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Cu2+
Blue
Fe2+
Green
Fe3+
Brown
Colour
of gas
Smell of gas
Oxygen
Colourles
s
No smell
Hydrogen
Colourles
s
No smell
Carbon dioxide
Colourles
s
No smell
Ammonia
Colourles
s
Pungent
Chlorine
Greenish- Choking
yellow
Hydrogen
Chloride
Colourles
s
Pungent
Sulphur dioxide
Colourles
s
Pungent
Nitrogen dioxide
Brown
Pungent
Effect on
Confirmatio
damp litmus n test on
gas
No effect
Rekindles a
glowing
wooden splint
No effect
Produce
pop sound
with a lighted
wooden splint
Damp blue
Lime water
litmus turns
turn milky
to red
Damp red
Forms white
litmus turn
fume with
blue
concentrated
HCI vapour
Damp blue
litmus turns
red
Damp blue
Forms white
litmus turns
fumes with
red
concentrated
NH3 vapour
Damp blue
Decolourises
litmus turns
purple colour
red
of acidified
potassium
manganate(V
II) solution
Damp blue
litmus turns
red
Observation
White ppt soluble
White ppt insolube
White ppt soluble
White ppt insoluble
Green ppt insoluble in
NaOH and NH3
Brown ppt insoluble in
NaOH and NH3
Blue ppt insoluble in
NaOH but soluble in NH3
to form dark blue color
No ppt form, but NH3
gas evolves when
heated
Inference
Zn2+/Al3+/Pb2+
Ca2+/Mg2+
Zn2+
Al3+/Pb2+/Mg2+
Fe2+
Fe3+
Cu2+
NH4+
Specific reagent
KI, NaI
NH4+
Fe2+
Nessler reagent
Potassium
hexacynoferrate (II),
K4Fe(CN)6
Potassium
hexacynoferrate (III),
K3Fe(CN)6
Pottasium thiocynate,
KSCN
K4Fe(CN)6
K3Fe(CN)6
Fe3+
Observation
Yellow ppt, soluble in
hot water
Brown ppt
Light blue ppt