Response To Further Information

4
eog resources
C-uc S A t_LOIr-i
Klsk_
EOG Resources
Trinidad Limited
Briar Place
10-12 Sweet Briar Road
St. Clair, Port of Spain
Trinidad & Tobago, W.I.
LT-OPS-OM-13-0059
22nd March 2013
Office of the Assistant Manager

Environmental Assessment Unit
Environmental Management Authority
8 Elizabeth Street
St. Clair
Port of Spain
Attention: Gregory De Souza
Re: Further Information Required for CEC Application CEC3797/2013
Dear Sir,
With reference tc the Environmental Management Authority's request for further information for
CEC Application CEC3797/2013 dispatched March 07, 2013 for the drilling of three (3) wells
and re-completion of one (1) well on the existing Oilbird Platform, EOG Resources Trinidad
Limited is please to submit the relevant information required.
We hope the attached document meets with your approval, and we look forward to a favorable
response and to our continued working relationship with the Environmental Management
Authority.
If you require any -additional information please do not hesitate to contact Neil Persad, EHS
Coordinator II, at 622-8653 or 762-0277.
Your nperely,
AIL
Daniel G. Nasser
Operations Manager
Attachments:
energy opportunity growth
6S
eog resources
EOG's Response to EMA's Request for Further Information
Reference: CEC3797/2013
Response to EMA's Request for Further Information
EMA's Query:
1. Sections 2 and 4 of Attachment 2 Project Description, submitted in support of the
Certificate of Environmental Clearance (CEC) Application Form A, provide a project
overview and a description of the drilling and workover activities, respectively. However,
a scope of works for these activities was not provided. Please provide a scope of works
and an estimated schedule for all phases of the drilling and recompletion activities.
EOG' s Response:
In addition to the project overview and project description provided to the EMA, the
following detailed scope of work and estimated schedule is submitted.
Scope of works for the drilling of three (3) new natural gas wells
1. Move in drilling rig and jack up.
2. Skid drilling package over to designated slot.
3. Drive 30" casing to 200' BML.
4. NU & function test diverter.
5. Drill 17'/2" nudge well and performing directional work as required 5,100'.
6. Run and cement 13 34" surface casing.
7. ND diverter. Install starting head.
8. NU & test BOP's.
9. Drill out and perform formation integrity test.
10.Drill 12'/4" directional hole with LWD to the intermediate casing point 13,000'.
11.Run and cement 9 34" intermediate casing.
12.ND BOP's. Install "B" section. NU BOP's & test.
13.Drill out and perform formation integrity test.
14.Drill 8 'A" directional hole as per directional plan w/ LWD to well TD, 16,000'
15.Run open hole logs as warranted.
16.Under ream 8 Y2" hole to 9 %".
17.Run and cement 7 %" liner.
18.Install dry hole tree.
19.Prepare drilling package for skid to the next well.
20. Continue items 2-18 for the next 2 wells.
Scope of works for the Re-Completion of Oilbird A-1ST1 70 Sand

1. Nipple up BOP's and pressure test BOP's to 250 psi/6,500 psi low/high (annular to
3,500 psi).
2. RU lines to tree and test lines to 5,000 psi.
3. Bull-head kill weight fluid to kill well.
4. Tie into tubing hanger and pick up to sting seals out of packer at 13,455'. POOH and
lay down production tubing and accessories.
5. TIH with cement retainer to +/- 13,400'. Squeeze off 30 Sand completion and spot
300' of cement on top of retainer. WOC and test casing to 4,000 psi.
6. TIH with Wellbore Cleanout tools, pump cleanout chemicals, reciprocate and rotate
drill pipe and circulate hole clean. Displace well with filtered completion brine.
7. RU wireline and run cement bond log across the 70 sand. Evaluate log and block
squeeze if necessary.
8. Run sump packer on wireline and set at +/- 12,770' MD. POOH and RD wireline.
9. TIH with TCP guns and perforate the 70 sand from 12,690' 12,760' MD (70').
POOH and lay down spent TCP guns.
10.TIH with gravel pack assembly for 70 sand. Sting seals into sump packer and set GP
packer at +/- 12,530' MD. Release service tool from GP packer and prepare to pump
gravel pack.
11.Pickle workstring and reverse out chemicals. Capture chemicals and place in tanks for
proper disposal.
12.Pump gravel pack for 70 sand and reverse out excess proppant. POOH and lay down
GP service tool.
13.Run 4-1/2" chrome production tubing and sting into GP packer at +/- 12,530' MD.
14.Test the annulus to 1,000 psi. Sting out and circulate inhibited packer fluid into
annulus. Sting back into GP packer.
15.Space out and land tubing hanger. Terminate SCSSV and DHPT gauge control lines.
16.ND BOP's and NU tree. Test tree to working pressure of tree.
17.Open SCSSV and hold open with hydraulic pressure. Pressure up on tubing to break
fluid loss flapper as per flapper manufacturer. Alternatively, RU slickline and RIH to
break flapper.
18.Open SCSSV and flow well to unload completion fluid.
19.Turn well over to Production Operations.
Note: Re-completion will be conducted after the drilling and completion of the 3
wells.
EOG Resources Trinidad, Ltd

Oilbird
Cased Hole Single
Proposed Recompletion Well Oilbird A-1ST1
42" s 30" Drive Pips

driven to 478"
RKB = 125'
WD =238'
RKB ML = 363'
478' MD
478' TVD
(140' BML)
4-1/2" 7.5K SCSSV ea 720' MD (1812" ID)

20" Conductor
1,215' MD
1,215' TVD
Nipple Q 800'
Production Tubing
4-1/2", 13.5 ppf, 13Cr85, yam Top
0 - 12,530' MD
13-318"' Surface Casing
5,124' MD
DHPT Gauge
Nipple
a 11,540'
a 11.600'
7-5/8" Liner Top 0 11,646' MD

9-6/8" Productfon Casing
63.6 ppf; P-110
12,078' MD
7-5/8" GP Packer 12,530'
Ceramic Flapper Valve ea 12,580'
Lower OP Assembly
7-5/8" GP Packer
Flapper Valve
4" blank pipe
4" premium screen: 115 micron
7-5/8" Sump Packer
Nur TP70 Sand

12,69(7 - 12,780 MD (70' MD)
7-5/8" Sump Packer 12,770'

7-5/8" EZSV e 13,400' MD w/ 300' cement on top
7-5/8" GP Packer 13,455' MD
Abandoned "30" / TP87 Sand
13,603' - 13,683' MD
7-5/8" Sump Packer 13,673' MD

Released TCP gun
7-5/8" Prod Liner

39 ppf; P-110 0-125
14,115' MD
OB-A1ST1 Proposed RC Schematic 2013-3-16
Figure-I: OB-A1ST1 Proposed Re-Completion Schematic
Reference: CEC3797/20I3
Table-1: Tentative Schedule for the drilling and re-completion activities

Activity
Mobilize rig to Oilbird Platform
Move on, Pin, Preload, Jackup
Rig Up
Batch Drive 30"
Drill OB A-7
Drill OB A-8
Drill OB A-9
Complete OB A-9
Complete OB A-8
Complete OB A-7
Recomplete OB A-1
Rig Down, Jack Down, Move off
Time (days)
Start
Finish
0.5
2.0
1.0
4.0
30.0
33.0
32.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
3.0
1 -Apr-14
1-Apr-14
3-Apr-I4
4-Apr-14
8-Apr-14
8-May-14
10-Jun-14
12-Jul-14
27-Jul-14
11-Aug-14
26-Aug-14
15-Sep-14
1 -Apr-14
3-Apr-14
4-Apr-14
8-Apr-14
8-May-14
10-Jun-14
12-Jul-14
27-Jul-14
11-Aug-14
26-Aug-14
15-Sep-14
18-Sep-14
EMA's Query:
2. Section 6, entitled "Wastes", of Attachment 2 does not include produced water or spent
completions fluids as waste associated with the proposed project. Please provide the
method of treatment and the discharge locations(s) (either offshore or onshore) of the
produced water and spent completions fluids, demonstrating compliance with the
permissible levels of the Second Schedule of the Water Pollution Rules 2001 (as
amended) (WPR). In the case of onshore treatment and disposal, the proposed facility to
be utilized and the method of transport of these liquid wastes should also be identified. In
addition, please provide, at minimum, monitoring data for the past six (6) months for the
quality of treated effluent discharge from the facility that is compared with the standards
in the Second Schedule of the WPR.
EOG's Response:
The produced water will be discharged overboard in the marine offshore environment.
Prior to discharge, the produced water passes through a Water Skimmer where it is
separated from the condensate before being discharged. The design specifications of the
Water Skimmer are outlined in Table-2.
Table-2: Water Skimmer Specifications
Gas Rate:
Oil Rate:
Water Rate:
Design Pressure:
Liquid Retention Time:
Vessel Size:
SG (gas):
API Gravity (oil):
SG (water):
Operating Pressure:
Operating Temperature:
1 MMSCFD
20 BOPD
6,000 BWPD
150 psig
20 minutes
78" O.D. x 20'-0" S/S
0.68
50
1.03
20 psig
100F
The Water Skimmer is sized to handle an inlet produced water flow of 6,000 BPD from
the separators, as well as coalesced water from in the Future Condensate Coalescer. All
liquids routed into the Closed Drain Header shall also flow to this vessel for treatment.
The inlet design conditions are 3000 PPM TPH and exiting at 25 PPM TPH. The Water
Skimmer is an ASME stamped vessel, 78" O.D. by 20' S/S, with a design pressure of 150
psig at 100F. The Water Skimmer is furnished with Dual Koch Liquid Coalescing
elements and an oil bucket which provide 20 minute water retention time. The condensate
will be transferred to the Production Separators via gas powered plunger pumps operating
in a lead/lag sequence. The treated water will be discharged overboard.
The Water Skimmer is instrumented with a level safety high and level safety low. The
signals from these devices are monitored by the master control panel. If the levels exceed
the set limits, the master control panel will close the shutdown valve in the gas supply to
the skimmer pumps, close the shutdown valve in the blanket gas supply to the vessel, and
signal the well control panel to initiate a total shutdown of the wells through the SSVs.
The Water Skimmer is vented through a back pressure regulator to the Low Pressure
Vent Header. Over pressure protection for the vessel is provided by a pressure safety
valve.
The condensate and other hydrocarbons that are separated or skimmed from the water are
pumped back to the suction of the production separators by the skimmer pumps. A
Shutdown valve is located in the suction line to the skimmer pumps supply gas line. This
valve is controlled by the master control panel and responds to high and low pressure
signals from the pump discharge and a low-level signal from the water skimmer. Over
pressure protection for the discharge lines from the skimmer pumps is provided by
pressure safety high and low combination sensors installed on each pump discharge
piping. The signals from these sensors are monitored by the master control panel. If the
limits are exceeded, the control panel will close the shutdown valve in the skimmer pump
gas supply. In addition, pressure safety valves are installed on each pump discharge
piping. These valves discharge to the pump suction and effectively to the skimmer. See
Attachment-4 as built drawing of the Oilbird Water Skimmer.
Table-3: Results of Produced Water Samples Oilbird Platform
Date
Type of Sample
Parameter Name
Units
Results
February 2013
Produced Water
January 2013
Produced Water
BOD
TPH
TSS
pH
Temp.
COD
Total Phenol
Sulphide (H2S)
BOD
TPH
TSS
pH
Temp.
COD
Total Phenol
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH Units
Degrees Cel.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH Units
Degrees Cel.
mg/L
mg/L
877
38.9
11.8
6.59
30.6
2795
12.12
0.01
1686
42.2
25.7
7.04
16.4
4405
63
December 2012
Produced Water
November 2012
Produced Water
October 2012
Produced Water
September 2012
Produced Water
Sulphide (H2S)
BOD
TPH
TSS
pH
Temp.
COD
Total Phenol
Sulphide (H2S)
BOD
TPH
TSS
pH
Temp.
COD
Total Phenol
Sulphide (H2S)
BOD
TPH
TSS
pH
Temp.
COD
Total Phenol
Sulphide (H2S)
BOD
TPH
TSS
pH
Temp.
COD
Total Phenol
Sulphide (H2S)
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH Units
Degrees Cel.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH Units
Degrees Cel.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH Units
Degrees Cel.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH Units
Degrees Cel.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
0.01
1374
54.2
19.3
6.48
31.6
3005
31.2
0.01
1670
75.5
30.6
6.56
35
3565
21.9
0.01
1732
48.1
16.6
6.69
34.5
3950
32.65
0.01
762
20.5
7.5
6.67
25.7
2565
28.8
0.01
Table-3 above shows the results of produced water samples from September 2012 to
February 2013 on the Oilbird Platform (See Attachment-2 for analytical results for the
Oilbird Platform). For each of the six (6) months the following parameters were tested to
determine compliance with the Maximum Permissible Levels for the marine offshore
environment as specified within the Second Schedule of the Water Pollution Rules, 2001
(WPR): Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Total
Suspended Solids (TSS), Hydrgenion (pH), Temperature, Chemical Oxygen Demand
(COD), Total Phenol and Sulphide (H2S). The results for BOD, COD and Total Phenol
were above the permissible levels for the marine offshore environment as specified in the
Second Schedule of the WPR, 2001 for all six (6) months.
BOD and COD as pollutant in produced water are less significant when compared to the
parameter of Oil & Grease and TPH being discharged into the marine offshore
environment. BOD and COD do not produce a threat to the marine offshore environment
mainly because of the rapid dilution of the produced water once it enters the said
receiving environment. Studies conducted within the South East Coast Consortium
(SECC) Block in October 1999 and October 2008 showed very little changes to the
ambient Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels, which ranged from 5.5 to 6.5 mg/1 in 1999 and
5.8 to 6.8 mg/1 in 2008. This indicates that both BOD and COD have very little impact
when released into the marine offshore environment.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title
40 Chapter I Subchapter N Part 435 Subpart A deals with effluent guidelines and
standards for the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in the United States. These guidelines
identify the parameters to be tested and the effluent limits. The effluent limits are based
on the following: Best Practicable Control Technology Currently Available; Best
Available Technology Economically Achievable and Best Conventional Pollution
Control Technology. BOD and COD are not monitored in the discharge of produced
water in the marine offshore environment in the United States, which indicates that it is
of little or no significance as a pollutant to the marine offshore environment.
The Second Schedule of the WPR, 2001 lists COD and BOD as pollutants to be
monitored for in the marine offshore environment. At this point, since there are no means
of the Second Schedule being amended to either revise the Maximum Permissible Levels
for BOD or COD, or remove these parameters as a pollutant in the marine offshore
environment, EOGRTL Projects Team is exploring ways of treating the produced water
to achieve the levels of compliance required by the WPR, 2001.
One of the main treatment options to achieve the maximum permissible levels for BOD
and COD will be to explore the method of aeration. This can be done by installing an
Aeration Unit downstream of the Oil/Water Skimmer. This will be a new piece of
equipment and as such design engineering is required. The duration for design
engineering, procurement procedures and installation will take a total of approximately
10-12 months. The aeration process will involve the injection of uncontaminated free air
(oxygen) into a column of water to further oxidise the materials or contaminants in the
water. Air pressure will be pumped into the produced water for specific periods of time to
allow for effective aeration. The flow rate and pressure in which the air is injected will be
monitored and based on site conditions and the results of the COD and BOD from
frequent sampling and analysis.
10
Selvamurugan M., Doraisamy P., Maheswari M., Nandakumar N. B. (2010) in the

research paper "Evaluation of Batch Aeration as a Post Treatment for Reducing the
Pollution Load of Biomethanated Coffee Processing Waste Water" assessed the
efficiency of using aeration techniques as a treatment method for reducing pollutants, in
particular COD and BOD, in wastewater. In the experiment, wastewater was placed in
plastic buckets and aerated using a mini aerator with a flow rate of 0.98 L/min. equivalent
to 0.035 cubic feet per minute. The wastewater was treated continuously (24 hrs) and
intermittently (12 hr, 6 hr and 3 hr intervals). The initial levels for Biological Oxygen
Demand (BOD), COD and Total Solids (TS) were 1120, 2200 and 1420 mg/L
respectively. At the end of eight (8) days, the results for BOD, COD and TS using
continuous aeration which was more effective, were as follows: the BOD decreased from
1120 mg/L to 300 mg/L; the COD decreased from 2200 mg/L to 700 mg/L; and the TS
decreased from 1420 mg/L to 675 mg/L, indicating a reduction of 74.5%, 68.6 and 49.3%
respectively.
COD (mg/L)
2500
2000
1500
COD (mg/L)
1000
500
0
0
10
Figure-2: COD results from aeration

An increase in the time period for treatment using the continuous aeration technique is
expected to further reduce the above parameters to acceptable levels and in accordance
with the permissible levels for the marine offshore environment as specified in the
Second Schedule of the WPR, 2001. From the analysis above, the levels of BOD and
COD over a twenty (20) day continuous aeration period is expected to be reduced to
below 100 mg/L and 250 mg/L respectively. The twenty (20) day period mentioned
above is the time in which the BOD and COD is expected to reach acceptable levels and
in accordance with the permissible levels for the marine offshore environment as
specified in the Second Schedule of the WPR, 2001. This is based on research and
11
previous studies conducted, however actual results will vary for produced water on
offshore platforms. If requested, EOGRTL is willing to provide the EMA with the results.
A Technical Assessment of Produced Water Treatment Technologies was undertaken by
the Colorado School of Mines in November 2009. This study outlined literature reviews
along with technical assessment to evaluate existing and emerging technologies that have
been used or being considered for the treatment of wastewater. The floating method,
which operates in the same way as aeration, uses fine gas bubbles that are injected into a
water column to aid in the treatment of the water. When the air is injected, particulates
and oil droplets attached themselves to the water bubbles and rise to the top, thereby
allowing for it to be easily skimmed. This process can remove 75% to 93% COD in
wastewater respectively.
The method of aeration is being given careful consideration as EOGRTL understands the
need to comply with the WPR, 2001. This is not the only method being considered as the
Projects Teams are reviewing other alternatives. If for some reason the aeration process
doesn't achieve the levels of compliance with the WPR, 2001 EOGRTL will consider
other alternatives.
The Completion fluid planned for the Oilbird Completions is Calcium Chloride (CaC12).
Calcium Chloride is a divalent salt solution used as workover or completion fluid to
provide a column of fluid in a well with sufficient hydrostatic pressure to overbalance
formation pressure and prevent a well from flowing during the well work. The Calcium
Chloride will be filtered through DE (diatomaceous earth) filters before being placed in a
well with open perforations. The base Calcium Chloride does not contain pollutants or
contaminants and is safe and acceptable for overboard discharge. Small volumes of
Calcium Chloride fluid will normally be discharged overboard when it becomes
intermixed with starch derivatives and polymers used for fluid loss or hole cleaning. The
starch derivatives and polymers do not contain pollutants or contaminants. The Calcium
Chloride /starch/polymer mixture cannot be filtered through the DE unit. These products
will plug the filtration screens; therefore, they must be discharged. The discharge point
on the rig is an overboard line in the flow line return trough. Completion fluid samples
are taken at the beginning and end of a completion project and analyzed at a lab for
contaminants. If acid is pumped into the well and reversed out of the well, it will be
captured in a closed tank, neutralized with soda ash and transported to Kaizen
Environmental Services Trinidad Limited for proper treatment and disposal.
12
EMA's Query:
3. Section 7, entitled "Possible Impacts of the Project", of Attachment 2 provides a
qualitative assessment of the impacts associated with the proposed activities, and
proposed mitigation measures. Please provide a quantitative assessment of the impacts
related to the following:
3.1 Air quality as a result of exhaust emissions from machinery, equipment and
vessels;
I
II
3.2 Discharges to the environment as these relate to marine sediment and water quality
of the study area. Extrapolations of significant quality parameter levels into the
future (based on industrial and historic data) should be provided and compared to
the relevant local standards and international standards in the absence of local
standards;
3.3 Dispersion modeling studies to determine the predicted direction and dispersion of
drill cuttings and spent drill mud, as well as accidental hydrocarbon releases. The
source, type and reason for the particular model(s) chosen must be clearly
referenced and stated, along with model limitations, input parameters chosen, and
the methods used for their validation. Justification for the various input parameters
used during modeling (e.g. wave and current data and oil spill volumes) should be
clearly stated. Modeling should be based on the occurrence of predicted typical
and worst-case events. Where applicable, the findings of dispersion modeling
studies should be used to understand the spatial distribution of risks to receptors in
the study area.
For the prediction of impacts of oil spills and cuttings disposal, appropriately
scaled models of offshore currents to incorporate subsurface currents, as
practicable, should be included. If adequate relevant information is not available
from historical records of international sources, site-specific data should be used.
At least two (2) months' wet season and two (2) months' dry season data should be
used to validate and calibrate the model. This data should be collected at least 4
months apart to allow for seasonally induced forcing to be established and
observable.
In addition, please provide an assessment of the cumulative environmental impacts
that are likely to result from the proposed activities in combination with other
existing, approved and proposed projects in the area that could be reasonably
considered to have a combined effect. The cumulative assessment must be based
on an adequate understanding of the design and operations of the proposed
activities, as well as other existing, approved and proposed projects.
13
EOG's Response to 3.1:

The ambient air quality within the study area depends on the type and intensity of
operations and activities occurring within the area. Air pollution occurs when any
substance in the air prevents the normal dispersive ability and can, in high concentrations,
harm humans, animals or any life form within that environment. Pollutants encompass
almost any natural or artificial substance capable of being airborne as solid particles,
liquid droplets and gases, or a combination of these forms. Generally, air pollutants fall
into two major groups: those emitted directly from identifiable sources (primary
pollutants); and those produced in the air when two or more primary pollutants interact,
or that react with normal atmospheric constituents (secondary pollutants). Air pollutants
have been identified and fall into the following major categories: solids, sulphur
compounds, VOC compounds, nitrogen compounds, oxygen compounds, halogen
compounds, radioactive compounds and odours. The exceptions are pollen, fog and dust,
which are of natural origin.
Air emissions during the project will not have any significant impacts on ambient air
quality. Due to the distance from shore (about 56 km [30 nini]), there will be no impacts
on coastal air quality from mobilization, drilling, recompletion, and routine operations
either aboard the platform, drilling rig, or vessels. Only minor impacts are projected from
support vessel operations from existing facilities at Chaguaramas, and helicopter
operations at Camden.
At the project site, routine emissions will include combustion gases from the drilling rig,
platform, and vessel diesel engines, as well as periodic emissions (i.e., while on site)
from support vessels and/or helicopters. Due to the nature of the operations, there is no
possibility that project emissions will approach levels that would prompt either screening
analysis or air quality modeling. Other small engines (e.g., generators, pumps, and
compressors) aboard both the platform and support vessels may be used or tested
intermittently. All combustion products will be piped to atmospheric discharge points at
safe distances from operations. Air pollutants would include nitrogen oxides (NOx),
sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrocarbons, and particulates. Based on the minimal impacts
anticipated, no specific mitigation measures for air quality are recommended. Impacts
will be minimized by routine inspection and maintenance to ensure that combustion
emission sources, such as generators and other drilling rig equipment, as well as support
vessel and helicopter engines, are operating properly and not producing excessive
emissions.
Table-4 below is estimated air emission characteristics for the Oilbird program. The
values are based on an estimated 185 days drilling and re-completion program and
routine production activities on the Oilbird Platform. Apart from the short duration of the
project, the emissions are localized and insignificant.
Table-4: Air emission characteristics of the platform, mobile offshore drilling unit
(MODU), and support vessels, Oilbird program, Block SECC.
Pollutant Total For Project (kg)'
Drilling and Recompletion Phase
CO
NOx
S
S
HC
PM
MODU (185 days)

2 generators 1 continuous; 1 standby
2 crane engines 1 continuous; 1 standby
Total
7,057.80
1,884.60
264.60
11,340.00
18,397.80
2,449.44
4,334.04
907.20
1,171.80
232.20
810.00
1,042.20
Production Phase
NOx kg/h
CO kg/h
HC kg/h
PM kg/h
0.45
0.45
0.17
0.17
0.15
0.15
0.35
0.05
0.04
5.76
0.79
0.58
Platform
2.10
1 crane engine (intermittent use)
2.10
1 generator (intermittent use)
Support Vessel
1.31
2 generators 1 continuous; 1 standby
2 engine drivers for rotors 1 continuous;
26.31
1 standby
'Emissions calculations based on the following: 150-kw generator; 600-HP crane engine; 2 400-HP engines
for the support vessels.
CO = carbon monoxide.
HC= hydrocarbons.
NOx = nitrogen oxides.
PM = particulate matter.
PM2 5, PM10, and Total Suspended Particles

Ambient air monitoring of PM2.5, PM10, and total suspended particles (TSP) was conducted
on 4 to 7 November 2008 at the three manned (Kiskadee, Pelican and Oilbird) platform
locations shown in Figure-36 during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) SECC Block
EBS. The objective of the exercise was to determine PM2 5, PM10, and TSP levels that were
indicative of ambient conditions within the SECC Block and at the proposed project site.
TSI DustTrak and AirMetrics MiniVol equipment were installed at the Kiskadee, Pelican,
and Oilbird platforms.
The TSI DustTraks are aerosol monitors that provide reliable exposure assessment by
measuring respirable size fractions of particle concentrations. Particle size separation was
achieved with relevant impactor/cyclone assembly at the instrument's sample inlet. The
DustTrak units contain a portable battery-operated laser photometer that provides real-time
digital readout with data logging features. The instruments were set to record PM10
concentrations (measured at 1-minute intervals) over a study period of approximately 24
hours (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
15
The AirMetrics MiniVols are pump units that sample air at five litres per minute through
filter holder assemblies. The sample inlet assemblies house the relevant impactor
assemblies where particle size separation occurs. Two MiniVols were used at each station,
one to sample PM25 and the other to sample TSP. The instruments were fitted with preweighed filters and set to collect air samples, over a 24-hr period. The filters were
subsequently removed and sent to a laboratory for post-weighing (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a).
Particulate matter concentrations at the three manned platform stations are presented in
Table-31. PM2 5 and PM10 levels were relatively low and fell below the thresholds specified
by the U.S. EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the EMA Draft
Air Pollution Rules, 2008. TSP levels (0.0069 to 0.0208 mg/m3) were below the EMA
Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2008 (non-point source) MPL of 0.150 mg/m3 (Table-31). The
U.S. EPA NAAQS did not have a threshold MPL guideline for TSP (CSA International,
Inc., 2009a).
Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen Sulphide, and Volatile Organic Compounds
Ambient air monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) was conducted on 27 January 2009 at the three Pelican
Platform stations shown in Figure-37 during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) SECC
Block EBS. The objective of the exercise was to determine CO, H2S, and VOC levels that
were indicative of ambient conditions at the Pelican Platform.
An RAE System's Mu1tiRAE Plus unit was used during the monitoring exercise. This unit
combines a sampling pump with a photo-ionization detector and has a variety of sensors
that may be used to determine different parameters (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). The
specifications for the Mu1tiRAE Plus sensor are presented in Table-32.
The instrument was zeroed with zero grade air and the sensors spanned with the relevant
gases. Sampling and measurement was conducted for 30 minutes for comparison with
guideline levels (CO and H2S) for nonpoint sources and stack release limits (VOC)
specified in the EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2005 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
CO, H2S, and VOC concentrations at the three Pelican Platform locations are presented in
Table-33. The Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2008 20 mg/m3 Stack Release Limit VOC MPL,
presented in Table-33 was used (for comparison) in the absence of nonpoint source
(ambient) EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2008 and U.S. EPA NAAQS MPLs. An
alternative guideline for VOCs is the widely accepted (tentative) relationship between
human comfort and VOC concentrations put forward by the Institute of Environmental and
Occupational Medicine (Molhave et al., 1986) and presented in Table-34.
16
With the exception of VOCs at the Downwind #2 station, and taking into account the
detection limit and sensitivity of the MultiRAE Plus Unit, CO, H2S and VOCs were
undetectable and were all within the EMA recommendations, as outlined in the Draft Air
Pollution Rules, 2005 (Table-33). It was noted that the resolution of the MultiRAE was 1
ppm for H2S, while the EMA's guideline was 0.022 ppm. As such, there may have been
non-compliance with respect to H2S concentrations below 1 ppm that the MultiRAE
instrument was unable to detect (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
It is expected that the similar results will be for the Oilbird Platform as conditions are
similar and the process are merely the same.
17
EOG's Response to 3.2:

It is expected that while the discharges may have an impact on the receiving
environment, the impact will be insignificant based on the type of receiving environment
and materials used in the drilling and recompletion process, and the mitigation measures
developed and will be implemented during the drilling and re-completion activities. The
following activities will have an impact on marine sediment and water quality:
Impacts of drilling rig mobilization and Installation
Impacts of drilling discharges
Impacts of produced water
Impacts of minor waste discharges
Impacts of drilling rig mobilization and installation

Installation and removal of the drilling rig may produce temporary, localized turbidity
near the bottom as sediments are re-suspended. The Rowan Gorilla III drilling rig, which
is the same rig used for the original development work of the Oilbird in 2007, will be
used and as such the rig's legs will go back into the original holes it created in the original
program. This will ensure that there a minimal disturbance to the sea bottom. The seabed
area impacted by placement of drilling rig legs onto the old holes will be minimized to
the smallest surface area practicable. Only a small area would be affected around each
leg, and re-suspended sediments will settle rapidly to the bottom. The vessels used to tow
the drilling rig to the site will use Direct Positioning (DP) which will further minimise
any potential impacts on the seafloor.
Impacts of Drilling Discharges
Discharges of water-based drilling fluids and cuttings will produce temporary, localized
increases in suspended solids and barium in the water column around the drilling rig and
platform. In general, turbid water can be expected to extend between a few hundred
meters and several kilometers down-current from the discharge point and to persist for
several hours after each bulk discharge. Field measurements of TSS have demonstrated
reductions in water clarity within a few hundred meters to a few kilometers of drilling
rigs during drilling fluid discharges (Ayers et al., 1980a,b; Ray and Meek, 1980).
Dispersion to background levels typically requires several minutes to several hours (Neff,
1987).
There will be a minor effect from the discharge of cuttings and adhering water-based
drilling muds. The effect will be an increase in sediment grain size from the cuttings and
perhaps slight increases in sediment metal concentrations. The use of SBM is not planned
for any of the Oilbird production wells. SBM use has been kept as an option, however,
18
depending upon well conditions or potential downhole problems. If a SBM system is

utilized, cuttings will be treated to minimize the presence of synthetic oil and then
disposed. Whole mud will not be discharged, but brought back to onshore for treatment
and disposal by an approved contractor.
Barite (barium sulfate) is a major insoluble component of water-based mud discharges,

which will accumulate in sediments. Barite has been widely shown to accumulate in
sediments following drilling (Hartley, 1996). Barium sulfate is of low bioavailability and
toxicity to benthic organisms (e.g., Starczak et al., 1992). Other metals, present mainly as
salts, in drilling wastes may originate from formation cuttings, from impurities in barite
and other mud components, or from other sources such as pipe dope. Although a variety
of metals (especially chromium) are widely recorded to accumulate in the vicinity of
drilling operations (e.g., Engelhardt et al., 1989; Kroncke et al., 1992), the toxicity of
settled drill cuttings appears to be related primarily to hydrocarbon content, even in
water-based mud discharges (e.g., Environment & Research Technology [Scotland] Ltd.,
2001). Concentrations of metals in most drilling fluids are similar to those in the marine
environment (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2001), with the exception of barium.
There are relatively strong surface currents in the area of the project. Although currents
are not constant, at times, currents may be as high as 150 cm/s (3 kn) during the wet
season. During periods of strong current, the dispersion of drilling fluids and cuttings
discharged from the drilling rig would be increased and should further minimize benthic
impacts.
Impacts of Produced Water

Produced water is expected during development and production but less likely during
drilling or well testing. In the event a small amount of produced water is encountered and
treated, such a discharge may produce temporary, localized changes in water quality
conditions, including salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and concentrations of
contaminants (metals, hydrocarbons, and radionuclides) near the discharge point.
Produced water constituents are rapidly diluted in seawater, and significant elevations in
salinity or concentration of metals or hydrocarbons, or decreases in DO are usually not
observed greater than a few hundred meters from the discharge (Neff, 1987). Continental
Shelf Associates, Inc. (1997b) and Offshore Operators Committee (00C) (1997) found
no significant impacts from produced water released from offshore oil and gas production
platforms in the Gulf of Mexico.
Impacts of Minor Waste Discharges
Sanitary and domestic wastes from the drilling rig and support vessels may temporarily
degrade water quality but should be diluted to undetectable levels within a short distance
19
of the source (USEPA, 1993; MMS, 1996). The drilling rig will be equipped with a
marine sanitation device (U.S. Coast Guard Type I or equivalent) that produces effluent
containing fecal coliform bacteria less than 400 counts per 100 ml and no visible floating
solids. Domestic waste (gray water from showers and sinks) does not require treatment
before discharge, and water quality impacts would be minimal. The platform will be
equipped with a deck drain system designed to collect and process rain water or water
from wash-down operations. The water will be routed to a sump vessel designed to
separate oil and water. After separation, the deck drain water will be discharged
overboard. Any oil or grease contaminants collected in the sump vessel will be pumped
to the three-phase separation equipment for further processing. Minimal impacts on
water quality are anticipated.
20
EOG' s Response to 3.3:
In 2009, Applied Science Associates, Inc. (ASA) performed an impact assessment of

drilling mud and cuttings discharges and potential diesel and condensate spills modeling
from the Pelican Platform, located within the SECC Block, Offshore East Coast Trinidad.
The Pelican Platform is located approximately 9 km from the Oilbird Platform. The
physical conditions are similar throughout the SECC Block; therefore the data used to
simulate drilling mud and cuttings discharges and potential diesel and condensate spills
for the Pelican Platform can also be used to make similar predictions for the Oilbird
Platform.
-340,
. 04
0.'herd
Panda
Pelican
Legend
Pipeloom (Varying plairteg
Pbmilorir
14- from IttaFoal.. Platform
FOCI Root-mace& Trinlelaiel Ltd SECC Block
lr Plain Paula Platform

Jr from Am. Pia,Imre
fr from Comely Platform
10 to OoIsola Took Form
10- 11 ICC. 30- Pool line
80 41.0v
613
111"At
O
I
ao-acrerw
00 v o-w
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 kilometers
-1.141.1.1.1.1.1.1
Figure-3: The Oilbird and Pelican Platforms

