Journal No.

: 01

Date: 12/02/2012
CharacterizationofPaintsystem

Part 1: Non-volatile matter content for liquid paint (ASTM D 2697):

Aim

: Determination of Non-volatile matter in given paint system (E-201).

Apparatus

: Empty dish, Weight balance, Paint sample, Acetone, Tissue paper, heating oven.

Significance of experiment: This test gives information about Non- volatile matter present in the
given paint system. From which we can obtain weight or volume of dry paint obtained
for different paint systems. From which amount of paint required for per unit area
for particular coating thickness can be obtained.
Procedure

1. Prepare a paint system by adding resin and solvent and stir it properly with glass rod.
2. Clean the empty dish with acetone.
3. Weigh empty dish with pin. Note this weight as (W1).
4. Pour some paint into dish spread it properly with pin and weigh (W2).
5. Calculate weight of wet paint, W3=W2-W1.
6. Now put this dish into oven which is set at 1200C for drying for 90 minutes.
7. Weigh the dish with paint after drying and note the weight as (W4)
8. Calculate weight of dry paint, W5=W2-W4.
9. Calculate % Non-volatile matter,
Weigt of dry paint ( WS )
%NVM
Weigt of wet paint (W3 )
Observations
:
1. Weight of empty dish (W1)
: 11.0600 gm
=
2. Weight of dish + Wet paint sample (W2)
: 11.6700 gm
3. Weight of weight paint (W3 = W2-W1)

: 0.6100 gm

4. Weight of Dish + paint after drying (W4)

: 11.3980 gm

5. Weight of Dry paint (W5 = W2-W4)

: 0.2800 gm

6. % NVM = (0.2800*100) / 0.6100 = 45.901 %

Results

: Given paint system contains 45.901 % by weight Non-volatile matter.

Weightperlitre(ASTMD792)
Aim

: To measure the density of given paint system (E201 epoxy

PV) Apparatus

: Pycnometer, weighing machine

Significance of experiment:
1. Density is weight per unit volume. It is a key property in the identification,
characterization, and quality control of a wide range of materials. Density measurements
in terms of weight per gallon are commonly used to check paint quality.
2. This test is particularly applicable when the fluid has too high a viscosity or when
a component is too volatile for a density balance determination.
Procedure

1. An empty pycnometer is taken and its weight is measured.W1 = 48.70 g

2. Now it is filled with the paint and weight is measured W2 = 153.2939 g
3. Hence the weight of the paint sample is given by W1-W2 = W3=104.59 g
4. As the volume of pycnometer is 100ml its density is given by W3/100 = 1.0459 kg/l

Results

: The density of given paint sample (E201-epoxy-PV) = 1.0459 kg/l

Journal No.: 1

Date: 12/02/2014
VolumeSolids(ASTMD2697)

Aim:

To find out percentage of volume solid

Apparatus: Analytical Balance (for weighing both in air and water), Steel Disk with a fine hole
(for support), Beaker, Support for holding the beaker
Significance of experiment: Volume solid is a concept in paint indicating its true volume. Paint
contains solvent, resin, pigments and additives. After applying the paint, the solvent portion
will be evaporated out and only the solid portion will be left on the substrate. Volume solid
is the term which indicates the proportion of the solid contacting the paint on a volume
basis. This value is useful for comparing the coverage (square feet of surface covered at a
specified dry film thickness per unit volume) obtainable with different coating
products.Thus in this experiment the volume solid content is found out for the given paint.
Procedure:

1) Determine the weight of nonvolatile content (NVM) of the liquid coating

by drying 1.5 hrs at 120C.
2) Determine weight per litre of the paint sample (WPL).
2) Weigh the disc in air (W1) and in water (W2).
3) Dip the disc in the given paint making sure there are no air bubbles.
4) Dry the coated disc at 120C for 1.5 hrs and then cool.
5) Weigh the disc in air (W3) and in water (W4) again after cooling.

Calculations: Disc Weight in air (W1): 18.4337g

Disc Weight in water (W2): 16.06g
Weight in air after coating (W3): 18.8420g
Weight in water after coating (W4): 16.16g
Volume of weight air coating (V1) = (W1-W2) =
2.3737g Volume of water wet coating (V2) = (W3-W4)
= 2.682g Volume of dry paint (VD) = (V2-V1) =
0.3083g
Volume of wet paint (VW) = (W3-W1) / (NVM X WPL) = 0.408/(45.901 X 1.0459)
-3
= 8.50 x 10
%Volume solid = (VD/VW) X 100 = 36.24%
Results:
36.24%

Volume solid content of the given paint is

Journal No.: 1

Date: 12/02/2014
ViscositybyFordcupB4(ASTM1200)

Aim

: To determination of the viscosity of Newtonian or near-Newtonian paints,

varnishes, lacquers, and related liquid materials with the Ford-type efflux viscosity cup.
Apparatus

: Ford Viscosity CupsNos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, Thermometer, Timing

Device. Significance Of experiment:

This test method is useful for the determination of package and application viscosities of a
number of paints and other coatings and in the thinning of these materials, but is limited to Newtonian
or near-Newtonian liquids.
Procedure

1. Test should be carried out at room temperature (between 22 and 28C).

2. Choose the proper cup (In this experiment cup no. 4 is used) so that the time of efflux
will be between 20 and 100.
3. Level the instrument so that a cup may be filled level full without a meniscus or
overflow at one side.
4. Close the orifice, by holding a rubber stopper against it and fill the cup with the
prepared specimen.
5. Overfill the cup and scrape off the excess with a straightedge.
6. Pull the stopper away and simultaneously start the timing device.
7. Measure the temperature of the fluid in the efflux stream.
8. Measure the time (t) until the first break in the stream.
9. Calculate viscosity in centistokes using formula.

V4 = 3.85 (t 4.49)
Results

Time = 28.9 second at Temperature = 25 C

V4= 93. 97 cSt.

Conclusion:
Non-Volatile
Matter (%)

Weight per liter

( kg/l)

Volume Solid
(%)

Viscosity (cSt)

Group 4 [ E-201]
Group 5 [AU-921]

45.90
42.80

1.046
1.06

36.25
31.78

93.97
236.81

Group 6 [ Chi Silane]

50.12

1.2

37.038

166.89

1. Chi silane paint contains maximum volume solid, hence it will give high thickness per coat.
2. Also Chi- Silane paint shows low VOC hence can be considered as more
environmental friendly.
3. AS Chi silane paint shows high weight per liter, it can be considered that it contains
high additives and pigments and resin which results in high viscosity.