Rizals Last Trip Abroad (1896)

- Rizal stopovers from Dapitan to Manila:

Dumaguete
Cebu
Iloilo
Capiz
Romblon
Dumaguete
Rizal visited a friend and former classmate, Herrero Regidor, who was the judge of
the province.
He also visited other friends, including the Periquet and Rufina families.
Cebu
The Espaa left Dumaguete about 1:00pm and reached Cebu the following
morning.
Rizal was fascinated by the entrance to Cebu which he considered "beautiful".
He met an old couple whom he had known in Madrid. Iloilo Monday, August 3, Rizal
left Cebu going to
Iloilo
Arrived at Iloilo he went shopping in the city, and visited 'Molo'.
Molo was a church, he commented: The church is pretty painted by a lad. The
Paintings are mostly copies of biblical scenes by Gustave Dore.
From Iloilo ship sailed to Capiz. After a brief stopover it proceeded toward Manila.
August 6, 1896 August 30, 1896 September 2, 1896 Isla de Luzon Steamer Rizal misses
ship going to Spain. The Espaa arrived at the Manila bay early morning. Unfortunately
Rizal was not able to catch the mail ship Isla de luzon because it had departed the
previous day 5:00pm "Unfortunately I didn't catch the mail ship for Spain and fearing
that my stay for a month in Manila would bring me troubled i made known to Governor
General, while remaining on board the ship (Espaa) of my wish to be isolated from
everybody, except my family."
- Jose Rizal to Blumentritt He wrote a letter to.. Rizal was transferred to a spanish cruiser
Castilla by order of Governor General Ramos Blanco. He stayed there for about a month
from
pending the availability of a Spain bound steamer. The state of war was proclaimed in
the eight provinces:
Manila
Cavite
Bulacan
Batangas
Laguna
Pampanga
Nueva Ecija
Tarlac He received two letters of introduction for the minister of war and the minister of
colonies, with covering letter that absolved him from all blame for raging revolutions. "As
promised I am addressing you a few lines before leaving, to let you know about the
condition of my health.
I am well thank God, I am only concerned as so what will happen or shall have happened

to you in these days of upheaval and disorder. God will that my old father may not have
any indisposition.
I shall write to you from places where the boat stops. I expect to be in Madrid or
Barcelona at the end of the month."
With nothing more my very dear mother. I kiss your hand and that of my father with all
love and affection, give me your blessings of which I am much needed." He transferred
to Isla de Panay which was sailing for Barcelona, Spain. Rizal in Singapore The following
morning Rizal and the other passengers went ashore for sightseeing and shopping for
souvenirs.
In his travel diary he wrote that he had observed there are more chinese merchants and
less indian. Singapore has changed since he first saw it in 1882. Rizal was urged by his
fellow passengers to stay in Singapore to save his life.
But he ignored their appeal because he had given a word of honor to Governor General
Blanco and did not like to break it. Don Pedro a fellow passenger with his son,
disembarked at Singapore. Advised Rizal to stay behind too to take advantage of the
protection of the British law. The steamer Isla de Panay arrived at Singapore in the
evening of Sept. 7, 1896. Rizal arrested before reaching Barcelona His Mistake.. Rizal
noted. "There are people on board who do nothing but slander me and invent fanciful
stories about me. I'm going to become a legendary personage."
Sept. 30, the steamer anchored at Malta. He was officially notified by the captain
Alemany that he should stay in his cabin for further orders from Manila. Sept. 28, a
passenger told Rizal that he would be arrested by order of Governor General Blanco and
would be sent to prison in Ceuta (Spanish Morocco).
Shocked by alarming news, Rizal belatedly realized that he was duped by the
unscrupulous Spanish officials, particularly the sly Blanco. With an agonizing heart he
immediately.. Sept. 25, he saw the steamer Isla de Luzon, leaving the Suez Canal,
crammed with Spanish troops.
Two days later he heard from the passengers that a telegram arrived from Manila
reporting the execution of Francisco Roxas, Genato and Osorio. The truth of the matter
was Blanco and the Minister of War and Colonies were exchanging coded telegrams and
confidential messages for his arrest upon reaching Barcelona and that he was a deportee
and was kept under surveillance. Unaware of the Spanish duplicity, particularly of
Governor General Blanco's infernal deceit, he happily continued his voyage towards
Barcelona. He sealed his own doom.
By Refusing to break his word of honor in Singapore..
He thought General Blanco was a man of honor because he let him to go as a free man
to Spain to become a physician-surgeon of the Spanish army in Cuba, and gave him two
letters of introduction addressed to the Spanish minister of war and colonies Victim of
Duplicity To his Best Friend Blumentritt... "A passenger on board just told me a news that
I can hardly believe and should it be true, would bring to an end the prestige of
Philippine Authorities. I cannot believe for it would be the greatest injustice and the most
abominable infamy, unworthy not of a military official but of the last bandit..
..... I cannot believe it! This is infamous, but if it turns out to be true as everybody
assures me, I am communicating to you these news so that you may appraise my
situation. Yours,
Jose Rizal October 3, 1896.
Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona
His jailor was not the ship captain but the military Commander who happened to be