The following numerical model simulations were performed:
Dispersion of the drilling discharges from the Pelican Platform, in order to estimate
the actual seabed deposition of the bulk material and maximum water column
concentration.
Dispersion of potential surface condensate and diesel spills from the offshore well.
The condensate scenarios were built to simulate a surface spill related to a blowout
release.
21
ASA performed the following tasks prior to initiation of the requested simulations:
A climatological analysis of the meteorological and oceanographic conditions
A characterization of the mud and cuttings discharge (volume, size distribution)
Numerical 3D simulation of the major circulation features of the receiving water
body.
The following models have been applied: A hydrodynamic model to simulate the 3D
current fields, ASA's MUDMAP modeling system to simulate the dispersion of mud and
drill cuttings and ASA's OILMAP to simulate potential surface condensate and diesel
spill from the well.
Dispersion of the drilling discharges

Drilling fluids and cuttings will accumulate on the seafloor, resulting in changes in
bottom contours, grain size, barium concentrations, and perhaps concentrations of other
metals (National Research Council, 1983; Boothe and Presley, 1989; Hinwood et al.,
1994). These changes occur primarily within a few hundred meters around each wellsite
and may persist for several years (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2006). Marine
birds, turtles, and mammals are therefore unlikely to come into direct contact with the
muds and cuttings plume near its release point. Muds and cuttings discharges will not
reach coastal habitats of Trinidad.
To facilitate the analysis of impacts on marine water quality and seafloor topography,
drill cuttings and muds discharge simulations were conducted using a 3D numerical
model and a sediment transport model. Drilling discharges will be released from the
drilling rig/Oilbird Platform during drilling operations. Discharges of both water-based
drilling muds and cuttings will produce short term, localised increases in suspended
solids and barium in the water column around the drill rig. The visible plume will move
with the currents. Field measurements of transmissivity and total suspended solids (TSS)
have demonstrated reductions in water clarity within a few hundred meters to about 2 km
of platforms during drill discharges (Ayers et al., 1980a,b; Ray and Meek, 1980).
Dispersion to background levels typically requires several minutes to several hours (Neff,
1987). Modelling of water column suspended drill cuttings and muds concentrations was
conducted by ASA (2009) Attachment-3.
22
Table-5: Scenario specifications for the ASA (2009) drill cuttings and muds
discharge simulations.
---
1.0
Seabed
Muds
Cuttings
Volume
Volume
Weight
Weight
3
Released
Released
(n)
(kg/m3)
)
(gym)
(n
1,030.5
38.75
2,700.0
79.49
660 (26)
2.0
Sea surface*
106.81
2,700.0
154.50
1,102.4
508 (20)
4.0
Sea surface*
237.85
2,700.0
333.24
1,126.4
386.84
2,700.0
1,087.14
1,437.9
27.62
1,857.3
Drill
Interval
Hole Size
Diameter
mm (in.)
Duration
(days)
Discharge
Location
375 (14.75)
12.0
Sea surface*
311 (12.25)
3.0
Sea surface*
39.39
2,700.0
241 (9.5)
3.0
Sea surface*
15.89
2,700.0
12.67
1,977.1
2,700.0
20.05
2,120.9
165 (6.5)
2.0
Sea surface*
21.01
* Discharge water depth: 3 5 m below the water surface.
Figures 4 to 8 show maximum model-predicted, water column concentrations of

suspended mud, after (respectively) the second (660 mm [26 in.]), third (508 mm [20
in.]), fourth (515 mm [14.75 in.]), fifth (311 mm [12.25 in.]), and seventh (165 mm [6.5
in.]) drill intervals, summarized in Table-5. The predicted water column concentration
for drill interval six (241 mm [9.5 in.]) was less than 1 mg/L and was, therefore, not
presented. The mud volumes released for SBM represent their adherence to cuttings, as
there will be no direct discharges of SBM.
ho AI
101 55
1 -> 3
3.> 5
5 .> 7
7 .> 10
10 1 48
> 10
10t 40
1113:03 m
1
10 1 33
Figure-4: Water column predicted maximum suspended muds concentrations after

drilling interval 2 (ASA, 2009).
23

no 01
011 70 74l
Hu
cam,_l
!Mew Wales Cone
10 1 55
fj
Conurbation MA)
1-> 3
3 .> 5
5 7
01 40
EIMESEENIIIIP 111111116,
Close
Section tine
Oploons
183m
01
523m

24

50 39 /
131 111
131
18
MEM
ICamt_1
I
0155
at Wales Cone
Castesabalion (WU
1 -2 3
3 .> 5
5.> 7
7 -> 10
> 10
183m
m

25
The predicted water column plumes were typically within a 500-m radius (north and
down-current) of the simulated surface discharge point at the Pelican Platform. Predicted
plume concentrations greater than 3 mg/L were confined to within 200 m of the Pelican
Platform, confirming the abovementioned field findings of Ayers et al. (1980a,b) and Ray
and Meek (1980), suggesting that the marine water quality drilling discharge impacts
during the proposed project would be confined to an area within a few hundred meters of
the drilling discharge point. It is important to note, that the wells to be drilled in the
Oilbird Platform are similar to the wells that was proposed on the Pelican Platform,
therefore discharge volumes will be similar.
In context, the predicted suspended muds concentrations were generally less than the 15mg/L concentration threshold used to define TSS as a pollutant under the Second
Schedule of the Water Pollution Rules, 2001. Predicted suspended muds concentrations
were also less than the stringent Delcan (1994) Barbados TSS Ambient Water Quality
Standard of 5 mg/L, beyond a 200 m radius of the Pelican Platform. Overall, drilling
discharges would have a reversible, short term and low negative impact on marine water
quality. It is believed that the same impacts will apply for the Oilbird Platform as it is
located approximately 9 km away and the physical conditions are the same.
Drilling fluids and cuttings will accumulate on the seafloor, resulting in changes in
bottom contours, grain size, barium concentrations, and perhaps concentrations of other
metals (National Research Council, 1983; Boothe and Presley, 1989; Hinwood et al.,
1994). These changes occur primarily within a few hundred meters around a wellsite and
may persist for several years (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2006).
Modelling of drilling fluid and cuttings discharge was conducted by ASA (2009)
Attachment-2. Figure-9 shows the predicted, accumulated bottom deposition of bulk
material (cuttings); and Table-6 contains areal extents of the designated thicknesses
shown in Figure-6.
26
60 38:47' W
60 38'54 W
Bottom Thickness
91111O
z
.
--
1.0 - 14.9
15.0.29.9
29.0-42.9
43.0 - 56 9
57.0 - 70 9
71.0 - 75. 2
0 Pekin Well
z
m
50
eT 313'54 V
50
100
60 36'47'W
Figure-9: Cumulative predicted thickness contours for drill cuttings and muds
deposition on the seafloor (ASA, 2009).
Table-6: Areal extents of the designated thicknesses shown in Figure-9.
Thickness (mm)
Area (m2)
>1.0
>15.0
229.0
>43.0
>57.0
>71.0
Total Area
84,283
7.597
654
187
39
4
92,764
The model predictions indicate drill cuttings would be deposited on the seabed within
350 m of each of the three proposed wells, with the highest deposition occurring within
the 50- to 100-m range (north-northeast). Maximum thicknesses estimated were on the
order of 7 to 8 cm within a 2- to 4-m radius of each of the three proposed discharge
points. Remaining fine particles would spread over a larger area, primarily in directions
away from Trinidad. For each of the three proposed wells, the total area affected by
cuttings discharge was estimated to be 0.093 km2 (Table-6).
27
Impacts of drilling discharges on sediment quality would primarily be in the form of

increased barite concentrations. Barite (barium sulfate) is a major insoluble component of
drilling fluid discharges. Barium concentrations would, therefore, increase in bottom
sediments around the wellsites. Generally, Barium and other metals in drilling fluids
show very low bioavailability to marine animals and do not pose a risk to benthic
organisms or their predators (Neff et al., 1989a,b). The proposed muds would not add to
existing cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and Zinc (Zn) sediment
concentrations at the proposed well sites. Overall, drilling discharges would have an
irreversible, long-term and low negative impact on seabed topography and sediment
quality.
Dispersion of potential surface condensate and diesel spills

A large spill, such as one resulting from a diesel tank rupture, would be an extremely rare
event. The probability has not been estimated, but historical data for the Gulf of Mexico
include no such incidents between 1981 and 1999 (Anderson and LaBelle, 2000;
Minerals Management Service, 2002).
ASA (2009) modeled a large (500-bbl) surface diesel and a large (1,500-bbl) surface
condensate spill during a typical dry and wet season (see Attachment-3). Model
simulations were based on the four spill scenarios summarized in Table-7 and represent
extreme, highly unlikely, worst-case scenarios.
Table-7: Scenario information for diesel and condensate spill simulations
(ASA, 2009).
Scenario
Dies 500_D
Dies_500_W
Cond_1500_D
Cond_1500_W
Season
~
Dry
Wet
Dry
Wet
Simulation
(days)
Spill
Spill/Release
Volume
D
(bbl)
Diesel
500
Diesel
Condensate
Condensate
500
1,500
1,500
14
14
uratiion
Instantaneous
Instantaneous
24 hours
24 hours
Figures 10 to 13 show the ASA (2009), model-predicted, marine water areas that could
possibly be impacted off the east coast of Trinidad. The top panels of each figure show
the probability of oiling and the bottom panels show the travel times of the predicted
probabilities. The plots do not imply that the entire presented (colored) areas would be
covered with oil, but instead represent areas where sea surface oiling is a possibility. A
diesel/condensate spill thickness of 0.0002 mm was used as the limit in deriving the
figures. The figures represent extremely rare, large, surface spills of diesel and
condensate.
28
A more likely scenario would be a small diesel-fuel spill during refueling of a supply
vessel or fuel transfer. Minerals Management Service (2000) indicated that, historically,
most diesel spills have been <1 bbl (for spills greater than this, the median size is 5 bbls).
Measures would be implemented to prevent spills during fuel transfer.
Following a spill, whether it is crude or refined diesel fuel, several physical, chemical,
and biological processes (collectively called weathering) interact to change the physical
and chemical properties of the oil and influence its harmful effects on marine organisms
and ecosystems. The most important weathering processes include spreading,
evaporation, dissolution, dispersion into the water column, formation of water-in-oil
emulsions, photochemical oxidation, microbial degradation, adsorption to suspended
particulate matter, and stranding on shore (Boehm, 1987; Payne et al., 1987).
The probability of occurrence of a major spill is unlikely but can have very serious
consequences, resulting in a high significance impact. The inherent control systems,
procedures and oil spill response plans (and implementation) will reduce both probability
and consequence and by extension, the impact significance to a low level.
29
23
Ell 47 h9 W
h9 W
x
WATER SURFACE .
Blanc hr
2125
1753 /Redhead
1 -> 10
3/00
C.,
10-> 20
20 -> 313
30 > 40
40-> 50
O 36 0 N
50 ->
60
60 -> 70
70 -> 130
80.> 90
90 -> 100
eN FERE ,11
O 12 ON
119 ken
1 1 1 1
li 0 Nrn
60 47 59 W
61 23 59 W
Color Key
0>1
EllenehEEseu se
2125
1753
Redhead
1 -> 2
3100
2 -> 3
3 ->
.4RIMA
4 -> 5
5-> 6
10 36 ON
6-> 7
PRARICHAllal
SAN FER AN C'
343
LS ERE::
119 km
4111 1
11 0 Nrn
Figure-10: Model simulation of a 500-bbl dry season diesel spill showing a) water
surface probability of oiling and b) travel time contours (ASA, 2009).
30
0 41 59W
1 23 59W
may_.._
I
-15
930
9
',
r.
Al.1/.21.,.
--------_-...,
10 36 0 N
1753
l
cr.
k,
-.0
3100
10
20 -> 30
30 -> 40
40 -> 50
50 -> 60
60 -> 70
70 -> 80
,
,,,..6,
. 'ec Aii:riamAt
10> 20
i
I
Xj
WATER SURFACE:
- ix.-:1,i..1:. 6
. Ali
.,, 1
I_ '
'vv7
I
1
I
I
90 -> 100
.
L .
SAN FERN ,_
C.E
10 12 O N
.__.
-Fri:at 4,
'', 339
971
7
.
' :..ii, F1.11.. 1411,

O U:
1.19 km
0 Nm
I 23 59 W
?:5
T40
160 47 59 W
3100
HI
.Redhead
0 -> 1
1 -> 2
2 -> 3
3 -> 4
4 -> 5
5 -> 6
6 -> 7
10 36 ON
10 12 0 N
339
19km
till'
'
0 Nm
Figure-11: Model simulation of a 500-bbl wet season diesel spill showing a) water
surface probability of oiling and b) travel time contours (ASA, 2009).
31
el it UW
..,,,)),
u 40 0W
, 177
1-> K
7f09
10 ->
20
20 -> 30
30 > 40
50 N
10 2
24I
WATER SURFACE.
214131UTY
11G
40 ..> 50
393
91-, 60
60 .> 70
70.> 00
I
I
80 -> 90
90 -> 100
'177
9 59 59N
122km
.6 Nm
00 1
1 > 2
2-> 3
3 -> 4
10 24
4 .. 5
5>6
6>7
393
TOi 1 59 N
9 59 59 N
12.2 km
6 Nm
Figure-12: Model simulation of a 1,500-bbl dry season condensate spill showing

a) water surface probability of oiling and b) travel time contours (ASA, 2009).
32
. i r.
Ilk
.7
et 1>1.7011FIIIII!
_,_ fillgl
,
1 -> 10
10 -> 20
20 -> 30
30 -> 40
10 2
40 -> 50
1
.
F09! IrARC.---
50-> 60
60 -> 70
70 -> 80
393
I
I
11111111111111,
00 -> 00
93 9, 100
0 1 59 N
97/
-7-1--'7A
P
)
I
9 59 59 N
12.2 km
.6 Nm
11 12
A0 48 0 W
EDI
7.7
' 1/009
0>
1 >
2> 3
3.> 4
4 ., 5
10 2i 5811
5>6
6> 7
3.43
10 11 59 N
971
It
9 59 59 N
12.2 km
6 Nm
Figure-13: Model simulation of a 1,500-bbl wet season condensate spill showing

a) water surface probability of oiling and b) travel time contours (ASA, 2009).
33
ASA has indicated that the shift in the simulation from the Pelican Platform to the Oilbird
Platform will not have any significant changes to the results above and the impacts
outlined thereunder.
Impacts on Ambient Air Quality
A diesel fuel or condensate spill would affect ambient air quality in the immediate
vicinity of the spill, introducing VOCs through evaporation. Evaporation is greatest
within the first 24 hours and resulting VOCs would not last long due to rapid
volatilization. The more toxic, light aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons would be lost
rapidly by both evaporation and dissolution (National Research Council, 1985; Payne et
al., 1987). Evaporated hydrocarbons would degrade rapidly in sunlight. Biodegradation
of oil on the water surface and in the water column by marine bacteria and fungi would
initially remove the n-alkanes and subsequently the light aromatics. Other components
would biodegrade more slowly. Photo-oxidation would mainly attack the medium and
high molecular weight PAHs of the spill. The extent and persistence of impacts would
depend on meteorological and oceanographic conditions at the time.
Overall, the accidental release of diesel fuel and/or condensate would have direct,
negative, reversible, short term, low impacts on ambient local air quality. No impacts on
regional air quality and little or no impacts on ambient air quality in coastal areas would
be expected.
Impacts on Marine Water Quality
For a small <5-bbl diesel fuel or condensate spill (e.g., during support vessel-platform
transfer), localised marine water quality (in the upper portions of the water column close
to the spill site) would be affected by increased hydrocarbon concentrations. Natural
weathering processes would rapidly remove hydrocarbons from the water column and
dilute the constituents to background levels. For the extremely rare case of a larger spill,
for example the 500-bbl diesel fuel and 1500-bbl condensate spills modelled by ASA
(2009), the spill would be more persistent to weathering and would be transported
northwest in the directions shown in Figures 10 to 13.
Diesel fuel spills of the magnitude modelled by ASA (2009) have a 10% to 30% chance
of impacting the shoreline, beaches, and sensitive marine habitats along southeast
Trinidad if left uncontrolled with inadequate/no oil spill response (an unlikely scenario)
within 1 to 2 days (see Figures 10 and 11). Economic activities, such as fishing and local
tourism, may be adversely affected by the spill and clean-up operations. Residents of
Trinidad and Tobago may realize low-level impacts due to minor fouling of beaches,
wetlands, and other recreational areas.
34
Condensate spills of the magnitude modelled by ASA (2009) are unlikely to reach the
shoreline (given the higher volatility, the higher rate of weathering, and the smaller travel
distances of condensate) and would therefore have less of an impact on the shoreline,
beaches and sensitive marine habitats along southeast Trinidad (see Figures 12 and 13).
Both the ASA (2009) 500-bbl diesel fuel and 1,500-bbl condensate spills are highly
unlikely (i.e., <1 % chance of occurring) and extremely rare scenarios. Oil spill response
plans and measures would also be in place and would be implemented, further reducing
any impacts related to these highly unlikely spill events.
In this context, therefore, the accidental release of diesel fuel and/or condensate would
have direct, negative, reversible, short term, low impacts on local marine water quality
(within a few kilometers of the spill). No impacts on regional marine water quality and
little or no impacts on marine water quality in coastal areas would be expected.
Transboundary effects, with other countries such as Venezuela, are also not expected.
Impacts on Marine Birds, Turtles, Mammals, Fish, and Plankton

A diesel or condensate spill would locally degrade marine water quality, producing
elevated hydrocarbon concentrations in the water column over a period of a few days.
Some components of diesel fuel are highly toxic to marine flora and fauna (National
Research Council, 1985; Capuzzo, 1987; Spies, 1987) and would affect marine birds,
turtles, mammals, fish, and plankton that come in direct contact with the spill.
Direct contact of marine birds with oil may result in the fouling/matting of feathers, with
subsequent limitation/loss of flight capability and loss of insulating/water repellent
capabilities. Irritation or inflammation of skin and sensitive tissues such as eyes and other
mucous membranes may also occur. Toxic impacts would arise from ingested oil and the
inhalation of oil and oil-related volatile distillates.
Sea turtles usually do not avoid contact with oil, either on the sea surface or onshore, and
may even seek out and ingest tar balls (Odell and MacMurray, 1986; Lohoefener et al.,
1990). If a sea turtle does encounter a large spill on the sea surface, there is a high
probability that the turtle will suffer injury and possibly death (Lutcavage et al., 1995,
1997). A loggerhead turtle was observed to surface repeatedly within an oil slick for
more than an hour in the western Gulf of Mexico (Lohoefener et al., 1990). Leatherback
sea turtles, in particular, may ingest tar balls, mistaking them for their preferred prey of
gelatinous zooplankton.
All species and life stages of sea turtles are vulnerable to injury from encounters with oil.
Oil can adhere to the body surface and cling to the nares, eyes, and the upper esophagus
of sea turtles, causing contact dermatitis (Lutcavage et al., 1995). Mucus membranes
35
around the eyes, nose, and mouth may become irritated and damaged by oil contact.
Short term contact with, or ingestion of, oil may cause significant changes in respiration,
blood chemistry, metabolism, and diving behavior. Salt gland function has also been
shown to be inhibited immediately after oil exposure, returning to normal within several
weeks following exposure. In the field, these impacts would cause a variety of sub-lethal
physiological effects that may lessen the ability of the turtle to cope with normal
environmental stresses. Inhalation of hydrocarbon vapors may cause respiratory
pathology and systemic toxicity.
Marine mammals may be impacted by spills in a number of ways, including inhalation of
hydrocarbon vapors, direct skin contact, ingestion of oil droplets (or contaminated prey),
and fouling of baleen plates (Geraci and St. Aubin, 1987; Geraci, 1990; Loughlin et al.,
1996). Whales and dolphins can detect oil slicks on the sea surface but do not always
avoid them. Because cetaceans apparently do not avoid oil slicks, they may be vulnerable
to inhalation of hydrocarbon vapors.
Cetacean skin is highly impermeable to oil and not seriously irritated by brief exposure to
environmentally-realistic amounts of oil (Geraci, 1990). However, if a cetacean surfaces
directly within a fresh spill, it may inhale hydrocarbon vapors, possibly leading to
irritation and congestion of the lungs and bronchi. Absorption of volatile hydrocarbons
through the lungs can lead to liver damage and may be a greater hazard to cetaceans than
the ingestion of oil or oil-contaminated prey (Geraci, 1990). Vapor concentrations of
volatile hydrocarbons may be high enough just above a fresh spill to cause systemic
damage for a few hours after the spill (particularly if the oil is a light crude, condensate,
or light/middle distillate fuel).
There is no evidence that ingestion of oil (as droplets or contaminated prey) represents a
significant risk to baleen and toothed cetaceans. Fouling of the baleen feeding apparatus
of baleen whales has not been observed. If it does occur, it is probably transitory and not
debilitating. Preferred prey items are not likely to be sufficiently contaminated to pose a
significant health risk to cetaceans.
Most studies of sea turtle and marine mammal response to oil exposure have either dealt
with large volumes of spilled oil or summarized results from experimental exposure.
While these observations are applicable to exposure to larger spills, a small diesel fuel or
condensate spill scenario is unlikely to elicit the serious effects previously noted. Small
diesel fuel spill impacts on marine turtles and mammals would be negligible.
Fish are unlikely to come in contact with a surface spill. Large surface spills would not
be significant enough to completely deprive the water column of dissolved oxygen,
thereby causing fish mortality. Phytoplankton and zooplankton may, however, be killed
or experience sublethal effects, primarily as a result of direct contact.
36
Large 500-bbl diesel fuel and 1,500-bbl condensate spills are highly unlikely and would
be extremely rare (ASA, 2009). Spill response plans and measures would be in place and
would be implemented, further reducing any impacts related to these highly unlikely spill
events. Coupled with the fact that population densities of marine turtles and mammals are
relatively low in the SECC Block, overall, the accidental release of diesel fuel and/or
condensate would have direct, negative, reversible, short term, low impacts on marine
birds, turtles, mammals, fish, and plankton. This impact would be restricted to within a
few kilometers of the spill.
Impacts on Benthic Communities and Coastal Habitats

A large diesel or condensate spill could have impacts on benthic communities (in shallow
coastal areas) and coastal habitats if the spill reached the coast of Trinidad. The east and
southeast coasts of Trinidad include a variety of important habitats, including reefs,
mangroves, seagrass beds (at Guayaguayare Bay), and critical wildlife habitats (Walsh,
2002).
Reef corals can be indirectly impacted by a spill, through dissolved fractions/suspended
small aggregations, or directly impacted, if the spilled product is heavy enough to sink to
the seafloor and/or sea and water depth conditions permit mixing to the seabed (National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2001). In the case of a condensate spill, the
liquid hydrocarbon would be very light and, therefore, would unlikely sink to the seabed.
Oil exposure would kill corals and entire coral colonies. Chronic impacts include
histological, biochemical, behavioral, reproductive, and developmental effects. Sub-lethal
oil exposure can affect normal biological functions, including reproduction and
recruitment. In addition, spills may also adversely affect associated fish, invertebrates,
and flora in the reef community (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
2001).
Mangroves are highly susceptible to oil exposure and may be killed within a few weeks
to several months of exposure (Hoff, 2002). Mangrove-associated invertebrates and
plants may recover more quickly from oiling than the mangroves themselves. The
amount of oil reaching the mangroves and the length of time the spill remains are key
factors in determining the severity of the impact.
Spills generally will pass over subtidal seagrass beds with no direct contamination.
However, in shallow subtidal areas, spills that are heavier than seawater can become
trapped in seagrass beds, coating seagrass leaves and sediments. Oiled seagrass blades are
quickly defoliated. Seagrass-associated invertebrates may also be affected due to toxicity,
smothering, or loss of habitat. Following an oil spill in Panama, subtidal seagrass beds
37
showed sublethal impacts, but mostly recovered within 8 months. The fauna of oiled
seagrass beds remained highly altered for 2 to 3 years post-spill (Marshall et al., 1993).
be extremely rare (ASA, 2009). Spill response plans and measures would be in place and
would be implemented, further reducing any impacts related to these highly unlikely spill
events.
Significant quantities of diesel fuel and/or condensate are unlikely to reach the east and
southeast coasts of Trinidad in quantities that would cause significant damage to coastal
benthic communities and habitats. Overall, the accidental release of diesel fuel and/or
condensate would have direct/indirect, negative, reversible, short term, low impacts on
benthic communities and coastal habitats. The impact area is likely to be restricted to the
SECC Block (within a few kilometers of the spill) and would not impact the seafloor.
Impacts on Shipping and the Maritime Industry

Diesel or condensate spills (large or small) are unlikely to have impacts on shipping and
the maritime industry. A Tier-II response may be necessary and, under these
circumstances, spill containment, clean-up operations, and other support activity may
require the use of additional vessels, aircraft, and personnel (which could come from the
local shipping/maritime industry).
Maritime traffic would be excluded from the spill-response area for a brief period of
time. However, there are no major commercial shipping lanes between the SECC Block
and the east/southeast coast of Trinidad and major commercial shipping lanes would
therefore not be impacted (by either a large or small diesel or condensate spill). Large
500-bbl diesel fuel and 1,500-bbl condensate spills are highly unlikely and would be
extremely rare (ASA, 2009).
negative, reversible, short term, low impacts on shipping and the maritime industry.
Impacts on Fisheries
A large diesel or condensate spill could have impacts on commercial fishing if the spill
went uncontrolled for several days and reached the coast of Trinidad. Fishing activities in
the spill paths, shown in Figures 10 to 13, could temporarily be disrupted by both the
spill and the ensuing clean-up operations. The duration would probably be a few days to
a few weeks.
38
be extremely rare (ASA, 2009). Smaller spills <5 bbl would be more likely and would be
restricted to a significantly smaller impact area (within the SECC Block and a few
kilometers of the spill).
negative, reversible, short term, low impacts on fishing and the fishing industry.
Cumulative Impacts
Cumulative impacts are considered to be the accumulation of human-induced changes in
valued environmental components over time and across space in an additive or interactive
manner. Time, distance, and dispersion/dilution are key to minimizing cumulative
impacts. If project activities are close together and discharges or emissions overlap,
effects or impacts could be cumulative. If they do not overlap substantially, impacts
probably are not cumulative. Dissipation of cuttings piles can occur with time, so even
operations located close together spatially could have little cumulative impact depending
on the time factor.
Air Quality
Emissions from diesel engines aboard other offshore oil and gas facilities off southeastern
Trinidad are continuous. Support vessels and helicopters also periodically visit these
facilities for routine maintenance, supply trips, and crew change out. All of these
emissions are being released into a large offshore area (i.e., the cumulative study area)
encompassing roughly 4,000 km2 (1,544 mi2); by comparison, Block SECC is 315 km2
(-121 mi2). Given the current ambient offshore air quality, the addition of the Oilbird
Platform activities (i.e., short-term emissions from drilling and re-completion;
intermittent and short-term emissions from support vessels and helicopters) is expected to
produce negligible increases to total emissions in the region. The potential for significant
cumulative impact to air quality is extremely low.
Geology
Bottom sediments will be disturbed during placement of the platform and drilling rig, and
installation of the pipeline. The total area of seafloor disturbance from the platform and
drilling rig is 37,272 m2 (122,289 ft2). This represents an extremely small fraction of total
seafloor disturbed by other oil and gas facilities and pipelines. Cumulative impacts to
bottom sediments are negligible.
39
Water and Sediment Quality

The anticipated level of pollutants in liquid effluents will be minimal and transient. The
radial extent beyond which impacts of effluent from project activities are negligible will
be on the order of tens to hundreds of meters. There are no other drilling activities
proposed in close proximity to the proposed project site. Previous exploratory activities,
coupled with current production operations, have not adversely affected water quality in
the study area. No cumulative impacts are anticipated.
Drilling of the Oilbird production wells may result in elevated barium concentrations near
the platform and drilling rig. Studies by Boothe and Presley (1989) of the mass balance of
the barium derived from drilling fluids show that for nearshore operations, only 1% of the
barium used was present in the vicinity (within 500 m [1,641 ft]) of the drillsite. For
offshore operations, 12% of the barium used was present near site. The remainder is
thought to be spread over large areas. The lower barium concentrations in near-site
sediments in nearshore areas are believed to be due to significant resuspension and
removal of bottom sediments occurring in the high current nearshore environment
compared to the offshore environment.
Boothe and Presley (1989) suggest that within 500 m (1,641 ft) of a drillsite, the effect of
multiple wells on sediment barium concentrations is additive. This means that the mass of
residual barium increases with the number of wells drilled in an area. For nearshore
environments, 1% of the barium used will remain within 500 m (1,641 ft) of the drillsite.
Wells drilled within 500 m (1,641 ft) of each other may exhibit increases in sediment
barium concentrations as a result of the accumulation of 1% of the barium used for each
well. With increased drilling operations in close proximity over time, barium
concentrations may increase, although this may have no ecological significance.
However, based on benthic ecology studies near drilling platforms, it is unlikely the
anthropogenic barium in these sediments even at elevated concentrations is producing a
measurable ecological effect. Impacts may be due to the change in the physical nature of
the sediments arising from the deposition of drilling fluid and cuttings or hydrocarbons
associated with them.
Marine Life
In a cumulative context, the addition of the Oilbird development wells will add minor
incremental impacts to a benthic environment (e.g., crushing, injury, burial, or stress;
burial by drilling discharges) already disturbed by other exploration and development
activities and in varying stages of recolonization. Short-term alterations in sediment grain
size and chemical content (from drilling muds, cuttings) are subject to currents and
bioturbation. There is little evidence of drilling activity in the study area, with the
exception of elevated barium levels in sediments near dashes. It is unlikely that benthic
40
communities will be affected by cumulative produced water discharges, due to dilution

and dispersion and the low bioavailability of produced water components.
Fishes and other water column organisms in offshore waters near the Oilbird production
platform may be temporarily affected by drilling rig mobilization (via resuspension of
bottom sediments) and routine discharges. However, turbidity will be temporary, and no
cumulative impacts are evident. The presence of another platform will attract fishes,
providing shelter and food in the form of attached fouling biota; this artificial reef effect
is considered a beneficial impact.
In general, marine mammals and sea turtles are unlikely to come in contact with project
activities and therefore are unlikely to be affected by the project or the cumulative
impacts of other facilities and support activities in the cumulative study area. There is a
remote possibility of a supply boat striking a marine mammal or sea turtle during routine
operations. Increased vessel activity associated with drilling rig mobilization slightly
increases the potential for a boat strike, although many marine mammals are agile
swimmers and are unlikely to collide with vessels. Sea turtles spend a limited amount of
time at the sea surface, reducing the potential for interaction with vessels. Sea turtles can
become entangled in and ingest trash and debris, including materials lost overboard
during offshore oil and gas operations. Because solid waste will be transported to shore
for disposal and will not be disposed overboard, debris-related impacts on sea turtles are
not anticipated.
Socioeconomic Environment
The drilling and re-completion project may result in limited employment and income
opportunities for local individuals, contractors, and businesses, which is a direct
beneficial impact. Cumulative operations offshore Trinidad requires skilled labor and
subcontractors for a majority of the manpower requirements (e.g., drillers, assistant
drillers, roughnecks, roustabouts, craftsmen, and general laborers). Increases in offshore
activity contribute to an improved national and local economy due to direct income, tax
revenues, and increased energy supply for industrial development, a direct beneficial
impact.
There are no known shipwrecks or other archaeological sites in the cumulative study
area. Few conflicts with artisinal fishing activities have been observed by service vessels
(i.e., most fishing occurs within 40 km [22 nmi] of land), and there are no data to support
claims that cumulative operations have adversely affected fishing success. Any minor
conflicts with the fishing industry during support operations are adequately mitigated via
Notices to Mariners.
41
In a cumulative context, there are few benefits or losses to the nearby communities if the
drilling is not initiated. Benefits from other offshore oil and gas operations will continue
to accrue to Trinidad and Tobago as a whole. If the project is initiated, a small amount of
additional revenue sharing will result. Overall, benefits will include an expanded tax
base, the possibility of an enhanced job market arising from drilling and support
activities, and an increased stability of the energy supply available to Trinidad and
Tobago.
Public Health and Safety
The drilling and re-completion and associated activities are not expected to produce
significant direct impacts on public health and safety, including health services, police,
fire, or emergency services. Cumulative impacts to public health and safety from all
offshore operations are minimal. Oil and gas operators have utilized best engineering
practices during platform/facility design, installation, and operation to minimize accident
risk. Control systems (e.g., BOPs, block valves) allow operators to shut in wells or shut
down pipelines in the event of an accident or upset.
Noise
Due to the distance offshore, there are no known sensitive receptors within range of
airborne noise from the project site or the numerous facilities found offshore southeastern
Trinidad. Underwater noise from the drilling rig or platform (engines, generators, pumps,
etc.), support vessels, and helicopters could have minor impacts on marine mammals,
eliciting temporary avoidance of certain areas, but with little effect on normal behavior.
No significant cumulative impacts to other marine species (e.g., sea turtles, fish) are
expected.
Visual
Due to the distance from shore, the project will not have any impacts on visual conditions
in the area. The project location is not considered a scenic vista, and cumulative impacts
to the visual element are considered negligible.
Marine Traffic
Drilling and re-completion activities are short lived 185 days. Additional support vessel
trips out of Chaguaramas are expected to support drilling and re-completion activities.
The Chaguaramas area is very busy, with both industrial and pleasure craft utilizing the
shore facilities. Increases in offshore activity, although short-term, will produce
incremental and short-term impacts on marine traffic.
42
Following the drilling rig demobilization, the platform will be monitored continually and
manned routinely for maintenance (i.e., one visit per week); no new support vessel trips
out of Chaguaramas are expected during routine maintenance of the Oilbird Platform. In
total, cumulative marine traffic impacts are considered to be negligible at Chaguaramas.
Infrastructure and Services
The proposed project may have limited impacts on resources shared with other oil and
gas operators and other stakeholders, particularly for logistical resources such as boats,
docks, routes, and helicopters. The extent of potential space- or resource-use conflicts
and their actual impacts is not known. Direct and significant impacts on other oil and gas
operations and stakeholders are not expected.
Contribution to Climate Change

The most significant negative cumulative impact from the Project is the greenhouse gas
impact from the combustion of natural gas during the flaring and fuel consumption by
machinery such as generators and compressors. The combustion of natural gas and fuel
results in the generation of greenhouse gases such as CO2. These gases trap the energy of
the sun and results in the greenhouse effect i.e. a rise in the Earth's temperature.
The CO2 emissions for the Project was calculated based on the Calculation Tool for
Direct Emissions from Stationary Combustion, prepared by Michael Gillenwater (2005;
see Appendix E.3 for an example of calculations). CO2 from fuel consumption was
estimated at 498.54 metric tons from the consumption of approximately 1,187 bbls of
fuel over the 100-day Project period. CO2 from flaring was estimated at 4.40 metric
tonnes based on the estimate of 80,000 scf of natural gas being flared. Emission volumes
were calculated based on flaring and fuel consumption only i.e. these do not include
Green House Gas (GHG) contributions from other potential sources of fugitive
emissions.
The total volume of CO2 produced for the Project represents <0.003% of the Trinidad
and Tobago's total CO2 emissions based on a total CO2 value of 18,089.9 thousand
metric tonnes (Nation Master 2010). Climate change predictions by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) include a rise in sea-level, an
increase in average temperatures, an increase in the frequency of temperature extremes,
an increase in the intensity and severity of storms and an increase in the frequency of
rainfall extremes (floods and droughts). Precautionary concerns warrant "future proofing"
of the potential impact from predicted climate change.
43
Table-8: Impacts and mitigation measures for project-related activities and accidents.
Project Activity/
Source of Impact
Resources Affected
Description of Impact
Impact Significance
before Mitigation
Mitigation Measures
(in addition to standard
management procedures)
Residual
Impact
Significance
ROUTINE OPERATIONS
Rig Mobilization and Installation
Ambient Air Quality
Support vessels would emit air

pollutants that could degrade ambient Low
air quality.
Ambient Noise Levels
helicopter
Support
vessel
and
operations would emit noise.
Marine turtles and mammals could be

Marine Turtles and Mammals impacted by lost trash/debris, vessel Low
strikes, and underwater noise.
Transportation Offshore
Sanitary and
Waste Disposal
Domestic
Shipping would be impacted by

Shipping and the Maritime
increased congestion, increased vessel Low
Industry
movements and risk of collision.
Fisheries
Fisheries could be impacted by loss ofIMF

equipment, loss of fishing time,
Medium
increased congestion, and risk of
collision.
Employment
Supportand
vessels additional usage
would offer short-term incremental Beneficial
employment.
lliki
-
Marine Water Quality
Supportsanitary
vessel
waste, domestic
waste, and bilge water could impact
Low
offshore (open ocean) marine water
quality.
Sediment would be disturbed and pi V

suspended into the water column during
drilling spud can placement.
Millin
Mud mounds created around drilling
Topography/
Seabed
spud cans could alter seabed Low
Sediment Quality
topography/sediment quality.

