Question

Rubric

1(a)

Group 17
Atom has 7 valence electrons
Period 2
Atom has 2 shells filled with electrons
2Fe + 3B2 2FeB3 // 2Fe + 3Cl2 2 FeCl3
Correct formula of reactants and product
Balanced equation
1. Element A more reactive than element B
2. Atomic size A is smaller than B
3. The nucleus force of attraction toward electrons
become stronger// The attraction forces between
proton and electrons become stronger
4. Easier to receive electrons
1. Hydrogen atom has an electron arrangement of 1.
2. Nitrogen atom has an electron arrangement of 2.5.
3. Hydrogen and nitrogen atoms share electrons to
achieve stable duplet/ octet electron arrangement.
4. One hydrogen atom contributes one electron for
sharing,
5. One nitrogen atom contributes three electrons for
sharing.
6. One nitrogen atom share electrons with three
hydrogen atoms.
[Sample of answer:
One nitrogen atom contributes three valence
electrons, while three hydrogen atoms, each
contributes one valence electronto be
sharedto achieve stable electron arrangement
]
1. Boiling point of ammonia is lower than the room
temperature// ammonia has low boiling point.
2. Ammonia exists as molecule// covalent compound.
3. Weak intermolecular/ Van der Waals forces
between molecules.
4. Little/ less heat energy needed to overcome the
force.

1
1
1
1
1
1

Rubric

Marks

(i)

(ii)
(iii)

1(b)

(i)

(ii)

Question
2(a)

2(b)

(i)

Marks

Group 2
Atom has 2 valence electrons
Period 3
Atom has3 shells filled with electrons
Atom neon has the electron arrangement of 2.8
It has stable octet electron arrangement
It does not donate, receive, or share electron with
other elements
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Total
marks
4

2
4

1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Total
marks
4

2(c)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

3(a)

3(b)

Chlorine atom has electron arrangement of 2.8.7

It will attract one electron to outermost shell to
achieve stable octet electron arrangement of 2.8.8
Potasium moves very rapidly and randomly on
water surface with hiss sound and explodes with
pop sound to produce potassium hydroxide
solution and hydrogen gas
2K + 3H2O 2KOH + H2

1
1
1
1
1
1

Potassium burns vigourously in oxygen with bright,

lilac flame and produce a white solid that is
potassium oxide.
4K + O2 2K2O

1
1

Potassium burns vigourously in chlorine with

bright, lilac flame and produce a white solid that is
potassium chloride.

1
1

2K + Cl2 2KCl

Z, Y and X
1. Z, Y, and X have three shells / in the same period
2. The proton number //positive charges in the nucleus increases
3. The forces of attraction between the nucleus and the electrons in the
shells increase
4. The shells filled with electrons are pulled nearer to the nucleus.
[Any two correct answers from 2,3,and 4]
1. The electron arrangement of atom X is 2.1 and atom Y is 2.4
2. Atom X donates the one valence electron to achieve the stable
duplet electron/ electron arrangement of 2
3. An X+ ion is formed / X X+ + e4. One atom of Y will receive 2 electrons to achieve the octet electron
arrangement
5. An Y4- ion is formed / Y + 4e- Y46. X+ ion and Y4- ion will attract each other by strong electrostatic
force to form ionic bond
7. A ionic compound X4Y is formed.
[or correct illustration of electron arrangement in the compound]

3(c)
(i)

Number of shells
Electron arrangement
2

1
3

1
1
2

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1

3(c)
(ii)

Melting point
Compound in (b) has higher melting point.
Compound in (c) has low melting point.
Explanation
In compound (b), ions are held together by strong electrostatic forces.
In compound (c), molecules are held together by weak intermolecular
forces / van der Waals forces
Electric conductivity
Compound in (b) can conduct electricity in molten or aqueous solution
only.
Compound in (c) does not conduct electricity.
Explanation
Compound (b) : In molten or aqueous solution, ions can move freely.
Compound (c) : Only consist of neutral molecules/ no free moving ions.

8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Section C
Question

Rubric

1(a)

(b)

(i)

Marks

X neon
Y- Argon
Neon is used in advertising lights
Argon is used to fill light bulbs
X reacts with water to produce hydroxide X, XOH
and hydrogen X
X burns in oxygen to produce X oxide, X2O
X burns in chlorine gas to produce X chloride, XCl
Y dissolves in water to produce HY solution and
HOY solution
Y reacts with sodium hydroxide solution to form
NaY and NaOYand water
Y reacts with hot iron wool to produce FeY3

1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1

(ii)

(iii)

Total
marks
4

8
Element
X
Y
Electron arrangement
2.8.1
2.8.7
Number of period
3
3
Name of group
Alkali metal
Halogen
Metallic properties
Metal
Non- metal
The proton number of atom Y is greater than that
of atom X.
The attractive between nucleus of atom Y and the
electron is stronger than atom X

2
2
2
2
1
1

Question
3(a)

(b)

(c)

Rubric
P is an ionic compound , the particles in it are ions.
Strong ionic bonds hold the ions together.
It has high melting and boiling points because a lot of
energy is required to break the strong ionic bonds
between ions.
It is soluble in water because the ions can form polar
bonds with water molecules.
Q is a covalent compound, the particles in it are
molecules.
Covalent bonds exist in Q molecules.
It has low melting and boiling points because little energy
is required to break the weak intermolecular
forces between molecules.
It is insoluble in water because the molecules cannot
form bonds with water molecules.
P cannot conduct electricity because the ions are held by
the strong ionic bonds, and are not free to move.
P can conduct electricity in the molten state because heat
energy overcomes the ionic bonds and the ions are able to
move freely.
P can conduct electricity in the aqueous state because the
water molecules separate the ions and the ions are able to
move freely
Q is not a conductor of electricity in any state.
This is because Q consists of molecules, there are no
freely moving ions.
Apparatus and materials : Thermometer, beaker, boiling
tube, stopwatch, Bunsen burner, tripod stand,
water,compound Q
Labelled diagram:

1 to3 spatulas of compound Q are placed in a boiling tube.

2 The boiling tube is then put in a water bath. The water
isheated up and a stopwatch is started
3 The temperature is recorded at 30-second intervals until
it reaches 90 C.
4 Compound Q is stirred continuously during the heating.
4

Marks
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

Total
marks
4

 5 A graph of temperature against time is plotted. The

melting point of Q is the temperature that corresponds to
the horizontal portion of the graph.