Solvay Panoli Dust Test Report Mar. 19, 2014 PDF

RISK SERVICE REPORT
743A Reynolds Road

West Glocester, RI USA
Tel: 401 567 0590
Fax: 401 567 0599
www.fmapprovals.com
Dust Explosibility Testing
SOLVAY S.A.
Panoli Bharuch,Gujarat
India
Index No.: IN2030.00-01
Account No.: 1-56765
Report By: Douglas Tucker

Reviewed By: Travis Heath
Date: March 19, 2014
Lab Log: JM-14-021
We have completed Kst testing in the 20-liter sphere for the dust samples identified as:
Sample No.
(Lab Marked)
Identification
Estimated Composition
DHDPS
>95% Dihydroxy diphenyl sulfone
Veradel 3000 MP
>95% Polyether sulfone-membrane grade
Veradel PESU
>95% Polyether sulfone
The testing was performed as requested by Paul Higgins (FM Global/Chemical Ops.) on December 5, 2013.The
sample was not received until January 30, 2014.
The results of testing are summarized in Table 1. Table 2 lists the material properties of the dust sample. Table 3
lists the results of any additional testing undertaken as a result of the initial testing or as requested, and Table 4
lists the results of combustibility testing. A photograph of each sample is included in the Appendix.
Dust explosibility characteristics are very dependant on dust properties, such as particle size, moisture content and
dust chemistry (i.e., what the dust is made of), so it is very important to be certain that past data are truly
representative of current materials. If there are changes in the composition of the dust or the process by which it is
created, retesting the dust is recommended.
Where results in this report are based on samples that have been sieved to remove particles larger than 500
microns (rather than particles larger than 75 microns, i.e., fines only), a deflagration involving material with a higher
percentage of fines could be more severe than the test data indicate.
Page 1 of 5
2014 FM Approvals LLC. All rights reserved.
Table 1. Data Summary

Sample
No.
Kst
(mbar/s)
Pmax
(bar [psig])
Cm
3
(g/m )
Combustion Time
(millisec)
113
7.2 [104]
155
40
11
4.7 [68]
750
170
23
6.3 [91]
750
159
The samples were tested as less than 500 microns rather than fines only, as requested, since the sieve analysis
indicated there were essentially no fines.
Table 2. Material Properties

Sample
No.
Median Particle Size

(microns)
Moisture Content
(%)
Bulk Density
3
3
(kg/m [lb/ft ])
As-Received
As-Tested
As-Received
As-Tested
307
145
1.0
1.0
559 [34.9]
>500
156
2.3
2.3
330 [20.6]
418
286
2.2
2.2
290 [18.1]
Table 3. Additional Tests

Sample
No.
Overdriven
Hard to Ignite (HTI)
Minimum Explosible
Concentration (MEC)
3
(g/m )
N/T
N/T
N/T
N/T
Yes
N/T
N/T
Yes
N/T
Note:
N/T means no test was performed on that sample.
Table 4. Combustibility
Ignition Source
Sample
No.
Match
Propane Torch
No Visible Effects
Some Melting
No Visible Effects
No Visible Effects
No Visible Effects
No Visible Effects
Page 2 of 5
Standard Dust Tests