Installation
Benthic Communities
Benthic organisms would be crushed
Routinely inspect and maintain support

vessel/equipment engines and
generators.
Issue personal hearing protection
(if needed) to vessel/project personnel
Restrict drilling rig tow and support
vessel routes to established ship lanes.
Conduct early consultation with
relevant stakeholders.
Provide Notice to Mariners.
Conduct continual bridge watches for
fauna, other vessels, and hazards.
Conduct support vessel audits to ensure
they are adequately and properly
equipped for drilling rig transport and
comply with regulatory requirements.
Negligible
Negligible
Negligible
to
Low
Low
Low
6111
'
1111
Contractually obligate the rig transport
contractor to adhere to EOGRTL's
Waste Management Program and Low
MARPOL requirements for offshore
disposal.
Carefully position and place the
Low
drilling rig spud cans.
A Legs will be placed in original position
used in 2007 Oilbird Development.
Low
44
and smothered by mud mounds created

around drilling rig spud cans.
Rig Daily Operation
General Physical Presence
The drill rig would generate noise from

normal operations. (This is primarily an Low
occupational safety and health impact.)
Low
Marine Birds
Marine birds could be attracted to the Illikligibl

drill rig, causing collisions or providing and
resting places.
Beneficial
Negligible
Beneficial
Marine Turtles and Mammals

attracted to the drill rig, causing Negligible
distraction and disturbance.

(if needed) to drill rig/project personnel. Negligible
Marine Fish and Plankton
Marine fish and plankton could be

Negligible
attracted to the drill rig.
Negligible
Employment
The drill rig would offer short-term

Beneficial
employment.
Beneficial
Aesthetics
Physical presence.
'gible
Deck Drainage
Deck
drainage
and
inherent
contaminants such as hydrocarbons
could alter marine water quality.
quali
egligible
All deck drainage discharges must be
treated as appropriate or monitored to
ensure compliance with the Water
Pollution Rules.
Occasionally (e.g., monthly) monitor
effluent leaving the drill rig oil-water
separator system, just prior to
discharge.
Daily (visual) monitor the sea surface
for sheen.
Occasionally clean the deck floor of
any hydrocarbons.
Rig Engine and Generator

Operation
Ambient Air Quality
Rig engines/generators would emit air

pollutants that could degrade ambient
Low
air quality. Contribution to climate
change.
Rig engines/generators would emit

Low
noise.
(This
is
primarily
an
Routinely inspect and maintain drill rig

engines and generators.
Use low sulfur diesel, if available.
(if needed)
to
drill
rig/project
Low
personnel.
an'

45
occupational safety and health issue.)
Sanitary and
Waste Disposal
Domestic
Treat sanitary waste prior to discharge

to ensure compliance with the Water
Pollution Rules.
Occasionally (e.g., monthly) monitor Low
effluent leaving the drill rig sewage
treatment system, just prior to
discharge.
Drill rig sanitary and domestic waste

disposal could alter marine water
quality including biochemical oxygen
demand, suspended solids, and
nutrients.
Primarily due to contaminated solid

material which will have a localised Low
impact.
Physical presence of solid material on

Seabed Topography/Sediment
seafloor. If contaminated, can have Low
Quality
localised effect sediment quality.
Solid
Waste
Disposal
Physical hazards to marine life;
(accidental overboard)
Marine Birds, Turtles and
ingestion of material such as plastics Low
Mammals
can cause injury, death.
Support
Vessel
Helicopter Operation
Benthic Communities
Localised smothering
organisms.
Coastal Habitats
Aesthetic impacts on coastline.
Ambient Air Quality
Support vessel and helicopter engines

would emit air pollutants that could
Low
degrade
ambient
air
quality.
Contribution to climate change.
Support vessel and helicopter engines lalm.'

Negligible
would emit noise.
Support vessel sanitary waste, domestic

Medium
quality.
Marine Birds
Support vessel and helicopter noise

could disturb birds. Helicopters could Low
strike birds.

Low
impacted by lost trash/debris, vessel
and
of
benthic
Review and follow EOGRTL's Waste rIF

gligible
Management Program.
Review and continue to conduct
Pelican Platform daily (visual) watches
for lost/floating debris, taking the
Negligible
necessary steps to prevent or retrieve,
as appropriate.
Negligible
Low
Negligible
Low
Negligible
vessel (and helicopter) engines.
(if needed) to vessel/project personnel
Contractually obligate support vessels
to adhere to EOGRTL's Waste
Management Program.
Restrict support vessel routes to
established shipping lanes.
Plan helicopter flight paths and use
established helicopter routes to avoid
populated areas, wildlife areas, and
bird colonies.
Conduct routine helicopter flights
during daylight hours only.
Negligible
elegligible
Low
Low
Low

46

Shipping could be impacted by
increased congestion and risk of Low
Industry,
collision.
Fisheries
Fisheries could be impacted by loss of

equipment, increased congestion, and Low
risk of collision.
Employment
vessels
would
offer
Support
Beneficial
incremental short-term employment.
Conduct continual bridge and cockpit Low

for
fauna,
other
watches
vessels/aircrafts, and hazards.
Conduct support vessel audits to ensure Low
equipped and fit for purpose.
Lneficial
Drilling, Well Completion, and Well Testing
Drill Bit Operation
Ambient Air Quality
Drilling would require running the rig

engines/generators, which would emit Low
air pollutants on a continual basis.
Drilling would require running the rig

engines/generators, which would emit Negligible
noise on a continual basis.
Initial jetting and drilling, prior to

introduction of the well casing, would Low
generate turbidity plumes.
OW
Negligible

Marine Turtles and Mammals impacted and disturbed by underwater Low
noise associated with drilling.
Benthic Communities
Drilling Fluid Usage, Drill Marine Water Quality

Cuttings,
and
Muds
Generation
Benthic communities would be lost and

smothered during initial jetting of the Negligible
well hole into the seafloor.
Drilling discharges would result in

localised increases in suspended solids
Medium
andbarium in the water column around
the rig.
Drilling fluids and cuttings would

Topography/
Seabed
accumulate on the seafloor and could
Sediment Quality
alter seabed topography and sediment
r.
Negligible
Routinely inspect and maintain drill rig
engines and generators.
Use low-sulphur diesel, if available.
Low
drill
rig/project
(if needed) to
personnel.
Low
Negligible
Use a muds/cuttings treatment system

to minimise residual fluid on cuttings.
Use only the proposed water-based
Low
muds (WBMs) and synthetic-based
muds (SBMs) that meet LC-50
requirements.
Perform rig hose management/transfer
Low
procedure audits to prevent accidental

47
releases of SBF.
Visually monitor drilling fluid transfers
and handling.
Low
Use a muds/cuttings treatment system
to minimise residual fluid on cuttings.
Use only the proposed WBMs and
Low
SBMs that meet LC-50 requirements.
quality.
Drillingdischarge plumes could reduce

photosynthesis, interfere with fish Low
feeding, and affect zooplankton.
Benthic Communities
Benthic communities would be

smothered under settling (discharged) Low
drilling fluids and cuttings.
A cement plume would be generated as

excess cement emerges from the
Low
borehole during cementing of the well
casings.
Cement Usage
The cementing process will be

monitored to minimise excess cement
from entering the environment.
Seabed topography/sediment quality

Seabed
Topography/
would be altered by excess cement
Sediment Quality
emergence from the boreholes.
Low
Rig Demobilization and Removal
Sediment would be disturbed and

suspended into the water column during Low
drilling rig spud can removal.
Low
Deep holes left by the drilling rig spud

Topography/
Seabed
cans
could
alter
seabed Low
Sediment Quality
topography/sediment quality.
Low
Rig Removal
Benthic Communities
Benthic organisms would re-colonize

the seafloor disturbed by the drilling rig
spud cans.
Ambient Air Quality
Support vessels would emit air

pollutants that could degrade ambient Low
air quality.
Support vessels would emit noise.
Support vessel sanitary waste, domestic

Low
quality.
ReturnTransportation

Marine Turtles and Mammals impacted by lost trash/debris, vessel Low
1011111.1,MP
.
vial
Beneficial

and
vessel/equipment
engines
generators.
(if needed) to vessel/project personnel.
Contractually obligate the rig transport
contractor to adhere to EOGRTL's
Waste Management Program.
Restrict drilling rig tow and support
vessel routes to established shipping
lanes.
Negligible
%WM
Low
Low

48
Shipping could be impacted by

increased congestion and risk of Low
Industry
collision.
Fisheries
Fisheries could be impacted by loss of 111-equipment, loss of fishing time,

Medium
increased congestion, and risk of
collision.
Employment
Support vessels would offer short-term

Beneficial
employment.
L,
Conduct early consultation with

Low
relevant stakeholders.
Provide Notice to Mariners.
Conduct continuous bridge watches for
fauna, other vessels, and hazards.
Low
Conduct support vessel audits to ensure
equipped for drill rig transport.
Well Operation
Produced Water Disposal
Inherent contaminants in produced

water discharges could alter marine
water quality.
Discharged well intervention fluids

, edium
could alter marine water quality.
Negligible
Treat produced water prior to discharge
ensure compliance with the Water
Seabed
Topography/ Discharged produced water pollutants Low
Low
Pollution
Rules.
Sediment Quality
could alter sediment quality.
Contaminants in produced water coullgEl.
_ Eli effluent leaving the drill rig produced Low
affect fish and plankton.
water treatment system, just prior to
Chemicals in discharged produced
discharge.
Negligible
Benthic Communities
could
affect
benthic Medium
water
communities.
Topography/ Discharged well intervention fluids Low

Seabed
could alter sediment quality.
Sediment Quality
Well
Maintenance
Intervention/
Well intervention discharges and/or

contaminants could affect water quality Low
and subsequently fish and plankton.
Benthic Communities
well
in
discharged
Chemicals
intervention fluids could affect benthic Low
communities.
Negligible
ANN Treat intervention fluids prior to
discharge to ensure compliance with
the Water Pollution Rules.
effluent leaving the drill rig produced
water (i.e., well intervention fluid)
treatment system, just prior to
discharge.
Negligible
I
Negligible
Negligible
I
Accidents/Upset Conditions
Blowout of
Condensate
Gas
and Ambient Air Quality

A blowout vapor cloud would alter

Low
ambient air quality.
Disturbed
seafloor
sediments
and
Routinely (e.g., fortnightly) test Low

blowout preventer (BOP) equipment.
Low
49
dissolved natural gas would alter

marine water quality after a subsea
blowout.
Diesel Fuel and Condensate

Spill
Depressions/craters and minor seafloor

Topography/ oiling would result in changes to
Seabed
Medium
Sediment Quality
seabed topography and sediment
quality.
Low
Gas exposure could adversely affect

Medium
marine turtles and mammals.
Low
Gas exposure could adversely affect

Medium
marine fish and plankton.
Low
Benthic Communities
Cratering and minor seafloor oiling

affect
benthic Medium
would
adversely
communities.
Low
Health and Safety
Unconfined vapor cloud explosions

project
could
affect
(UVCEs)
personnel, causing death or injury.
Low
Ambient Air Quality
Evaporating spills would impair

ambient air quality through the Low
introduction of VOCs.
Low
Spills would alter and degrade marine

water quality.
Marine Birds
Spills could cause oiling of marine

birds or have other adverse effects that
could result in death or injury.
Spills could cause oiling of marine

turtles and mammals or have other
adverse effects that could result in
death or injury.
Spills could cause oiling of marine fish

and plankton, or other adverse effects,
which could result in death or injury.
Low
Spills could result in oiling, oil

contamination, and mortality of benthic Low
communities (e.g., reefs and seagrass
Low
Diesel Fuel and Condensate

Benthic Communities
Spill
(Continued)
Il 1-w
Tier
I
and
Deploy
equipment/resources in a manner
commensurate with identified offshore
Low
and coastline risks.
Visually monitor diesel fuel (and any
condensate) transfers and handling.
Daily (visually) monitor the sea surface Low
for oil, fuel, and condensate sheen.
50
beds).
Spills could result in oiling, oil
contamination, and mortality of coastal
habitats (e.g., mangroves).
Low
Maritime traffic would be excluded

from the spill-response area. A Tier-II
.
response could require additional
Industry
vessels and personnel assistance from
the shipping and maritime industry.
Low
Fisheries
Fishing activities could be disrupted by

spills.
Low
Ambient Air Quality
Fires, explosions, venting and/or

emergency flaring would emit air
Medium
pollutants that would degrade ambient
air quality.
Incomplete combustion during any

fires, explosions, or emergency flaring
could result in the fallout of unburned
oil droplets to the sea surface.
Coastal Habitats
Fires/Explosions/
Venting/Flaring
Health and Safety
Fires and/or explosions could affect

project personnel, causing death or
injury.
EOGRTL = EOG Resources Trinidad Limited.

MARPOL = International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships.
MODU = mobile offshore drilling unit.
= volatile organic compound.
VOC
Low
Review and follow EOGRTL's
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
and Emergency Response Plans
(ERPs).
Low
Routinely inspect, maintain, and/or test
all fire and explosion suppression
systems.
Low
51
EMA's Query:
4. Attachment 4, entitled "Environmental Sampling Program for the South East Coast
Consortium (SECC) Block", and Attachment 5, entitled "Description of the
Environment (ETA) for drilling three wells on the Pelican Platform, SECC Block",
provide baseline data for the SECC Block and around the Pelican Platform. These
data were collected between October 2008 and 2009. Please provide a justification
that this historical baseline information is representative of the SECC Block,
including a discussion on the absence of significant changes in conditions from that
time to present.
EOG's Response:
The "Environmental Sampling Program for the South East Coast Consortium (SECC)
Block" and the "Description of the Environment (EIA) for the drilling of three
production wells on the Pelican Platform, SECC Block" provides baseline data for the
SECC Block and around the Pelican Platform. This report will seek to justify that the
data presented is a true representation of the present conditions of the SECC Block.
The justification will be based on the following information:
1999 sampling event for the Oilbird EIA
2008 - 2009 sampling event for the Pelican EIA
2008 2009 sampling event for the Environmental Sampling Program
Climate Patterns, Precipitation, Air Temperature, and Relative Humidity

The climate of Trinidad and Tobago is defined as tropical maritime. While it is
recognized that two primary climate seasons are evident in Trinidad and Tobago, the
duration of each season varies slightly among experts. Gobin (2001) noted that the
climate year is divided into a dry season, lasting from about January to May, and a wet
season, extending from June to December. Henry (1990) noted that the climate is
dominated by two main seasons: a dry season, extending from January to April, and a
wet season, lasting from June to November. May and December were denoted transition
periods between the seasons (Henry, 1990). The seasons are caused by the annual
displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) northward during April to
September, followed by a return of the ITCZ southward during January to March.
Heavy seasonal rainfall results from the movement of the ITCZ and the passage of
storms. A short break in the wet season frequently occurs between September and
October. This break (typically 2 to 3 weeks in duration) is characterised by dry
season-like weather and is locally referred to as the "Petit Careme."
There are two main permanent weather recording stations located within the region at
Crown Point Airport, on the southwest coast of Tobago, and Piarco Airport, north
Trinidad (Figure-14). Long-term (1890 to 1990) historical daily mean temperature
52
maxima and minima, mean monthly air temperatures, and mean monthly precipitation
are presented in Table-9.
42.02lree
e1 veW
eo n
6-
-1
Legend
irdOrri0110/1711A1M1011S
AH Glenn (2008) Oland Analyses SHOon

Pelican Platform
E00 Resources TrInslea l le SE CC Block
Conmaclnn 810.1,5
*3 1 300 -1,
10
GO Wave
01 OVW
20 20 40
50 60 Kilometers
al*
snow
Figure-14: Meteorological data stations.
Table-9: Climatological information for Piarco and Crown Point Airports, 1890 to
1990 (Adapted from: British Meteorological Office, as cited in BGTTL, 2005).
Piarco
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
Mean
Temperature (C)
Daily Mean
Monthly Mean
Temperature (C)
(mm)
Monthly
Precipitation
Daily
Daily
Minimum
Piarco
Crown Point
Piarco
Crown Point
20.0
20.2
20.7
22.0
23.0
23.3
23.0
23.0
23.1
22.6
22.3
21.0
Maximum
31.0
31.5
32.3
33.0
33.1
31.5
31.3
31.7
32.2
32.2
31.5
31.1
24.8
25.0
25.7
26.5
26.9
26.4
26.2
26.4
26.5
26.4
25.9
25.2
26.1
26.2
26.6
27.5
27.8
27.3
27.0
27.2
27.4
27.3
26.9
26.4
71
43
34
51
117
252
266
250
203
199
228
156
44
58
32
35
71
162
199
143
162
191
205
123
22.0
31.9
25.9
27.0
Total =1,870
Total =1,425
53
Average annual minimum and maximum temperatures at Piarco were 22C and 31.9C,
respectively. The coolest months (based on monthly temperature means) were between
December and April, coinciding with the dry season and winter in North America. The
hottest months were between May and November, spanning the wet season and
summer/autumn in North America. Average annual rainfall on Trinidad was
approximately 2,000 mm, approximately 81% of which falls during the wet season
(Coastal Dynamics, 2004). Mean relative humidity varies between 70% and 85%. This
information represents the entire offshore and onshore areas of Trinidad and Tobago,
including the project area.
Bathymetry
Trinidad and Tobago are located on the continental shelf off the eastern coast of
Venezuela (UK Hydrographic Office, 2003). In this area, the continental shelf stretches
approximately 70 to 80 km east of the open ocean coastline of Trinidad. Water depths at
the edge of the continental shelf slope break are 100 m (Figure-15).
Manzanilla Bank stretches in a northeast direction off the eastern coastline of Trinidad,
near Point Radix. This shallow ridge extends for approximately 42 km from the
shoreline at Point Radix to Darien Rock. Water depths over Manzanilla Bank are
generally less than 20 m. Tourmaline Shoals lie south of Manzanilla Bank, within
Mayaro Bay. Tourmaline Shoals are an area of hard bottom substrate located
approximately 6 to 10 km offshore of south-eastern Trinidad. Waters depths over
Tourmaline Shoals, are between 16 and 20 m. Another area of hard bottom substrate
lies farther to the north at Emerald Shoals. These shoals are located approximately 32
km east-southeast of Galera Point and approximately 50 km south of Tobago. Water
depths over Emerald Shoals are generally less than 40 m and in some places less than
20 m. Emerald Shoals cover an area of approximately 115 km2. Approximately 11 km
south of Galeota Point and approximately 26 km west of the SECC Block, water depths
decrease from offshore water depths of 60 to 50 m at the mouth of Columbus Channel
(i.e., the shipping channel between south Trinidad and Venezuela) over a distance of
20 km.
Bathymetric data, specific to the SECC Block, was not available. SECC Block
bathymetry was interpolated from soundings digitized from British Admiralty Chart No.
493 (UK Hydrographic Office, 2003) and the resulting figure is presented in Figure-16.
Within the SECC Block, water depths range between 59 m (in the northwest and south
west sections of the block) and 73 m (in the northeast section of the block). The seabed
of the block is generally featureless and seafloor outcroppings (e.g., hard bottom shoals)
are noticeably absent. Water depths around the Oilbird Platform are between 68 m and
69 m, similar to the Pelican Platform.
54
-- ____ - =- - <A\
- si'
_ - --_---- ____
-scoc-c2.o
":- .,( 1..-'-/
I*-vli-' ,-- '---_---A
- ,
-8- --__
-----___,---
.---17
71
- -?0,27--
e,/,.tti,--____ _c--...-
r.,--';,--P
__-.--"---N
Point
_:..:,....,7:.,....
- --_ ' ---we 1-- C--------
'
'-''
.'-------r'sF
"ttUt'
Lanilici Point
TRINIDAD
Oolooin Porn,
t_oownel
9 twionont sh000
CI
0
10
20
30
50 tOtantotors
40
Figure-15: Major bathymetric features offshore of the east coast of Trinidad

(UK Hydrographic Office, 2003).
00 0.0,V
0..,
O'
0.
_,,,, tO _ 09 %-
dF
-07.0t
-4
-.L
-
?
)
E 8
41.77 1
t r' "".
3
-
-. n
O,It.I rat
--"---------
moo
.,:t
6-Z----
-71 P
Pantln
a
E
87
u.nyo n
,(1.4101arr.)
6911991001
1=180019191tarune 111111.19111.1 5F[2: Mks J.

0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 0 Kilometer*
=
44
11114
66666
voostrtotoLtsrm_zono_PoP
Figure-16: Bathymetry within the SECC Block (UK Hydrographic Office, 2003).
55
Hydrography
A hydrographic survey was conducted in the SECC Block on 25 October 2008. The
purpose of the survey was to collect hydrographic data in support of the recently
concluded SECC Block EBS (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). Water samples were
collected at seven sampling stations for vertical profiling of temperature, salinity,
dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH. The locations of the seven stations are presented in
Figure-17. A discussion of the vertical characteristics of the water column is presented
in the following subsection entitled Vertical Profile Analysis. Horizontal (among
station) characteristics are discussed in the subsection entitled Horizontal Spatial
Analysis.
<la
OVVYV
-: MCC 1
`
SECC)
SE CC 24
aft
SECC12
SE CC IS
SO
SE CC 23
klastvart
Legend
eon
1,0,t1.4(1 ue se= mock
0 1
2 3 4 5 0 7 S S
etrESSysS
0 PC.Ismaters
CS
Figure-17: Hydrographic profile and water sampling stations in the SECC Block.
56
Vertical Profile Analysis

Vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, DO, and pH are presented in Figures 18 to 21
for Stations SECC1, SECC2, SECC7, SECC12, SECC18, SECC23, and SECC24. The
closest sample point to the Oilbird Platform is SECC2 (Figure-18).
Block SECC Station 1
25 October 2008

25 October 2008
Salinity (PSU)
pH (s.U.)
28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
0
5
7.8
'
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Temperature
SalktNy
8.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Temperature (CC)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
30
32
44
42
6.8
Temperature
Salinity
T
I
3
4
5
Oxygen (mg/L)

25 October 2008
TT
8.6
pH (S.U.)
Salinity (PSU)
34 36 38 40
1
1
8.4
pH
--- Oxygen

25 October 2008
28
8.2
7.2
7.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
7.4
7.e
:*.
pH
Oxygen
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Temperature (C)
3
4
5
Oxygen (mg/L)
Figure-18: Vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and pH at

Stations SECC1 and SECC2 on 25 October 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
57

25 October 2008

25 October 2008
Salinity (PSU)
28
E
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
30
32
34
36
38
pH (s.u.)
40
42
44
1
I
i
.=
a
i
i
i
8. 0
78
Temperature
Salinity
85
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
pH
--- Oxygen
Oxygen (mg/L)
25 October 2008
Salinity (PSIJ)
pH (s.u.)
28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
011111111L
86

25 October 2008
8.4
IJ
Temperature (C)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
8. 2
Temperature
Salinity
/I
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
Temperature (C)
32
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75 80
85
0
7.8
'
8.0
82
8.4
8.6
/
I
I
.1
pH
--- Oxygen
Oxygen (mg/L)

Stations SECC7 and SECC12 on 25 October 2008 (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a).
58

25 October 2008

25 October 2008
Salinity (PSU)
28
30
32
34
36
38
pH (s.u.)
40
42
44
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
7.8
'ix'
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Temperature
Salinity
8.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Temperature (C)
32
34
36
38
8.6
--
pH
--- Oxygen
3
4
5
Oxygen (mg/L)

25 October 2008
Salinity (PSU)
30
8.4
.r

25 October 2008
28
8.2
pH (s.u.)
40
42
7.8
'
44
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45 50
55
60
65
70
Temperature
75
Salinity
80
85 r
IT
T
I
T
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Temperature (C)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
ta. 45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
8.0
8.2
8.4
8.6
:!
pH
--- Oxygen
Oxygen (mg/L)

Stations SECC18 and SECC23 on 25 October 2008 (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a).
59

25 October 2008
Salinity (PSU)
28 3032
i
34 36 38 40 42
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
E
40
45
0 50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85

25 October 2008
pH is
44
11111
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
11
ao
78
L 40
45
g 50
55
60
Temperature
SatiMly
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
...4
4.
65
70
75
80
85
-
pH
- Oxygen
I
3
4
5
Oxygen (mgiL)
Temperature (C)

Station SECC 24 on 25 October 2008.
Two pycnoclines (in water depths between 5 and 10 m; and 42 and 52 m) were evident
in the profiles (Figures 18 to 21), dividing the vertical water column into three layers.
The hydrographic characteristics of each layer are summarized in Table-10.
Table-10: Vertical profile summary of hydrographic data from seven

hydrographic profile stations on 25 October 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Water Layer
Temperature
Salinity
(Depth Range)
(C)
(psu)
st pH
Oxygen
(mg/1 )
Layer 1 (0 to 5 m)
value
Highest value
Maximum variation*
Average
Layer 2 (10 to 42 m)
Lowest value
Highest value
Maximum variation*
Average
Layer 3 (52 m to Seabed)
Lowest value
Highest value
Maximum variation*
Average
Lowest
29.3
29.9
0.6
29.6
25.0
33.5
8.5
30.4
6.5
8.2
1.6
7.8
5.8
6.8
1.0
6.2
26.7
29.7
3.1
28.0
33.1
36.4
3.4
35.9
6.6
8.1
1.5
7.8
5.5
5.9
0.5
5.7
25.3
25.8
0.5
25.4
34.2
36.6
2.4
36.5
7.7
7.8
0.1
7.7
2.5
4.5
1.9
3.1
* Maximum variation = highest value minus lowest value.

60
Wanner, fresher oxygenated water occurred closer to the sea surface in the form of a
lens of lower salinity water between 0 and 5 m. Within this layer, temperatures ranged
from 29.3C to 29.9C with an average of 29.6C. Below the surface layer the average
temperature was 28.0C (middle of the water column) and 25.4C (seafloor layer).
Salinity ranged from 25.0 to 33.5 psu, with an average of 30.4 psu within the upper 5 m
of the water column. Below the surface layer, average salinity was 35.9 psu (Layer 2)
and 36.5 psu (seafloor Layer 3). There were noticeable changes in both DO and pH
within the two pycnocline layers between 5 to 10 m and 42 to 52 m. Within the upper 5
m of the water column, the DO level decreased from an average of 6.2 mg/L (within the
surface layer) to an average of 3.1 mg/L (within the seafloor layer).
Historically, data collected from water column profiling of Station SECC2 during the
wet season in October 1999 (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2000) was comparable
with the more recent CSA International, Inc. (2009a) 25 October 2008 profiling. The
1999 SECC2 profile indicated the presence of a lens of fresher, slightly warmer water in
the upper 3 m of the water column, probably as a result of wet season rains and
increased riverine discharge (Figure-22b). Within this layer, temperatures increased
from 29.9C to 30.1C. Below this surface layer, temperatures decreased from 30.0C
to a minimum of 28.3C near the seafloor. Within the upper 4 m of the water column,
salinities increased from a relatively fresh 17 ppt to >34 ppt, reflecting the influence of
riverine discharge. Below 4 m, salinities increased more gradually to about 36 ppt near
the seafloor. Within the upper 4 m of the water column, DO decreased from 6.4 to
5.5 ppm. DO levels were relatively uniform through the deeper water column. Close to
the sea surface, pH levels decreased from 8.3 to 8.0, and near the seafloor pH was 7.9
(Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 1999, 2000, 2003). The Continental Shelf
Associates, Inc. (2000) October 1999 profiles and the more recent CSA International,
Inc. (2009a) October 2008 profiles both indicated vertical stratification of the water
column, the presence of two wet season pynoclines (between 5 and 10 m; and 42 and 52
m) and three vertical water column layers.
Data collected from water column profiling of Station SECC2 during the dry season in
February 1999 (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 1999) showed that the upper 45 m of
the water column was relatively isothermal (Figure-22a). Water temperatures in this
isothermal layer ranged from 26.53C to 26.71C. Below water depths of 45 m, a
thermocline occurred where temperatures decreased to 23.53C near the seafloor.
Surface salinities were slightly fresh (31.0 ppt) compared to typical open ocean values
(>35 ppt). In the upper 20 m of the water column, salinity increased rapidly with
increasing depth, reaching 35.8 ppt at around a water depth of 20 m. Below 20 m,
salinities increased more slowly compared to the upper 20 m, reaching 37.4 ppt near the
seafloor. Near-surface DO was 6.1 ppm, with levels decreasing slightly in the
isothermal layer of the upper water column. DO decrease markedly in the portion of
the water column corresponding to the thermocline, with near-bottom DO levels
ranging from 3.6 to 4.5 ppm. pH levels decreased slightly with increasing depth,
ranging from 8.0 near the sea surface to 7.8, near the seafloor.
61
Temperature (T)
Salinity (%.)
23 24 25 26 27
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
20
20
a
oo
40
Temperature (C)
28
80
20
20
7.0 7.5 80 8.5 90
20
20 -
E 40
40
8 6
60
10 20 30 40
40
80
Dissolved Oxygen (ppm)
pH
60
so
Dissolved Oxygen (ppm)

7
31
60
100
3 4 5 6
30
E
5a 4
8
80 -
100
29
Salinity (16)
PH
70 7.5 80 8.5 90
20
20
E
40
so
so
80 -
80
100
4')
100
60
Figure-22: Vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and pH

during the dry season a) February and b) wet season October 1999 at SECC2
(From: Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 1999, 2000).
Horizontal Spatial Analysis

The greatest horizontal variations in temperature, salinity, and pH among stations
during the 2008 survey were at the sea surface compared with mid-depth and seafloor
variations (Table-11). Overall, maximum horizontal variations in surface, mid-depth,
and seafloor temperatures (0.2C to 0.6C) and pHs (1.1 to 1.6) were small.
62
Table-11: Surface, mid-depth, and seafloor summaries of hydrographic data

among seven hydrographic profile stations on 25 October 2008 (CSA
International, Inc., 2009a).
Station
Surface (5 m)
SECC1
SECC2
SECC7
SECC12
SECCI8
SECC23
SECC24
Lowest Value
Highest Value
Maximum variation*
Mid-depth (35 m)
SECC1
SECC2
SECC7
SECC12
SECC18
SECC23
SECC24
Lowest Value
Highest Value
Maximum variation*
Seafloor (1 m above Seabed)
SECC1
SECC2
SECC7
SECC12
SECC18
SECC23
SECC24
Lowest Value
Highest Value
Maximum Variation*
Temperature
(C)
Salinity
(psu)
pH
Dissolved Oxygen
(mgIL)
29.7
29.7
29.9
29.4
29.3
29.6
29.5
29.3
29.9
0.6
30.1
32.8
33.5
29.5
31.2
29.6
31.3
29.5
33.5
4.0
8.1
6.5
7.7
8.1
8.1
8.1
8.0
6.5
8.1
1.6
6.2
5.8
6.0
6.4
6.1
6.2
6.1
5.8
6.4
0.6
27.3
27.3
27.3
27.1
27.0
27.4
27.3
27.0
27.4
0.4
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.2
36.3
36.2
36.3
0.1
8.1
6.8
7.8
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.0
6.8
8.1
1.3
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.7
5.6
5.5
5.7
0.2
25.4
25.2
25.2
25.3
25.4
25.3
25.2
25.2
25.4
0.2
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.6
0.1
8.0
6.9
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
6.9
8.0
1.1
4.1
4.2
3.5
2.3
1.6
1.7
3.1
1.6
4.2
2.6
* Maximum variation = highest value minus lowest value.
63
Surface salinity variations were as much as 4 psu, with stations closer to the southern
and western sections of the SECC Block having lower surface salinities than those in
the center and northeastern sections of the block (Figure-23). These variations were
attributed to the presence of a lower salinity lens originating from the Orinoco River
(towards the south-southeast) and the Gulf of Paria (towards the west). Stations closer
to these two sources (SECC1, SECC12, SECC18, and SECC23) had salinity values
ranging between 29.5 and 31.2 psu while stations within the center and northeastern
section of the block (SECC7, SECC24, and SECC2) had salinity values ranging from
31.3 to 33.5 psu. Mid-depth and seafloor horizontal salinity variations were small
(0.1 psu) with a mid-depth range from 36.2 to 36.3 psu and a seafloor range from 36.5
to 36.6 psu (Table-11).
Surface and mid-depth horizontal DO variations were small, with maximum variations
ranging between 0.2 and 0.6 mg/L (Table-11). Close to the seafloor, the maximum
horizontal DO variation was as much as 2.6 mg/L, with stations within the northern and
central sections of the SECC Block (SECC1, SECC2, SECC7, and SECC24) having
higher DO values than stations within the southern sections of the block (SECC12,
SECC18, and SECC23) (Figure 24). Surface DO ranged between 5.8 and 6.4 mg/L,
mid-depth DO ranged between 5.5 and 5.7 mg/L, and seafloor DO ranged between 1.6
and 4.2 mg/L (Table-11).
00,00,
04
.11
KISM adee
an
can v
Legend
.1w...00mph. Protile and Wale. 3.0010.0 31000,10
1.1.9010a
S 11011Y
1a010.1, (534.0)
II 000 Essouross Trish:kW Leci SECC Black
00-4001W
0 1 2
16st
altt
1'1
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kllornalers
1
iiiii
1
aerSSYnno
NOM Ises_urso_zon. 20e.

