Energy consumption

Mtoe of energy consumed by each country

China
United States
India
Russia
Japan
Germany
Brazil
South Korea
Canada

percentage % energy consumption by the U.S

Renewable energy

Nuclear Power

percentage %
Natural Gas

Petroleum

Coal

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

At present, oil accounts for 40% of total energy consumption in the United States. Coal provides
23% and natural gas provides 22% of our energy. Another 8% comes from nuclear power plants.
Renewable energy sources round out the roster, accounting for 7% of consumption mostly as
the result of hydropower investments made in the last century and the use of biomass (organic
matter such as wood, municipal waste, and agricultural crops) for energy production.
Those sources and their proportions will have to change eventually, since the planet's known
supplies of fossil fuels are limited. But during the next couple of decades, the nation's energy
menu is unlikely to be substantially different from today's assuming business as usual
conditions.
That may be a lot to assume: Energy prices and availability aren't solely determined by the size
of the supply. They're also affected by the economy, possible new laws and regulations
governing energy choices (such as emissions of carbon dioxide and other gases), worldwide
demand, the policies and political stability of petroleum-rich nations, lifestyle choices and

business decisions, climate change, and the pace of developments in science and engineering.
Any of these factors can change in a very short period of time.

percentage % energy consumption by India

Biomass
Nuclear and renewable energy
percentage %

Natural Gas
Petroleum
Coal
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

In 2011, India was the fourth largest energy consumer in the world after the United States, China,
and Russia. India's economy grew at an annual rate of approximately 7 percent since 2000 and
proved relatively resilient to the 2008 global financial crisis. India was the 10th largest economy
in the world in 2011, as measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP). In the
International Energy Outlook 2011, EIA projects India and China to account for the biggest share
of Asian energy demand growth through 2035. Risks to economic growth in India include high
debt levels, infrastructure deficiencies, and political polarization between the country's two
largest political parties.
India's energy policy above all focuses on securing energy sources to meet the needs of its
growing economy. Primary energy consumption has more than doubled between 1990 and 2011.
At the same time, India's per capita energy consumption remains lower than that of developed
countries, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). Given that the service industry
accounts for more than half of India's output, further economic growth could remain relatively
non-energy intense.

percentage % energy consumption by the UK

Natural Gas

Petroleum
percentage %

Renewable energy

Coal

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

The United Kingdom (UK) is the largest producer of oil and the second-largest producer of
natural gas in the European Union (EU). Following years of exports of both fuels, the UK
became a net importer of natural gas and crude oil in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Production
from UK oil and natural gas fields peaked in the late 1990s and has declined steadily over the
past several years, as the discovery of new reserves and new production have not kept pace with
the maturation of existing fields.
The UK government, aware of the country's increasing reliance on imported fuels, has developed
key energy policies to address the domestic production declines. These include: using enhanced
recovery from current and maturing oil and gas fields, promoting energy efficiency, decreasing

the use of fossil fuels and thus reliance on imports, promoting energy trade cooperation with
Norway, and decarbonizing the UK economy by investing heavily in renewable energy.
However, for the UK to decarbonize its economy, huge investments in the energy infrastructure
are needed.