General Eulogio Despujol, the one who ordered his banishment in Dapitan. October 6,
Rizal was escorted to the grim and infamous prison-fortress named Monjuich where he
spent the whole morning. Afternoon at 2, he was brought to the headquarters of General
Despujol. In the interview told Rizal he would be shipped back to manila on board the
transport ship colon which was leaving evening. After the interview, Rizal was taken
aboard the colon which was "full of soldiers" At 8:00p.m. the ship left Barcelona with
Rizal on board. Last Trip Abroad..
1. Trial of Rizal Joshua De Guzman
I will discuss the following: Arguments on Rizal Defense of Rizal Sentenced to
Rizal
Preliminary Investigation
November 20, 1896 Rizal appeared to Colonel Francisco Olive. Rizal was
questioned by Col. Olive but he was not permitted to confront witnesses who testified
against him.
Preliminary Investigation
Two kinds of evidence presented against Rizal: Documentary Testimonial
Documentary Evidences
1.
A letter from Antonio Luna to Mariano Ponce dated Oct. 16, 1888, Madrid. 2. A
letter of Rizal to his family dated Aug. 20, 1890, Madrid. 3. A letter from M.H. Del Pilar to
Deodato Arellano dated Jan 7, 1889, Madrid 4. A poem entitled Kundiman allegedly
written by Rizal.
Kundiman
Tunay ngayong umid yaring dila't puso Sinta'y umiilag, tuwa'y lumalayo, Bayan
palibhasa'y lupig at sumuko Sa kapabayaan ng nagturong puno. Datapuwa't muling
sisikat ang araw, Pilit maliligtas ang inaping bayan, Magbabalik mandin at muling iiral
Ang ngalang Tagalog sa sandaigdigan. Ibubuhos namin ang dugo't babaha Matubos nga
lamang ang sa amang lupa Habang di ninilang panahong tadhana, Sinta'y tatahimik,
iidlip ang nasa.
Documentary Evidences 5.
A letter of Carlos Oliver to an unidentified person, Sept. 18, 1891. 6. A Masonic
document dated Feb. 9, 1892. 7. A letter signed Dimasalang to Ten Luz (Juan Zulueta)
dated May 24, 1892, H.K. 8. A letter signed Dimasalang to unidentified committee dated
June 1, 1892, Hong Kong.
8. Documentary Evidence 9. An anonymous and undated letter to the Editor of the Hong
Kong Telegraph. 10. A letter of Ildefonso Laurel to Rizal, dated Sept. 3, 1892. 11. A letter
of Rizal Segundo, dated Sept. 17, 1893. 12. A letter to M.H. Del Pilar to Juan A. Tenluz
9. Documentary Evidence 13. A transcript of the speech of Pinkian (Emilio Jacinto) in a
meeting of the Katipunan on July 23, 1893. 14. Transcript of a speech Tik-Tol (Jose Turiano
Santiago) during the same Katipunan meeting. 15. A poem by Laon Laan (Rizal) entitled
A Talisay.
10. Testimonial Evidences 1. Martin Constantino 2. Aguedo del Rosario 3. Jose Reyes 4.
Moises Salvador 5. Jose Dizon 6. Pio Valenzuela 7. Ambrosio Savador 8. Francisco Quison
9. Timoteo Paez 10. Deodato Arellano 11. Pedro Serrano Laktaw 12. Antonio Salazar 13.
Domingo Franco