172,000
Figure-23: Interpolated surface salinities at the hydrographic profile stations on 25

October 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
64
60,360-YY
-tR
SECC18
,"
SE C
C2
K.skaaee
Ban
van
Legend
Hydrogen pnic Pro Be and Water Semphng Stations

Inlegonyes
Olbeolved Oxygen Isagnee (rniad-)
11111600 Rencounzena Trielded Ltd SECC Men..

etrjo-w
S
LAilk
V
ea 4001.1/
BO 31.0.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 9 10 Kilometers
I
1.1
I
1-11
I
I
I
1
V0S_Ifien_kMdEnee_2014
Figure-24: Interpolated seafloor dissolved oxygen concentrations at the

hydrographic profile stations on 25 October 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Tides
Actual field data on tidal fluctuations off the east coast of Trinidad were not available.
In the absence of short-term/long-term site-specific tidal data, published tidal
information was reviewed within WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists (2003).
WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists (2003) derived a representative suite of tidal
constituents (from published constituents at several surrounding locations, including
Nariva River and Guayaguayare Bay) for the BHP Angostura central processing
platform and the Galeota single point mooring (SPM) shown in Figure-25. The derived
tidal constituents are presented in Tables 12 and 13.
Tides were predominantly semidiurnal (two highs and two lows each day) with a
diurnal inequality (difference between successive highs and successive lows). The
dominance of the semidiurnal component of the tide persisted during neap tides. Both
the semidiurnal (approximately 12-hour) and diurnal (approximately 24-hour) tides
appeared to travel northwestwards in deep water, prior to northeastwards and
southeastwards across the wide Trinidad east coast shelf. The major tidal constituents
were the M2 (principal lunar semidiurnal tidal constituent) and the S2 (principal solar
semidiurnal tidal constituent); see Tables 12 and 13.
65
rl
.. 121/s
gostLa CP
f7.
TRINIDAD
1-..ond
a 71.1. Infomuallon steglonts

PrAacan Pindorm
OE00
.......
Ltd SECC Stoat
op.
td-CdSVII
0
1
ca-IN
10
20
30
40
50 Ketemeters
V111241111.4_1.11,11_3onw_217104
Figure-25: WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists (2003) tidal data stations.

Table-12: Four major derived tidal constituents for the BHP Angostura central
processing platform (WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists, 2003).
Tide
01
K1
M2
S2
Frequency, cycles per hour (cph)

0.03873065
0.04178075
0.08051139
0.08333331
Amplitude
(m)
0.075
0.080
0.315
0.100
Phase
(degrees)
179.5
184.0
106.0
120.5
Table-13: Four major derived tidal constituents for the Galeota single point
mooring (WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists, 2003).
Tide
Frequency, cycles per hour (cph)
.41Illarsio
01
K1
M2
S2
0.03873065
0.04178075
0.08051139
0.08333331
Amplitude
(m)
AL_
ii
Phase
(degrees)
0.040
182.0
0.100
0.450
0.120
177.0
101.0
126.0
66
Table-14 shows estimated tide levels at the BHP Angostura central processing platform
and the Galeota SPM, derived from tide height constituents based on 20 years of tidal
data (WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists, 2003). The data indicate that tide range
varies from 1.6 m at Angostura to 1.8 m at Galeota Point.
Table-14: Estimated tide levels at the BHP Angostura Central Processing Platform
and the Galeota single point mooring (WNI Oceanographers and Meteorologists,
2003).
Tide Level
Highest Astronomical Tide (HAT)
Mean High Water Spring (MEWS)
Mean High Water Neap (MHWN)

Mean Sea Level (MSL)
Mean Low Water Neap (MLWN)
Mean Low Water Spring (MLWS)
Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT)
Tide Height
(m)
Angostura CP
Galeota SPM
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.0
-0.3
-0.7
-0.8
0.8
0.5
0.0
-0.4
-0.8
-0.9
Geology
The SECC Block lies on the southeastern Trinidad continental shelf (Figure-26). This
area is part of the Columbus Basin hydrocarbon exploration and production field. The
Columbus Basin forms part of the eastern extension of the Venezuela Basin, which
extends from adjacent South America (Leonard, 1983).
The study area and the Columbus Basin lie within a 200-km wide passive margin plate
boundary zone that stretches from the Venezuelan mainland to Grenada in the Lesser
Antilles (Burke, 1988; Robertson and Burke, 1989). The plates that are juxtaposed here
are the Atlantic Plate (to the east), the South American Plate (to the south and west),
and the Caribbean microplate (to the north and northwest) (Mattson, 1984). The
relative motions along the plate boundaries are a combination of left lateral/westerly
strike slip deformation between the Caribbean and South American Plates, and collision
tectonics between the Caribbean, Atlantic, and South American Plates (Speed, 1985;
Shepherd et al., 1992). Seismic activity on the southeastern Trinidad continental shelf
generally centers on the Los Bajos Fault, which extends through the Gulf of Paria and
along the southern coast of Trinidad (Figure-27).
Two major structural trends characterise the Columbus Basin: a series of east-northeast
trending anticlines and north-northwest oriented normal faults (Figure-27). Most of the
seafloor and buried faults in the area trend north-northeast (Persad, 1985).
The anticlines formed during the Miocene and Pliocene-Pleistocene Epochs (23 million
to 10,000 years ago) in response to right lateral fault displacement along the El Pilar
67
and Los Bajos faults in northern and southern Trinidad, respectively (Leonard, 1983).
Normal faults trending north-northeast formed in response to sediment loading from the
southwest. The faults range from early Pliocene to late Pleistocene (5.3 million years to
10,000 years) in age and generally become younger to the east. Pliocene-Pleistocene
deltaic deposits provided sediment loading and thickening across the faults.
During the Pleistocene, transitional marine sediments were deposited in the western
portion of the Columbus Basin while shelf-slope deposits accumulated to the east. At
the end of the basin, the Pliocene-Pleistocene deposits exceed 7.5 km. To the west,
uplift and erosion has removed much of the Pleistocene portion of the deposits.
Holocene deposition in the Basin has not been extensive. A thin veneer of silty clay
from the Orinoco Delta extends across much of Columbus Basin. Although the main
discharge from the Orinoco River is to the southeast of the basin, the northwest flowing
North Equatorial Current system transports these sediments to the northwest into the
Columbus Basin (van Andel, 1967).
W00W
6750-W
136'50'IN
e.rorow
65017W
133-0'0'W
CARIBBEAN
.
62000NO
60'00U
0157015
SEA
7
b
Cti)
TRINIDAD
:m..2qm=-MBIlrn/OMIramm allirgir '''

Ilit
prOl
o
l
i
liMilli4 ,
?
o
111111116116.
.
774117
411141
14.0"
.. 474."
4*
---4. . ' 4
oz- -
VENEZUELA
z
EAST
-..
______)(----:WS
VENEZUELAN
ORINOCO
TAR
COLUMBUS
BASIN
7:,
BELT
Zone of hdrocarbon
z
o. O accumulations.
itt
.
\
le9end
?!
.o
Es
.
I
I
Pelican Platform
EOG Resources Trinidad Ltd. SECC Block

67110'W
elitlik
CSA
054015
8545W
sethrw
63'05W
62401N
0
50
100
150
200
250
300 Kilometers
Itti 1 1 1 1 I . 1 1 I
MS_IONUTY_Eces_20N
61,
3:0WeD`0UW
N
1.]01000
Figure-26: Structural trends and zones of hydrocarbon accumulations in east

Venezuela, Trinidad and Columbus Basin (Adapted from: Leonard, 1983).
68
Caribbean
Sea
Carupano
Sea Valley
Atlantic
;Ocean
....;
FAULTS
Legend
..:.
Pelican Platform
= EOG Resources Trinidad Ltd. SECC Block

avow
SI avow
0
vow
4ow
20 30 40 50 0310=81m
VICS_INCUTALZank2ON
11200C
Figure-27: Faults within the study area (Adapted from: Bellizia, 1972; Peter and
Westbrook, 1976).
Seismicity
Historical earthquake databases are available for public access and maintained by the
Seismic Research Unit (SRU) of the University of the West Indies and the United States
Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS database spans the last 35 years (1973 to 2008)
and includes information on dates of occurrence, epicenter locations, epicenter depths
and earthquake magnitudes. Figure-28 shows the locations of east coast earthquakes
within the USGS (1973 to 2008) database (by magnitude and at all depths).
Table-15 describes the typical effects of earthquakes of various epicenter magnitudes
(based on U.S. Geological Survey, 2009). This table indicates the relative effects of
earthquake magnitudes (at their epicenters) and should be taken with extreme caution,
given the fact that intensity and ground effects depend not only upon earthquake
magnitudes, but also on the distance to the epicenter, the depth of the earthquakes focus
(beneath the epicenter), and geological conditions (certain terrains and soil types can
amplify seismic signals).
69
Table-15: Relative earthquake effects (by Richter magnitude) realized at

earthquake epicenters (Adapted from: U.S. Geological Survey, 2009).
Richter
Magnitude
Less than 2.0
2.0 2.9
3.0 3.9
Micro
Minor
Minor
4.0 4.9
Light
5.0 5.9
Moderate
6.0 6.9
Strong
7.0 7.9
8.0 8.9
9.0 9.9
10 +
Major
Great
Great
Epic
Micro-earthquakes, not felt.

Generally not felt, but recorded.
Often felt, but rarely causes damage.
Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant
damage unlikely.
Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small
regions. At most, slight damage to well-designed buildings.
Can be destructive in areas up to about 160 km (100 mi) across in
populated areas.
Can cause serious damage over larger areas.
Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred miles across.
Devastating in areas several thousand miles across.
Never recorded, unknown, extremely rare.
Ibe
iir 7ln
Earthquake Effect
Description
814-:
e
014.01
311 af
40
de- .41
410 40
.4010
00
0 41
.)17%
00; 40
resi o fioe. ;
-
:4'.4.. 4.r.
111.
u - (2< Nu
Legend
EARTHQUAKES (1973 - 20011)
en
o
0
Pelican Platform
INagnauda (Richter, Scab)
IN
f: j
- ob
EOG SECC Block

Concession Blocks
410
Greater then
6.0
80 307W
en 90...W
0
1
CS AV
10
20
30
1
.
.
1
I
v135_196.1_07m_zene_aork
50 Kilometers
40
1
1900 000
Figure-28: Earthquake epicentres off the east coast of Trinidad, 1973 to 2008
(U.S. Geological Survey, 2009).
70
Though Trinidad and Tobago lie within a fairly active earthquake zone, the majority of
the earthquakes off the east coast of Trinidad tend to be low in magnitude and diffusely
spread across the east coast (Figure-28). There are only 2 epicentres within the SECC
Block.
Benthic Sediment Type
Sediments of the southeastern Trinidad continental shelf are largely terrestrial in origin,
with some authigenic sulfur deposits, lignites, and isolated carbonates (Continental
Shelf Associates, Inc., 2006). These sediments were deposited in a variety of geological
conditions, varying from swamp/brackish water, deltaic, open shelf, and continental
slope to abyssal plain. The sediments are largely composed of Quaternary deposits,
including up to 1,400 m of carbonates and terrestrial sediments. This is overlain by a
thin veneer (less than 2 m) of calcarenitic clays and reworked Pleistocene sands
(Fugro-McClelland Marine Geosciences, Inc., 1996).
East and southeast coast marine sediment types were digitized from British Admiralty
Chart No. 493 (UK Hydrographic Office, 2003). The resulting map is presented in
Figure-29. The locations of various marine sediment types were ground-truthed within
the SECC Block during sediment grain size analyses conducted on grab samples
collected at 21 stations (Figure-30) in October 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Results of the grain size analyses are presented in Table-16.
Table-16: Summary of the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) October 2008 sediment
sample grain analyses.
SECC I
SECC2
SECC3
SECC4
SECC5
SECC6
SECC7
SECC8
SECCIO
SECCI1
SECCI2
SECC14
SECC15
SECC16
SECC17
SECC18
SECC19
SECC20
SECC22
SECC23
SECC24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.38
0.28
0.76
0.55
1.19
0.89
0.81
2.01
1.23
1.54
0.65
1.38
0.84
0.34
1.19
0.83
0.40
2.19
1.89
0.26
0.74
33.51
41.62
31.68
40.85
49.79
37.97
31.21
40.06
46.34
33.64
41.65
45.86
39.10
45.87
28.81
36.45
29.01
47.38
48.31
42.68
46.48
Clay
Folk's
(%)
Description
66.11
58.10
67.56
58.59
49.01
61.14
67.99
57.93
52.43
64.82
57.70
52.75
60.06
53.78
70.00
62.72
70.60
50.44
49.80
57.05
52.78
Mud
Mud
Clay
Mud
Mud
Mud
Clay
Mud
Mud
Mud
Mud
Mud
Mud
Mud
Clay
Mud
Clay
Mud
Mud
Mud
Mud
Textural
71
Figure-29: East and southeast coast marine sediments (UK Hydrographic Office,
2003).
72
00 0
C2
S
011bIrd
S
ECC3
CS
4110SECCI)
SECC4
C7
ILSECCS
C2IME0210SECC24 Peru la
Pelican IIISECC11
SECC16
SECC16
SECC12
SECC14
4E
Ibis
SECC17
411
SECC111
SECC19
SECC20
Sii2SECC22
Kiskadee
Banyan
Legend
Sediment Sampling Stations
Platforms
Beinyineey (Mater.)
E00 Resources Trinidad Ltd. SECC Block
,z0 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 9
11111111111.161 t I
Veda itiee_uTta_zono_ater
9 10 Kdometers
I
I
Figure-30: SECC Block sediment sampling stations.

Figure-29 and Table-16 both indicate that overlying SECC Block substrate is mud.
Gravel was absent at all sample stations and the contribution of sand did not exceed
2.5% at any station (Table-16). A comparison between 1999 and 2008 sediment
samples also indicated a change in texture of SECC Block sediments from primarily
clay (in 1999) to mud (in 2008) (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Benthic Sediment Quality

There were 21 sediment samples collected over the period of 22 to 25 October 2008 at
sample stations shown in Figure-30. From each successful grab sample, subsamples
were collected from the upper 2 cm of the parent sample. These subsamples were
subsequently frozen and shipped to relevant U.S. laboratories for total organic carbon
(TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and total metal analysis. Metals analysed
were aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper
(Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn).
The results were compared with Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (1999) findings and,
where available, marine sediment quality standards. Currently, there are no local
73
guidelines and limited international standards for marine sediment quality. The
Canadian Interim Marine Sediment Quality Guideline (ISQG) was, therefore, used
(Canadian Council of Ministers for the Environment, 1999).
Non-residual (bioavailable) metal analysis was also performed on 11 sediment samples
from Stations SECC1, SECC2, SECC3, SECC5, SECC6, SECC7, SECC8, SECC12,
SECC16, SECC18, and SECC20 (Figure-30; CSA International, Inc. [2009a]).
Total Organic Carbon and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons

The Canadian ISQG does not have a maximum permissible limit (MPL) for either
sediment TOC or sediment TPH. In the absence of a suitable local and international
standard, the results from the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) sampling exercise were
compared with those of a historic Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (1999) sampling
event. Table-17 summarizes SECC Block sediment TOC and TPH levels in 1999 and
2008.
In 2008, TOC content ranged from 1.27% (Station SECC24) to 1.80%
(Station SECC23), with a maximum variation of 0.53% (Table-17). In 1999, TOC
content was generally higher than 2008, with an average of 2.98% and a maximum
variation of 2.62% (ranging between 1.42% and 4.04%). Clay usually has a higher TOC
content than mud and the lower 2008 TOC values were attributed to a change in the
texture of the SECC Block sediments, primarily from clay (in 1999) to mud (in 2008)
(CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Table-17: Sediment sample total organic carbon and total petroleum hydrocarbon
levels in 1999 and 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Total Organic Carbon
CYO
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons

(tg/g)
2008
1999
2008
SECC1
4.04
1.51
6.4
4.5
SECC2
2.06
1.67
6.4
4.2
2.83
1.91
1.40
6.6
10
4.8
SECC3
SECC4
SECC5
SECC6
1.57
1.42
1.35
1.48
1.62
4.7
4.3
4.8
5.4
3.9
4.6
1.9
SECC7
SECC8
3.77
1.49
3.73
1.55
17
6.0
SECC 10
3.71
3.59
1.51
5.4
4.5
1.3
SECC 12
SECC14
3.82
1.49
1.31
2.92
1.62
5.4
54
9.5
SECC15
3.25
1.40
8.8
SECC16
SECC17
3.16
2.21
1.55
1.51
6.6
6
SECC18
3.27
1.49
6.6
SECCII
14.4
9.6
5.4
5.8
5.8
5.5
74
SECC19
SECC20
SECC22
SECC23
SECC24
Average
3.27
2.90
3.19
Not sampled
Not sampled
2.98
1.45
1.34
1.64
1.80
1.27
1.50
4.7
18
8.9
Not sampled
Not sampled
10.2
5.3
9.7
10.4
4.1
6.2
5.9
In 2008, sediment TPH concentrations ranged from 1.3 lig/g (SECC11) to 14.4 ag/g
(SECC12), with a maximum variation of 13.1 .tg/g (Table-17). At stations close to the
Pelican Platform (SECC7, SECC8, SECC 10, SECC11, and SECC24), TPH
concentrations were relatively low, ranging between 1.3 ag/g (SECC11) and 6.2 ttg/g
(at SECC24) (Figure-31).
Levels of TPH, normally observed in non-industrial/non-polluted coastal sediments
with naturally occurring biogenic saturated hydrocarbons, typically range between 5
and 20 g/g. In 2008, mean TPH concentrations were 5.9 2.96 lig/g at the
21 sampling stations. It is therefore probable that at least some of the extractable TPH
found within the sediment samples was naturally-occurring and not related to oil and
gas industry activities within the SECC Block.
In 1999, sediment TPH concentrations ranged from 3.9 ag/g (SECC7) to 54 pg/g
(SECC12), with a mean of 10.23 + 11.27 tg/g. Station SECC12, close to the Ibis
Platform, had the highest levels in 1999 and 2008, with a reduction from 54 ilg/g in
1999 to 14.4 nig in 2008. With the exception of Stations SECC5, SECC7, SECC14,
SECC19, and SECC22, most SECC Block stations experienced a decrease in sediment
TPH between 1999 and 2008 (Figure-32). Stations with increased sediment TPH in
2008 had increases less than 0.8 p.g/g over their 1999 counterpart samples.
ao.4c.rerw
il7 ca,
oy
SECC2
SECC1 44.6 (680)
000Ir0
SE C6 (4.0119/0)
SECC6 S MOW/ /
-7 0
gliSECC8 (6 meg)
c.,9 7 (4.6 $19/9) per nie
Pelican illSECC24 (6.7 pleg)
SECC11 11 3 (40/0)
SECC12 (14.4 pg(g)
SEGO'S (5.8149/0)
SECC16 (6.4 06/0)
SECC14 (9.6 Pfe
SECC17 (6.8 yell))
6E0030 (9 7 (
66CC19 (6.3 80/0)
SEC= (10 4 0400)46 3Fr""1 4 (49/9),
SECC18 46 6 p9/9)
K(skadee
Banyan
Legend
Sediment Station TPH (8081(
Pieliones
Belndee104 (Meters)
600 RBSOOICOS 70(03(01 Lid SECC Block
00 e.t.a....,
0 1
4C3
0 Kilorneters
0436_1664_HTNI_Zeno_200
Figure-31: Sediment total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentrations at the

October 2008 sediment sampling stations (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).

SECC1
Oilbiud
SE
SECC3
SECC8
SECC4
-
c,
-SECC2
SEGE
sESSIO sECC24 Panda
Pelican
SEC"
SECC12
SECC16
SECS'S
seCclis
Ibis
SECC20
SECC-12
SECC18
SECC19
SE'CCn SECC22
Kiskadee
Banyan
Legend
2008 TPH Values Lover Than 1999 Values
2008 TPH Values Higher Than 1999 Values

Platforms
BeIhyrtualry Peelers)
I37 .250VJ
IC SA'
60 400'W
0 1,0Ionleters
0 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
I 1 I 1 1 IIII I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I
wcs_1444_unuu2er4_24,4
1 180 000
Figure-32: Qualitative comparison of sediment total petroleum hydrocarbon

(TPH) concentrations in 1999 and 2008.
Total Metals
The results of the sediment metal analyses on samples collected from the 21 stations
shown in Figure-30 are presented in Table-18. Table-19 presents a comparison of the
mean data for 1999 and 2008.
77
Table-18: Sediment metal analysis results, for the 21 SECC sampling stations
during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) 2008 study. Values highlighted in red
exceed the respective Canadian ISQG maximum permissible limits.
SampleID
SECC I
SECC2
SECC3
SECC4
SECC5
SECC6
SECC7
SECC8
SECCIO
SECC11
SECCI2
SECC14
SECC15
SECC16
SECC17
SECC18
SECC19
SECC20
SECC22
SECC23
SECC24
Average'
Marine
Sediment
Continental
Crust2
Orinoco
Study3
Canada
ISQG'
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.12
0.13
0.10
0.11
0.10
Cr
(pg/g)
88.1
88.6
91.1
90.7
88.4
87.7
90.4
90.3
90.8
90.5
90.3
92.0
90.1
88.4
91.3
97.3
91.2
103
88.9
96.4
90.2
Cu
(pg/g)
16.3
16.4
16.5
17.3
16.8
16.3
17.2
16.8
17.4
17.3
16.4
16.3
17.2
16.4
16.7
18.2
16.2
16.4
15.6
16.5
17.2
Fe
(%)
4.88
4.79
4.92
4.96
5.01
4.80
5.01
4.89
4.99
5.15
5.21
5.37
5.20
5.15
4.73
5.43
5.14
5.03
4.94
5.04
5.26
Hg
(pg/g)
0.035
0.033
0.033
0.033
0.035
0.036
0.035
0.033
0.032
0.035
0.030
0.029
0.030
0.034
0.029
0.028
0.033
0.034
0.030
0.033
0.032
Ni
(pg/g)
34.6
34.1
34.7
34.8
35.8
35.1
35.2
35.5
34.5
35.5
35.0
36.2
35.2
34.8
35.7
36.4
36.3
35.8
34.4
34.4
36.1
24.2
23.6
24.4
24.6
24.6
24.2
24.7
24.6
24.1
25.3
25.1
25.2
24.8
24.5
25.0
25.6
24.4
84.4
23.9
24.9
25.9
Zn
(pg/g)
116
117
119
121
118
116
120
119
117
118
118
119
116
114
118
123
111
130
111
115
120
460
0.17
72
33
4.1
0.19
52
19
95
1.7
584
0.1
126
25
4.32
0.04
56
14.8
65
7.09
ND
338
ND
173
26
3.48
ND
32
ND
80
--
7.24
0.7
52.3
18.7
0.13
30.2
124
Al
(%)
10.0
9.79
10.1
10.1
9.82
9.69
10.0
9.80
9.86
10.1
10.4
10.7
10.4
10.1
9.76
10.8
10.3
10.1
9.88
9.96
10.7
As
(pg/g)
17.0
17.2
15.8
17.5
18.2
18.2
16.8
16.9
17.9
17.4
16.8
17.2
17.4
17.7
16.2
17.2
15.8
17.4
15.3
16.6
18.0
Ba
(pg/g)
423
1,090
539
457
625
497
1,290
1,560
452
470
960
396
381
435
353
442
354
1,340
512
487
474
7.2
7.7
7.96
Cd
(pg/g)
0.10
Pb
(pg/g)
Salomon and Forstner, 1984.

Wedepohl, 1995.
3 Alfonso et al., 2006.
4 Canadian Council of Ministers for the Environment, 1999.
Al = aluminum; As = arsenic; Ba = barium; Cd = cadmium; Cr = chromium; Cu = copper; Fe = iron; Pb = lead;
Hg = mercury; Ni = nickel; and Zn = zinc. ND = not determined.
2
78
Table-19: Mean metal concentrations with standard deviation maxima and minima
for sediments collected in the SECC Block in 1999 and 2008. Values highlighted in
red exceed the respective Canadian ISQG maximum permissible limits.
Metal
AI
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
Cu
Fe
Hg
Ni
Pb
Zn
Canadian
ISQG*
--7.24
--0.7
52.3
18.7
-0.13
--30.2
124
Mean 1 S.D.
10.8 1 0.4
ND
718 788
0.22 0.02
93.3 0.3
15.9 1.1
4.97 0.13
0.037 0.003
36.0 2.1
33.5 1 11.7
126.0 1 9.0
1999
Max.
11.9
ND
3,140
0.27
101
19.0
5.24
0.043
38.9
81.6
158
Min.
10.1
ND
265
0.20
83.2
14.2
4.74
0.034
30.5
28.3
117
Mean + S.D.
10.1 0.3
17.1 0.8
645 + 366
0.11 0.01
91.2 3.6
16.7 + 0.6
5.04 1 0.19
0.032 0.002
35.2 0.7
27.5 13.0
118.0 + 4.0
2008
Max.
10.8
18.2
1,560
0.13
103
18.2
5.43
0.036
36.4
84.4
130
Min.
9.7
15.3
353
0.10
87.7
15.6
4.73
0.028
34.1
23.6
111
* Canadian Council of Ministers for the Environment, 1999.

S.D. = standard deviation.
ND = Not determined.
Al = aluminum; As = arsenic; Ba = barium; Cd = cadmium; Cr = chromium; Cu = copper; Fe = iron; Pb = lead;
Hg = mercury; Ni = nickel; and Zn = zinc.
Concentrations of Al in 2008 were very uniform with a relative standard deviation of

<4% (RSD = standard deviation/mean x 100%). The concentrations were generally
higher than that found in average marine sediment and average continental crust. The
mean value for Al in 2008 was comparable with the mean value for samples collected in
1999 (Table-19), suggesting the level of sediment Al has remained relatively constant
in the SECC Block over the last 10 years. The Canadian ISQG did not have an MPL
for Al.
Concentrations of sediment As were also uniform among stations in 2008. The
concentrations were again higher than that found in average marine sediment and
average continental crust and exceeded the Canadian ISQG MPL of 7.24 ttg/g (Table18). As was not analysed during the Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (1999) study
and a comparison was therefore not possible (Table-19). Other east coast studies that
analysing concentrations of sediment As include a Coastal Dynamics EIA for bpTT's
Cannonball Field Development Project in 2004 and an Environmental Sciences Limited
EIA for the North East Offshore (NEO) Pipeline Project, in 2008. Coastal Dynamics
(2004) reported sediment As concentrations that were below detection limits (BDL).
Environmental Sciences Limited (2008) reported a dry season range of BDL to 0.13
.tg/g and a wet season range of BDL to 19.14 .1g/g. The marine sediment analysis for
this EOGRTL EIA was conducted on wet season samples and the relatively high levels
of sediment may be attributed to the influence of Orinoco River outflow, which may
impact the southeastern shelf of Trinidad.
79
Given the special interest in residual barite (and sediment Ba levels) as a past
component of drilling mud, sediment Ba concentrations are discussed under a separate
subheading at the end of this subsection.
Concentrations of Cd were uniform between stations, in 2008. The concentrations were
comparable with average marine sediment and average continental crust concentrations
and were below the Canadian ISQG MPL of 0.7 gg/g (Table-18). Average 2008
concentrations of Cd (0.11 0.01 pg/g) were half the average value reported in 1999
(0.22 0.02 ttg/g) (Table-19). The difference in the average concentrations was
attributed to a commonly encountered analytical issue related to method detection limits
(MDL) (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). For the inductively coupled plasma/mass
spectrometry (ICP/MS) system used in 1999, the MDL for Cd was 0.05 pg/g. In 2008,
with a newer and more sensitive ICP/MS system, the MDL for Cd was 0.01 ttg/g.
When sample concentrations approach the MDL (as in 1999), a common systematic
error occurs, the calculated concentration will be higher than the actual concentration.
Concentrations of Cr were variable between stations during the 2008 survey with a
minimum value of 87.7 ttg/g and maximum value of 103.0 ttg/g (Table-18). At all
stations, Cr concentrations were consistently higher than the concentration found in
average marine sediment. The high Cr concentrations were attributed to the influence
of the Orinoco River (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). At all stations, Cr concentrations
also exceeded the Canadian ISQG MPL of 52.3 ttg/g. Stations values, however, were
consistently lower than the average continental crust concentration of 126.0 nig
(Table-18). The mean Cr value in 2008 was comparable with the mean value in 1999
(Table-19), suggesting the concentration of sediment Cr has remained relatively
constant in the SECC Block over the last 10 years.
Concentrations of Cu were uniform between stations, in 2008. The concentrations were
less than that of average marine sediment and average continental crust and were below
the Canadian ISQG MPL of 18.7 nig (Table-18). Average concentrations of Cu in
2008 (16.7 0.6 nig) were comparable with the average value in 1999 (15.9 1.1
tg/g) (Table-19).
Concentrations of Fe were uniform between stations, in 2008. The concentrations were
higher than that found in average marine sediment and average continental crust
(Table-18). The mean value for Fe in 2008 was comparable with the mean value in
1999 (Table-19), suggesting the level of sediment Fe has remained relatively constant,
in the SECC Block over the last 10 years. The Canadian ISQG did not have a MPL for
Fe (Table-18).
Concentrations of Hg were uniform between stations, in 2008. The concentrations were
less than that of average marine sediment and average continental crust and were below
the Canadian ISQG MPL of 0.13 ttg/g (Table-18). Average concentrations of Hg, in
2008 (0.032 0.002 ttg/g) were comparable with the average value in 1999 (0.037
0.003 pg/g) (Table-19).
80
Concentrations of Ni were uniform between stations, in 2008. The concentrations were

less than that of average marine sediment and average continental crust (Table-18).
The mean value for Ni, in 2008 was comparable with the mean value in 1999 (Table19). The Canadian ISQG did not have a MPL for Ni (Table-18).
Concentrations of Pb and Zn were higher than that of average marine sediment and
average continental crust, at all stations; however (with the exception of SECC20), they
were below the Canadian ISQG MPL of Pb (30.2 gg/g) and Zn (124.0 gg/g) (Table18). SECC20 was approximately 600 m northwest of the Kiskadee Platform (Figure
30) and, in 2008, had a sediment Pb value of 84.4 gg/g and a sediment Zn value of
130.0 gg/g (Table-18). Mean concentrations of both Pb and Zn were higher in 1999
than in 2008 (Table-19).
Barium
The Canadian ISQG did not have an MPL for sediment Ba (Table-18). At 15 of the 21
stations, sediment Ba concentrations were relatively uniform, with an average of
445 56 tg/g (range: 353 gg/g to 539 gg/g) (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
However, at six stations (SECC2, SECC5, SECC7, SECC8, SECC12, and SECC20), Ba
concentrations ranged from 625 .tg/g to 1,560 .tg/g and were higher than that found in
average marine sediment and average continental crust (Table-18).
SECC2, SECC5, SECC7, SECC8, SECC12, and SECC20 were all stations located
approximately 0.5 to 4 km northwest to north-northwest (down current) of the Oilbird,
Pelican, Ibis, and Kiskadee platforms (Figure-33). Elevated Ba concentrations at these
six stations were attributed to the presence of some residual barite from drilling
activities and the use of drilling mud over time (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). The
highest 2008 Ba concentration (1,115 .tg/g, Table-18) was equivalent to 0.2% barite
(based on 53% Ba in industrial barite) (Trefry et al., 2007). This low level of excess Ba
(i.e., Ba above ambient levels) typically has no adverse biological effects (Starczak et
al., 1992).
Over the last 10 years (from 1999 to 2008) Ba concentrations have decreased at SECC5,
SECC7, SECC8, SECC12, and SECC20 (Table-20 and Figure-34). At SECC2, Ba
concentrations increased by 185%, between 1999 and 2008. The average concentration
of Ba in the 2008 (645 366 gg/g) was 75 .tg/g less than the average value reported in
1999 (718 788 tg/g) (Table-20).
81
Table-20: Concentrations of barium in sediments from the study area in 1999 and
2008, with percent change in concentrations from 1999 to 2008.
Barium (pg/g)
in 2008
Barium (pg/g)
in 1999
Station
Change from
1999 to 2008 (%)
SECC2
382
1,090
+ 185
SECC5
940
625
-34
SECC7
2,570
1,290
-50
SECC8
3,420
1,560
-54
SECCI2
2,590
960
-63
SECC20
2,980
1,340
-55
6014170.W
60 46CfW
90-36-0-w
SECC2
(1090 pgig)
ECCI (42319/9)'
Oilbbd
SECC5 (625 142(g)
SECC4 (457 ,g/g)
:EC C6 (497 167/9)
m
\----rSiCC7 ( 1290119/9)
SECC8 (1560 ns(91.,,
Panda
PelIcan IIIIISECC10 (462119/9)
(474 8042/ SECC11 (470 ogig)
SECC24
-es
SECC12 (960 p)o)

