En la voz pasiva se destaca la

accin y no quien la realiza. En la

oracin pasiva quien realiza la
accin carece de importancia o es
desconocido.
Tanto en ingls como en espaol
existen 2 voces:

La voz activa

La voz pasiva

Tipos de pasiva
En ingls existen 2 tipos de pasiva:

la pasiva de objeto directo

la pasiva de objeto indirecto

Pasiva de objeto indirecto

Este tipo de pasiva no existe en
espaol. Es usada cuando se
quiere destacar el complemento
indirecto en lugar del
complemento directo.
Voz activa:
Sujet
o
AGEN
TE

Verbo Compleme C.
VOZ nto
Indirec
ACTIV Directo
to
A

offer a job

to
Tom

Yo

le
un
ofrez trabajo
co

a Tom

Voz pasiva:

Pasiva de objeto directo

El objeto directo de la oracin
activa pasa a ser el sujeto de la
oracin pasiva:
Voz activa:
Sujeto
AGENTE

Verbo
VOZ ACTIVA

C. Directo
PACIENTE

Luis

buys

a book

Luis

compra

un libro

Sujet
o
PACIE
NTE

Verb
o
VOZ
PASI
VA

Comple
mento
Directo

Comple
mento
PACIENT
E

Tom

is
a job
offer
ed

(by me)

A
Tom

le es un
ofre trabajo
cido

(por m)

Verbos con doble objeto

Voz pasiva:
Sujeto
Verbo
PACIENTE VOZ PASIVA

Complement
o
PACIENTE

A book

is bought

by Luis

Un libro

es
comprado

por Luis

Los verbos que tienen objeto

directo e indirecto construyen la
pasiva normalmente con el objecto
indirecto.
Los ejemplos tpicos de verbos con
2 objetos son:

Verbo

Significado

they are
beaten

ellos son golpeados

ask

preguntar

give

dar

offer

ofrecer

La forma es:

order

pedir

pay

pagar

SUJETO + am/are/is being

+ PARTICIPIO

sell

vender

send

enviar

show

mostrar

tell

decir

Presente Continuo (pasiva)

Formacin de la pasiva
En general la pasiva se forma
aadiendo el verbo to be + el
participio del verbo, vamos a
repasar como se forman cada uno
de los tiempos verbales en ingls:
Presente Simple (pasiva)
La estructura es:
SUJETO + am/are/is + PARTICIP
IO
Pasiva

Significado

I am
beaten

yo soy golpeado

you are
beaten

t eres golpeado

he is
beaten

l es golpeado

we are
beaten

nosotros somos
golpeados

you are
beaten

vosotros sois
golpeados

Pasiva

Significado

I am being
beaten

yo estoy siendo
golpeado

you are
being
beaten

t ests siendo
golpeado

he is being l est siendo

beaten
golpeado
we are
being
beaten

nosotros estamos
siendo golpeados

you are
being
beaten

vosotros estis
siendo golpeados

they are
being
beaten

ellos estn siendo

golpeados

Presente Perfecto (pasiva)

La construccin es:
SUJETO + have/has been
+PARTICIPIO
Pasiva

Significado

I have been yo he sido

beaten
golpeado
you have
been
beaten

t has sido
golpeado

he has been l ha sido

beaten

golpeado

we have
been
beaten

nosotros hemos
sido golpeados

you have
been
beaten

vosotros habis
sido golpeados

they have
been
beaten

ellos han sido

golpeados

Futuro Simple (pasiva)

La estructura es:

you will be
being
beaten

t estar siendo
golpeado

he will be
being
beaten

l estar siendo
golpeado

we will be
being
beaten

nosotros
estaremos siendo
golpeados

you will be
being
beaten

vosotros estaris
siendo golpeados

they will be ellos estarn

being
siendo golpeados
beaten

SUJETO + will be + PARTICIPIO

Futuro going to (pasiva)
Pasiva

Significado

I will be
beaten

yo ser golpeado

you will be
beaten

t sers golpeado

he will be
beaten

l ser golpeado

we will be
beaten

nosotros seremos
golpeados

you will be
beaten

vosotros seris
golpeados

they will be ellos sern

beaten
golpeados
Futuro progresivo (pasiva)
La estructura es:
SUJETO + will be + PARTICIPIO
Pasiva
I will be
being
beaten