11. Peas Recommendations: Rizal must be immediately sent to trial He must be

held in prison under necessary security His properties must be issued with order of
attachment, and as indemnity, Rizal had to pay one million pesos Instead of a civilian
lawyer, only an army officer is allowed to defend Rizal.
12. Rizals Defender Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade 1st Lieutenant of the Artillery,
brother of Jose Taviel de Andrade, the bodyguard of Rizal.
13. Rizals Arraignment December 11, 1896 Charged with the crime of rebellion,
and the formation of illegal associations. Rizal replied that: He does not question
the jurisdiction of the court He has nothing to amend except that during his exile in
Dapitan in 1892, he had not dealt in political matters; He has nothing to admit on the
charges against him He had nothing to admit on the declarations of the witnesses, he
had not met nor knew, against him.
14. On December 13, 1896
15. While in Detention Rizal released a manifesto that he denounces the revolution
and condemned Katipunan for using his name without his permission.
16. Actual Trial December 26, 1896 @Hall of Banners of the Cuartel de Espaa
He was accused of 3 crimes: rebellion, sedition, illegal associations. Penalty: Life
imprisonment-death for rebellion and sedition, correctional imprisonment and a fine of
325 to 3250 pesetas for illegal association.
17. Defense of Rizal As testified by Pio Valenzuela, Rizal was against rebellion He
had not written a letter addressed to the Katipunan comprising revolutionary elements
Without his knowledge, his name was used by the Katipunan; if he really was guilty, he
could have escaped while he was in Singapore If he was guilty, he should have left the
country while in exile; he shouldn't have built a home, bought a parcel of land or
established a hospital in Dapitan. If he was really the leader of the revolution, the
revolutionists should have consulted him. He did not deny that he wrote the by-laws of
the La Liga Filipina, but to make things clear, the organization was a civic association,
not a revolutionary society.
18. Defense of Rizal After the first meeting of La Liga, the association banished
because of his exile in Dapitan, thus, did not last long. If the La Liga was reorganized
nine months later, he had no idea about it If the La Liga had a revolutionary purpose,
then Katipunan should not have been organized. If the Spanish authorities found his
letters having bitter atmosphere, it was because in 1890 his family was being persecuted
resulting to their dispossession of properties and deportation of all his brothers- in-law.
He lived an exemplary life in Dapitan the politico-military commanders and missionary
priests in the province could attest to that. If according to witnesses the speech he
delivered at Doroteo Ongjunco's house had inspired the revolution, then he want to
confront these persons. If he really was for the revolution, then why did the Katipunan
sent an unfamiliar emissary to him in Dapitan? It is so because all his friends were aware
that he never advocated violence.
19. December 28, 1896 Polavieja approved the decision of the court-martial and
ordered Rizal to be shot at 7:00 oclock in the morning of December 30 at Bagumbayan
Field

Transcript of Copy of Chapter 23: Last Trip Abroad (1896)