SECC14 (396 ogig)
ECCI6 (381
(agrg)
osECC16 (43518/9)
Ibis
SECC20 (134011010
SEC= (5,11083)
'
' 41110 SECC23 (407 ogro
Kiskedee
Banyan
Legend
Sediment Station Banum (pg(g)

Platforms
Bathometry (Meters)
664017W
00 3;0 V,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kilometers
111111111111111/11111
W09_1964_1.771YL2one_2014
11 pIXD
Figure-33: Sediment barium concentrations at the CSA International, Inc. (2009a)

October 2008 sediment sampling stations.
a ")
66r470-o./
SECC2
Oilbird
SECC6
-s SECC7
. SECC6
SEC C 10 SECC24 Panda
SECC11
Pelican
SECC16
SECC12
SECC16
(T.)
SECC14
Ibis
ro
SECC20
SECC 1 7
4,
SECCIB
SECC19
S
SeCC22 SECC2,5
Kiskatlee
Banyan
Legend
2008 Barium Values Lower Than 1999 Values
2008 Barium Valuesligher Than 1999 Values
Platforms
EPII,YrnebY (Melons)
1=1 EOG Rosouroas Trinidad Lel. SECC Block
45.0'w
00'4017W
0 1 2
CB
60-3150-W
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kiom44ers
11 11111.I.11111.1.I.I
WOS 10e4_UTAI_Zone_20N
Figure-34: Qualitative comparison of sediment barium concentrations in 1999 and

2008.
Non-residual Metals
During the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) 2008 EBS study, 11 sediment samples
(SECC1, SECC2, SECC3, SECC5, SECC6, SECC7, SECC8, SECC12, SECC16,
SECC18, and SECC20) were selected for non-residual (bioavailable) metal analysis.
The non-residual metal sediment leaching procedure (Inland Waters Directorate, 1979)
was carried out using prepared dry sediment samples and 0.5 N hydrochloric acid
(HCI). Five grams of each freeze-dried, sieved and homogenized sediment and a
sediment standard reference material (SRM) were weighed into a 60-mL screw-cap,
polyethylene bottle and 50 mL of trace metal grade 0.5 N HCI was added and the
bottles tightly capped. The sediment-acid mixtures were shaken on a Burrell Model 75
Wrist Action Shaker for 16 hours. The remaining sediment was allowed to settle and a
83
portion of each solution (-20 mL) was filtered through an acid-washed 0.4 1.1M poresize, polycarbonate membrane filter and stored in a 30-mL polyethylene bottle. All
calculations were based on the exact sample weight and 50 mL of acid. Labware used
in the HC1 extraction process was acid-washed with hot, 8 N, nitric acid (HNO3) and
rinsed three times with distilled-deionized water (DDW) (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a).
Sediment leachates (including the SRM) and procedural and reagent blanks were
analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), cold vapor atomic
absorption spectrometry (CVAAS), or inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry
(ICP/MS). Concentrations of Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn were determined by FAAS,
using a Perkin-Elmer Model 4000 atomic absorption spectrometer. As, Ba, Cd, and Ni
were determined by ICP/MS, using a Varian Model 820-MS instrument, equipped with
a SPS-3 autosampler. Leachate Hg concentrations were measured by CVAAS, using a
Laboratory Data Control Mode11235 Mercury Monitor.
In all cases, the
manufacturers' specifications were followed and adherence to QA/QC requirements
was maintained (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Metal concentrations in the non-residual fraction (leached with 0.5 N HC1) of the
sediments were very uniform among the 11 samples analysed (Tables 21 and 22). For
example, the residual standard deviation (RSD = [standard deviation/mean] x 100%)
was 3.5% to 7.4% for Al, As, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn; 10% for Cd and Hg; 12.5% for
Ba; and 18.5% for Cu (Table-22). In the case of Cu, one value was -60% higher than
the others and the RSD for 10 samples, excluding the anomalous sample, was 6.4%
(Table-21). In the case of Cd and Hg, the absolute non-residual concentrations were
low (<0.013 gg/g) and the RSD of 10% approached the precision of analysis (CSA
Table-21: Non-residual trace metal concentrations in sediment samples extracted

by 0.5 N HCI (dry weight).
Sample
Identification
-Aw
SECCI 41
SECCI #2
SECC2
SECC3
SECC5
SECC6
SECC7
SECC8
SECC12
SECC16
SECC18
SECC20
Al
As
Ba
Non-Residual Trace Metal Concentration

Cd
Cr
Cu
Fe
Hg
%Aiken& Nig
0.32
5.6
5.2
Pgig
0.04
igginamiNg
N
9.1
2.3
1.27
0.32
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.29
0.32
0.30
0.33
0.32
0.35
0.31
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
8.7
8.4
8.4
8.7
8.1
8.7
8.4
8.7
8.9
9.2
8.6
5.6
5.2
4.8
5.6
5.6
5.0
5.7
5.2
6.2
5.4
5.2
5.3
7.4
4.8
7.6
6.2
6.5
6.9
6.7
6.3
6.7
6.1
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.7
2.7
2.4
2.7
4.1
1.26
1.16
1.28
1.27
1.18
1.31
1.26
1.40
1.28
1.45
1.20
'Wig
0.010
0.009
0.009
0.008
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.010
0.010
0.011
0.009
0.009
Ni
Pb
PrilIJ4.6
17.8
4.7
17.8
5.1
18.5
4.5
18.5
5.1
17.8
4.9
17.1
4.8
16.4
16.4
4.5
4.4
16.4
4.9
17.1
4.6
17.8
4.6
17.1
Zo
Kla
26.5
26.0
25.0
27.4
26.0
24.1
27.9
27.4
28.4
25.9
27.8
26.4
84
Table-22: Statistics for non-residual trace metal concentrations in sediment

samples extracted by 0.5 N HCI (dry weight).
Non-Residual Trace Metal Concentration
Statistic
Mean
0.32
5.4
6.4
0.04
8.6
2.7
1.28
0.010
4.7
17.4
Zn
pg/g
26.6
Al
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
pg/g
pg/g
wig
Nig
Cu
figig
Fe
%
Hg
nig
Ni
pg/g
Pb
pg/g
S.D.
0.02
0.4
0.8
0.004
0.3
0.5
0.09
0.001
0.2
0.8
1.3
II=
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
II
11
11
Maximum
0.35
6.2
7.6
0.04
9.2
4.1
1.45
0.012
5.1
18.5
28.4
Minimum
0.29
4.8
4.8
0.03
8.1
2.3
1.16
0.008
4.4
16.4
24.1
RSD (%)
6.3
7.4
12.5
10.0
3.5
18.5
7.0
10.0
4.3
4.6
4.9
S.D. = standard deviation; RSD = residual standard deviation.
The percentages of total metal leached with 0.5 N HCI (Table-23) were also relatively
uniform for most metals, with RSDs of <6% for Al, As, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Zn (Table-23).
Higher RSD values of 11% to 20% for the percent non-residual fraction of Cd, Cu and
Hg were observed. The RSD of 23.8% for Pb resulted from one anomalous percent nonresidual value, discussed in more detail below. Finally, the high RSD of 44% for Ba
was observed given the fact that the mean absolute values for the non-residual fraction
(6.4 0.8 pg/g) were relatively uniform, whereas total Ba values were not as uniform
(an average of 836 424 tg/g). This was attributed to the presence of drilling-related
barite in five of the leached samples, with total Ba values at >625 gg/g.
Table-23: Percent of total trace metal concentrations in sediment samples
extracted by 0.5 N HCI (dry weight).
L
Total Trace Metal Concentration (%)
Sample
Identification
SECC I
SECC2
SECC3
SECC5
SECC6
SECC7
SECC8
SECC12
SECCI6
SECCI8
SECC20
NIST #2709
AI
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
Cu
25.9
Hg
27.1
Ni
13.4
Pb
Zn
32.9
1.2
40.0
10.1
3.1
3.1
3.3
30.2
30.4
30.8
0.7
0.9
1.2
36.4
9.5
14.0
24.2
27.3
30.0
40.0
9.2
9.8
15.2
14.9
26.0
25.3
24.2
34.3
3.0
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.1
30.8
29.8
33.7
31.0
35.0
31.4
29.9
1.2
0.5
0.4
0.7
1.4
1.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
30.0
40.0
30.8
9.2
9.6
9.3
9.6
10.1
9.5
15.3
14.5
16.1
16.5
14.6
14.8
24.6
26.1
25.8
26.9
24.9
26.7
27.8
22.9
30.3
33.3
32.4
14.0
13.6
12.7
12.6
14.1
70.7
66.4
69.8
20.8
23.3
23.0
24.1
22.7
5.7
14.7
0.5
17.1
30.8
63.2
8.3
8.2
25.0
29.8
23.9
10.6
32.1
26.5
2.6
12.6
12.8
27.0
69.5
20.3
49.7
22.6
20.3
20.1
14.1
Fe
3.2
73.6
22.6
15.0
78.4
13.0
14.2
75.8
72.4
21.4
23.0
22.0
66.7
65.3
85
Table-24: Statistics for percent of total trace metal concentrations in sediment

samples extracted by 0.5 N HCI (dry weight).
Statistic
Mean
S.D.
n=
Maximum
Minimum
RSD (%)
Al
3.1
0.1
11
3.3
3.0
3.2
As
31.4
1.7
11
35.0
29.8
5.4
Total Trace Metal Concentration CYO

Hg
Cd
Clid,Su
Fe
15.9
25.5
28.9
35.2
9.5
Ba
0.9
0.4
11
1.5
4.1
11
40.0
0.5
11
10.1
3.1
11
25.0
1.0
11
26.9
0.4
44
30.0
11.6
8.3
5.3
14.0
19.5
23.9
3.9
3.8
11
34.3
22.9
13.1
Ni
13.5
0.8
11
15.0
12.6
5.9
.. A.
66.3
15.8
22.3
1.1
11
78.4
11
24.1
20.3
23.8
20.3
4.9
S.D. = standard deviar on; RSD = residual standard deviation.
Despite the relative uniformity in absolute concentrations (Tables 21 and 22) and
percent leached (Tables 23 and 24), for each individual metal, considerable differences
were found for absolute concentrations and the percent of total metal leached with 0.5 N
HCI, among the various metals. An average of only 3.1% of the total Al was leached,
during the 0.5 N HCI treatment. This observation was consistent with the expected
results of the chemical treatment that were not expected to attack aluminosilicates. The
average fractions of Cr (9.5%) and Ni (13.5%), removed with 0.5 N HC1, were also low
and consistent with the presence of most of the total concentrations of these metals in
the aluminosilicate lattice (e.g., Sinex et al., 1980).
The percent of Fe, in the non-residual fraction, averaged -25% and supported the
presence of an iron oxide coating on the aluminosilicate particles (Tables 23 and 24).
The fractions of total As (31%), Cd (35%), Hg (29%), and Zn (22%), in the nonresidual portion of the sediment, were similar to those observed for Fe. Although each
of these metals were shown to have an affinity for iron oxides, the non-residual
fractions of the other elements were not necessarily part of an iron phase in the
sediments (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
The non-residual Ba fraction of the samples averaged <1% of total Ba. As mentioned
above, total Ba concentrations of 960 gg/g to 1,560 gg/g were found in five sediment
samples relative to the other six samples, with background values of total Ba of <625
gg/g (Tables 21 and 25). Despite these differences, the actual concentrations of nonresidual Ba, at 6.4 0.8 gg/g, were quite uniform. This low concentration and small
fraction, for non-residual Ba, most likely represented Ba that was part of the incoming
background sediment. The data for non-residual Ba did not support any release of Ba
from barite into 0.5 N HCI, given the fact that concentrations of non-residual Ba were
uniform and did not correlate with concentrations of total Ba (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a).
go
Table-25: Total trace metal concentrations in selected sediment samples (dry

weight).
SECC I
10.0
17.0
423
Total Trace Metal Concentration

Cd
Cr
Cu
Fe
Hg
pg/g
pg/g
pg/g
%
pg/g
0.10
88.1
16.3
4.88
0.035
SECC2
9.79
17.2
1,090
0.11
88.6
16.4
4.79
0.033
34.1
23.6
117
SECC3
10.1
15.8
539
0.10
91.1
16.5
4.92
0.033
34.7
24.4
119
SECC5
9.82
18.2
625
0.10
88.4
16.8
5.01
0.035
35.8
24.6
118
SECC6
9.69
18.2
497
0.11
87.7
16.3
4.80
0.036
35.1
24.2
116
SECC7
10.0
16.8
1,290
0.11
90.4
17.2
5.01
0.035
35.2
24.7
120
SECC8
9.80
16.9
1,560
0.11
90.3
16.8
4.89
0.033
35.5
24.6
119
SECC12
10.4
16.8
960
0.10
90.3
16.4
5.21
0.030
35.0
25.1
118
SECC16
10.1
17.7
435
0.10
88.4
16.4
5.15
0.034
34.8
24.5
114
SECC18
10.8
17.2
442
0.13
97.3
18.2
5.43
0.028
36.4
25.6
123
SECC20
10.1
17.4
1,340
0.13
103
16.4
5.03
0.034
35.8
84.4
130
7.7
460
0.17
72
33
4.1
0.19
52
19
95
1.7
584
0.1
126
25
4.32
0.04
56
14.8
65
Sample
Identification
Average
sediment
Al
%
marine _
/.2
Continental crust
7.%
As
pg/g
Ba
pg/g
Ni
pg/g
34.6
Pb
pg/g
24.2
Zn
pg/g
116
In the case of Pb, the high fraction of non-residual metal (66%) suggested that a large
fraction of Pb was associated with a non-silicate phase, but did not suggest that this Pb
was definitely anthropogenic. Total Pb values of -25 ug/g were generally very uniform
(Table-25), yet higher than those found in typical marine sediment or average
continental crust. More study of sediment sources and suspended sediments would be
needed to identify the possible anthropogenic Pb in the sediment samples. It is unlikely
to be related to offshore operations, given the fact that the background Pb values were
so uniform (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). One anomaly was observed among the Pb
data. The total Pb concentration for Station SECC 20 was 84.4 .tg/g, relative to an
average of 24.4 ug/g for the other samples. However, concentrations of Pb in the nonresidual fraction for sample SECC 20 was 17.1 g/g, a value that was similar to the
overall mean for the 0.5 N HCI leach of 17.4 lig/g (Tables 21 and 22). Thus, the excess
Pb in sample SECC 20 was either heterogeneously distributed in samples from Station
SECC 20 (and was not present in the portion used for the 0.5 N HCI leach) or the excess
Pb was in a residual fraction that was not removed with 0.5 N HC1 (CSA International,
Inc., 2009a).
The percentages of total metal, in the non-residual fraction, are summarized below by
grouping the metals as weakly, moderately, or strongly leached with 0.5 N HCI:
Weak
Moderate (low)
Moderate (high)
Strong
(<15% leached)
(15% to 40% leached)
(40% to 65% leached)
(>65% leached)
Ba<Al<Cr<Ni
Zn<Fe<Hg<As<Cd
None
Pb
87
For the metals studied in the samples, the groupings were relatively distinct with the
weakly-leached metals most likely being associated with aluminosilicates, a portion of
the moderately leached metals possibly associated with an Fe phase, and the strongly
leached Pb most likely adsorbed onto clays and iron oxides and, relative to the other
metals, more easily leached with 0.5 N HCI (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
In comparison with the findings of Chester and Voutsinou (1981), one of the original
research teams who used non-residual fractions as an indicator of metal pollution,
average concentrations of five non-residual metals in the SECC Block samples were
compared with average concentrations in sediments from the non-polluted Passitkos
Gulf of Greece (Table-26). For each metal, average (non-residual) concentrations from
the Passitkos Gulf were greater than average (non-residual) concentrations from
Trinidad. In the case of non-residual Ni, average concentrations in Greece were eight
times greater than average concentrations found in the SECC Block. Average
concentrations of Cr and Cu were approximately three times greater in Passitkos Gulf
sediment samples than in SECC Block sediment samples. Concentrations for Pb in
Greece and in the SECC Block were similar. Overall, the average non-residual metal
concentrations, found in the SECC Block, were lower than those found within the
non-polluted Passitkos Gulf of Greece.
Table-26: Average concentrations of non-residual metal extracted by 0.5 N HCI in
sediment samples from Trinidad (CSA International, Inc. [2009a1) and the nonpolluted Passitkos Gulf, Greece.
Average Non-Residual Metal Concentration (ug/g)
Metal
Passitkos Gale
Trinidad'
Chromium
8.6
26
Copper
Nickel
Lead
Zinc
2.7
4.7
17.4
26.6
9.5
38
20
39
I
2
CSA International, Inc. (2009a).

Chester and Voutsinou (1981).
Seven water samples were collected in the SECC Block during the recently concluded
CSA International, Inc. (2009a) SECC Block EBS. The samples were collected in
October 2008 at near-surface, mid-water, and near-bottom water depths. The samples
were frozen and shipped to a U.S. laboratory, for analysis of total suspended solids
(TSS). The 2008 TSS results were compared with Continental Shelf Associates, Inc.
(1999) SECC2 results and a conservative Barbados (ambient) water quality standard for
TSS, based on Delcan (1994).
Biological oxygen demand (BOD), nutrients, petroleum hydrocarbons, and metals were
not analysed during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) SECC Block EBS. Data, (i)
88
presented in Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (2002, 2003, 2005, 2006) and
(ii) collected during R. Y. Dr. Frid jof Nansen (1988) and R. V. Sagar Kanya (1990)
Project CORE (1990) cruises (Figure-35) were used to supplement the discussion on
water column BOD, nutrients, petroleum hydrocarbons, and metals.
Total Suspended Solids

Generally, TSS concentrations at the seven CSA International, Inc. (2009a) stations
were significantly higher than the Barbados Delcan (1994)-based ambient water quality
standard of 5 mg/L. The 2008 TSS concentrations were also markedly different from
1999 SECC2 results and were highly variable (Table-27). The observed variability and
lack of consistency was attributed to seasonal influences and mixing patterns (CSA
Table-27: Surface, mid-depth, and seafloor concentrations of total suspended
solids, during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) study.
am& Station
SECC1
SECC2
SECC7
SECC12
SECC18
SECC23
SECC24
SECC2 (1999)
TSS (mg/L)
Sample Identification
Near-Surface
55.0
Middle
Near-Bottom
Near-Surface
Middle
Near-Bottom
Near-Surface
Middle
Near-Bottom
Near-Surface
Middle
Near-Bottom
Near-Surface
Middle
Near-Bottom
Near-Surface
Middle
Near-Bottom
Near-Surface
Middle
53.0
75.8
64.3
53.8
62.2
24.4
25.3
59.7
30.7
66.7
35.5
4.1
21.7
73.8
35.8
41.8
78.8
14.8
40.3
Near-Bottom
52.7
Near-Surface
Middle
Near-Bottom
1.04
1.46
2.04
FIVDFN
FIVDEN
RVDFN-1
=2=
HrL
I3
minFtVIIFN-4
RVDFN-5
RIM A
ARVSK-2
SANORE ORANGE
ARVSK-1
RVDEN-7 RvoFN_8
RVOFN-13
012z,
-10
c2211LVI2F N-9
TRINIDAD
RIO CLARO
LRL-4
LRL-3
413
LRL-1
Legend
B RV 12r Pricing Ranson Cruises. 1988

R.V.Sugar Kansa Cruises - Project CORE. 1990
GSA International Inc - Block Lower Reverse L. 2002

Pelican Platform
SZE
EGG Resources Trinidad LIE. Block 4(a)

EOG Resources Triniciaa Ltd. SECC Block
01
,alk*
c
51
Yo.,,
0
10
GSA
20
30
40
50 Kilometers
tiff
1084 UTM zone_2ois

1 030 000
Figure-35: Stations sampled by various previous studies on the eastern continental

shelf of Trinidad (relative to the SECC Block).
Surface and mid-depth TSS concentrations were generally lower than seafloor
concentrations (Table-27). Near-surface TSS concentrations ranged from 4.1 mg/L
(at SECC18) to 64.3 mg/L (at SECC2), with an average value of 32.7 + 21.3 mg/L.
Mid-depth samples ranged from 21.7 mg/L (at SECC18) to 66.7 mg/L (at SECC12),
with an average of 43.2 + 16.1 mg/L. Near-bottom samples ranged from 35.5 mg/L
(at SECC12) to 78.8 mg/L (at SECC23), with an average value of 62.6 + 15.3 mg/L
(CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Biological Oxygen Demand, Nutrients, Hydrocarbons, and Metals
BOD was assessed from water samples collected at four stations, during a Continental
Shelf Associates, Inc. (2002) Lower Reverse L Block EIA on 11 November 2001. The
locations of the four LRL stations are shown in Figure-35 and the results of the BOD
analysis are presented in Table-28. BOD values were generally low, with higher values
90
in surface and mid-water samples compared to seafloor samples. The higher surface
and mid-depth BOD values were attributed to higher primary productivity rates in the
upper water column. The highest BOD value was from a surface sample taken at
Station LRL-3. This was attributed to the presence of the Orinoco plume noted by the
field crew, although elevated values were not found in Station LRL-4 (Continental
Shelf Associates, Inc., 2002). The Barbados ambient water quality standard did not
have an MPL for water column BOD.
Table-28: Surface, mid-depth, and seafloor biological oxygen demand (BOD),

during the Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (2002) study.
Station
Water Depth
Sample Depth
(m)
Surface
LRL-1
LRL-2
LRL-3
LRL-4
Mid-depth
Seafloor
Surface
Mid-depth
Seafloor
Surface
Mid-depth
Seafloor
Surface
Mid-depth
Seafloor
BOD
(mgO2/L)
60
_ 59
55
55
5.14
5.35
4.39
4.59
4.78
3.72
8.65
3.58
3.52
3.46
3.67
2.46
Nutrient data (ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, silicate, and phosphate) were collected at two
stations north of the SECC Block by the Indian research vessel R.V. Sagar Kanya as
part of Project CORE, May 1990. The locations of the two RVKS stations are shown in
Figure-35. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations during both wet and dry season surveys
were generally consistent with open-ocean conditions and in range with those
previously found on the east coast of Trinidad (Rajendran et al., 1991). Chlorophyll
concentrations ranged from 0.31 to 0.54 pg/L, and phaeophytin values were all
<0.2 pg/L. These low values were typical for the open ocean (Continental Shelf
Associates, Inc., 2003, 2006).
Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations were also assessed from surface,
mid-depth and seafloor water samples, collected at the four Continental Shelf
Associates, Inc. (2002) LRL stations (Figure-35). The results of the TPH analysis are
presented in Table-29. In general, TPH concentrations were higher (16 to 59 pg/L), in
the Lower Reverse L Block, than dissolved and dispersed petroleum hydrocarbon
(DDPH) values, from the R. V. Fridtjof Nansen cruise (0.45 to 1.0 pg/L) conducted in
more open ocean waters off the northeastern coast of Trinidad (Figure-35). Elevated
TPH concentrations in the Lower Reverse L Block were attributed to the block's
91
relative proximity to the Venezuela mainland and increased sediment load in the water
column associated with the outflow from the Orinoco River (Continental Shelf
Associates, Inc., 2002).
Table-29: Surface, mid-depth, and seafloor total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)
during the Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (2002) study.
Water Depth
Sample Depth
Station'
11"71
111
(m)
LRL-1
LRL-2
LRL-3
LRL-42
Surface
Mid-depth
Seafloor
Surface
Mid-depth
Seafloor
Surface
Mid-depth
Seafloor
Mid-depth
Seafloor
60
59
55
55
39
42
48
57
56
59
57
43
16
47
55
Field observations included notation of a visible near-surface sediment plume at two of the four
stations sampled LRL-3 and LRL-4.
Surface
water sample not analysed (loss of sample integrity).
2
DDPH data from the R.V. Dr. Fridtjof Nansen cruises are presented in Table-30.
DDPH concentrations at the 10 stations, were 0.1 to 1.0 g/L, slightly higher than the
0.1 to 0.2 jtg/L range cited for uncontaminated waters worldwide, but not indicative of
significant petroleum contamination (Atwood et al., 1987). Offshore levels were close
to those quoted by Persad and Rajkumar (1995) for Galleons Passage, north of the
RVDFN stations (shown in Figure-35).
Table-30: Dissolved and dispersed petroleum hydrocarbon (DDPH) concentrations
from stations sampled during the R. V. Dr. Fridtjof Nansen cruises (1988).
DDPH
Station Location
RVDFN- I
RVDFN-2
RVDFN-3
RVDFN-4
RVDFN-5
RVDFN-6
RVDFN-7
RVDFN-8
RVDFN-9
RVDFN-10
(118/1.)
0.49
0.47
0.46
0.49
0.82
0.65
0.48
0.45
1.00
0.87
Water column metal concentrations were assessed in EOGRTL Block 4(a) during a
Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. (2005) EBS. Metal concentrations in seawater from
92
Block 4(a) were low at all stations, with Ba and Cd concentrations below detection in
most samples. Cu concentrations were similarly low among stations while Fe ranged
from 35.4 to 51.24L. Pb ranged from below detection limit to 4.47 14/L. (The high
value may have been an anomaly, given the fact that all other samples were below
1.0 pg/L.) Most stations had Hg concentrations below the detection limit, with only a
few stations ranging from 1 to 2.4 pg/L. Ni ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 ttg/L, while Zn
ranged from 0.6 to 15 ttg/L (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2005).
Air Quality
PM2.5, PMio, and Total Suspended Particles
Ambient air monitoring of PM25, PM10, and total suspended particles (TSP) was
conducted on 4 to 7 November 2008 at the three manned (Kiskadee, Pelican and
Oilbird) platform locations shown in Figure-36 during the CSA International, Inc.
(2009a) SECC Block EBS. The objective of the exercise was to determine PM25, PM,o,
and TSP levels that were indicative of ambient conditions within the SECC Block and
at the proposed project site. TSI DustTrak and AirMetrics MiniVol equipment were
installed at the Kiskadee, Pelican, and Oilbird platforms.
The TSI DustTraks are aerosol monitors that provide reliable exposure assessment by
measuring respirable size fractions of particle concentrations. Particle size separation
was achieved with relevant impactor/cyclone assembly at the instrument's sample inlet.
The DustTrak units contain a portable battery-operated laser photometer that provides
real-time digital readout with data logging features. The instruments were set to record
PMio concentrations (measured at 1-minute intervals) over a study period of
approximately 24 hours (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
011bIrd
O
Parula
Pelican
lbi
Kiskadee
Banyan
Legend
Paritcutela Matta. An Quality Samplmg Stations
Platforms
BnOsnnany (Metals)
1
-
11 EOG Rosouroos Tansted Ltd. SECC Block

00 90 0
EDO 40 0
Vy
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 9
1.111.1.1.1- ####
s `
00 310,0
0 Kilometers
1POS_I9.PLUTLI_Zona_20t.
Figure-36: SECC Block particulate matter air quality monitoring stations.
The AirMetrics MiniVols are pump units that sample air at five litres per minute
through filter holder assemblies. The sample inlet assemblies house the relevant
impactor assemblies where particle size separation occurs. Two MiniVols were used at
each station, one to sample PM2.5 and the other to sample TSP. The instruments were
fitted with pre-weighed filters and set to collect air samples, over a 24-hr period. The
filters were subsequently removed and sent to a laboratory for post-weighing (CSA
Particulate matter concentrations at the three manned platform stations are presented in
Table-31. PM2.5 and PM10 levels were relatively low and fell below the thresholds
specified by the U.S. EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the
EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2005. TSP levels (0.0069 to 0.0208 mg/m3) were
below the EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2005 (non-point source) MPL of 0.150
mg/m3 (Table-31). The U.S. EPA NAAQS did not have a threshold MPL guideline for
TSP (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
94
Table-31: Particulate matter concentrations at the Kiskadee, Pelican and Oilbird

platforms, during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) study.
Kiskadee
Pelican
Oilbird
Particulate
Concentration
Particle Size
Fraction
Sample Station
(mon)
U.S. EPA NAAQS

(
118/1n3)
EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules

(non-point sources)
0.035
a
0.065
PM2 5
0.0167
PM,0
0.0278
0.150
0.075
TSP
0.0208
No standard
0.150
PM25
0.0077
0.035
0.065
PMio
0.0167
0.150
0.075
TSP
0.0167
No standard
0.150
PM2.5
PM,('
0.0167
0.035
0.065
0.0222
0.150
0.075
TSP
0.0069
No standard
0.150
(mg/m3)
EMA
= Environmental Management Authority.
NAAQS = National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
U.S. EPA = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen Sulphide, and Volatile Organic Compounds

Ambient air monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was conducted on 27 January 2009 at the three
Pelican Platform stations shown in Figure-37 during the CSA International, Inc.
(2009a) SECC Block EBS. The objective of the exercise was to determine CO, H2S,
and VOC levels that were indicative of ambient conditions at the Pelican Platform.
North
Condensate
Line to Oilbird
Upwind.)
Gas Line to Parul
Aft
Downwind
Site #1
Gas Lute to hAsizatlee
Ask
Downwind
'Mr Site .2
'tan*
Figure-37: Plan drawing of the main deck of the Pelican Platform showing the
locations of the three Pelican Platform air quality and noise monitoring stations.
95
An RAE System's MuItiRAE Plus unit was used during the monitoring exercise. This
unit combines a sampling pump with a photo-ionization detector and has a variety of
sensors that may be used to determine different parameters (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a). The specifications for the MuItiRAE Plus sensor are presented in Table-32.
Table-32: MuItiRAE Plus sensor specifications.

Resolution
Range
Parameter
(PPm)
(PPm)
Volatile organic compounds

Carbon monoxide
0 to 200
0 to 500
0 to 100
Hydrogen sulphide
0.1
1
1
The instrument was zeroed with zero grade air and the sensors spanned with the
relevant gases. Sampling and measurement was conducted for 30 minutes for
comparison with guideline levels (CO and H2S) for nonpoint sources and stack release
limits (VOC) specified in the EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2005 (CSA International,
Inc., 2009a).
CO, H2S, and VOC concentrations at the three Pelican Platform locations are presented
in Table-33. The Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2005 20 mg/m3 Stack Release Limit VOC
MPL, presented in Table-33 was used (for comparison) in the absence of nonpoint
source (ambient) EMA Draft Air Pollution Rules, 2005 and U.S. EPA NAAQS MPLs.
An alternative guideline for VOCs is the widely accepted (tentative) relationship
between human comfort and VOC concentrations put forward by the Institute of
Environmental and Occupational Medicine (Molhave et al., 1986) and presented in
Table-34.
Table-33: Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and volatile organic
compound (VOC) results during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) study.
U.
Location
Parameter
(ppm)
CO
H2S
HOC
Upwind
0
0
0
Reference Standard/Guideline
EMA Draft
U.S. EPA NAAQS
Downwin Downwin
Air Pollution Rules
d #2
d #1
Mg/m3
mg/m3
ppm
Ppm!
0
0
60*
52.7
10
9
0.022
----0
0
0.03*
20**
0.4
----0
0.4 ppm
Short-term maximum permissible limit (MPL), nonpoint sources.