Significado
yo estar siendo
golpeado

La estructura es:
SUJETO + am/are/is going to be
+PARTICIPIO
Pasiva

Significado

I am going
yo voy a ser
to be beaten golpeado
you are
going to be
beaten

t vas a ser
golpeado

he is going
l va a ser
to be beaten golpeado
we are going nosotros vamos a
to be beaten ser golpeados
you are
going to be
beaten

vosotros vais a
ser golpeados

they are
going to be
beaten

ellos van a ser

golpeados

El pasado simple (pasiva)

La estructura es:

SUJETO + was/were
+ PARTICIPIO
Pasiva

Significado

being
beaten

siendo golpeados

El pluscuamperfecto (pasiva)

I was
beaten

yo fui golpeado

La regla es:

you were
beaten

t fuisteis
golpeado

SUJETO + had been

+ PARTICIPIO

he was
beaten

l fue golpeado

we were
beaten

nosotros fuimos
golpeados

I had been
beaten

yo haba sido
golpeado

you were
beaten

vosotros fuisteis
golpeados

t habas sido
golpeado

they were
beaten

ellos fueron
golpeados

you had
been
beaten
he had
been
beaten

l haba sido
golpeado

we had
been
beaten

nosotros habamos
sido golpeados

you had
been
beaten

vosotros habais
sido golpeados

they had
been
beaten

ellos haban sido

golpeados

El pasado continuo (pasiva)

La forma es:
SUJETO + were/was being
+ PARTICIPIO
Pasiva

Significado

I was
being
beaten

yo estuve siendo
golpeado

you were
being
beaten

t estuviste siendo
golpeado

he was
being
beaten

l estuvo siendo
golpeado

we were
being
beaten

nosotros estuvimos
siendo golpeados

you were
being
beaten

vosotros estuvisteis
siendo golpeados

they were

ellos estuvieron

Pasiva

Significado

El pluscuamperfecto continuo
(pasiva)
La forma es:
SUJETO + had been being
+ PARTICIPIO
Pasiva

Significado

I had been
being
beaten

yo haba estado
siendo golpeado

you had

t habas estado

been being siendo golpeado

beaten
he had
l haba estado
been being siendo golpeado
beaten
we had
nosotros habamos
been being estado siendo
beaten
golpeados
you had
vosotros habais
been being estado siendo
beaten
golpeados
they had
ellos haban estado
been being siendo golpeados
beaten
La pasiva con los verbos
modales
La arquitectura es:
SUJETO + VERBO MODAL + be
+ PARTICIPIO
can
The file can not be saved
El fichero no puede ser
guardado
You could be eaten by a
lion
T pudiste ser comido por un
len
may
A car may be stolen
Un coche puede ser robado
The accident might be
caused by poor visibility
El accidente pudo ser
causado por la poca
visibilidad

must
Respect must be earned
El respeto debe ser ganado

THE CAUSATIVE FORM

We use the causative in English to
say that we have arranged for
someone to do something for us.
He had his jacket cleaned.
(He didn't clean it himself.)
The causative is formed with 'have +
object + past participle' The past
participle has a passive meaning.
Questions and negations of the verb
'have' are formed with do/does or
did in the past simple.
Did you have your camera fixed?
We also use 'have something done'
to talk about an unpleasant
experience.
Peter had his phone stolen last night.
In informal conversations we can
use 'get' instead of 'have'.
She's getting her hair done again.
It is important to have the correct
word order:
'John had his car repaired.' is very
different to 'John had repaired his car.'
In the first sentence John arranged for
someone else to repair his car. In the
second sentence he did it himself.
The causative can be used with most
verb forms and is also formed with
the infinitive and -ing forms.
He should have his car repaired.
It's worth having his car repaired.
Lesson by Tristan, English teacher at
EC Malta English school

Now select the correct form of the

causative from the following:

This is the third time I have the air

1. Which is correct?

conditioner repaired in four days.

This is the third time I've had the air

Where can I have fixed my watch?

Where can I have my watch fixed?

conditioner repaired in four days.

4. Which is correct?

5. Which is correct?

2. Which is correct?
Joan had a new dress made for the
I wish I could have my laundry done.
wedding.
Joan had made a new dress for the

I hate doing it myself.

I wish I need to done my washing by

wedding.
someone. I hate doing it myself.

6. Which is correct?

3. Which is correct?
Sarah is going to take her TV to had it
Jane is at the hairdresser at the

moment. She has her hair done.

Jane is at the hairdresser at the

moment. She's having her hair done.

repaired.
Sarah is going to take her TV to have
it repaired.