Chapter 23: Last Trip Abroad (1896) By:
GROUP TWO
BSFT IV-A From Dapitan to Manila. Leaving Dapitan at midnight, July 31,1896, the
Espaa, with Rizal and party on board sailed northward.
At dawn the next day (Saturday, August 1) it anchored at Dumaguete Capital of Negros
Occidental. Rizal stopovers from Dapitan to Manila: Dumaguete
Cebu
Iloilo
Capiz
Romblon Dumaguete Rizal visited a friend and former classmate, Herrero Regidor, who
was the judge of the province.
He also visited other friends, including the Periquet and Rufina families. Cebu The Espaa
left Dumaguete about 1:00pm and reached Cebu the following morning.
Rizal was fascinated by the entrance to Cebu which he considered "beautiful".
He met an old couple whom he had known in Madrid. Iloilo Monday, August 3, Rizal left
Cebu going to Iloilo.
Arrived at Iloilo he went shopping in the city, and visited 'Molo'.
Molo was a church, he commented: The church is pretty painted by a lad. The Paintings
are mostly copies of biblical scenes by Gustave Dore.
From Iloilo ship sailed to Capiz. After a brief stopover it proceeded toward Manila. August
6, 1896 August 30, 1896 September 2, 1896 Isla de Luzon Steamer Rizal misses ship
going to Spain. The Espaa arrived at the Manila bay early morning. Unfortunately Rizal
was not able to catch the mail ship Isla de luzon because it had departed the previous
day 5:00pm "Unfortunately I didn't catch the mail ship for Spain and fearing that my stay
for a month in Manila would bring me troubled i made known to Governor General, while
remaining on board the ship (Espaa) of my wish to be isolated from everybody, except
my family."
- Jose Rizal to Blumentritt He wrote a letter to.. Rizal was transferred to a spanish cruiser
Castilla by order of Governor General Ramos Blanco. He stayed there for about a month
from
pending the availability of a Spain bound steamer. The state of war was proclaimed in
the eight provinces:
Manila
Cavite
Bulacan
Batangas
Laguna
Pampanga
Nueva Ecija

Tarlac He received two letters of introduction for the minister of war and the minister of
colonies, with covering letter that absolved him from all blame for raging revolutions. "As
promised I am addressing you a few lines before leaving, to let you know about the
condition of my health.
I am well thank God, I am only concerned as so what will happen or shall have happened
to you in these days of upheaval and disorder. God will that my old father may not have
any indisposition.
I shall write to you from places where the boat stops. I expect to be in Madrid or
Barcelona at the end of the month."
With nothing more my very dear mother. I kiss your hand and that of my father with all
love and affection, give me your blessings of which I am much needed." He transferred
to Isla de Panay which was sailing for Barcelona, Spain. Rizal in Singapore The following
morning Rizal and the other passengers went ashore for sightseeing and shopping for
souvenirs.
In his travel diary he wrote that he had observed there are more chinese merchants and
less indian. Singapore has changed since he first saw it in 1882. Rizal was urged by his
fellow passengers to stay in Singapore to save his life.
But he ignored their appeal because he had given a word of honor to Governor General
Blanco and did not like to break it. Don Pedro a fellow passenger with his son,
disembarked at Singapore. Advised Rizal to stay behind too to take advantage of the
protection of the British law. The steamer Isla de Panay arrived at Singapore in the
evening of Sept. 7, 1896. Rizal arrested before reaching Barcelona His Mistake.. Rizal
noted. "There are people on board who do nothing but slander me and invent fanciful
stories about me. I'm going to become a legendary personage."
Sept. 30, the steamer anchored at Malta. He was officially notified by the captain
Alemany that he should stay in his cabin for further orders from Manila. Sept. 28, a
passenger told Rizal that he would be arrested by order of Governor General Blanco and
would be sent to prison in Ceuta (Spanish Morocco).
Shocked by alarming news, Rizal belatedly realized that he was duped by the
unscrupulous Spanish officials, particularly the sly Blanco. With an agonizing heart he
immediately.. Sept. 25, he saw the steamer Isla de Luzon, leaving the Suez Canal,
crammed with Spanish troops.
Two days later he heard from the passengers that a telegram arrived from Manila
reporting the execution of Francisco Roxas, Genato and Osorio. The truth of the matter
was Blanco and the Minister of War and Colonies were exchanging coded telegrams and
confidential messages for his arrest upon reaching Barcelona and that he was a deportee
and was kept under surveillance. Unaware of the Spanish duplicity, particularly of
Governor General Blanco's infernal deceit, he happily continued his voyage towards
Barcelona. He sealed his own doom.
By Refusing to break his word of honor in Singapore..
He thought General Blanco was a man of honor because he let him to go as a free man