4.* MPL, stack release limits.
EMA = Environmental Management Authority.
NAAQS = National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
U.S. EPA= U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
96
Table-34: Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine volatile organic

compound (VOC) concentrations and possible effects (Molhave et al., 1986).
VOC Level
mg/m3
ppm
<0.2
<0.04
0.2 to 3.0
0.04 to 0.64
3.0 to 25
0.64 to 5.4
>25
>5.4
Effect
No discomfort
Multi-factorial exposure range; irritation and discomfort are

possible when other exposures interact
Discomfort range; exposure effects likely: eye, respiratory,
irritation, headaches, general malaise
Toxic range; neurotoxic effects
With the exception of VOCs at the Downwind #2 station, and taking into account the
detection limit and sensitivity of the MultiRAE Plus Unit, CO, H2S and VOCs were
undetectable and were all within the EMA recommendations, as outlined in the Draft
Air Pollution Rules, 2005 (Table-33). It was noted that the resolution of the MultiRAE
was 1 ppm for H2S, while the EMA's guideline was 0.022 ppm. As such, there may
have been non-compliance with respect to H2S concentrations below 1 ppm that the
MultiRAE instrument was unable to detect (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
It is expected that the similar results will be for the Oilbird Platform as conditions are
similar and the process are merely the same.
Noise
Airborne Noise
Ambient airborne noise monitoring was conducted on 27 January 2009 at the three
Pelican Platform stations shown in Figure-37 during the CSA International, Inc.
(2009a) SECC Block EBS. The objective of the exercise was to determine noise levels
that were indicative of ambient conditions at the Pelican Platform.
A Quest Technologies Model 2900 sound level meter was used for the sound level
study. This instrument met the requirements set in the Second Schedule of the Noise
Pollution Control Rules, 2001. The sound level meter settings were in accordance with
the aforementioned rules with respect to exchange rate (3 dB), response (fast),
frequency characteristic (A-weighted), and peak response (linear or unweighted) (CSA
At the three stations, average (LEQ) values ranged between 62.8 and 74.5 dBA, while
Lpeak values ranged between 109.2 and 112.9 dB (Table-35). These measured average
LEQ and Lpeak noise ranges were within the MPLs of 80 dBA (equivalent continuous
sound pressure level) and 120 dB (instantaneous unweighted peak sound pressure level)
stipulated for General Areas in the first schedule of the EMA Noise Pollution Control
Rules, 2001. Higher LEQ readings were measured at Location 1 (Upwind) and Location
3 (Downwind #2) due to intermittent crane activity during the 30-minute survey period
97
(Table-35). The LEQ at Location 2 (Downwind #1) was significantly lower, given the
absence of crane activity in the vicinity of Downwind #1 (CSA International, Inc.,
2009a).
Table-35: Pelican Platform noise levels during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a)
study.
Average Noise
Level
(dBA)
Upwind
Downwind #1
Downwind #2
EMA Noise Pollution Rules, 2001 Maximum Prescribed
Limit (General Areas Day time)
Peak Noise Level

(dB)
73.4
62.8
74.5
109.2
112.9
112.9
80
120
Existing noise sources include generators, compressors, pumps, and other mechanical
equipment on the Pelican Platform as well as engine noise from supply vessels and
helicopters, servicing the platform. Tankers, fishing boats, merchant ships, and other
marine vessels also contribute to existing offshore noise on the wider southeast coast
shelf. The main receptors for airborne noise are platform personnel who are equipped
with hearing protection (where appropriate). Due to the distance offshore
(approximately 40 km [22 nmi]), there are no known additional onshore or nearshore
sensitive receptors for airborne noise within range of the Pelican Platform. Given the
raised nature of the Pelican Platform and its noise sources above the ocean surface, any
potential airborne noise transmission to underwater receptors is attenuated.
Rose Environmental Services Limited are currently conducting a noise, vibration and
lighting survey of the Oilbird Platform.
Underwater Noise
Ambient underwater noise is ocean noise that is always present and not attributed to an
identifiable localised source (Nedwell and Howell, 2004). Examples of ambient
underwater noise sources include noise from rain (falling on the ocean), noise from
bubbles (entrained in the ocean by breaking waves), wave interaction, seismic
disturbances of the seafloor, and noise emitted by marine wildlife. Underwater noise
comes from all directions and varies in both magnitude and frequency content (with
direction, depth, location, and time). Potential sensitive receptors for underwater noise
include marine mammals, sea turtles, fish and other marine organisms.
For coastal ocean waters, similar to that found on the east coast of Trinidad (and within
the SECC Block), Wenz (1962) approximated ambient underwater noise to be between
a moderately to heavily trafficked offshore source sound pressure level of 55 and 65 dB
re 1 tiPa. Typical ambient noise levels range between 20 dB re 1 tiPa, in quiet oceans,
and 65 dB re 1 ttPa, in oceans with heavy ship traffic (Nedwell and Howell, 2004).
98
Benthos
Macroinfauna
Historically, the southeast shelf of Trinidad has been a highly diverse benthic
macroinfaunal environment with a wide range of taxa, particularly crustaceans,
echinoderms, and coelenterates (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2003, 2006). High
biomass and diversity of phytoplankton supports a high biomass of zooplankton
(Hubbard et al., 1991; Agard et al., 1996). Settling of this high plankton biomass
provides a rich food source and produces high biomass of benthic macroinfauna and
fish (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2003, 2006).
Benthic samples have been collected off the east coast of Trinidad, typically in shallow
water. The USS Oregon collected trawl samples (off southeastern Trinidad) in 1960.
However, the only known report is a paper by Manning (1961) on stomatopods. In
1969, the R.V. Pillsbury collected benthic samples at the six stations (Figure-38) as
part of a larger Caribbean sampling exercise (Staiger, 1971). Most of the R.V. Pillsbury
stations were in water depths of 33 to 68 m, on the east coast shelf of Trinidad. Benthic
species found are presented in Table-36. The surveyed stations had a variety of
macrofauna, including crabs, mollusks and echinoderms. In some cases, hard bottom
epibiota (soft corals, hydroids, sponges, and bryozoans) were found (Continental Shelf
Associates, Inc., 2003, 2006).
Benthic macroinfauna were also sampled over the period of 22 to 25 October 2008
during the CSA International, Inc. (2009a) SECC Block EBS. The macroinfaunal
samples were collected at the 21 sampling stations show in Figure-31. A total of
238 organisms, belonging to 47 taxa, was identified throughout the SECC Block. The
total species diversity (H'Shannon Weiner Diversity Index) was 3.18 for the block.
Table-37 presents the taxa found (and their respective abundances).
Overall, the most abundant taxa were the crab Hemigrapsus sp. a (16.39% dominance)
and two polychaete worms: Nereis sp. a (10.08% dominance) and Cirratulus sp. a
(9.66% dominance). The predominance of Hemigrapsus sp. a was unusual for benthic
communities on the east coast shelf of Trinidad and was believed to be linked to
sediment type (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). The dominance of a predaceous feeder
(i.e., Hemigrapsus sp. a), an omnivorous feeder (i.e., Nereis sp. a) and a selective
deposit feeder (i.e., Cirratulus sp. a) indicated diversity of feeding styles and habitats,
which in turn indicated a productive habitat within the SECC Block.
99
1...c.43
84 2
SOARBOROVOB
P-840
POP T Or SOAlS
P-838
CARsPICRAIMA
TRINIDAD
"^"" PRINCES -TOWN
OEHE
BRE;
Legend
R V Pillsbury C1,11900-6907, 1969
Pelican PlaRorrn
COO Roeoureas TI111117.6.1 Ltd SECC Bleck
glo-seraw
0,171VW
0
10 20 30 40
I
I
I
'
I
80 Kilometers
WOM_RMIS_UTIA_,Zon_20N
40:
221414
Figure-38: Stations sampled during the R.V. Pillsbury Cruise P-6907.
Table-36: Benthic species logged by the R. Y. Pillsbury on Cruise P-6907, 27 June to

31 July 1969. See Figure 5.52 for locations.
Station
Location
Depth
(
n)
Crustaceans
Coelenterates/Others
Echinoderms
Mollusks
Marinello,
Conus, Lucina
Sclerobelemnon
various hydroids
1009'48" N
55
6034'18" W
---
Astropecten and
and
Polystira,
Oliva,
Renilla
unidentified
Conus,
Phalium,
unidentified bryozoans
holothurians and
Pecten, Marginella
and sponges
crinoids
P-838
1032'00" N
95
6023'00" W
Petrochirus
diogenes,
Paguristes triangulatus,
Pylopaguropsis atlantica,
Pagurus (all
hermit
crabs), and unidentified
-palm.
portunids
ds,
calappids,
majids,
stomatopods, leucosiids,
Stenorhynchus,
and
goneplacids
P-840
1040'30" N
33
6037'30" W
---
0956'36" N
57
6046'00" W
P-837
Telesto
Leptogorgia,
and Unidentified
holothurians
Oliva,
---
P-836
Anthenoides
piercei, Nidalia
riisei, Crinoids,
ophiuroids,
Octopus zonatus
Cymatium,
Cyprea,
and Conus, and several
100
Antipathes tristis, A. cidarid urchins

lenta, Cirripathes, and
unidentified hydroids
P-842
P-844
1110'36" N
68
603112" W
1130'00" N
1,847
6014'30" W
species of the scallop

Pecten
Opiuroids,
Paguristes triangulatus,
Bellonella, Ellisella, crinoids,
Typhus,
Dardanus, Iridopagurus,
Tonna,
and
unidentified asteroids,
Pecten, Polystira
Pylopagurus tubules,
hydroids
holothurians, and
Paguristes
one echinoid
---
--
Nymphaster
arenatus,
Prionaster
elegans,
--Pseudarchaster,
and
several
holothurians
Table-37: Macroinfaunal taxa and abundances found in the SECC Block.

Higher Classification
Family
-NMII
Abundance
PHYLUM ANNELIDA
CLASS POLYCHAETA
Ampharetidae
Capitellidae
Chaetopteridae
Cirratulidae
Eunicidae
Glyceridae
Lumbrineridae
Magelonidae
Maldanidae
Nephtyidae
Nereidae
Onuphidae
Orbiniidae
Oweniidae
Polynoidae
Spionidae
Trichobranchidae
PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
CLASS MALACOSTRACA
Order Amphipoda
Ampeliscidae
Order Cumacea
Grapsidae
Order Decapoda
Hippidae
Amphicteus sp.
Capitella sp.
Chaetopterus sp.
Cirratulid sp.
Cirratulus sp.
Eunice sp. a
Marphysa sp. a
Glycera sp. a
Lumbrineris sp. a
Magelona sp. a
Maldane sp. a
Aglaophamus
Nereis sp. a
Diopatra sp. a
Onuphis sp. a
Orbinia sp. a
Owenia sp. a
Harmothoe sp. a
Apoprionospio sp. a
Paraprionospio pinnata
Spio sp. A
Terebellides stroemi
1
12
1
3
23
2
1
4
13
7
5
1
24
4
7
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
Amphipod sp. a (Ampelisica)

Cumacean sp. a
Hemigrapsus sp. a
"Emerita" sp. a
5
1
39
2
101
Taxa
Family
Higher Classification
Abundance
Lobster
Penaeus sp. a
Penaeus mysis
Pinnixa sp. a
Arenaeus sp. a
Stomatopod sp. a
1
7
3
1
1
3
Copepod sp. a/b
Chaetognath sp. a
Fish sp. a
Jellyfish sp. a
Brittle star sp. a
Nuculanidae
Tellinidae
Corbula caribea
Codakia sp. a
Lucina sp. a
Nuculana sp. a
Tellina sp. a
14
2
1
1
1
Columbellidae
Conidae
Mitrella sp. a
Ithycythara lancedata
Nemertean sp. a
Sipunculid sp. a
Sipunculid sp. b
12
3
47
238
9
3.18
Palinuridae
Penaeidae
Pinnotheridae
Portunidae
Order Stomatopoda
CLASS MAXILLOPODA
Subclass Copepoda
PHYLUM CHAETOGNATHA
CLASS SAGITTOIDEA
PHYLUM CHORDATA
CLASS PISCES
PHYLUM CNIDARIA
CLASS SCYPHOZOA
Order Coronatae
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA
CLASS OPHIUROIDEA
Ophiuroidea
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
CLASS BIVALVIA
Corbulidae
Lucinidae
CLASS GASTROPODA
PHYLUM NEMERTEA
PHYLUM SIPUNCULIDA
Sipunculidae
Sipunculidae
Number of Taxa
Total Abundance
Number of Phyla
Total Species Diversity (H' SWI)
One unusual species was found: the sand or mole crab Emerita sp. a. Mole crabs are
usually characteristic of shallow water intertidal zones where they dominate in
numbers. In the sub-tidal zone of the SECC Block, two individuals were found that
were substantially larger than individuals typically found on beaches and in nearshore
environments (CSA International, Inc., 2009a). Mole crabs depend on a certain amount
of water column movement to irrigate their filter-feeding mechanism, and filter/suspension-feeding organisms generally prefer sandy-bottom habitats.
102
During the 2008 survey, filter-feeding organisms accounted for 15.13% of the total
number of individuals and 23.91% of the total number of taxa. These percentages
excluded the brittle stars (which have a variety of feeding habits). The presence of
other suspension/filter-feeders (e.g., the polychaete worms Chaetopterus sp. a, Owenia
sp. a, Apoprionospio sp. a, Paraprionospio pinnata, and Spio sp. a) as well as the
bivalves Corbula caribea, Codakia sp. a, Nuculana sp. a, Lucina sp. a, and Tellina sp.
a, indicated sufficient quantities/proportions of sand, in the SECC Block, to support the
survival of filter-feeding organisms, despite the large amount of clay in most samples.
During the 2008 SECC Block EBS, nine phyla/major taxonomic groups were found:
Annelida (polychaetes or marine worms), Arthropods (shrimps and crabs),
Chaetognatha (arrow worms), Chordata (vertebrates), Cnidaria (corals, hydra, and
jellyfish), Echinodermata (starfish, brittle stars, and sea cucumbers), Mollusca (snails
and shells), Nemertea (ribbon worms), and Sipunculida (peanut worms). Figure-39
shows the relative abundance (as a percentage) of the nine represented phyla. The
Annelids (represented by the Class Polychaeta) dominated the SECC Block benthic
community, with an overall relative abundance of 50.42%. The second most abundant
group was the Arthropods (27.73%).
Lchloodenuala
3.711.4
Molluscs
9.244
Csklarls
0.42%
Ncuserlea
0.42%
Slpuatuilla
6.341%
Cbordam
1.26%
ametosaatba
0.42%
Figure-39: Relative abundance of the nine macrofaunal phyla found during the
2008 SECC Block survey.
Three phyla typically found within Trinidad macrobenthic communities (Nematoda
[roundworms], Porifera [sponges], and Rhizopoda [foraminiferans]) were not found
during the 2008 survey. Nematodes and Foraminiferans are typically considered
meiofauna and are rarely found in macrobenthos. Sponges are rarely found on softbottomed habitats. Table-38 summarizes the findings of the macroinfaunal analysis, at
respective sampling stations within the SECC Block.
103
Table-38: Summary of macroinfaunal taxa, productivity, and abundance found in

the 2008 survey of the SECC Block (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).
Station
SECC1
SECC2
SECC3
SECC4
SECC5
SECC6
SECC7
SECC8
SECCIO
SECC11
SECC12
SECC14
SECC15
SECC16
SECC17
SECC18
SECC19
SECC20
SECC22
SECC23
SECC24
Macroinfaunal
Productivity Rank
7
3
17
10
9
14
21
8
16
13
6
5
1
2
4
18
11
12
15
19
20
No. of Phyla
4
4
3
3
5
3
2
2
3
3
3
4
5
4
4
3
2
3
4
4
2
No. of Taxa
7
10
4
5
6
5
3
7
4
5
8
10
13
11
11
4
5
5
5
4
4
Abundance
12
27
8
6
11
12
3
9
6
8
15
16
19
23
18
5
9
13
8
4
6
The greatest number of macroinfaunal taxa (highest species diversity) was observed at
stations in the west/southwest/central (SECC12, SECC14, SECC15, SECC16, and
SECC17) and north/northeast sections of the SECC Block (SECC1, SECC2, SECC5,
and SECC6) (Table-38 and Figure-40). At stations around the Pelican Platform
(SECC7, SECC8, SECC10, SECC11, and SECC24), the number of macroinfaunal taxa
ranged between three (SECC7) and seven (SECC8), respectively within approximately
1 and 0.5 km northwest of the Pelican Platform (Figure-40). There was no direct trend
or correlation between macroinfaunal abundance and TPH/Ba levels during the October
2008 SECC Block EBS study.
Coral Reefs, Seagrass Beds and Mangroves

East coast hard/soft coral habitats are presented in Figure-41 and east coast seagrass
and wetland habitats are presented in Figure-42. No hard corals, soft corals, sponges or
seagrass were found within the SECC Block during the October 2008 SECC Block
benthic survey. Historically, hard corals, soft corals, sponges, and seagrass have not
been found during seafloor surveys within the SECC Block (Fugro-McClelland Marine
Geosciences, Inc., 1995, 2003; Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 1999, 2000, 2003,
2006).
104
The closest hard-bottom substrate areas believed to support soft coral and sponge
communities are found approximately 29 to 33 km northwest to west-northwest of the
Pelican Platform (Figure-42), offshore of Mayaro Bay, and within the northwestern
section of Guayaguayare Bay (UK Hydrographic Office, 2003). Isolated hard-bottom
substrate areas, known to support discontinuous hard coral, soft coral, and/or sponge
communities are also found at Tourmaline Shoals, along Manzanilla Bank, Darien
Rock, L'Ebranche Rocks, Mc Milian Rock, Emerald Shoals, and Delaware Bank
(Walsh, 2002; Environmental Sciences Limited, 2007). Established coral reef
ecosystems are located approximately 81 km northwest and 95 km north-northwest of
the Pelican Platform offshore of Saline Bay/Matura Point and at Toco/Galera Point,
respectively (Kenny et al., 1975; Walsh, 2002; Figure-42).
Seagrass beds are located at Salybia Bay/Galera Point (within the back-reef lagoon, just
west of the mouth of the Salybia Bay river) and in the northeastern section of
Guayaguayare Bay (approximately 41 km west-northwest of the Pelican Platform,
Figure-43). The beds in Guayaguayare Bay are composed of shoal grass (Halodule
wrightii) and are approximately 100 m offshore (Juman and James-Alexander, 2006).
60'4170.VV
d0-441711/
00
C6 (6)
seCC6 (6)
411,
di_ SECCO (7)

-111
.TCC7 (3)
Pelican r
Parole
re))
SECCll
seccie ( 3)
56GC16 (11)
SECC20 IS)
access (6)
66Ctilb4SEcC23
(141
KiskarNme
Legend
MI Numb., of ...mune Taxa
Matic.rmat
Bathyrnelry (Meters)
(x)
Rasmirc.n. 7.nlaisaJ Lla SECO Slack

0
60.4(TOIN
6.6-360-w
2 3 4 e 6 7 8 9 0 Kilarnoters
cs.te
Figure-41: Macroinfauual taxa numbers found at the SECC Block sediment
sampling stations in October 2008 (CSA International, Inc., 2009a).

1 115
Galata Point
Matura Pt.
Salo iie-Reel
\lManzanilla Point
r-'
1.\,,Galeota Point
Legend
Pelican Platform
I=1 BOO Resoonvos Trinidad Lid SECC Block
=I Coral (Established Hard Coral Reel)

j Hard Batton, (Hard/Soft Coral Outcrops)
sinifir.
-
anal
er saw
aa-Zaw
O
15
20
25
30 Kilometers
VOS_ISPA_LITIA_Zuno_20N
Figure-42: Hard coral reefs and hard bottom substrate with hard and soft coral
outcroppings off the east coast of Trinidad.
170w
itefliliti
tv
v. Mater a Pt
;. ,tro at
re -
?tut t
. Mark7a Riga Point:
TRINIDAD
Narivaamp
' liPoirit IfatilY_
Galeota Point
Legend
Seagrass Boris
ill
Mangrove Communities
'
Freshwater allertlanals
Pelican Platform
1FOC
Resources -I-untried alrl SFCC Bk. k
irtei Illik
:g340
re-
15
20
was_triea_Livta_zwev_2on
25
30 Kilometers
I SBS.COO
Figure-43: Seagrass beds, mangrove communities, and freshwater wetland

habitats along the east coast of Trinidad.
The closest mangrove ecosystems are located at Mouville (41 km) and northwest
Guayaguayare Bay (44 km), west-northwest of the Oilbird Platform (Figure-43).
Mangroves are also found at Ortoire River (approximately 3 km west-northwest of
Point Radix), around Manzanilla Point, and associated with river coastal outlets north of
Manzanilla Point. The closest freshwater wetland habitat is Nariva Swamp,
approximately 63 km northwest of the Oilbird Platform.
Fishes
A number of fishery resource surveys have been conducted off Trinidad, in the past.
These studies date back to 1944 and had varied objectives, chiefly exploratory fishing
and gear trials (Whiteleather and Brown, 1945; Richards, 1955; Cervigon, 1965;
Sal'nikov, 1965; Gines and Cervigon, 1968; Alvarez Peres, 1969; Gines et al., 1971;
Wolf and Rathjen, 1974; Manickchand-Heileman and Julien-Flus, 1990). However,
107
none of the surveys, apart from a United Nations North American Aerospace Defense
Command (NORAD)/Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) acoustic survey by the
R V. Dr. Fridtjof Nansen in 1988 (which indicated low wet and dry season fish densities
on the outer east coast shelf and slope) were geared towards assessing fisheries resource
potentials.
Traditionally, predominant fish species groupings (off Trinidad and Tobago) include
coastal pelagic fish, hard bottom fish, demersal (soft bottom) fish, and oceanic pelagic
fish (Walsh, 2002). Coastal pelagic fish consist mainly of migratory species such as
carite (Scomberomorus brasiliensis), kingfish (also known as king mackerel,
Scomberomorus cavalla), cavalli (jack crevalle, Caranx hippos), ancho (bluefish,
Pomatomus saltatrix), and bonito (Sarda sarda). More than 30 coastal pelagic shark
species are also found, from various families, including mackerel sharks (Lamnidae),
hammerhead sharks (Sphyrnidae), and requiem sharks (Carcharhinidae). Common
shark species, landed in local fisheries, include blacktip (Carcharhinus limbatus),
smalltail (C. porosus), sharpnose (Rhizoprionodon lalandi), scalloped hammerhead
(Sphyrna lewini), and golden hammerhead (S. tudes). While as many as 15 species are
regularly caught, the latter five species are frequently landed in commercial catches
(Walsh, 2002).
The clupeids and engraulids are important coastal pelagic species in Trinidad (Arthur D.
Little International, Inc., 2000). On the east coast, the three dominant species are
Atlantic thread herring (Opisthonema oglinum), scaled sardine (Harengula jaguana),
and Spanish sardine (Sardinella aurita). Of the engraulids fished, the most common are
the Cayenne anchovy (Anchoviella cayennensi), silver anchovy (Engraulis eurystole),
and other anchovies (A. lipidenetosde, Cetengraulis edentulus) (Walsh, 2002).
Hard bottom species include snappers, grunts and triggerfishes. Vermillion snapper
(Rhomboplites aurorubens), Caribbean red snapper (Lutjanus purpureus), lane snapper
(Lutjanus synagris), dog snapper (Lutjanus jocu), cottonwick (Haemulon melanurum),
and queen triggerfish (Balistes vetula) are among the most common in fishery catches
from shelf waters. Species composition of the hard bottom species group varies with
depth and substrate type along the eastern shelf of Trinidad. Species that characterise
the outer shelf/upper slope areas include silk snapper (Lutjanus vivanus), yellowedge
grouper (Epinephelus flavolimbatus), and yellowmouth grouper (Mycteroperca
interstitialis) (Walsh, 2002).
The demersal (soft bottom) fish assemblage primarily consists of croakers
(Menticirrhus spp.), catfishes (Arius spp.), and grunts (Conodon nobilis; Haemulon
spp.). Members of the coastal pelagic and hard bottom groups (e.g., herrings,
anchovies, sharks, and snappers) are often placed in the demersal group.
Oceanic pelagic fishes comprise highly migratory species such as tunas (Thunnus sp.,
Auxis sp., and Katsurvonus pelamis), wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri), dolphin
(Coryphaena hippurus and C. equiselis), billfishes (Istiophorus platypterus, Tetrapturus
sp., and Makaira nigricans), swordfish (Xiphias gladius), and mackerel sharks
(Lamnidae). In addition to these larger predatory species, this group includes smaller
108
forms such as flyingfishes (Hirundichthys spp. and Cypselurus spp.), haftbeaks

(Hemiramphus spp. and Euleptorhamphus spp.), and driftfishes (Psenes spp. and
Cubiceps spp.). All of the large oceanic pelagic fishes are important to local and
regional fisheries (Walsh, 2002).
Shrimp species found in the offshore demersal environment include Farfantepenaeus
subtilis, F. notialis, Litopenaeus schmitti, F. brasiliensis, and Xiphopenaeus kroyeri.
Marine Mammals
Cetaceans (Whales and Dolphins)
During the 19th century, Trinidad was one of many active whaling sites in the
Caribbean. Whaling stations were established on the small islands of the Gulf of Paria
and the latter is believed to have been an important breeding and wintering ground for
whales (Reeves et al., 2001).
Little is known about the abundance, migratory feeding, and breeding habits of presentday whale populations. Cetacean surveys targeting the wider south-eastern Caribbean
region have provided some insight into the presence and distribution of whales and
dolphins around the Eastern Caribbean islands, including Trinidad and Tobago
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2000; Swartz et al., 2001, 2003;
Boisseau et al., 2006; FAO, 2007). These surveys, however, are not sufficiently longterm enough to provide a comprehensive understanding of the seasonal movement of
species (or trends in their abundance).
The most recent large-scale cetacean survey was conducted from the NOAA vessel
R.V. Gordon Gunter and encompassed most of the Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, Tobago,
Barbados, and the north coast of Venezuela (National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, 2000; Swartz et al., 2001, 2003). The locations of R.V. Gordon Gunter
humpback whale sightings around Trinidad and Tobago are presented in Figure-44.
109
.-
-.
t,..
''''''"
..' 4.'-'
......_,/-1'St../380170001-1
sio
480
__ ..,...
,---------.....
fr
iit
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D a,---__
PORT OF- SPAIN ..,,,,......
No
ORANne
6i6
.C...flAPICHAIMO.
*0
iffeto
-
TRINIDAD
,^,',
.......F--
R ..no....cFS
TOW...RIO OLARO
OEBE
._,,.,
ounvaauasear.
_..._____,""t0aieou Pe.<
1
Legend
41111/
R V Gordon Gunter Humpback PlIbale SIghtings tSwarti et al
20011
Pelican Platform
I EOG Resources Trinidad Ltd SECC Block
a, 300
,altkill
1=$A
0
I
10
20
30
90
al o-o -vs;
50
GO bilui ,eters
wins_leas_urst_zook_7on
Figure-44: Humpback whale sightings observed around Trinidad and Tobago

during the RV. Gordon Gunter cruise of 9 February to 3 April 2000.
The survey was conducted in two legs (Swartz et al., 2001). The first leg began in
Pascagoula, Mississippi, on 9 February 2000 and arrived in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on
15 February 2000. The vessel departed from San Juan on 16 February 2000 and entered
the waters of the Lesser Antilles during the early morning hours of 17 February 2000.
This portion of the survey covered the Leeward and Windward Islands, including the
waters around St. Kitts and Nevis, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia, Grenada,
Barbados, and Trinidad and Tobago. The first leg of the survey ended on 7 March
2000, in Trinidad (Swartz et al., 2001). The second leg began in Trinidad on 11 March
2000 and encompassed the Caribbean coast of Venezuela, some of the islands in the
southern Caribbean (north of Venezuela), Grenada, the east coast of Trinidad and
Tobago, Barbados, Martinique, and Guadeloupe. The vessel departed the Lesser
Antilles on 27 March 2000 and the survey was fmally terminated on 3 April 2000, in
Pascagoulai (Swartz et al., 2001).
Table-39 lists cetacean species known to frequent south Caribbean regional waters,
inclusive of the offshore waters of Colombia, the Netherlands Antilles, Venezuela, and
Trinidad and Tobago (Ward et al., 2001). Confirmed sightings around Trinidad and
110
Tobago include bryde's whale (Balaenoptera edem), humpback whale (Megaptera

novaeangliae), Gervais' beaked whale (Mesoplodon europaeus), pilot whale
(Globicephala macrorhynchus), pan-tropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata),
Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis), spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris),
bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), and rough-toothed dolphin (Steno
bredanensis), and are documented within Ottley et al. (1988) Rosario-Delestre et al.
(1999), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2000), and Swartz et al.
(2001, 2003).
One of the whale species listed within Table-39, the sperm whale (Physeter
macrocephalus), is classified as vulnerable under the International Union for the
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List 2009. Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) and
sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) are classified as endangered (Table-38).
Table-39: Marine mammals frequenting south Caribbean regional waters
(Adapted from: Ward et al., 2001).
Common Name
Scientific Name
Range
IUCN Status
2009
Baleen Whales
Fin whale
Balaenoptera physalus
Sei whale
Balaenoptera borealis
Bryde's whale
Balaenoptera edeni
Cosmopolitan
Endangered
Uncommon in the
Endangered
tropics
Tropical
Data deficient
Humpback whale
Megaptera novaeangliae
Cosmopolitan
Least concern
Sperm whale
Physeter macrocephalus
Cosmopolitan
Vulnerable
Pygmy sperm whale
Kogia breviceps
Cosmopolitan
Data deficient
Dwarf sperm whale
Kogia sima
Cosmopolitan
Data deficient
Cuvier's beaked whale
Ziphius cavirostris
Cosmopolitan
Least concern
Gervais' beaked whale
Mesoplodon europaeus
Endemic to Atlantic Data deficient
Orcinus orca
Cosmopolitan
Data deficient
Sperm Whales
Beaked Whales
Oceanic Dolphins
Killer whale
Pygmy killer whale
Feresa attenuata
Cosmopolitan
Data deficient
False killer whale
Pseudorca crassidens
Tropical
Data deficient
Short-finned pilot whale
Globicephala macrorhynchus Tropical
Data deficient
Pantropical spotted dolphin
Stenella attenuata
Least concern
Atlantic spotted dolphin
Stenella frontalis
Spinner dolphin
Stenella longirostris
Tropical
Clymene dolphin
Stenella clymene
Long-beaked common dolphin
Delphinus capensis
Cosmopolitan
Data deficient
Short-beaked common dolphin
Delphinus delphis
Cosmopolitan
Least concern
Common bottlenose dolphin
Tursiops truncatus
Cosmopolitan
Least concern
Tropical
Data deficient
Striped dolphin
Stenella coeruleoalba
Tropical
Least concern
Risso's dolphin
Grampus griseus
Cosmopolitan
Least concern
Rough-toothed dolphin
Steno bredanensis
Tropical
Least concern
Guianian River dolphin
Sotalia jluviatilis
Tropical
Data deficient
111
Sirenians (Manatees)
The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is the only sirenian found in tropical
and subtropical coastal waters of the south-eastern United States, the U.S. Gulf of
Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the Atlantic coast of northern and north-eastern South
America (Reeves et al., 1992; Jefferson et al., 1993; O'Shea et at., 1995). There are two
subspecies of West Indian manatee: the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus
latirostris) and the Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) (Walsh, 2002).
These sub-species are not known to occur in Trinidad and Tobago. The West Indian
manatee (Trichechus manatus) is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, while its
subspecies, the Florida manatee and Antillean manatee, are both listed as endangered.
West Indian manatees are known to inhabit the Nariva and Fishing Pond (North
Oropouche) wetlands on the east coast of Trinidad (Figure-45). The Nariva Swamp is
located approximately 58 km northwest of the Pelican Platform and Fishing Pond is
located 73 km north-northwest of the Pelican Platform (Figure-45). The most
concentrated population of manatees is found in Big Pond, a large body of water in
northern Nariva Swamp (Quintana-Rizzo and Reynolds, 2007).
It is uncertain whether the Nariva Swamp and Fishing Pond wetlands have distinct
populations of manatees or a single community. Researchers estimated the population
in Nariva (in 1995) to be no more than 25 members, including at least 1 calf. Recent
sightings (within the last 10 years) have been within the Nariva River, Coca! Lagoon,
L'Ebranche River, North Oropuche River, Matura River, Salybia Bay and River, and
Balandra River (Quintana-Rizzo and Reynolds, 2007). Generally, manatees prefer
coastal freshwater or brackish habitats (i.e., rivers, estuaries, and marshes) and the
distribution range of the Trinidad population do not extend into the SECC Block
(Quintana-Rizzo and Reynolds, 2007).
Marine Turtles
Five species of marine turtles are known to nest on the east coast of Trinidad (Table40). The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) and the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) are
considered endangered and the Olive Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivaea) is considered
vulnerable on the IUCN Red List 2009. The leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)
and the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricate) are afforded more conservation
concern and are considered critically endangered on the IUCN Red List 2009.
112
Table-40: Marine turtle occurrence and nesting seasons in Trinidad and Tobago
(Adapted from: Brautigam and Eckert, 2006; Dow et al., 2007).
Scientific Name
Presence
Nesting Season
Common Name
Country
Leatherback turtle
Dermochelys
coriacea
Hawksbill turtle
Eretmochelys
imbricate
Green turtle
Chelonia mydas
Olive Ridley turtle
Lepidochelys
olivacea
Loggerhead turtle
Caretta caretta
Primarily nesting
Some
foraging
between
nesting
periods
Nesting
Foraging throughout
the year
Nesting
Foraging throughout
the year
nesting
Infrequent
primarily on north and
east coasts of Trinidad
Infrequent foraging
Historical nesting on
north
coast
of
Trinidad
Infrequent
foraging
March to July
Trinidad;
Tobago
June to October
Trinidad;
Tobago
July
September
to Trinidad;
Tobago
.
April to August Trinidad
May to August Trinidad
off north coast of

Trinidad
in -prin.
Cialooto Point
I
-00W
15
20
25
30 Pliornotons
Zsar
i .0.
a4
Figure-45: West Indian manatee habitats on the east coast of Trinidad.
113
Marine turtle nesting sites along the east coast of Trinidad are shown in Figure-46
(Dow et al., 2007). Leatherbacks (Dermochelys coriacea) are the most frequent nesting
visitors and nest in relatively high numbers, particularly at Matura Beach, Fishing Pond,
and Mayaro Bay (Godley et al., 1991). These beaches have been declared Prohibited
Areas under the Forest Act (Wildlife Section of the Forestry Division, 2008). Lower
nesting densities are recorded for the green turtle, hawksbill, and Olive Ridley at
Matura, Fishing Pond, Manzanilla, and Mayaro beaches (Dow et al, 2007).
Marine Birds
Marine birds with a distributional range along the coast and/or offshore of southeast
Trinidad are presented in Table-41 (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2006). These
bird species comprise three major groups (orders): Procellariiformes (shearwaters and
petrels, and storm-petrels), Pelicaniformes (boobies and gannets, cormorants,
frigatebirds, pelicans, and tropicbirds), and Charadriiformes (phalaropes, gulls and
terns, and skuas).
The distributions of the nonnesting marine birds, listed in Table-41, fall into two major
categories: pelagic and/or coastal. Pelagic birds generally spend most of the year in
offshore waters, generally only returning to shore to nest. Coastal birds may be found
in nearshore waters, coastal embayments, inland lakes, etc., and on offshore islets. Of
the 61 species, presented in Table-41, three are listed as near threatened (the Sooty
Shearwater, the Buff-breasted Sandpiper, and the Elegant Tern) and one (the Eskimo
Curlew) is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List 2009
Table-41: Marine birds with a distributional range along the coast and offshore of
southeast Trinidad (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2006).
Common Name
Order Procellariiformes
Family Procellariidae
Audubon's Shearwater
Bulwer's Petrel
Cory's Shearwater
Greater Shearwater
Manx Shearwater
Sooty Shearwater
Family Hydrobatidae
Leach's Storm-Petrel
Order Pelicaniformes
Family Sulidae
Brown Booby
Masked Booby
Red-footed Booby
Family Phalacrocoracidae
Neotropic Cormorant
Family Fregatidae
Magnificent Frigatebird
Primary
Distribution*
IUCN Status 2009
Bulweria bulwerii
Calonectris diomedea
Puffinus gravis
Puffinus puffinus
Puffinus griseus
P
P
P
P
P
P
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Near threatened
Oceanodroma leucorhoa
Least concern
Sula leucogaster
Sula dactylatra
Sula sula
C, P
P
P
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Phalacrocorax brasilianus
Least concern
Fregata magnijicens
C, P
Least concern
Scientific Name
Puffinus lherminieri
114
Common Name
Scientific Name
Primary
IUCN Status 2009
Distribution*
Pelicanus occidentalis
Least concern
Phaethon lepturus
Least concern
Limnodromus griseus
Limosa haemastica
Limosa fedoa
Numenius borealis
Numenius phaeopus
Numenius americanus
Bartramia longicauda
Tringa nebularia
Tringa melanoleuca
Tringa flavipes
Tringa solitaria
Actitis macularius
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
Arenaria interpres
Calidris canutus
Calidris alba
Calidris pusilla
Calidris matei
Calidris minutilla
Calidris fuscicollis
Calidris bairdii
Calidris melanotos
Calidris himantopus
Tryngites subruficollis
Philomachus pugnta
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Critically Endangered
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Near threatened
Least concern
Stercorarius pomarinus
Stercorarius parasiticus
P
P
Least concern
Least concern
Larus delawarensis
Larus fuscus
Larus ridibundus
Larus atricilla
Xema sabini
P
P
P
P
P
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Sterna nilotica
Sterna caspia
Sterna elegans
Sterna sandvicensis
Sterna maxima
Sterna dougallii
Sterna hirundo
Sterna antillarum
Sterna superciliaris
Sterna anaethetus
Sterna fuscata
Chlidonias niger
Phaetusa simplex
P
P
Least concern
Least concern
Near threatened
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Least concern
Family Pelicanidae
Brown Pelican
Family Phaethontidae
White-tailed Tropicbird
Order Charadriiformes
Family Scolopacidae
Short-billed Dowitcher
Hudsonian Godwit
Marbled Godwit
Eskimo Curlew
Whimbrel
Long-billed Curlew
Upland Sandpiper
Common Greenshank
Greater Yellowlegs
Lesser Yellowlegs
Solitary Sandpiper
Spotted Sandpiper
Willet
Ruddy Tumstone
Red Knot
Sanderling
Semipalmated Sandpiper
Western Sandpiper
Least Sandpiper
White-romped Sandpiper
Baird's Sandpiper
Pectoral Sandpiper
Stilt Sandpiper
Buff-breasted Sandpiper
Ruff
Family Stercorariidae
Pomarine Jaeger
Parasitic Jaeger
Family Laridae
Ring-billed Gull
Lesser Black-backed Gull
Black-headed Gull
Laughing Gull
Sabine's Gull
Family Sternidae
Gull-billed Tern
Caspian Tern
Elegant Tern
Sandwich Tern
Royal Tern
Roseate Tern
Common Tern
Least Tern
Yellow-billed Tern
Bridled Tern
Sooty Tern
Black Tern
Large-billed Tern
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
115
Common Name
Scientific Name
Brown Noddy
Family Rynchopidae
Black Skimmer
Anous siolidus
Primary
IUCN Status 2009
Distribution*
Least concern
P
Rynchops niger
Least concern
*P = pelagic (offshore) waters; C = Coastal, nearshore waters.

