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B. Cycloid
The cycloid is the locus of a point on the rim of a circle of
radius a rolling along a straight line [7].
873
C. Hypocycloid
A hypocycloid is defined to be the path traced out by a point
P on the edge of a circle of radius b rolling on the inside of a
fixed circle of radius a [7].
D. Epicycloids profile:
a +b
R (t ) = (a + b )cos t b cos(
t ) i
b
a +b
+ (a + b )sin t b sin(
t ) j
b
D. Epicycloid
An epicycloid is defined to be the path traced out by a point
P on the edge of a circle of radius b rolling on the outside of
a fixed circle of radius a [7].
V A
3
is radius of curvature.
(cos t + t sin t )i
R (t ) = a
+(sin t t cos t ) j
(cos t t sin t )i
A (t ) = a
+(sin t + t cos t ) j
i
V A = a
t cos t
cos t t sin t
B. Cycloid profile:
R (t ) = a (t sin t )i + (1 cos t ) j
j
t sin t
sin t + t cos t
C. Hypocycloid profile:
a b
R (t ) = (a b )cos t + b cos(
t ) i
b
a b
t ) j
+ (a b )sin t b sin(
b
V A
V
a 2t 2 1
=
a 3t 3 at
(t ) = at <<
874
k
0
0
V A = (a b ) 2
Cycloid:
R (t ) = a (t sin t )i + (1 cos t ) j
V (t ) = a (1 cos t )i + (sin t ) j
A (t ) = a (sin t )i + (cos t ) j
i
j
k
2
V A = a 1 cos t sin t 0
sin t
cos t 0
a b
a b
t ) cos t cos(
t)
b
b
cos t
sin t
a b
a b
a b
a b
t) +
t)
cos(
sin(
b
b
b
b
a 2b
V A
1
=
b
=
3
(
)
a
b
2 2
V
= a 2 (cos t 1)
V = a (1 + cos 2 t 2 cos t ) + sin 2 t
1 + sin t sin(
a 2 (1 cos t )
0
0
= a 2(1 cos t )
V A
sin t sin(
a b
a b
t ) cos t cos(
t)
b
b
a 3 2 2(1 cos t ) 2
1
=
2 2a (1 cos t )
a
2 2(a b ) 1 cos( t )
b
(t ) =
a b
1 +
b
a
2 2b (a b ) 1 cos( t )
b <<
=
a 2b
(t ) = 2 2a (1 cos t )
= 4a sin( t ) <<
2
Hypocycloid:
a b
R (t ) = (a b )cos t + b cos(
t ) i
b
a b
t ) j
+ (a b )sin t b sin(
b
a b
V (t ) = (a b )sin t (a b )sin(
t ) i
b
Epicycloid:
a +b
R (t ) = (a + b )cos t b cos(
t ) i
b
a +b
+ (a + b )sin t b sin(
t ) j
b
a +b
V (t ) = (a + b )sin t + (a + b )sin(
t ) i
b
a b
t ) j
+ (a b )cos t (a b )cos(
b
(a b )
a b
A (t ) = (a b )cos t
t ) i
cos(
b
b
a +b
t ) j
+ (a + b )cos t (a + b )cos(
b
(a + b )2
a +b
A (t ) = (a + b )cos t +
t ) i
cos(
b
b
a b
(a b )2
t ) j
sin(
+ (a b )sin t +
b
b
a +b
(a + b )2
t ) j
+ (a + b )sin t +
sin(
b
b
875
(d p ) p = 2.5 20 = 50mm
V A = (a + b ) 2
(d p ) g = 2.5 50 = 125mm
i
a +b
a +b
t ) cos t cos(
t)
b
b
cos t
sin t
a +b
a +b
a +b
a +b
+
t) +
t)
cos(
sin(
b
b
b
b
a + 2b
V A
1
=
=
b
3
(
a
+
b
)
2 2
V
sin t + sin(
= at
t = 20 =
rad
p = (rb ) p t = 23.5
g = (rb ) g t = 58.73
a +b
a +b
1 sin t sin(
t ) cos t cos(
t)
b
b
= 8.2mm
= 20.5mm
Cycloid:
= 4a sin(t 2)
2 2b (a + b )
a + 2b
1 sin t sin(
y = rp rb
a +b
a +b
t ) cos t cos(
t)
b
b
gear : y =
1
sin t sin(xt ) = (cos(1 + x )t cos(x 1)t )
2