to Spain to become a physician-surgeon of the Spanish army in Cuba, and gave him two
letters of introduction addressed to the Spanish minister of war and colonies Victim of
Duplicity To his Best Friend Blumentritt... "A passenger on board just told me a news that
I can hardly believe and should it be true, would bring to an end the prestige of
Philippine Authorities. I cannot believe for it would be the greatest injustice and the most
abominable infamy, unworthy not of a military official but of the last bandit..
..... I cannot believe it! This is infamous, but if it turns out to be true as everybody
assures me, I am communicating to you these news so that you may appraise my
situation. Yours,
Jose Rizal October 3, 1896.
Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona
His jailor was not the ship captain but the military Commander who happened to be
General Eulogio Despujol, the one who ordered his banishment in Dapitan. October 6,
Rizal was escorted to the grim and infamous prison-fortress named Monjuich where he
spent the whole morning. Afternoon at 2, he was brought to the headquarters of General
Despujol. In the interview told Rizal he would be shipped back to manila on board the
transport ship colon which was leaving evening. After the interview, Rizal was taken
aboard the colon which was "full of soldiers" At 8:00p.m. the ship left Barcelona with
Rizal on board. Last Trip Abroad.. Thank You for Watching by: BSFT IV A GROUP 2 Bicol
University Tabaco Campus To Blumentritt... To his Mother... ERICSON B. BERAQUIT JOHN
MICHAEL B. YULA ERWIN B. BERTILLO MARY MONALISA B. BOCATO GRACE U. DEOCAREZA
JAN MICHAEL CANARIA

Rizal's Last Hours

Dec. 29, 1896. 6:00 7:00 a.m. Sr. S. Mataix asks Rizals permission to interview him.
Capt.
Dominguez reads death sentence to Rizal. Source of information: cablegram of Mataix to
EL Heraldo
De Madrid, "Notes" of Capt. Dominguez and Testimony of Lt. Gallegos.
7:00 8:00 a.m. Rizal is transferred to his death cell. Fr. Saderra talks briefly with Rizal.
Fr. Viza presents statue of the Sacred hearth of Jesus and medal of Mary. Rizal rejects the
letter, saying , "Im little of a Marian, Father." Source: Fr. Viza.
8:00 9:00 a.m. Rizal is shares his milk and coffee with Fr. Rosell. Lt. Andrade and chief
of Artillery come to visit Rizal who thanks each of them. Rizal scribbles a note inviting his
family it visit him. Sources: Fr. Rosell and letter of Invitation.
9:00 10:00 a.m. Sr. Mataix, defying stringent regulation, enters death cell and
interviews Rizal in the presence of Fr. Rosell. Later, Gov. Luengo drops in to join the
conversation. Sources: Letter of Mataix ti Retana Testimony of Fr. Rosell.
10:00 11:00 a.m. Fr. Faura persuades Rizal to put down his rancours and order to
marry josephine canonically. a heated discussion on religion occurs between them ion
the hearing of Fr. Rosell. Sources: El Imparcial and Fr. Rosell .
11:00 12:00 noon. Rizal talks on "various topics" in a long conversation with Fr.
Vilaclara who will later conclude (with Fr. Balaguer, who is not allowed to enter the death
cell) that Rizal is either to Prostestant or rationalist who speaks in "a very cold and
calculated manner" with a mixture of a "strange piety." No debate or discussion on
religion is recorded to have taken place between the Fathers mentioned and Rizal.
Sources: El Imarcial and Rizal y su Obra.
12:00 1:00 p.m. Rizal reads Bible and Imitation of Christ by Kempis, then meditates.
Fr. Balaguer reports to the Archbishop that only a little hope remains that Rizal is going
to retract for Rizal was heard saying that he is going to appear tranquilly before God.
Sources: Rizals habits and Rizal y su Obra.
1:00 2:00 p.m. Rizal denies (probably, he is allowed to attend to his personal
necessities). Source: "Notes" of Capt. Dominguez.
2:00 3:00 p.m. Rizal confers with Fr. March and Fr. Vilaclara. Sources: "Notes" of Capt.
Dominguez in conjunction with the testimonies of Fr. Pi and Fr. Balaguer.
3:00 4:00 p.m. Rizal reads verses which he had underlined in Eggers german Reader,
a book which he is going to hand over to his sisters to be sent to Dr. Blumentritt through
F. Stahl. He "writes several letters . . . ,with his last dedications," then he "rest for a
short." Sources: F. Stahl and F. Blumentritt, Cavana (1956) Appendix 13, and the
"Notes" of Capt. Dominguez.
4:00 5:30 p.m. Capt. Dominguez is moved with compassion at the sight of Rizals
kneeling before his mother and asking pardon. Fr. Rosell hears Rizals farewell to his
sister and his address to those presents eulogizing the cleverness of his nephew. The
other sisters come in one by one after the other and to each Rizals gives promises to
give a book, an alcohol burner, his pair of shoes, an instruction, something to remember.
Sources "notes" of Capt. Dominguez and Fr. Rosell, Diaro de Manila.
5:30 6:00 p.m. The Dean of the Cathedral, admitted on account of his dignity, comes
to exchange views with Rizal. Fr. Rosell hears an order given to certain "gentlemen" and