now
Torn B
No Heed BI
Balandira flay
IVLdora ITa-a
IVIzto,anilla Been 11
Iro, flay
TRINIDAD
Legend
P1,11,1111 P1011411rn
EC3<, Rt*,1111/1ZI1. 7r01(1,11 Litt SECC 131111*
thsEs
411
15
20
25
30 Kilometers
errae_reee-eTre-Bine_Sett
Figure-46: Turtle nesting sites on the east coast of Trinidad.
Recreational Activities
Local tourism developed in the Mayaro area of the Ward of Guayaguayare in the
middle of the 20th century when plantation great houses were utilized by visitors from
San Fernando and further afield, with access made easy by the arrival of the train to Rio
Claro. This activity spread rapidly and Plaisance became one of the major local tourism
centers, as cottages and beach houses accommodated more and more guests (over long
and festive weekends, the school vacation and Easter and August vacations).
Agriculture continued to lose some of its labor as estate workers joined the ranks of
maids and cleaners in the nascent tourism industry. By the early 1970's, local tourism
was in decline as vacationers began journeying to other Caribbean Islands and North
America aided by the new affluence of "petro-dollars," occasioned (some believed) by
the oil boom of the 1970's. Despite this apparent decline in local tourism, the east coast
116
of Trinidad is still a popular part of the island and beach-goers continue to visit the
bathing beaches shown in Figure-47.
Two of the more popular northeast beaches are Matura Bay and Salybia Bay. Salybia
Bay may be regarded as the most popular recreational beach on the northeast coast, as it
offers a wide range of activities (including beach sports, camping, fishing, cooking, and
bathing). Several "fetes" are held at Salybia Beach annually. Matura Bay, on the other
hand, is an important turtle nesting site (which attracts tourism) and is managed by
Nature Seekers (a community based organisation, who provide guided tours to view the
nesting turtles).
Further south, Manzanilla Beach is home to several guesthouses that cater to domestic
tourism. The Tourism and Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO) also
maintains the Manzanilla Beach facilities and these facilities include a bar, bathrooms
and a number of lifeguard stations. In the northern end of the Manzanilla Bay, there are
several holiday homes and private beach houses.
The southeast coast of Trinidad is noted for several recreational activities, closely
associated with its long stretch of sandy beaches. The popular southeastern beaches
include Mayaro and Guayaguayare, of which the Mayaro Beach is more popular
(Figure-47). It is a favourite holiday beach for generations of Trinidadians and is also
one of the main recreational fishing centres in the country. The beach stretches for
approximately 17 km, with fringing vegetation consisting largely of coconut palms.
Guayaguayare Beach is primarily used by local-area residents and day visitors from
other parts of Trinidad. Unlike the high-energy wave and rougher sea conditions at
Mayaro, Guayaguayare has calm sea conditions. The southwest section of
Guayaguayare Bay is popular for recreational line-fishing.
117
57)cum.n.
annr.
II a
Manzanllla
TIRIN 1173AID
n ill a
~)Ma nza
C
\ Y
.,,
RaCreatIOnal (elallana) Sam-Chan
laelaan Plata/a,
In I.CIC !Yana
0
10
15
20
25
30
kilometers
CSA
Figure-47: Bathing beaches on the east coast of Trinidad.
Ports and Transportation

Figure-48 shows the major shipping ports, ship channels, transhipment lanes, and the
major heliport in and around Trinidad. There are seven shipping ports located at
Chaguaramas, Port of Spain, Point Lisas, Pointe-a-Pierre, Brighton, Point Fortin, and
Galeota Point. Port of Spain is the largest and is the centre for conventional and
containerized cargo, cruise ships, and Trinidad and Tobago's inter-island ferry service.
On the southeast coast, there is one industrial port and one single point mooring, at
Galeota Point. This port functions as a transhipment port for the oil and gas industry of
the east coast.
International shipments into Trinidad along the west coast are typically through Bocas
del Dragon (and the major deep water shipping channel of Boca Grande), utilising
appropriate segments of the Gulf of Paria transhipment lane, shown in Figure-48.
Minor shipping channels are located between the major shipping channel of Boca
Grande (in the west) and Chaguaramas (in the east) and include Boca de Navios, Boca
de Huevos, and Boca de Monos. They are used by smaller commercial and recreational
vessels. Boca de Monos is approximately 40 m deep and 250 m wide and is located
between Monos Island (in the west) and Entrada Point/Chaguaramas (in the east).
118
Scarho rough
/(/m
Chagtraramas--
Port of Spain
Gulf of Paris
C
ILZ:TRINIDAD
p
Brighton (La Brea)
--ii..)5 Point Fortin
i.Galeota'oint
cs6.,o.",
Serpents Mouth
Legend
H r Pt Flight Path
Ia and Shipping Lanes
Io S P C
Minor Ship Channel
Transhipment Lane
Ship
Peaport
(fflt, Ship Ports
Pelican Platform
ell 04,6
el ellerVe
20 30 40 50
10
1.1.11411.1 1
wen imair_vrie_sere_son
GSA
60
Kilometers
Figure-48: Major shipping and helicopter ports and transportation routes in and
around Trinidad.
The oil and gas industry within the SECC Block is currently supported by supply
vessels (out of Chaguaramas) and helicopters (out of Camden/Couva). The typical
supply vessel route is from EOGRTL's onshore base at Chaguaramas, through Boca
de Monos, eastward along the north coast of Trinidad, and southward along the east
coast of Trinidad, to the SECC Block. The typical helicopter flight path, from the
Pelican Platform helipad to the helipad at Camden, is shown in Figure-48. Overland
helicopter cruise heights are typically between 500 and 1,000 m.
Marine Traffic
Off the western coast of Trinidad, there are significant numbers of pirogue-type
fishing vessels (i.e., small vessels usually less than 12 m long), offshore supply
vessels, freighters, barges, and other marine craft (e.g., pleasure craft), that utilise the
offshore waters of the Gulf of Paria. In this region, perhaps the greatest area of
marine traffic safety concern relates to the passage of larger vessels to and from berths
(e.g., into and out of Chaguaramas). The transit paths of smaller and larger vessels
are not well defined and often cross. Mycoo et al. (1998) suggest that the lack of
marine traffic schemes (or any other policy for marine traffic in the Chaguaramas
119
area) remains a major constraint to present physical development of the area and
presents a major health and safety concern for stakeholders. Whereas previous
assessments and associated survey work have not identified any major marine traffic
accidents, several operators have expressed concern over the lack of formal marine
traffic arrangements. Conditions at night pose additional concerns and considerable
caution is required. Overall, there is a need for the establishment of marine traffic
policies, schemes, and arrangements, as well as the determination of the carrying
capacity of Chaguaramas marine waters (Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 2003,
2006).
Off the north and east coasts of Trinidad, the numbers of pirogue-type fishing vessels,
supply vessels, freighters, barges, and other marine craft (e.g., pleasure craft) are
fewer and pose less of a concern in regards to marine traffic and health and safety.
In conclusion, this section showed data collected during the 2008 and 2009 sampling
events and compared it with data collected in 1999 to determine if there have been
any significant changes to the environment over time. The results indicate that there
have been minimal changes to water quality and sediment quality in a time when there
would have been many activities ongoing within the SECC Block (Platform
installation, pipe installation, drilling, workover and production activities). Since the
sampling events of 2008 and 2009, the only major work apart from routine production
activities, was the drilling of 1 well on Pelican Platform and the re-completion of 2
wells on the Oilbird Platform. The proposed work on Oilbird Platform, based on is not
expected to have any significant impacts on the environment as the activities are
temporary and mitigation measures are developed and will be implemented. As such,
the information and baseline data provided above is a true representation of the
existing conditions within the SECC Block. EOGRTL will conduct post monitoring
surveys to determine whether this activity will have any impact on the environment.
120
Attachment 1:
Drilling Rig Specifications
121
Rowan Gorilla III

I-0 I C.1771(741L1 Technologies
SIDE PROFILE
Gorilla Class Jack-up
MAIN DECK
PRIMARY RIG CHARACTERISTICS

Maximum Water Depth
350 ft
Leg Length
504 ft
Hook Load
1300000 lbs
Hull Length
297 ft
Mud System Maximum Pressure

5,000 psi
Hull Width
292 ft
Cantilever Skid Out

52 ft aft of transom
Hull Depth
30 ft
Substructure Travel
12 ft transverse to Port or Starboard
Gear Unit Height

45 ft
Quarters Accommodation
92 Persons
Maximum Drilling Depth

30,000 ft
Heliport - can accommodate:

Boeing BV234LR Chinook
Longitudinal Leg Centers

189 ft
Year In Service
1984
Transverse Leg Centers

210 ft
MACHINERY DECK
Life Enhancement
Minor dlanges moricallons lona above Wee equorneel mere occur

Should you have %Derr& tensions, please sorted Ors Liarlreing Ilsparrevrer at mancrinpirjrovrencomparlos Darn or 713 960 7647
122
Rowan Gorilla Ill
www.rowancompanles.com
,7APACITIES
DRILLING EQUIPMENT
Maximum Drilling Payload
7,885,000 lbs
Hook Load
1,300,000 lbs
Rotary Load
1,300,000 lbs
Setback load
800,000 lbs
Liquid Mud
2,474 bbls
Sand Traps
618 bbls
Pipe Storage (main)
4,180 sq.ft. x 7 ft. high
Pipe Storage (cantilever)
2,880 sq.ft. x 7 ft. high
Covered Sack Storage
5,400 sq ft
Derrick
Top Drive / Power Swivel
Traveling Block
Crown Block
Drawworks
Auxiliary Brake
Drill Line
1-112'
Rotary
National 0495
Prime Movers
6 -Caterpillar D-399PC 1,325

hp
1 -Caterpillar D-399 @ 1,325 hp
Bulk Cement
7,685 cu ft
Bulk Barite
7,685 cu ft
Potable Water
1,455 bbls
Drill Water
17,134 bbls (incl. combo tanks)
Diesel Fuel
4,779 bbls
Torque Wrench I Spinner
Base Oil
1492
Cranes
Emergency Generator
Cementing Equipment
WELL CONTROL
Diverter
28" Hydril FSP 2000 psi
Annular
13-5/8" Hydril 10k
BOP
Two13-5/8" 15k Cameron double,

w/ 3-1/16" 15k outlets
21 Cameron 8 EEC 3-1/16" type
F manual 15k psi,
1
Cameron 3-1/16" type F hydraulic
15k psi, 3 Cameron 3-1/16" type
F manual 10k psi
3,000 psi BOP control unit, 8015 gallon bottles with reservoir
tank 1100 gallons
Choke Manifold
Control Unit
Schlumberger CPS361cementing unit

2- Varco TVV-61, 1 -Hawk
"Spinmaster" model 950-I-I
(3) LeTourneau PCM350, and (1)
LeToumeau PCM120 Pedestal
Cranes
MUD SYSTEM
Mud Pumps
Mud Pits
Mud Mixing Pumps
(3) Continental EITISOD, Triplex,

FB-1600, driven by two GE 752,
1600 hp
2,474 bbls total active mud pits
(5 mud pits + 1 slugging pit)
(2) Mission Magnum, 3,000 gpm
Shale Shakers
(4) Derrick FLO-Line Cleaners
Desanders
Derrick FLC2000 8 Mud Cleaner
Desilters
see Desander
Degasser
Swaco
Mud Processing Pumps
(4) Mission Magnum
Maximum Pressure
5,000 psi
Mins deluges I nioddicallces to Oxi ahovelhded soulporreal could mom

Should you haw speoldo gumbos Ono. coil= ma Mortollop Oapanmeol at ruarkellogrIhrowancompan los mm or 713 Ste 7547
160ft. Lee C Moore 30 ft. X 30 ft.

base
National PS-2 650/650 Output
torque 43,365 ft.lbs
National 760H650, Capacity:
1,303,000 lbs
National 860J, Capacity:
1,486,000 lbs
National 1625-DE/ Auxiliary
Brake:
Baylor 7838

CONTRACTOR'S EOUIPMENT
Rowan Companies Inc. Schedule "A"
Mobile Offshore Jack-Up Drilling Platform
ROWAN GORILLA III - RIG 044
Revised
4-28-05
UNIT DESCRIPTION
Owner
Rowan Companies Inc.
Port of Registry
Houston, Texas
Flag
U.S.A.
Builder
Marathon Letoumeau
Built
Vicksburg, Mississippi
Date Completed
December 18, 1984
Type
Gorilla Jack-Up
Unit Ratings:
Max. Drilling Depth
30,000 ft.
Max. Water Depth
328 ft. with 55 ft. air gap
Min. Water Depth
30 ft.
Towing Requirements
20,000 BHP minimum

(Smallest Vessel not less than 7000 BHP)
Normal Towing Draft
17.125 ft
Quarters
89 Personnel
See Drawing Nos.
Appendix B
8
32
33
60
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12365-84
# 656-12333-84
B-2
Page 2 of 46
CERTIFICATION RG III UK ABS Canada - LRS
Certifying Authority
American Bureau of Shipping
Classification of Hull
Certificate No.
American Bureau of Shipping

8404965
Vessel Class
+A 1 Self Elevating Drilling Unit
Load Line Certificate

Certificate No.
Valid to 30 November 2006

A.B.S. 8404965-9
A.B.S. Cargo Gear Register

Quadrennial Part I
Certificate No.
Valid to 13 October 2007

A.B.S. MC 466846-CHG
United States Coast Guard
Valid to 16 Nov, 2005 Certificate of Inspection
Official Number
677034
Canada Certificate (CNSOPB)

Certificate of Fitness
Valid to 03 January 03
Department of Transport
SUR 218, N/A

SUR 229, N/A
International Oil
Pollution Prevention
Certificate
U.S.C.G. Certificate of
Financial Responsibility
Certificate No. 105372-14

Valid to 15 June 2007
FCC Ship/Aircraft Radio

Station License
Valid to 05 October 2014

Call Sign - KSCP
U.S.C.G.
Certificate of Documentation
U.S.C.G.
International Tonnage
Certificate held
Appendix B
B-3
Page 3 of 46
DESIGN CRITERIA
Dimensions
Length
297 ft.
Width
292 ft.
Depth of Hull
30 ft.
Number of legs
Leg Length
503.65 ft.
Leg cross section
46 ft. sq.
Spud Tank height
38.83 ft
Spud Tank cross section
65.75 ft
Leg Spacing
210 ft center Port leg to center Starboard leg

189 ft center of Bow leg to transverse center of aft legs
Gross Tons
13,190 tons
Net Tons
11,927 tons
38,789 Kips
Lightship Displacement
Max. Load Displacement
45,191 Kips
Max. Variable Load
8265.4 Kips
Max. Allowable Load on

Sub-Structure
1,500 Kips
Note : Maximum Allowable Load on Sub-Structure is carried separately from the Maximum Variable Load.
Waiting
Survival
Loads
DrillinP
Hook Load
566 tonnes
566 tonnes
0 tonnes
Rotary Load
589 tonnes
589 tonnes
0 tonnes
Setback Load
362 tonnes
362 tonnes
0 tonnes
These loads have been established considering the following environmental conditions in the North Sea.
Appendix B
B-4
Page 4 of 46
Maximum of 77 ft. seas with 84 lmt wind gust
Drilling
Waiting
Maximum of 77 ft. seas with 84 lmt wind gust
Survival
Maximum of 88 ft. seas with 82.7 knt wind gust
Cantilever skidout
52 ft. aft of transom
Substructure
12 ft. transverse to Port or Starboard of center
See Drawing Nos.
41
60
63
65
# 656-12164-84
# 656-12333-84
# 656-12369-84
# 656-12536-84
Loading
Maximum Deck Loading
Main Deck
500 lbs/sq.ft
Machinery Deck
500 lbs/sq.ft
Pipe Rack
5 Kips/linear ft
Cantilever
Cantilever Pipe Rack area 270 lbs per sq. ft. 800 Kips,
exclusive of substructure
See Drawing No.
36
( per beam )
# 656-12367-84
Preload
Required
(United Kingdom) D. En.
28,940 Kips with 503.65 ft leg

31,111 Kips with 503.65 ft. leg
Available capacity
34,404 Kips
Maximum Leg Reaction
26,500 Kips On any one leg
Weather Conditions for Jacking

Maximum
Appendix B
Roll
Pitch
Period
Seas
4.375 degrees single amplitude

4.375 degrees single amplitude
16 seconds
5 ft
B-5
Page 5 of 46
Design Temperatures
Atmospheric
Water
4 degrees F / -20 degrees C

28 degrees F / -2 degrees C
Storaee Capacity
8,380 bbls
#1
1,060 bbls
#2
1,060 bbls
#3
970 bbls
#4
970 bbls
#5
1,174
bbls
#6
1,174 bbls
#7
746 bbls
#8
746 bbls
#9
454 bbls
#10
454 bbls
#11
17,188 bbls
Total
Note: #1 which is used for pre-loading can be used for Drill Water.
Drill Water
Pot Water
#1
#2
Total
(Pre-load #1)
725 bbls
725 bbls
1,450 bbls
Diesel Fuel
#1
1,065 bbls
#2
1,252 bbls
#3
970 bbls
#4
746 bbls
#5
746 bbls
Total
4,779 bbls
Note: Tanks #4 & #5 are optional base oil tanks, (they are normally used for fuel). This will reduce
the total volume of fuel to 3,287 barrels if they are used for base oil.
Base Oil
#4
#5
Total
Lube Oil
#1
160 bbls
Used Oil
#1
242 bbls
Skimmer Tank
#1
242 bbls
746 bbls
746 bbls
1,492 bbls
Mud Pits
.
2,478 bbls
Note: See page 16 (under Mud System and Service) of Schedule A.
Sand Traps
.
618 bbls
Note: See page 16 (under Mud System and Service) of Schedule A.
Appendix B
B-6
Page 6 of 46
Bulk Storage
Barite
7,685 cu. ft. ( 4 tanks

@ 1640 cu. ft. & 1 @ 1125 cu. ft.)
7,685 cu. ft. ( 4 tanks
@ 1640 cu. ft. & 1 @ 1125 cu. ft.)
Cement
Note: These figures do not reflect the 70 cu. ft. barite surge tank or the 22 cu. ft cement surge tank.
Covered Sack Storage
5,400 sq. ft.
Pipe Storage (main deck)

5000 lbs)
110 linear ft x 7 ft high
Pipe Storage (cantilever)
50 Linear ft. x 7 ft high (max. allowable wt. - 800 Kips)
Miscellaneous Storage
3,300 cu. R(below deck)
See Drawing Nos.
2
8
32
33
(Max. load/linear R
# 656-12332-84
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12365-84
UNIT EOUIPMENT and DESCRIPTION

Prime Movers
Engines
Six (6)
S
Manufacture
Caterpillar
Model
D-399PC, V-16, 4-cycle turbo-charged,

after cooled
Horsepower
1325 Hp @ 1200 RPM
Misc.
All engines have high temperature, low oil pressure, over

speed alarms.
Control
Six (6) General Electric AC generator control and

metering panel rated for Caterpillar D-399 engines.
Cooling System
Closed Loop
Cooler Manufacturer
O.& M. Manufacturing
Appendix B
B-7
Page 7 of 46
11504-ESH-120-515-5
Model
Horizontal Fan coolers
Type
Coolant
Potable water, glycol, and inhibitor
Number
Three (3)
Generators
Six (6)
Manufacture
General Electric
Model
5CTA30A1
Type
KW
1092
KVA
1560
Volts
600
RPM
1200
Phase
Fuel Consumption
Fuel Specifications
80 bbls. per day (normal operations with six engines)

No. 1 Diesel
Misc.
Each generator connects to a G.E. 8,500 amp bus bar with

KVar, KWatt, Volt, and amp meters.
See Drawing No.
# 656-12334-84
Emergency Generator
Engine
one (1)
Manufacturer
Caterpillar
Model
D-399, V-16, turbo-charged with closed cooling system
Horsepower
1325 Hp. @ 1200 RPM
Misc
The engine has high temperature, low oil pressure, and

over-speed alarm.
Note: Unit can be tied directly to drilling equipment in an emergency. Operates Mid-Port
crane, Raw water
Appendix B
B-8
Page 8 of 46
pumps numbers 1&2, fire pumps nos. 1 & 2, emergency "J" box on shale shaker house, foam pump at helideck,
koomey unit on drill floor, "E"light distribution panel for rig, bilge pump, heater on rig floor.
Generator
one (1)
Manufacturer
Kato
Model
1030
Type
Synchronous AC
KW
1030
KVA
1287.5
Volts
600
Control
General Electric generator control and metering panel.

System equipped with automatic start-up and
power
Transfer upon loss of normal power.
Power Distribution
Drilling Control
D.C.
Manufacturer
General Electric
Model
U-Drill 3000
Type
S.C.R.
Volts
750 DC continuous
Amps
1800
Quantity
Ten (10) controlling 18 GE -752 shunt wound motors
Distribution
Multiple Assignment
Power Factor
One (1) Kato revolving field AC Generator
Manufacturer
Dretech
Model
1030 680361121 RPM - 1200
Type
VAR-PAC Correction System 21064 Phase 311260 KVA

conk 1287.5
Appendix B
B-9
Page 9 of 46
Motor Control
Manufacturer
Type
Voltage
Quantity
Transformers
Universal Switchgear, Inc.

Marine MCC Switchboard
600 volt, 480 volt, 120 volt
One unit located remotely in case of fire
Three (3)
Manufacturer
General Electric
Model
9T26C9103G7
KVA
750
Output
600 volts primary, 480
volts secondary
Hoisting and Rotary Equipment

Derrick
Manufacturer
Lee C. Moore
Model
W-15241
Type
167 ft T-Leg
Height
160 fL
Hook Load Capacity
1,230,000 lbs. static, with 12 lines
Base (ft x ft)
30 ftx 30 ft
Racking Capacity
225 stands of 5" drillpipe and 10 stands of 9-1/2" drill

collars on stbd side. Capable of drilling 30,000 ft of hole.
Traveling Block Guide
Designed to accommodate 29000 ft-lbs of torque

continuous and 38000 ft-lbs. intermittent induced by the
Top Drive
Casing/Stabbing Board
Casing/Stabbing
Board Air Hoist
Deckard Mfg. Model "A" with 37 ft. of travel

Ingersol-Rand Model ML1002010 with 3711 of lift and a 37 ft pendant line
Appendix B
B-10
Page 10 of 46
Monkey Board Air Hoist
2 Ingersol-Rand Model EUABPT 28501bs @ 60 ft/min

with 100 psig air
Derrick Lighting
Lighting Systems, Inc. Heavy duty lighting system with

obstruction lights, floodlights, fluorescent lights, and
lighting control panel that are explosion proof.
See Drawing Nos.
32
33
60
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12365-84
# 656-12333-84
Substructure
Manufacturer
Marathon LeTourneau
Setback Capacity
800,000 lbs.
Skid Type and Capacity
Two (2) - Electric Rack and Pinion with 231,000 lbs of

thrust and 7-1/2 ft/min travel.
Work deck Handling Air Hoist
Ingersol-Rand Model 252AB, with 4 line drum handling

3000 lbs/line @ 50ft/min with 100 PSIG air
BOP Stabilizing
four (4) Beebe Manual Winches Model HM-8, 5-ton

capacity
See Drawing Nos.
32
33
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12365-84
Drawworks
Manufactwer
National Supply
Model
1625-DE
Driven By
Three (3) General Electric 752 shunt wound motors

Model 5GE752R6A.
Console
General Electric
Crown Saver
Koomey T.C.B. Crown-o-matic
Catheads
National type 'A'
Sand Line
Designed for 9/16" line, spool has a capacity of

20,000 ft.
Maximum Line Pull
10-lines-1,000,000 lbs
Appendix B
B-11
10
Page 11 of 46
12-lines-1,200,000 lbs
14-lines-1,250,000 lbs
Note: This figure does not include the IADC recommended Minimum Safety Factor.
of Drawworks
See Attachment No. 1

Auxiliary Brake
Manufacturer
Baylor
Model
7820
Consisting of
7838 Elmago Eddy-Current brake with PWM-20 control

system. The system is capable of 117,000 torque in lbs.
with 250 VDC.
Brake Cooling System
two (2)- Mission 2x3 centrifugal pumps with 8-1/2"

Impellers, and 15hp motors one (1)- Ross Heat Exchanger
Model 15906 one (1)- Reservoir Tank
Crown Block
Manufacturer
National Supply
Model
860 J
Grooved for
1-1/2" line
Capacity
743 tons
Traveling Block
Manufacturer
National Supply
Model
760 H 650
No. of Sheaves
Grooved for
1-1/2" line
Capacity
650 tons
Manufactwrer
National Supply
Model
650 H
Hook
Appendix B
B-12
11
Page 12 of 46
Capacity
650 tons
Deadline Anchor
Manufacturer
National Supply
Type
EB
Grooved for
1-1/2" line
Drill Line
1-1/2"-6x19, KIPS, RRL, IWRC
Sand Line
9/16"-6x7, IPS, RRL, IWRC 20,000 ft on dnun
Swivel
Manufacturer
National Oilwell
Model
PS2 650/650
Capacity
650 tons
(1) Upper I BOP
6 5/8" IF Box
7 5/8" Reg Pin
(1) Lower I BOP
6 5/8" F.H. Pin
6 5/8" I.F. Box
Hydril 9.5" kelly guard

valve with automatic actuator,
15,000 WP
Hydril 9" Kelly guard
with manual actuator
15,000 WP
Rotary Table
Manufacturer
National Supply
Model
C495
Size
49-1/2"
Driven by
Drawworks motors
Complete with
Insert bowl assemblies for 20", 13 3/8", 9 5/8", and 9" to

2 7/8"
Ton Drive Drilling System
Appendix
Manufacturer
National Oilwell
Model
PS 650/650
Driven by
(1)General Electric 752 US High Torque model 5GE752US2
Page 13 of 46
Configuration
Shunt wound traction motor
Output Horsepower
1,130 Hp continuous
1,365 Hp intermittent
Output Torque
Max 24,280 ft/lbs continuous @ 296 RPM (4.047:1 gear

ratio) with 1250 amps armature current, 60 amps
field current (High Gear)
Max 49,355 ft/lbs continuous @ 145RPM (8.232:1 gear
ratio) with 1250 amps armature current, 60 amps field
current (Low Gear)
Peak Torque
55,511 ft/lbs intermittent with 1435 amps armature

current, 60 amps field current (Low Gear)
Maximum Speed
296 RPM
Power Requirements
Volts
Amps
Heater
Blower
750 DC maximum Amps

1,200 amps continuous
1,400 amps intermittent
450 watts, 240 VAC single phase
220/460 VAC, 3 phase 60Hz, 15 Hp
motor
Cooling System
Flow
3,200 CFM
PSI
17" H2O
H.P.
15
Voltage
220/460 VAC 3 phase 60 Hz
3450 RPM
Speed
Heat exchange 150,000 BTU/hr
Water supply 40 GPM @ 250 ft of head
40 PSI @ 20 SCF
Purge air
Air System
Self contained instrument air unit

supported by rig instrument air system.
Rotary Hose
Two (2)- Copper State 3"x75ft ,

5,000 PSI WP, 10,000 PSI test
Standpipe
5" Schell XXH, Grade B, A53 pipe

and 5,000psi WP manifold
Main Air Hoist
Two (2)- Ingersol-Rand Model KSUL handling 7,0001bs

@ 7011/min, with 100 PSIG air
Drill Collar Pull Back
One (1)- Ingersol-Rand Model BU7A handling 11401bs
Appendix B
B-I4
13
Page 14 of 46
@ 50ft/min, with 100 PSIG air

Personnel Carrier
One (1)-Model - MRDBG5 & FA MR
Tow Chain Air Hoist
One (1)- Ingersol-Rand Model HUL
Drill Collar Pull Back
One (1) Ingersol Rand Model BU7A handling

11401bs @ 50/min, with 100PSIG air
Specialty Eaufoment
Drive Pipe Tensioning
Consists of four (4) hydraulic jacks, to allow maximum

tension of 500,000 lb on the conductor. Jacks have a
piston stroke of 12", and the tension on the conductor
can be monitored remotely.
MUD SYSTEM and SERVICE

Mud Pumps
Manufacturer
Continental EMSCO
Type
Triplex
Model
FB 1600 with 5000psi Fluid Ends
Number on Board
Three (3)
Driven by
Two (2)- General Electric 752

shunt wound motors
Horsepower
Input 1600 Hp maximum

Output 1440 Hp maximum
Stokes per minute
120 maximum
Gear Ratio
3.439: 1
Maximum Pressure
5000 psi WP
Liners
Standard liners of 5.5", 6",6.5", and 7"
Relief Valves
High Pressure
Cont. EMSCO settable valves for liner sizes
Dampners
Appendix B
B-15
19
Page 15 of 46
High Pressure
Charging Pumps
Continental EMSCO PD - 55
Mission 8x6 Magnum with 12-1/8" impellor,50 hp TEFC
motor, 1200 rpm. Charging pumps are manifolded with
the mixing pumps for backup.
Note: Ventilation in this area is positive in order to maintain a gas free environment due to the proximity and
availability to the mud pit room. All doors in this area are equipped with automatic closer
Mud Pits (Closed in)
Main Mud Pits
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
slug pit
Total
619 bbls
619 bbls
555 bbls
215 bbls
404 bbls
62 bbls
2474 bbls
Note: Ventilation in this area is negative at all times to prevent gasses from entering the mud pump
mom. All doors in this area have automatic closer. There are alarms fitted to the discharge fan outlet to
acknowledge any disruption of flow.
Sand Trap Area
Mixing Pumps
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
trip tank
Total
178 bbls
76 bbls
76 bbls
76 bbls
76 bbls
76 bbls return pit
59 bbls
42bbls
659 bbls
Two (2)
Manufacturer
Mission
Model
Magnum
Size
8x6 with 13-1/8" impeller
Driven by
75 HP, 480 VAC, 3 phase,1100

RPM TEFC motor
GPM
Up to 3,000
Hoppers
Two (2)- 6" Mission Venturi
&Atm
Eight (8)- Lightning 80 series with 10 hp TEFC motors in
Appendix B
B-16
15
Page 16 of 46
the pits
Three (3)- Lighting Model 70 SERS in
the sand traps
Degasser
One (1)
Manufacturer
Swaco
Model
Total "TOGA"
Vacuum Pump
R Model 225
Shale Shakers
Four (4)
Manufacturer
Two (2) Derrick FLO Line Cleaners
Model
L48 96F 3
Manufacturer
Two (2) Derrick FLO Line Cleaner "Plus"
Model
L48 96F 3
Desander
One (1)
Manufacturer
Brandt
Model
SRS-3
One (1)
Desilter
Manufacturer
Brandt
Model
SE-20
Mud Processing Pumps
Four (4)
Manufacturer
Mission
Model
Magnum
Size
8x6 with 11-1/2" impellers
Appendix B
B-17
16
Page 17 of 46
Driven by
100 hp, 1750 rpm, TEFC motors
Trip Tank Pump
One (1) in Shakers
Manufacturer
Mission
Model
Magnum
Size
8x6 with 11-1/2" impeller
Driven by
75 hp, 1750 rpm, TEFC motor
See Drawing Nos.
8
18
20
21
22
23
26
27
32
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12339-84
# 656-12338-84
# 656-12354-84
# 656-12348-84
# 656-12346-84
# 656-12355-84
# 656-12344-84
# 656-12163-84
Forklift (Chemical Handling)
Manufacturer
Caterpillar (Rebuilt Nov. 2000)
Model
M3OB
Type
Electric
Capacity
5,000 lbs
Charger
Hobart Accu-Charger, Model

725C3 - 18
Hole Monitoring Equipment

Ton Mile Recorder
Totco Model 237037-001 / Ser# 1031

counter and recorder
Wire Line Unit
Halliburton Power Reel Assembly

model XLC-CT3VC1-E20-HS-Y2
with 20,000ft of .092 H2S line
Rowan Driller Killer
Designed and built by Rowan to monitor all drilling
Appendix B
B-I8
17
Page 18 of 46
parameters listed below.

