Professional Documents
Culture Documents
only showing C, O, N, S
(no H shown as that would
make drawing too dense)
“cylinder” artistic style. If you have lots of extra time, you can make these drawings with
data and tools at: http://www.rcsb.org with “4ins”.
See also “Software Tools/Molecular Viewers Help”.
structural formulas formulas
• molecular formula
• the number and types of atoms in a molecule
• if you can “see the molecule”, then it is easy to write
down molecular formula
• empirical formula
• the lowest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule
• when matter is studied by combustion (like John Dalton),
we only get the ratio of atoms (no picture)
Hydrogen peroxide:
2.7 Ions and Ionic Compounds
! molecular formula = H2O2
• Positive and negative ions attract each other with
! empirical formula = HO Ethylene great strength!!
molecular formula = C2H4
• Argon boils at 87 Kelvin (very cold)
empirical formula = CH2
• Potassium chloride boils at 1800 Kelvin (very hot)
a pair of neutral atoms a pair of ions
37 37 39 + 35 –
Ar Ar K Cl
18 18 19 17
87 Kelvin => weak 1800 Kelvin => strong
2.8 Naming Inorganic Compounds (study p60-67) 2.8 Naming Inorganic Compounds (study p57-62)
3. second element has “-ide” ending Table 2.6 Prefixes • ethylene, acetic acid, acetone
acetic acid
4. Greek prefixes give atom count 1 mono- • “organic compounds” are CH CO H
Cl2O dichlorine monoxide 2
2
di-
tri-
• molecular 3 2
NF3 nitrogen trifluoride
4 tetra- • not “ionic compounds”
N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide 5 penta- • acetic acid can form “acetate” anion, and then be part
(note: vowel of an ionic compound
P4S10 tetraphosphorus decasulfide dropping is common) acetate
CH3CO2–
AlCl3 aluminum chloride (is ionic, not molecular)
2) CsI