard, criteria
and objective
To determine unnecessary
expenses

To save time, cost and energy

Value
Management

To simplified method and

procedure
To challenge assumption and
Generate new idea
14

 CREATIVITY INDEX

15

Based on the latest guidelines from Federal Government required Creativity Index
analysis for all federal Government funded project.
Outcomes of creativity :- Economic outputs stand for the growth of creative economy,
but other inventive outcomes present the vitality and vibrancy of creativity in a place.
Structural/institutional capital
We measure eight types of societal conditions that are contributors to the growth of
creativity in a community:
ICT infrastructure
Entrepreneurship
Legal system
Social and cultural infrastructure
Corruption
Community facilities
Freedom of expression
Financial infrastructure

Human capital :-High mobility of human capital will facilitate cultural exchange,
transfer of skills and knowledge as well as generation of new ideas in society
Social capital :-Social capital, in terms of trust, reciprocity, cooperation and rich social
networks are conducive to the enrichment of collective well-being and social expression.
Cultural capital :- Cultural capital refers to the more specific activities and
qualities relating to culture, the arts and creativity in everyday life.
16

 VALUE BASED RELIABILITY

PLANNING

17

The value-based reliability transmission planning is a transmission development planning

(TDP) methodology in which the cost of TDP is measured against the benefits from reliability
improvement.
The basic concept of value based reliability transmission planning is;
Total Cost

= Utility Costs

Capital cost,
operation and
maintenance
(O&M),
losses, etc.

Customer Outage Costs

The costs due to
unreliability supply.

A new conceptual transmission planning method is proposed which considers both the
reliability and economic criteria simultaneously.
By incorporating the two planning criteria, the proposed planning model can find the

trade-off between satisfying reliability needs and maximizing the economic value of
candidate options.

18

A new conceptual methodology to be adopted by SESB

Qualitative
analysis

Space
Way leave
Social impact
Risk of project
implementation

Deterministic

Using software
PSS/E
Conduct study
for all criteria as
per mandatory
requirement by
SLGC

Probabilistic
assessment
Reliability analysis of
connection scheme.
Introduction of
reliability software
The information will help
in identifying
Scenarios that have high
probability or high
impact or both
Equipment (line,
transformer, generator)
that causes critical
situations
Facilities (buses and
branches) that are most
violated.
The relationship
between reliability
index and stress level to
provide a measurement
of system robustness.

Economic
analysis

Cost Benefit
Analysis
Creativity Index
Value
management

19

 NEW PLANNING
METHODOLOGY

20

Combining the traditional, new guideline by Federal Government and valued based reliability
planning, a comprehensive project proposal established.

ECONOMIC ASPECT

QUALITATIVE
ANALYSIS

VALUE
MANAGEMENT

PROJECT PROPOSAL

PROBABILISTIC
ASSESSMENT

DETERMINISTIC
CRITERIA

CREATIVITY INDEX

21

THANK YOU

22