Kst Testing
Kst testing is performed in a 20-liter sphere using two 5 kJ chemical igniters. The test is performed in accordance
with ASTM E1226, which recommends that the dust sample consist of fines only (i.e., particles smaller than 75
microns) and that the moisture content not exceed 5%. If the as-received sample has a moisture content greater
than 5% it is dried to meet the test criteria. If as-received testing is requested on the request form, all particles
larger than 500 microns will normally be removed to approximate as-received testing. Kst testing can sometimes be
performed on dust samples with particles exceeding 500 microns by special arrangement with the lab.
Nst Testing
Nst is a nominal estimate of Kst, based on limited testing. The value of Nst can be used with DustCalc the same as
Kst, but one must bear in mind that the true Kst could actually be somewhat higher (because the Nst is only an
estimate based on limited testing).
Screening Testing
Screening testing is performed in a 20-liter sphere using two 5 kJ chemical igniters. This test is only a scan over a
broad concentration range for explosibility and should not be used as vent design criteria. Concentrations used are
3
1000, 2000 and 3000 g/m . The test is performed in accordance with ASTM E1226, which recommends that the
dust sample consist of fines only (i.e., particles smaller than 75 microns) and that the moisture content not exceed
5%. If the as-received sample has moisture content greater than 5% it is dried to meet the test criteria. If asreceived testing is requested on the request form, all particles larger than 500 microns will normally be removed to
approximate as-received testing. Screening testing can sometimes be performed on dust samples with particles
exceeding 500 microns by special arrangement with the lab.
Overdriven
Overdriven testing is performed when one of the following things occurs:
1. Testing is requested on the request form.
2. Pmax is less than 4.0 bar.
Overdriven testing is performed in the 20-liter sphere at the most reactive concentration (i.e., concentration that
gave the maximum dP/dt during Kst testing), using one 5 kJ Sobbe igniter as the ignition source. If no reaction is
observed (dP/dt = 0 and Pm = 0), the sample can be considered overdriven. If the sample is found to be
overdriven, it can be considered hard to ignite.
Hard to Ignite
Hard-to-ignite testing is performed when one of the following things occurs:
1. Testing is requested on the request form.
2. Minimum combustion time is longer than 80 milliseconds.
3. Pmax is less than 4.0 bar and the sample is not overdriven (see below).
Hard-to-ignite testing is performed in the 20-liter sphere at the most reactive concentration (i.e., the concentration
that gave the maximum dP/dt during Kst testing) using four 100 J electric matches as the ignition source. If no
reaction is observed (dP/dt = 0 and Pm = 0), the sample can be considered hard to ignite.
Minimum Explosible Concentration (MEC)
Minimum explosible concentration testing is performed when requested on the request form. The testing is
performed in accordance with ASTM E1515 in the 20-liter sphere using one 5 kJ chemical igniter as the ignition
source.
Combustibility
The sample is tested for combustibility by applying a match flame to a small mound of the sample. The reaction is
observed. Another mound of sample is then subjected to the flame of a propane torch. The reaction is again
observed.
Page 3 of 5
Appendix
Page 4 of 5
Page 5 of 5
FM Approvals Dust Lab

___________________________________________________________________________
Sample:
DHDPS JM-14-021
Customer:
Location:
Index number:
Account number:
Solvay S.A.
Panoli Bharuch, Gujarat
IN2030.00-01
01-56765
_________________________________________________________________
Operator:
D. Tucker
Apparatus:
20-l-sphere
Ignition source:
2 - 5 kJ chemical igniters
Dust-dispersion system:
rebound nozzle
_________________________________________________________________
Explosion Indices
Max. explosion pressure:
Pmax
Max. rate of pressure rise:
(dP/dt)max
Product specific constant:
Kst
Duration of combustion
Optimum equivalent volume Conc. Cm
Moisture content as received
Moisture content as tested
Weight % < 75 microns as received
Weight % < 75 microns as tested
Bulk Density
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
7.2
417
113
40
155
1.0
1.0
10.6
15.3
34.9
bar
bar / s
mbar/s
ms
g/m3
%
%
%
%
lb/ft3
___________________________________________________________________________
Doug Tucker / K140214A.XYZ
14-Feb-14
DHDPS JM-14-021
___________________________________________________________________________
(series)
Conc.
Pm
dP/dt
t1
tv eff
Pex.
Test
[g/m3] [bar] [bar/s]
[ms]
[ms]
[bar]
___________________________________________________________________________
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
125
60
1000
1250
1500
1000
1250
1500
6.0
5.2
6.7
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.0
5.3
1.2
6.9
7.1
7.0
7.3
6.5
6.3
219
190
389
436
503
399
443
219
44
289
352
352
460
358
420
103
88
58
44
39
42
36
71
138
61
52
59
33
49
36
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
60
60
59
59
59
59
59
5.9
5.3
6.6
6.8
6.9
7.0
6.7
5.4
2.5
6.7
6.9
6.8
7.0
6.4
6.2
___________________________________________________________________________
14-Feb-14
Particle Size Distribution