1
cos t cos( xt ) = (cos(1 + x )t + cos(x 1)t )
2
+
a +b
a
cos(x 1)t = cos(
1)t = cos( t )
b
b
a
2 2b (a + b ) 1 cos( t )
b <<
(t ) =
a + 2b
y
y
= 1 cos t cos t = 1
a
a
y
t = cos 1 (1 ) t = 0.36rad
a
Hypocycloid:
y =aR
if : a = 4b
2 2 3b 2 1 cos(4t )
=
2b
R = x2+y2
= b (3cos t cos 3t ) 2 + (3sin t sin 3t ) 2
R = b 10 + 6(cos t cos 3t sin t sin 3t )
= b 10 + 3cos 4t
y = a R = 4b R = b (4 10 + 3cos 4t )
t = 0.104rad
876
pinion : 29.04mm
gear : 72.6mm
b=
= 2.64 105 m
2 100
Pmax =
20 103 2.64 105
= 120.57Mpa
( max ) y , z = 120.57 Mpa
Epicycloids:
y = R a
if : a = 5b
2 2 6b 2 1 cos(5t )
=
7b
R = x2+y2
= b (6cos t cos 6t )2 + (6sin t sin 6t )2
Hypocycloid:
= 3.47 105 m
2 100
Pmax =
20 103 3.47 105
= 91.73Mpa
( max ) y ,z = 91.73Mpa
y = R a = R 5b = b ( 37 12cos 5t 5)
t = 0.066rad
pinion :13.21mm
=
gear : 33.03mm
Epicycloid:
Involute:
b=
2F (1 12 ) E 1 + (1 2 2 ) E 2
l
1 d1 + 1 d 2
2 100
2(1 0.32 ) 200 109
= 2.34 105 m
2 100
20 103 2.34 105
= 136.03Mpa
( max ) y ,z = 136.03Mpa
Pmax =
2 100
2(1 0.32 ) 200 109
b=
Pmax
2 100
2(1 0.32 ) 200 109
b=
= b 37 12cos5t
b=
2 100
2(1 0.32 ) 200 109
2F
=
bl
2 100
Pmax =
20 103 1.842 105
= 172.8Mpa
( max ) y ,z = 172.8Mpa
Cycloid:
877
consider larger semi-cylinder as target and smaller semicylinder as contact. For solution these examples we use
Lagrange or penalty method. Then enter material properties
( E = 200Gpa , = 0.3 ) [4], [5].
After explaining the method of modeling examples in
ANSYS, represent some figure of modeling process and
results.
878
VI. RESULT
stress in y direction
200
180
160
stress(Mpa)
140
TABLE I
profile
Involute
Cycloid
Hypocycloid
Epicycloid
172.8
120.6
136.03
91.7
120
100
80
Error
(percent)
60
1.1
6.2
4.4
3.2
20
175
113
142
94.7
40
0
0
50
100
150
200
mathematical
d(mm)
ANSYS
Pow er (mathematical)
Pow er (ANSYS)
Involute
Cycloid
Hypocycloid
Epicycloid
172.8
120.6
136.03
91.7
Error
(percent)
180
122
125
86
100
4
1.2
8
6.2
profile
60
40
103.7
72.3
81.6
55
50
107
66
85
54.1
160
140
120
100
80
Pmax =
60
40
d(mm)
2F
bl
b=
2F 2(1 2 ) E
l 1 d1 + 1 d 2
Pmax Pmax b
=
d 1
b
d 1
20
0
150
ANSYS
180
100
200
mathematical
Pow er (ANSYS)
stress in z direction
50
150
Pow er (mathematical)
3.2
8.7
4
1.6
200
100
d(mm)
Error
(percent)
stress(Mpa)
80
20
TABLE III
STRESS IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
Mathematical
ANSYS
(Mpa)
(Mpa)
Involute
Cycloid
Hypocycloid
Epicycloid
stress in x direction
120
stress(Mpa)
profile
TABLE II
STRESS IN TANGENTIAL DIRECTION
Mathematical
ANSYS
(Mpa)
(Mpa)
200
mathematical
ANSYS
Pow er (mathematical)
Pow er (ANSYS)
879
d 2 0.5
E
1
(
) 32
2
d1
4(1 ) d 1 + d 2
Pmax Pmax b
=
d 2
b
d 2
=
d
d 1 0.5
E
1
) 32
(
2
d2
4(1 ) d 1 + d 2
Pmax
880