"two friars" to leave the chapel at once. Fr. Balaguer leaves Fort Santiago. Sources: Rev.
Silvino Lopez-Tuon, Fr. Rosell, Fr. Serapio Tamayo, and Sworn Statement of Fr. Balaguer.
6:00 7:00 p.m.Fr. Rosell leaves Fort Santiago and sees Josephine Bracken. Rizal calls
for Josephine and then they speak to each for the last time. Sources: Fr. Rosell, El
Imparcial, and Testimony of Josephine to R. Wildman in 1899.
7:00 8:00 p.m. Fr. Faura returns to console Rizal and persuades him once more to
trust him and the other professors at the Ateneo. Rizal is emotion-filled and, after
remaining some moments in silence, confesses to Fr. Faura. Sources: El Imparcial.
8:00 9:00 p.m. Rizal rakes supper (and, most probably, attends to his personal
needs). Then, he receives Bro. Titllot with whom he had a very "tender" (Fr. Balaguer) or
"useful" (Fr. Pi) interview. Sources: Separate testimonies of Fr. Balaguer and Fr. Pi on the
report of Bro. Titllot; Fisal Castao.
9:00 10:00 p.m.Fiscal Castao exchanges views with Rizal regarding their respective
professors. Sources: Fiscal Castao.
10:00 11:00 p.m. Rizal manifests strange reaction, asks guards for paper and pen.
From rough drafts and copies of his poem recovered in his shoes, the Spaniards come to
know that Rizal is writing a poem. Sources: El Imparcial and Ultimo Adios; probably, Fiscal
Castao.
11:00 12:00 midnight Rizal takes time to his hide his poem inside the alcohol burner.
It has to be done during night rather than during daytime because he is watched very
carefully. He then writes his last letter to brother Paciano. Sources: Testimonies and
circumstantial evidence.
12:00 4:00 a.m. Rizal sleeps restfully because his confidence in the goodness of God
and the justness of his cause gives him astounding serenity and unusual calmness.
Dec. 30, 1986. 4:00 5:00 a.m. Rizal picks up Imitation of Christ, reads, meditates
and then writes in Kempis book a dectation to his wife Josephine and by this very act in
itself he gives to her their only certificate of marriage.
5:00 6:15 Rizal washes up, takes breakfast, attends to his personal needs. Writes a
letter to his parents. Reads Bible and meditates. Josephine is prohibited by the Spanish
officers from seeing Rizal, according to Josephines testimony to R. Wildman in 1899.
6:15 7:00 Rizal walks to the place of execution between Fr. March and Fr. Vilaclara with
whom he converses. Keeps looking around as if seeking or expecting to see someone.
His last word, said in a loud voice: "It is finished"
7:00 7:03 Sounds of guns. Rizal vacillates, turns halfway around, falls down backwards
and lies on the ground facing the sun. Silence. Shouts of vivas for Spain.

RETRACTION
I declare myself a catholic and in this Religion in which I was born and educated I wish to
live and die.
I retract with all my heart whatever in my words, writings, publications and conduct has
been contrary to my character as son of the Catholic Church. I believe and I confess
whatever she teaches and I submit to whatever she demands. I abominate Masonry, as
the enemy which is of the Church, and as a Society prohibited by the Church. The
Diocesan Prelate may, as the Superior Ecclesiastical Authority, make public this
spontaneous manifestation of mine in order to repair the scandal which my acts may
have caused and so that God and people may pardon me.