As Received
Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
1000
Particle Diameter (Microns)
SIEVE TEST DATA:

Operator: D.Tucker
Material tested:
DHDPS JM-14-021
Particle diameter (microns):

Cummulative amount smaller
then stated size (%)
45
75
125
250
500
3.1
10.6
24.0
39.4
69.2
(note 75 microns = 200 mesh)

Median particle size:
Sieving loss:
Date:
307 microns
1.02%
2/14/2014

As Tested (<500 microns)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
1000
SIEVE TEST DATA:

Operator: D.Tucker
Material tested:
DHDPS JM-14-021

45
75
125
250
500
4.5
15.3
34.7
56.9
100.0

Sieving loss:
Date:
145 microns
N/A
2/14/2014

___________________________________________________________________________
Sample:
Veradel 3000MP JM-14-021
Customer:
Location:
Index number:
Account number:
Solvay S.A.
IN2030.00-01
01-56765
_________________________________________________________________
Operator:
D. Tucker
Apparatus:
20-l-sphere
Ignition source:
rebound nozzle
_________________________________________________________________
Explosion Indices
Pmax
(dP/dt)max
Kst
Bulk Density
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4.7
40
11
170
750
2.3
2.3
4.1
11.4
20.6
bar
bar / s
mbar/s
ms
g/m3
%
%
%
%
lb/ft3
___________________________________________________________________________
Doug Tucker / K140214B.XYZ
20-Mar-14

___________________________________________________________________________
(series)
Conc.
Pm
dP/dt
t1
tv eff
Pex.
Test
[ms]
[ms]
[bar]
___________________________________________________________________________
(1) 2
(1) 3
(1) 4
(1) 5
(1) 6
(2) 7
(2) 8
(2) 9
(3) 10
(3) 11
(3) 12
500
750
1000
250
1250
500
750
1000
500
750
1000
3.3
5.2
4.7
1.6
3.8
3.7
4.9
4.8
.4
4.0
3.7
21
46
45
16
38
27
43
38
11
23
30
339
197
195
411
224
314
173
233
143
254
256
60
59
59
59
60
60
60
60
59
59
59
3.9
5.3
4.9
2.7
4.3
4.3
5.1
5.0
1.9
4.4
4.2
___________________________________________________________________________
20-Mar-14

Hard To Ignite
Sample:
Customer:
Location:
Index Number:
Account Number:
Solvay S.A.
IN2030.00-01
01-56765
_________________________________________________________________
Operator:
D. Tucker
Apparatus:
20-l-sphere
Ignition source:
4-100J Electric Matches
rebound nozzle
_________________________________________________________________
Pmax
Max. rate of pressure rise: (dP/dt)max
Moisture Content as received
Bulk Density
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
.0
0
0
2.3
2.3
4.1
11.4
20.6
bar
bar / s
ms
%
%
%
%
lb/ft3

___________________________________________________________________________
(series)
Conc.
Pm
dP/dt
t1
tv eff
Test
[ms]
[ms]
___________________________________________________________________________
(1) 13
750
.0
60
___________________________________________________________________________
20-Mar-14

As Received
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
1000
SIEVE TEST DATA:

Operator: D.Tucker
Material tested:
Veradel 3000 MP JM-14-021

45
75
125
250
500
3.1
4.1
6.2
15.5
36.3

Sieving loss:
Date:
>500 microns
0.52%
3/20/2014

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
1000
SIEVE TEST DATA:

Operator: D.Tucker
Material tested:
Veradel 3000 MP JM-14-021

45
75
125
250
500
8.6
11.4
17.1
42.9
100.0

Sieving loss:
Date:
156 microns
N/A
3/20/2014

___________________________________________________________________________
Sample:
Veradel PESU JM-14-021
Customer:
Location:
Index number:
Account number:
Solvay S.A.
IN2030.00-01
01-56765
_________________________________________________________________
Operator:
D. Tucker
Apparatus:
20-l-sphere
Ignition source:
rebound nozzle
_________________________________________________________________
Explosion Indices
Pmax
(dP/dt)max
Kst
Bulk Density
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
6.3
83
23
159
750
2.2
2.2
0.6
1.0
18.1
bar
bar / s
mbar/s
ms
g/m3
%
%
%
%
lb/ft3
___________________________________________________________________________
19-Feb-14

