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CHAPTER V
ANALYSIS OF
STRUCTURE
A.
b.
Once in the open program ETABS version 9, it will display the "Tip of
the Day" as in figure 5.1, if you want to bring up a box that each first
open the program ETABS version 9 then remove the existing code in
the box "Show Tips at Startup", then click OK to open a new
worksheet.
c.
Then click New Model on the toolbar to open a new working model,
see figure 5.2. Then after exit diaolog New Model click No to
continue, see the picture 5.3.
After you click No in the dialog box before the New Model Initialization dialog box
will appear Building Plan Grid System and Story Data Definition. After that, enter
the data as follows:
1) Number of stories (number of floors)
=4
= 3.5 m
= 4.95 m
Once inserted the data - the data, click Custome Grid Spacing to edit
the grid. After clicking the Grid Spacing Custome then enter the
distance - the distance that the direction of the reference axis of the Xaxis and Y-axis unidirectional For Grid Display box as it is, there are
two options, namely ordinates to determine the distance using the
coordinate axes, and also Spacing to determine the distance to
mengguanakan distance between axis method. After the contents of
all, click ok.
Figure 5.4. "Building Plan Grid System and Story Data Definition"
b.
Once that stage is complete then click OK, it will display the image
axis - the axis that has been in the last input as shown in Figure 5.6.
Structure Analysis
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Structure Analysis
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After clicking the Add Rectangular, then fill in the data Section Name,
Materials and Dimension to plan dimensional beam or column to be
made.
Beam profile data input B1 (250 x 400 mm), refer to Figure 5.13
For beam profile Beam click on the Design Type dialog box
Reinforcement Data. Then input the data concreate Center to Rebar
Center (thick concrete cover), for the Top and Bottom filled 0,004m as
in Figure 5.14.
f.
= D16
Click on the Define menu, then select the Wall / Slab / Deck Section.
See Figure 5.17.
After that, choose Define Slab / Deck section on the dialog box, then
click
Add New Slab. See Figure 5.18 below.
After that fill the existing data in the dialog box Wall / Slab section,
as follows:
1) Section Name (profile name)
= Plat 12 mm
= Concreate
3) Thickness (thickness)
Membrane
= 0.12 m
Bending
= 0.12 m
b.
In the dialog box Define Response Spectrum function, click Add User
Spectrum. For the type of earthquake in Indonesia is not contained in
ETABS therefore need to be made. See Figure 5.21.
Select the Define menu, then click Static Load Case. See pictures
5:23.
Input type - the type of work load and also the type - the type in the
dialog box Define Static Load Case Names. Type - the type that the
contents are as follows:
1) Add New Load to add the type of work load.
2) Auto Lateral Load, for the selected seismic load Users coeffisient
Load and then click Modify. See Figure 5.24.
In the Users dialog box definied Seismic Loading. Click the EQ-X
earthquake load, then select Modify Lateral Load (to change the
direction of the earthquake). Similarly, the EQ-Y earthquake. See
Figure 5.25 and Figure 5.26.
Figure 5.25. "User Menu definied Seismic Loading (for direction X)"
To determine the direction of the earthquake earthquake Y see Figure 5.26.
Figure 5.26. "User Menu definied Seismic Loading (for direction Y)"
8. Determining Spectrum Earthquake (Response Spectrum Case)
a.
Clicking define the menubar, then select Respone Spectrum Case. See
pictures 5:27.
Structure Analysis
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After clicking Respone Spectrum Spectra, then you will see a dialog
box and then click Define Respone Spectra Add New Spectrum to
make new arrangements for the data - the data that will be an
earthquake in the region in the analysis. See Figure 5.28.
After that fill the data in the dialog box Respone Spectrum data,
entered data is as follows:
1) Spectrum Case Name,
2) Model Combination
= CQC
3) Directional Combination
= SRSs
(A)
(B)
Figure 5.29. (A) and (b) "Data Input Response Spectrum Case Data"
9. Combination determine Imposition
For this type of loading combinations taken from ISO earthquake, a
step input is as berikiut this combination:
a.
Select define menu, then select the Load Combination. Look at Figure
5.30.
b.