Manila 29 of December of 1896

Jose Rizal

"My Last Farewell"

translation by Encarnacion
Alzona & Isidro Escare Abeto
Farewell, my adored Land, region
of the sun caressed,
Pearl of the Orient Sea, our Eden
lost,
With gladness I give you my life,
sad and repressed;
And were it more brilliant, more
fresh and at its best,
I would still give it to you for your
welfare at most.
On the fields of battle, in the fury
of fight,
Others give you their lives
without pain or hesitancy,
The place does not matter:
cypress, laurel, lily white;
Scaffold, open field, conflict or
martyrdom's site,
It is the same if asked by the
home and country.
I die as I see tints on the sky b'gin to
show
And at last announce the day, after a
gloomy night;
If you need a hue to dye your
matutinal glow,
Pour my blood and at the right
moment spread it so,
And gild it with a reflection of your
nascent light
My dreams, when scarcely a lad
adolescent,
My dreams when already a youth, full
of vigor to attain,
Were to see you, Gem of the Sea of
the Orient,

Your dark eyes dry, smooth brow held

to a high plane,
Without frown,without wrinkles and of
shame without stain.
My life's fancy, my ardent, passionate
desire,
Hail! Cries out the soul to you, that
will soon part from thee;
Hail! How sweet 'tis to fall that
fullness you may acquire;
To die to give you life, 'neath
your skies to expire,
And in thy mystic land to sleep
through eternity!
If over my tomb someday, you
would see blow,
A simple humble flower amidst
thick grasses,
Bring it up to your lips and kiss
my soul so,
And under the cold tomb, I may
feel on my brow,
Warmth of your breath, a whiff of
thy tenderness.
Let the moon with soft, gentle
light me descry,
Let the dawn send forth its
fleeting, brilliant light,
In murmurs grave allow the wind
to sigh,
And should a bird descend on my
cross and alight,
Let the bird intone a song of
peace o'er my site.
Let the burning sun the raindrops
vaporize
And with my clamor behind
return pure to the sky;
Let a friend shed tears over my
early demise;

And on quiet afternoons when

one prays for me on high,
Pray too, oh, my Motherland,
that in God may rest I.
Pray thee for all the hapless who
have died,
For all those who unequalled
torments have undergone;
For our poor mothers who in
bitterness have cried;
For orphans, widows and
captives to tortures were shied,
And pray too that you may see
your own redemption.
And when the dark night wraps
the cemetery
And only the dead to vigil there
are left alone,
Don't disturb their repose,
disturb not the mystery:
If thou hear the sounds of cithern
or psaltery,
It is I, dear Country, who, a song t'you
intone.
And when my grave by all is no more
remembered,
With neither cross nor stone to mark its
place,
Let it be plowed by man, with spade let
it be scattered
And my ashes ere to nothingness are
restored,

Let them turn to dust to cover thy

earthly space.
Then it doesn't matter that you should
forget me:
Your atmosphere, your skies, your
vales I'll sweep;
Vibrant and clear note to your ears I
shall be:
Aroma, light, hues, murmur, song,
moanings deep,
Constantly repeating the essence of
the faith I keep.
My idolized Country, for whom I most
gravely pine,
Dear Philippines, to my last goodbye,
oh, harken
There I leave all: my parents, loves of
mine,
I'll go where there are no slaves,
tyrants or hangmen
Where faith does not kill and where God
alone does reign.
Farewell, parents, brothers, beloved by
me,
Friends of my childhood, in the home
distressed;
Give thanks that now I rest from the
wearisome day;
Farewell, sweet stranger, my friend, who
brightened my way;
Farewell to all I love; to die is to rest.