___________________________________________________________________________
(series)
Conc.
Pm
dP/dt
t1
tv eff
Pex.
Test
[ms]
[ms]
[bar]
___________________________________________________________________________
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
1250
1500
1750
1250
1500
1750
1.9
3.7
3.8
5.5
6.5
6.3
6.2
6.2
6.1
6.0
6.3
5.8
6.0
5.7
27
36
42
71
116
124
97
93
68
64
78
47
44
34
217
201
174
134
88
85
110
147
178
175
193
216
249
300
59
60
60
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
60
59
59
2.9
4.2
4.3
5.5
6.3
6.2
6.1
6.1
6.0
5.9
6.2
5.7
5.9
5.7
___________________________________________________________________________
19-Feb-14

Hard To Ignite
Sample:
Customer:
Location:
Index Number:
Account Number:
Solvay S.A.
IN2030.00-01
01-56765
_________________________________________________________________
Operator:
D. Tucker
Apparatus:
20-l-sphere
Ignition source:
4-100J Electric Matches
rebound nozzle
_________________________________________________________________
Pmax
Max. rate of pressure rise: (dP/dt)max
Moisture Content as received
Bulk Density
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
.0
0
0
2.2
2.2
0.6
1.0
18.1
bar
bar / s
ms
%
%
%
%
lb/ft3

___________________________________________________________________________
(series)
Conc.
Pm
dP/dt
t1
tv eff
Test
[ms]
[ms]
___________________________________________________________________________
(1) 15
1500
.0
59
___________________________________________________________________________
19-Feb-14

As Received
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
1000
SIEVE TEST DATA:

Operator: D.Tucker
Material tested:

45
75
125
250
500
0.0
0.6
5.5
22.7
59.5

Sieving loss:
Date:
418 microns
0.61%
2/19/2014

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
1000
SIEVE TEST DATA:

Operator: D.Tucker
Material tested:

45
75
125
250
500
0.0
1.0
9.3
38.1
100.0

Sieving loss:
Date:
286 microns
N/A
2/19/2014

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RISK SERVICE REPORT

743A Reynolds Road

Dust Explosibility Testing

Report By: Douglas Tucker

>95% Dihydroxy diphenyl sulfone

>95% Polyether sulfone-membrane grade

>95% Polyether sulfone

Table 1. Data Summary

Table 2. Material Properties

Median Particle Size

Table 3. Additional Tests

Hard to Ignite (HTI)

N/T means no test was performed on that sample.

Standard Dust Tests

FM Approvals Dust Lab

Particle Size Distribution

Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)

Particle Diameter (Microns)

SIEVE TEST DATA:

Particle diameter (microns):

(note 75 microns = 200 mesh)

Particle Size Distribution

Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)

Particle Diameter (Microns)

SIEVE TEST DATA:

Particle diameter (microns):

(note 75 microns = 200 mesh)

FM Approvals Dust Lab

Veradel 3000MP JM-14-021

Veradel 3000MP JM-14-021

FM Approvals Dust Lab

Veradel 3000MP JM-14-021

Veradel 3000MP JM-14-021

Particle Size Distribution

Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)

Particle Diameter (Microns)

SIEVE TEST DATA:

Veradel 3000 MP JM-14-021

Particle diameter (microns):

(note 75 microns = 200 mesh)

Particle Size Distribution

Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)

Particle Diameter (Microns)

SIEVE TEST DATA:

Veradel 3000 MP JM-14-021

Particle diameter (microns):

(note 75 microns = 200 mesh)

FM Approvals Dust Lab

Veradel PESU JM-14-021

Veradel PESU JM-14-021

FM Approvals Dust Lab

Veradel PESU JM-14-021

Veradel PESU JM-14-021

Particle Size Distribution

Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)

Particle Diameter (Microns)

SIEVE TEST DATA:

Veradel PESU JM-14-021

Particle diameter (microns):

(note 75 microns = 200 mesh)

Particle Size Distribution

Cummulative amount smaller than stated size (%)