This will bring up a dialog box Define the Load Combination, then fill
in all combinations by clicking the Add New Combination in advance.
See Figure 5.31.
Enter the data - combining the data loading, while the box - the box
that the contents are as follows:
1) Load Combination Name
= COMB1
= ADD
3) Define Combination
a) Case Name, which is the name that will be used for load
combinations.
b) Scale Factor, namely the magnitude of the load ratio in a
combination.
After completing the Case Name and Scale Factor, click Add in
order to load it listed on loading the Case Name list, if you want to
change the scale factor or the Case Name of the list then click Modify.
After completion of all click OK to proceed to the next combination.
For combination - a combination of the other load using step the same steps, only the type and magnitude Case Name Scale Factor
different - different. See pictures 5:32.
Click the Draw menu, and select Draw Line Object and then choose
Create in Region at Click (plane) as shown in Figure 5.33. There is
another way of describing the columns in addition to the previous
way, ie directly clicking the icon Create in Region at Click (plane)
.Then navigate the cursor to the point of the column will be drawn,
b.
When finished put the column - the column planned it will appear as
Figure 5:34
Figure 5:34. Look after all the columns have been in the picture
11. Drawing Beams Beams Parent and Child
Once the drawing is complete column, the next step is to describe the
beam and joists, steps - steps to describe the beam and joists are as
follows:
a.
Click the Draw Line Object, then select the Draw Lines. See Figure
5:35.
b.
After clicking the Draw Lines, then draw the grid lines
- Existing grid as planned. See Figure 5:36.
Figure 5.35b. ETABS look after all the beams are drawn
12. Drawing Plate
Because the building using concrete plate to the floor, then it must
be planned type plate. Step - step plan of the plate is as follows:
a.
Click the Draw Area Object, then select Create Areas at Click.
Then select the property for Slab. See Figure 5:36.
b.
Then click the part - the part that will be given plate. See pictures
5:37.
Click all Joint or Block all joint on Basement floor, and then click
Assign Joint / Point and select Restraints (support). Look at Figure
5:38.
b.
Click on a plate to be inserted dead load and live load, by clicking the
Assign Shell / Area Loads, then select the uniform (due to the same
bebanya large / uniform). See Figure 5:41.
After that will come the Uniform Surface Loads dialog box, and then
select the Load Case Name (type of load that will be included). Then
in the box Uniform Loads enter the load in accordance with the
existing analytical calculations in Chapter IV. Box - the box provided
in the Uniform Surface Loads dialog box are as follows:
1) Add Existing loads to add to the burden
2) Replace Ecisting Loads to replace the load.
3) Dellete Existing Loads
inserted.
To be more clear See Figure 5:42. (A) and (b)
(A)
(B)
5:42 Fig. (A) and (b). Input load is divided evenly for dead
load and live
Click the frame that will put the burden of the wall, and then select
Assign - Frame Line / Loads - Distributed (because the wall is load
evenly distributed). See Figure 5:43.
Structure Analysis
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Select Analyze on the menu bar, then click Set Analysis Option.
As in Figure 5:45.
In the Analysis Options dialog box, give check all the Building Active
Degrees of Freedom and also Chek on Dynamic Analysis, by ignoring
the effect of P(Deformation caused by the earthquake). When
finished click OK, as shown in Figure 5:46.
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Once done click on Run, then the image will appear as in Figure 5:48.
a.
Select the Display menu and then click Show Loads Frame / Line, as
in Figure 5:49.
Then click OK in the dialog box Show Frame / Line Loads, seen in
Figure 5:50.
To display the seismic load select the Display menu, and select
Show Loads Joint / Point, as shown in Figure 5:51.
then in the dialog box Show Joint / Point Loads select Load Case
which will be seen, and then click OK. see Figure 5:52.
(A)
(B)
To display the load plate, click the Display Show Loads Shell / Area,
as in Figure 5:53.
f.
then in the dialog box Show Shell / Area Loads select Load Case
which will be seen, and then click OK. see Figure 5:54.
Click Design, and then select Concrate Frame Design, then click
Start Design / Check of Structure. Look at Figure 5.60.
Click View on the Menu Bar select Set Building View Options. As
shown in Figure 5.62 and 5.63.
Structure Analysis
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