Execution of rizal

1. THE EXECUTION OF A HERO: DR. JOSE P. RIZAL

2. Introduction In 1886, Rizal published in Berlin a Tagalog novel in the Spanish language
with the title Noli Me Tangere, a book that overflows with hatred against the mother
country. In it, he lashes at the Spaniards with the most infamous insults, defiles the
Catholic religion and attempts to prove that the Philippine nation can never be civilized
as long as it is ruled by those whom he calls decadent and contemptible Castilians. It
goes without saying that after the authorities received knowledge of it, the distribution of
this work in the islands was forthwith prohibited. The sequel to Rizals Noli came off the
press by the middle of September 1891, entitled El Filibusterismo. In veneration of the
three priests, he dedicated the book to them. However, Rizal succeeded in eluding the

government order and in distributing the book throughout the archipelago - with the
foreseeable deleterious effects.
3. The Trial and Martyrdom of Rizal
November 3, 1896-Rizal arrived in Manila with the steamer Colon.
Rizal was brought to Fort Santiago pending the persecution of his case.
The Spanish authorities were very much preoccupied with the gathering and
fabrication of evidences to be used against him.
4. The Preliminary Investigation
Colonel Francisco Olive, the Judge Advocate of the Spanish military tribunal, summoned
Rizal to appear before him on November 20, 1896.
Two kinds of evidences brought up against
Rizal
- Documentary
-Testimonial
The Investigation took 5 days
After 6 days, Rafael Dominquez evaluated the case and a prima facie case was against
Rizal, for the crime of rebellion and formation of illegal organization.
The judge Nicolas dela Pena, gave Rizal some recommendations to Governor Blanco
Accused be kept under the custody of law
Accused be brought to trial
Order of attachment be issued against his property
Accused be defended in court by an army officer
5. The Arraignment of Rizal
On December 8, 1896, Rizal was informed that his arraignment was set on
December 11,1896.
Rizal pleaded not guilty to the crime charges against him.
6. The Trial of Rizal
Trial commenced on December 19, 1896 for prosecution.
Taviel de Andrade defended Rizal by saying that the alleged accusations were biased.
Rizal was found guilty beyond reasonable doubt and to be condemned to death by a
firing squad.
7. Rizals Trial and His Alleged Guilt
-Rizal was a civilian but was tried by a military tribunal
-Rizal was already condemned guilty even before the trial
-All allegations against Rizal were accepted by the court but not the arguments and
evidence in his favor
-Rizal was not allowed to confront witness against him nor his counsel to cross-examine
them
-Evidence to convict Rizal didnt have any bearing on his alleged commission of the
complex crime of rebellion
8. Rizals Last day
Rizal spent his last 24 hours in his death cell where he received members of his family
and writes his letter of farewell, the first one to his "second brother Ferdinand
Blumentritt. He gave his sister, Trinidad, an old petroleum lamp and whispered to her in
English that there is something inside the lamp. Thus is Rizals famous farewell poem Mi
Ultimo Adios", (Last Farewell) was found.
Rizal said to have married his Irish girlfriend Josephine Bracken according to catholic
rites in the very last hours of his life.

9. The Old Lamp given to Trinidad

10. The Execution of Dr. Jose Rizal
A few minutes before seven on the morning of December 30, Dr. Jose Rizal walked from
Fort Santiago to Bagumbayan Field (now the Luneta). His arms were tied behind his back.
His head was erect, his conscience was clear, and there was a smile on his lips. Beside
him walked Lt. Luis de Andrade, who had defended him in the trial, Fathers Vilaclara and
March. Before and behind him were soldiers.
11. Rizal, ready and calm, took his position opposite his executioners. His last words
were those of Jesus Christ: consummatum est,--it is finished. Then Roll of drums and a
volley of artillery accompany the firing of the soldiers. And even at the moment of his
fall, Rizal turns his body so that he ends up lying on his back, with his face to the sun.
The elegant Spanish ladies wave their handkerchiefs, the Gentlemen applaud. And while
the Filipinos see the execution in enraged silence, calls of "Viva Espaa!" resound
thunderously.
12. Rizal was secretly buried in Paco Cemetery in Manila with no identification on his
grave. His sister Narcisa toured all possible gravesites and found freshly turned earth at
the cemetery with guards posted at the gate. Assuming this could be the most likely
spot, there never having any ground burials, she made a gift to the caretaker to mark the
site "RPJ", Rizals initials in reverse.