Mud Flow and Pit Volume
"Rowan Driller Killer"

Pit volume display for five (5) pits, stroke counters,
standpipe pressure, pit volume gauge monitor and
percent of flow gauge, chart recorder for pit volume and
percent of flow. Displays in office and rig floor.
Trip Tank Monitor
"Rowan Driller Killer"

Displays information for tripping, stand counter, trip tank
volume with alarms, barrels used/barrels needed and
difference of the gain/loss. Can be set per fill up or total
trip. Displays in office and rig floor.
B.O.P. SYSTEM
Diverter
Manufacturer
Hydril
Model
FSP 2000
Size
28"
Outlet Sizes
12" flow line

2" fill-up
1/2" annulus pressure readout
Outlet Pressure
2,000 WP
Housing Secured by
Four (4)- hydraulic locking dogs
Flow line valve
12" Hydril selector/deflector / 500 psi-WP
Control System
NL-Koomey, model UD4R-7H-3A
Remote Panel
For Emergency Operation
Note: The maximum O.D. that may be passed through the diverter housing is 43" /Housing out = 49"
13-5/8" BOP Stack

Annular
Hydril, Type GK, 13-5/8" x 10,000 psi-WP (BX 159)
Double Studded
13-5/8", 10,000 psi-WP (BX 159) Adapter X

13-5/8",15,000 psi-WP (BX 159)
Appendix B
B-19
18
Page 19 of 46
Ram Type Preventer
One (1)- Cameron, 13-5/8", Type "U" doubles, 15,000

psi-WP (BX 159), with 3-1/16",15,000 psi-WP outlets
(BX 154)
One (1) Cameron, 13-5/8" Type "U" Doubles, 15,000
psi-WP (BX 159), with 4-1/16" 15,000 psi-WP outlets
CAV DSA to 3-1/16"
Rams
4 set- 5"
3 set- 3-1/2"
2 set- 5"x 7" variable
1 set- 7"
1 set- 9-5/8"
1 set- Blind/Shear*
1 set- Blind
Wing Valves
Three (3)- Cameron 3-1/16", Type "F" gate valves,

manual
15,000 psi WP, H2S trimmed
Three (3)- Cameron 3-1/16", Type "F" gate valves with
hydraulic operators and manual override, 15,000
psi-WP.
Choke Manifold
Valves
21- Cameron 3-1/16", Type 'T" gate valves, 15,000

psi-WP
One (1)- Cameron 3-1/16", Type "F" gate valve,
15,000 psi-WP with hydraulic actuator and
manual override
Three (3)- Cameron 3-1/16", Type "F" gate valves,
10,000psi-WP
Chokes
Two (2)- Hydraulic Cameron Ultra Chokes

Two (2) Cameron Manual Adjustable Chokes
15000 psi WP. 1 3/4" full open
Buffer Manifold
1 Valve, 10,000 psi-WP, 9" O.D. x 6" I.D.
Outlets
Two (2)- 6" outlets leading one (1) each to port and
starboard for discharge to customer fitted burner booms
Poor Boy Degasser
Approved design with 8" vent extending 20' above

derrick water table, and 6" affluent line returning to dip
Appendix B
B-20
19
Page 20 of 46
tube before entering flow line.
B.O.P. Control System
Manufacturer
Koomey
Type
80 Super T
Model
TX360-15ST
WP
1,500/3,000 psi
4,500 psi emergency
Accumulator
Reservoir Tank
26 -15 gallon bottles

540 gallons
Electric Pump
Triplex with 40 hp motor
Air Pump
Remote Panel
Three (3)- 60 : 1 ratio, 5,000 psi check valve

For emergency operation
B.O.P. Hoses
Kill and Choke
Three (3)- 3"x 5711, 3-1/161D 15,000 psi-WP, 22,500

psi-test, flame retardant, Copperstate 350 deg F.
Control Lines
Ten (10) - 2" 6000 psi-WP. Copperstate steel hoses
B.O.P. Handling System
Two (2)- Dretech hydraulic hoisting cylinders, 80 ton

capacity each, 10" bore x 48" stroke, 3,000 psi-WP
CEMENTING EOUIPMENT
Cementing Unit
Manufacturer
Schlumberger
Model
Cat CPS 361, MD 1000
Pressure Rating
15,000 psi-WP
Driven by
Two 300 hp Cat, One V 12 Detroit 400 hp
Fluid End Assembly
Two Garden Denver, One MD 1000
Misc
2000 gal Liquid Additive System. The LAS has
Appendix B
B-21
20
Page 21 of 46
3 tanks and 4 diaphragm pumps. The LAS also

has 3 30 gal drop tanks. The mixing system consists
of a 8 bbl mix tub, and a CBS-150 (continues mixing
blender). The density is computer controlled.
HaBurton Chicksans
Seven(7)-Chicicsans15,00WP/1502connection
Lo-Torg. Valves
Two(2)-15,000WP/1502connection
Circulating Head
Halliburton, 2" - 1502, 15,000 psi WP
Zone II Safety System
Entire cement package is zone II safety rated.
See Drawing Nos.
8
20
21
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12338-84
# 656-12354-84
CRANES
Manufacturer
Marathon LeTourneau
Number
Four (4)
Type
3-PCM-350 with 125 ft. booms, rated 60 tons @ 58 ft.

located port-fwd SN-1040 port-aft SN-1041
STBD-mid SN-1039
1-PCM-120 with 100 ft booms rated 50 tons @ 26 ft.
located port-mid SN-1039
Weight Indicators
In Bow, Port & Aft Cranes (Stbd)
Manufacturer
A-2-B (Wylie System)
Type
Radio (Electrical)
See Drawing Nos.
32
33
60
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12365-84
# 656-12333-84
BARGE SERVICE EQUIPMENT

Pumps
Appendix B
B-22
21
Page 22 of 46
Salt Water
Two (2)- S & N ,8" EMU submersible

With 114hp motors, delivering
1200GPM @ 3480 RPM
Pre-Load
Two (2) - Independent S&N 175 HP 12" 2-Stage

Pumps. Delivering 4000 GPM
Located in water well area.
Drill Water
Two (2) - Peerless model 101b, 40HP, 1760RPM, 4 stage 350 GPM.
Potable Water
Two (2)- Specific Offshore model

140 Berkley Pumps model PW1658 delivering 70 GPM at 70 psi
Sanitation
Two (2)- Specific Offshore model

150 Berkley Pumps model PW1658 delivering 70 GPM at 70 psi
Bilge - (fixed)
Two (2)- Marlow model 525EL-5B

centrifugal, 6 x 4, self priming
One (1)- Gorman-Rupp, model 13A2
with Lister Engine
(portable)
Fuel Supply
One (1)- Roper model 2AM08, rotary

gear pump
Fuel Transfer
Two (2)- Roper model 2AM27, rotary

gear pumps
Fuel Oil Purifier
One (1)- Alfa-Laval Model

MAB-104B
Lube Oil
One (1)- Tuthill gear pump
Base Oil Pump
One (1)- Mission Magnum Model

N52813, 2" X 3"
See Drawing Nos.
Appendix B
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
19
24
# 656-12331-84
# 656-12329-84
# 656-12330-84
# 656-12328-84
# 656-12332-84
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12340-84
# 656-12339-84
# 656-12343-84
# 656-12349-84
8-23
22
Page 23 of 46
S
25
26
29
30
31
54
55
56
57
# 656-12350-84
# 656-12355-84
# 656-12352-84
# 656-12341-84
# 656-12331-84
# 656-12320-84
# 656-12322-84
# 656-12321-84
# 656-12325-84
Environmental Protection
Sewage Unit
Omnipure Waste Water Treatment Model No. 12MB1227 Serial No. 8412M-567 Capacity 3600 gal per day.
Pollution Skid:
Skid with contents of one (1) Air-powered Drum Lid

Vacuum Unit, One (1) Two-Piece Wand forVacuum,
One (1)Crevice Tool for Vacuum, One (1) Floor Tool
For Vacuum, One (1) Open End Gulper Tool for Vacuum, Twenty Foot (20') Vacuum Hose, One Hundred
Foot (100') Air Hose with Crowsfoot Connections,
One (1) Froth-Pak 180 Foam Kit, One (1) Aluminum
Carrier for Froth-Pak Kit, Four (4) 55 Gallon DOT
Drums with lids, Two (2) Hard Hats w/Attached Full
Face Shields, Two (2) 24" Floor Squeegees, Two (2)
Grounding Cables w/Clips, Two (2) Heavy Neoprene
Aprons, Five (5) Gallon Emulsifies, One (1) Roll 2"
Masking Tape, One (1) Roll Duct Tape, Two (2) Pairs
of Heavy Neoprene Gloves, Two (2) Aluminum Scoop
Shovels, Two (2) Aluminum dust Pans, One (1) Roll
"Caution" Tape, Two (2) Pairs Chemical Resistant
Goggles, Three (3) Galvanized Babin Pumps, Four
(4) 14-qt Galvanized Pails, Two (2) Heavy Duty
Caulking Guns, Six (6) Tubes Silicone Caulking, One
Hundred Fifty (150) 18" x 20" Sphag Sorb Pads, Two
(2) 4 cult. Bags Loose Sphag Sorb, Twelve (12)
Cartons Slip-Resistant Ash Powder Absorbent, Two
(2) Respirators with Organic Vapor Cartridges, One
(1) Inventory Checklist.
Drip pans and piping to collect drill floor and cantilever deck waste into a collecting tank for pollution control
as required by the U.S. Coast Guard. A 6" skirt around the aft main work deck to prevent discharge over the side
of potentially hazardous waste. Six aft deck drains lead into a common skimmer tank. Collection pans around all
diesel day tanks are capable of containing the contents of the respective tanks
See Drawing Nos.
Appendix B
8
30
54
55
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12341-84
# 656-12320-84
# 656-12322-84
B-24
23
Page 24 of 46
56
57
# 656-12321-84
# 656-12325-84
Potable Water Maker
Manufacturer
Alfa-Laval
Model
DPU-36-C1000
Type
Fresh Water Distiller
Output
12,417 GPD
See Drawing Nos.
8
24
54
55
# 65612101-84
# 656-12115-84
# 656-12127-84
# 656-12096-84
Air Supply
Rig Air
TWO (2)- Sullair model LS-12

compressors rated at 140
psi 227 SCFM
Cold Start
Lister Model 321-2697511A - Diesel

(emergency supply)
Storage
Three (3)- 30" diameter x 166"

length tanks U.S.C.G. approved
Bulk Air
One (1)- Gardner-Denver ACL

compressors model H9L 998
AVLHICA, rated at 40 psi with
30 hp motors, 160 CFM
One (1) Quincy QSLP-60compressor.
Out put: 500 CFM at 30 psi. Hp = 60
Model QSLP6OANA3P
Instrument Air
Supplying rig floor and other possible outlets
Bulk Air Dryer
One (1) Pioneer Air Dryer, Model R325A,

250 psi max, Heat rejection 100 BTU a minute
per 100 SCFM.
See Drawing Nos.
Appendix B
# 656 12334-84
B-25
24
Page 25 of 46
28
# 656-12353-84
Welding Equipment
Arc Welders
Two (2) - Miller Dimension 652-230/480/575 V 60Hz

#903 379 arc welders
One (1) Portable Mig
Three Sets
Oxygen/Acetylene portable setups c/w spare

Oxy/Acet bottles
See Drawing No.
# 656-12334-84
Miscellaneous Equinment
Digital Camera
AGFA ePhoto 780
Rig Computer
Three (3) HP Pentium 4 Mod.Vcetrav1420mt for

working stability calculations, storing personnel
information and rig inventory
Pressure Washer
Hotsy Hawk Model # H-7000

SN # 06138. Elect Motor Balder
15 HP @ 6GPM. 3000psi
Quarters
4th Floor is dedicated to
offices use only
1 Conference Office
3 Rowan Offices
2 Operator Offices
1 Large Office with 6 desks dedicated for
Service Company use
Staterooms
2 man rooms
4 man rooms
Certified for 92 personnel

10 ( 2 assigned to operator )
18
Recreational Space
1 T V. and Video area
Mess Hall / Galley
Hospital / Sickbay
1 w/ 6 bed spaces
Control Room
1 includes
Appendix B
- Radio room
- Jacking Control
- Main Propulsion Control
B-26
25
Page 26 of 46
See Drawing Nos.
32
42
43
46
47
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12315-84
# 656-12323-84
# 656-12317-84
# 656-12326-84
Heliport
Helicopter Rating
Boeing 234 LR Chinook
Deck Area and Size
94 ft. x 90 ft. (length x width )

8,460 sq.ft.
Impact Capacity
72,000 lbs
Refueling System
New-Mar Oil Services

Model No.- Fuel Safe F60
Serial No.- DU-AB0882-04-36
Power Unit
Foxtronics
Model No.-PR2400-T7
Output - 1500 amps
NATO Plug on output cable
Firefighting System
See Emergency Equipment
See Drawing Nos.
1
32
40
41
60
# 656-12480-84
# 656 12163-84
# 656-12363-84
# 656-12164-84
# 656-12333-84
Propulsion
Two (2)- 112" propellers driven by four (4) G.E.- 752
shunt wound motors developing 3000 Hp each. The main
controls for thrusters are located in the control/radio
room. A slot control console is available for use when
moving onto platforms. The thrusters
are for transit assist and position assist only.
Description
See Drawing No.
# 656-12334-84
Jacking System
Manufacturer
Marathon LeToumeau
Type
Rack and Pinion
Appendix B
B-27
26
Page 27 of 46
Power
600 volt, 60 cycle

3 phase, A.C. current
Power Application
Marathon LeToumeau squirrel

cage induction
type motor, 32 per leg, 8 per column
Elevating Capacity
375 Kips/motor
Brakes
Multi-disc, spring loaded, electro-mechanically operated
Holding Capacity
600 Kips/motor
Elevating Speed
90 ft/hour
See Drawing Nos.
32
60
64
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12333-84
# 656-12536-84
Mooring System
Winches
Two (2)
Manufacturer
Marathon LeToumeau
Model
W-1500
Driven by
cage induction
Marathon LeToumeau squirrel
type AC motor driving cable drum through an oil bath
gear train.
Brake
Electro-magnetically controlled, spring loaded, multiple

disc type on drive motor. Multiple disc, manually
controlled on cable drum
Controls
Selector switch for "low and high" speed operation.

Manually operated lever for free spooling of brake drum.
Drum Capacity
3,000 ft 1-1/4" dia. wire rope
Line Pull (1st wrap)
50,000 lbs. (high or low speed)
Brake Capacity
130,000 lbs.
Line Speed, Low
19 FPM (1st wrap)
Line Speed, High
38 FPM (1st wrap)
Power
400-480 volt, 60 cycle, 3 phase AC current
Appendix 8
8-28
27
Page 28 of 46
Anchor Line
1 1/2" 6x37 2500 ft
Anchors
Baldt Stockless, 10,000 lbs.
Buoys
6ft.diax 9ft long, 255 cu.ft.
See Drawing No.
32
# 656-12088-84
Communications Equinment
Fixed Radios
GMDSS
Inmarsat C ID: 433851410

MMSI # 338514000
Sailor Inmarsat-C H2095B Transceiver
Sailor Compact HF SSB Telex/DSC RM2151
One (1) - Sailor Compact HF- SSB Watch Receiver
One (1) - Sailor Compact SSB RE2100 Transceiver
Two (2) Sailor Compact VHF DSC RM 2042
Two (2) Sailor Compact VHF RT2150
High Frequency
1 Skanti SSB Transceiver
VHF
One (1) - Sailor Type RT-144AC Transceiver

One (1) Shakespeare SE 2001 Transceiver
Aircraft
One (1)- Narco model 120 TSO
VHF-AM transceiver
Beacon
One (1)- Spilsbury LWX-100A NDB transmitter

Frequency - 897 khz (329 khz)
Call Sign 2C
Portable Radios
Three (3) AXIS 30 GMDSS Transceivers

Three (3) Sailor SP3110 GMDSS Transceivers
Four (4) - SARTs (in Lifeboats)
Two (2) - IESM SART's (spare)
Five (5) - ACR model 406 Satellite EPIRB
Seven (7) - ICOM IC - 459
VHF-FM transceivers, for use
in intrinsically safe areas
Intercom System
Gai-Tronics public address system
Appendix B
B-29
28
Page 29 of 46
Telephone System
See Drawing No.
Hose-McCann sound powered system

66
# 656-12099-84
Navigational Equipment
Obstruction Lights
Automatic Power, Inc. model

FA-250, with Penwalt light controller
Fog Horn
Penwalt
Barometer
Chelsea Boston "Tide Teller"

with clock
SAFETY APPLIANCES
Fire and Gas Detection and Alarm Equipment
The system was designed and manufactured by the Hiller Corporation of New Orleans, Louisiana. It is
tied into the Gai-Tronics public address system for alarm announcement of; sprinkler system detonation
in the quarters, fire alarm, abandonment, H2S gas, and CH4 gas. The fire alarm works both
automatically and by manual actuators. The abandonment alarm is solely manual and all other systems
are automatic.
Fire and Smoke Detection
Pyrotronics System 3 with 24 zones including the

Halon gas dispensing units
Combustible Gas
Three (3)- Rexnord Series 880A gas monitors with a

model 225474 controller with 18 channels
Detectors in Critical Areas
Rig Floor 5 detectors

Shale Shakers 1 detector
Mud Pits 2 detectors
Pump Room 2 detectors
Note: Alarms set at 20% LEL (low level) and 40% LEL (high level). This system automatically isolates cranes
within the hazardous area while the alarm is activated.
Hydrogen-Sulfide
Detector Zones
Rexnord Series 740A gas monitor with

a model 226123 controller with four (4) channels
Zone 1 - Rig Floor (1 detector)
Zone 2 - Shale Shakers (1 detector)
Zone 3 - Mud Pits (1 detector starboard)
Zone 4 - Mud Pits (1 detector port)
Note: Alarms set at 10 PPM (low level) and 20 PPM (high level)
Appendix B
B-30
29
Page 30 of 46
General Alarm System
Nine (9)- Switch stations and

32 alarm bells
Portable Detectors
Six (6) BW Defender Multi-Gas Detectors

Mod # D4-2000 for H2S, CO, 02 and EX
See Drawing Nos.
17
39
61
# 656-12337-84
# 656-12368-84
# 656-12362-84
Firefighting Equipment and Appliances

Fire Hoses
Six (6)- 1-1/2" hose stations

Twenty (20) - 2-1/2" hose stations
Fire Extinguishers
40 - 301b dry chemical

1 - 100lb CO2
1 - 201b CO2
6 - 151b CO2
Miscellaneous Equipment
13 - Fire axes
2 - Fire blankets
6 - Fireman's outfits, complete
1 - Helicopter crash kit
Fire Suppression
Halon
Manufacturer
Kidde Co.
Type
Halon 1301
Locations
Control room
Emergency Generator room
Engine and SCR room
Note: The Halon system is independent in its operation. It is controlled by automatic actuators and or
from remote manual actuators. There are also manual actuators at the point of discharge.
CO2
Location
Appendix B
Paint locker
B-31
30
Page 31 of 46
Note: This system has both manual and automatic activators.
Foam System
Location
Heliport
Consisting of
3 - Foam guns, model FVB-2-600

1 - Foam 1-1/2"Hose Stations
1 - Foam tank, model FECON 200 gal.
1 - Pump, Mission, Magnum
STK - 651/46 HIMAG Seal- 22451-1
Ser # M19944.
with 125 hp motor, delivering
970 GPM at 150 PSI
Required spare 3% AFFF foam
Coverage
Heliport and helicopter fuel holding deck
Foam System
Make
Model
Tank Capacity
Nozzle Flow Rate
Discharge Time
Working Pressure
Coverage
CHUBB National Foam

300M
200 gallons
95 GPM @ 175 PSIG
21 min. @ 3%
10 rain. @ 6%
@ 200deg. F, Max.all working Press -20deg.F
@175psi
Oil Rm., Mud pits and Shale Shakers
FM-200 Extinguishing Agent

Location
SCR Room
Sprinkler System
Quarters
125 outlets
Rate
370 GPM
Note: The quarters system is activated automatically at the point of detection only. Upon sensing water
flow in the system an alarm is activated over the P.A.
Fire PURIM
Appendix B
B-32
31
Page 32 of 46
Main Pumps
Two (2)
Manufacturer
Peerless
Model
Type
3AB9
Horizontal split case
Driven by
75 hp motors
Rate
700 GPM
Locations
One (1)- Port P-tank room(E-power)

One (1)- Starboard P-tank room(E-power)
Note: Fire pumps can be activated from the Control Room deck, the Heliport, and at the respective pumps. They
will automatically activate upon demand due to the loss of pressure at the sprinkler main.
Alternate Fire Pumps
Two (2)- drill water pumps
Manufacturer
Peerless
Model
10 LB
Driven by
40 hp motor
Rate
Sprinkler Pump
350 GPM
Manufacturer
Specific Equipment
Model
PW 1506
Driven by
5 hp motor
Rate
70 GPM
PSI
70
Note: This pump is to maintain the pressure in the system, once activated, the main fire pumps start.
See Drawing Nos.
Appendix B
8
12
13
14
15
16
32
34
38
# 656-12334-84
# 656-12465-84
# 656-12345-84
# 656-12342-84
# 656-12336-84
# 656-12335-84
# 656-12163-84
# 656-12366-84
# 656B-33
32
Page 33 of 46
44
45
48
49
50
51
52
53
58
59
# 656-12463-84
# 656-12460-84
# 656-12356-84
# 656-12358-84
# 656-12316-84
# 656-12324-84
# 656-12318-84
# 656-12327-84
# 656-12543-84
# 656-12542-84
Lifesaving Equipment
Capsules
With Long Drop winches (202'of cable)
Number
Four (4)
Manufacturer
Whittaker
Capacities
Two (2)- 38 men

One port and One starboard
Two (2)- 54 men
One port and One starboard
Davit Launched Inflatable Life Rafts

Four (4)- ISSI Crewsaver Inflatable Davit
Launch Life Rafts (25 person capacity each)
Personal Flotation Devices

Immersion Suits
184
Lifejackets
276
Workvest
10
Flotation Assist Devices

Liferings
Nine (9)
Smoke Buoys
Six (6) - Pains & WESSEX Smoke & Strobe Bouy
Appendix B
B-34
33
Page 34 of 46
Strobe Lights
Four (4)- Guest Model 375 strobe lights
Transport Litters
Two (2)- Stokes litters
General Safety Equipment

Breathing Apparatus
Twelve (12)- Scott Air Pack model 2.2

With 6 spare bottles
Personnel Transfer
Two (2)- Billy Pugh model X-871

Personnel transfer nets with
safety load line
See Drawing Nos.
12
38
44
45
# 656-12465-84
# 656# 656-12463-84
# 656-12460-84
WINTERIZATION. BARGE and RIG

Heaters
Manufacturer
Two (2)-Tioga
Model
IDF-3.5 BO (Offshore)
Type
TDF-MBOS indirect-fired
Output
3.5 million BTU's
Steam Generator
Two (2)
Manufacturer
Clayton Engineering
Model
(2) EQ-200-1 boiler 150psi
Output
5764 PPH steam
Use
Cleaning and De-icing
Windwalls
Around rig floor, derrick monkey board, and shale

shakers. Electric Ruffneck Heaters
DRILL STRING and HANDLING EQUIPMENT
Appendix B
B-35
34
Page 35 of 46
Drill Pine and Drill Collars

Drill Pipe
5" Grade S-135
645 JTS, 20,453.54' , 19.5 lbJft, with

4-1/2 API-IF connection
Puy Joints
5" Grade S-135
Four (4) - 1 - 8.05, 1 - 8.55, 1 - 13.07, 1 - 13.68

with 4-1/2" API Connections.
Kelly Guard Valves
Two (2)- Hydril 4-1/2" 10,000WP
Gray Valves
One (1) - Grey - 4-1/2" 10,000WP
Heavy Weight Drill Pipe

5,,
Thirty (30)- with 4-1/2 API-IF

connections 49.3 lb/.ft.
Drill Collars (All spiral)

9"
Nine(9)- with 7-5/8" API-Reg

connections. 200 lb./ft.
8"
Twenty-four(24)- with 6-5/8" H90connections. 160 lb./ft.
6-1/2"
Twenty-four(24)- with 4-1/2"

H90 connections. 99 lb./ft
4-3/4"
Twenty four (24)- with 3-1/2"

IF API-connections. 49.61b/ft
Drill Pipe Elevators and Slips

Elevators
Two (2)- 1 B-J type "GG", 1 Center

Latch FWH for 5" drill pipe
Slips
Three (3) Varco "SDXL" for 5"

drill pipe
Appendix B
B-36
35
Page 36 of 46
Air Slips
One (1) Varco Model PS-16 air operated power

Slips.
Drill Collar Elevators and Slips

Elevators
One (1)- B-J Type TA100 for 4-3/4"

drill collars
One (1)- B-J Type TA150 for 6-1/2"

drill collars
One (1)- B-J Type TA150 for 8"

drill collars
One (1)- B-J Type TA150 for 9"
drill collars
Slips
One (1)- Varco Type "DCSL" multi

segment for 6-3/4" to 8-1/2"
drill collars
One (1)- Varco Type "DCSR" slips
for 5-1/2" to 7" drill collars
Safety Clamp
One (1)- Varco Type MP-R clamp for

6-3/4" to 9-3/4" range
Pine Make-Up/Breakout Powered Equipment

Torque Wrench
One (1) Varco 182100 Iron Roughneck

One (1)- Varco Model TW-60 torque
wrench
One (1)- Varco Model SSWW30 pipe
Spinner
spinner
Hydraulic Unit
Elevator Bales (500 ton)
Appendix B
One (1)- Varco Model HP32D-2000

dual hydraulic power unit with
two (2) pumps, two (2) 40 hp
motors, and a 200 gal fluid reservoir
Two (2) Sets- B-J 3-1/2"x 11' weld-less links (350T)
One (1) Set- National 4-3/4"x15' weld-less links (750T)
B-37
36
Page 37 of 46
Pipe tongs
Three (3)- B-J Type "SDD" tongs w/

jaws to fit 4" to 17" tubulars
Mud Bucket
One (1)- OKEH mud bucket with 5"

and 3-1/2" seals
Casing Handling Equipment

Side Door Elevators
One (1)- Baash-Ross Type H-200

9-5/8"
13-3/8"
20"
Single Joint Elevators
One (1)- Baash-Ross for 9-5/8"

One (1)- Baash-Ross for 13-3/8"
One (1)- Baash-Ross for 20"
500 Ton Casing Equipment

Spider/Elevators
Three (3)-Varco complete with

inserts for 13-3/8", 11-3/4, 9-5/8",
7-5/8" and 5-1/2" casing.
Casing Slips
One (1)- Varco Model "CMSXL" for

20" casing
One (1)- Varco Model "CMSXL" for
13-3/8" casing
Bit Breakers
Hughes Bit Breakers
One (1)- 4-3/4" bits

One (1)- 5-5/8" - 6-1/4" bits
One (1)- 6-1/8" bits
One (1)- 6" - 6-1/4" bits
One (1)- 6-1/4" bits
One (1)- 6-1/2" bits
One (1)- 6-3/4" bits
One (1)- 9-5/8" - 9-7/8" bits
One (1)- 10-5/8" - 11" bits
One (1)- 13-1/2" - 13-3/4" bits
Note: The above bit breakers are for conventional rock bits. All bit breakers for "PDC" and Diamond bits are
Operator furnished.
Appendix B
B-38
37
Page 38 of 46
FISHING TOOLS and JARS

Fishing Tools
10-5/8" Bowen Series 150 releasing and circulating overshot complete

with grapple and packer to catch 9" drill collars and:
10-5/8" O.D. standard lip guide
10-5/8" O.D. short sub, type 'SS' with 5" XH tool joint
10-5/8" O.D. extension sub, 36" long
15" O.D. oversized lip guide
2 - 9" spiral grapples
2 - 9" packers
2 - 8-7/8" spiral grapples
2 - 8-7/8" packers
1- 9-11/16" spiral grapple control
2 - 8" basket grapples
2 - 8" control packers
2 - 7-7/8" basket grapples
2 - 7-7/8" control packers
3 - 8" inner seals
3 - 7-7/8" inner seals
7-5/8" Bowen Series 150 releasing and circulating overshot complete
grapple and packer to catch 6-1/2" drill collars and:
8-1/8" O.D. bowl with 4-1/2" API-IF connection
7-5/8" O.D. bowl for slim hole work
11-3/4" O.D. cut lip guide
15" O.D. cut lip guide
7-5/8" O.D. extension sub 36" long
9-3/16"x 7-5/8" O.D. Itcoloy overshot bushing to mill over 6-3/8" tool joint
9-3/16"x 7-5/8" O.D. Itcoloy overshot bushing to mill over 5" tool joint
2 - 6-1/2" spiral grapple
2 - 6-1/2" type "A" packer
2 - 7" spiral grapple controls
2 - 5" basket grapple
2 - 5" mill control packer
3 - 5" inner seals
3 - outer seals for control packer
5-3/4" Bowen Series 150 releasing and circulating overshot complete with grapple and packer to catch 4-3/4"
Appendix B
8-39
38
Page 39 of 46
drill collars and:

5-3/4" O.D. standard lip guide
5-3/4" O.D. short top sub, type 'SS' with 3-1/2" tool joint
5-3/4" O.D. extension sub, 36" long
1 - 5-1/4" spiral grapple control
Taper Tap
6-3/8" O.D. Bowen Rotary Taper Tap, 36" long with, 1-3/4" to
3-1/2" taper and a 5" XH box tool joint
Jars
2 - 6-3/8" O.D. Bowen Type "Z" Oil Jars, integral mandrel type, with
2-1/4" I D and 5" XH tool joints
2 - 6-3/8" O.D. Bowen Bumper Sub with 20" stroke, 2-1/4" I D , and
5" XH tool joints
Junk Mills
1 - 12" Bowen mill with 6-5/8" API-Reg connection
1 - 9-5/8" Bowen mill with 6-5/8" API-Reg connection
1 - 8-1/8" Bowen mill with 4-1/2" API-IF connection
1 - 5-3/4" Bowen mill with 3-1/2" API-IF connection
Note: The fishing tools onboard the rig are designed to fish for contractor's in-hole equipment. If Operator's
equipment is of a different size, then operator must furnish the appropriate tools.
4 x 2-F-3R Bakerline Model "G" float valve
4 x 4R Bakerline Model "G" float valve
4 x 5F-6R Bakerline Model "G" float valve
Float Valves:
SUB LIST
Lift Subs
Serial No. Length
R44101
R44102
#2
R44103
R44104
R44105
Appendix B
2'-8"
2'-8"
2'-8"
2'-8"
2'-7"
2'-7"
Top Thread
0.D
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4-3/4"
4-3/4"
4-3/4"
4-3/4"
6-1/2"
6-1/2"
I.D.
Bottom Thread
3-1/2" IF Pin
3-1/2" IF Pin
3-1/2" IF Pin
3-1/2" IF Pin
4-1/2" H90 Pin
4-1/2" H90 Pin
B-40
39
Page 40 of 46
R44107
R44108
R44109
R44109A
R44110
R44110A
R44111A
R4412A
SSDS7171
RF2LNSL
2'-6 1/2"
2'-6 1/2"
2'-o1/2"
3'
2'-6"
2'-6 1/2"
2'-6 1/2"
2'-6 1/2"
3'
2'-6"
6-5/8" H90 Pin

6-5/8" H90 Pin
7-5/8"REG Pin
7-5/8"REG Pin
4-1/2" H90 Pin
6-5/8" H90 Pin
6-5/8" H90 Pin
6-5/8" H90 PM
7-5/8"REG Pin
4-1/2" H90 Pin
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
8"
8"
8-15/16"
4-1/2"
6-1/2"
8"
8"
8"
9-1/2"
6-1/2"
0.D.
I.D.
Bottom Thread
6-9/16"
6-9/16"
6-5/8"
8"
8"
8"
8"
9-1/16"
9-1/16"
9"
9"
7-11/16"
2-1/2"
2-3/8"
2-3/8"
2-1/4"
3"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
3"
3-1/2REGBox
4-1/2REGBox
4-1/2REGBox
3-1/2REGBox
4-1/2H90Box
6-5/8REGBox
6-5/8REGBox
6-5/8REGBox
7-5/8REGBox
7-5/8REGBox
6-5/8H90 Box
7-5/8REGBox
4-1/2" IF Box
7-5/8REGBox
7-5/8REGBox
7-5/8REGBox
Double Box Subs

Serial No.
Length
Top Thread
R44202
R44203
R44204
R44205
R44207
R44208
R44209
R44210
R44211
R44212
R44221
R44222
#26S/N003
R44217
R44218
R44219
4'
4'
3'-11"
4'
4'
3'-3 1/2"
4'
4'
3'-11 1/2"
3'-6"
4'-1/4"
4'-1/4"
1'-3"
2'-2 1/2"
4'
3-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" H90 Box
4-1/2" H90 Box
4-1/2" H90 Box
6-5/8" REG Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
7-5/8" REG Box
7-5/8" REG Box
7-5/8" REG Box
7-5/8" REG Box
6-5/8" REG Box
6-5/8" REG Box
6-5/8" REG Box
6-5/8" REG Box
Junk Basket 300 Series

Serial No.
Length
Top Thread
0.D.
I.D.
Bottom Thread
R44306A
R44307
R44308
R44309
2'-9"
2'-7"
2'-7"
2'-7"
3-1/2" REG Pin

4-1/2" REG Pin
6-5/8" REG PM
6-5/8" REG Pin
5-3/16"
5-1/2"
7-3/4"
7-11/16"
2"
2-1/4"
3-1/2"
3-1/2"
3-1/2REGBox
4-1/2REGBox
6-5/8REGBox
6-5/8REGBox
Box - Pin 400 Series Subs

Serial No.
Lerja
Top Thread
0.D.
I.D.
Bottom Thread
R44403
R44404
2'-7"
2'-8"
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
6-3/8"
6-3/8"
2-9/16"
2-5/8"
3-1/2" IF Pin
3-1/2" IF Pin
Appendix B
B-41
90
Page 41 of 46
R44405
R4.4411
R44412
R44418R
R44425
R44428
R44429
RCI 51
2'-2 1/2"
l'- 1 3/4"
l'- 1 3/4"
3'-9"
2'-3"
2'
3'-7"
2'-7"
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" REG Box
4-1/2" IF Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
6-7/16"
6-3/8"
6-3/8"
8"
9-1/16"
6-1/2"
8"
9-1/16"
2-3/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
3"
2-7/8"
2-1/4"
3"
2-13/16"
4-1/2" H90 Pin

4-1/2" IF Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
6-5/8" H90 Pin
7-5/8"REG Pin
4-1/2"REG Pin
6-5/8" H90 Pin
7-5/8"REG Pin
RCI34
2'-8"
R44436
3'-5"
RCI 002 32 2'-5"
R44440
2'-7 1/2"
R44443
2'-7''A"
R44444
2'-8 5/8"
R44445
2'-8"
R44446
2'7 1/8"
RCI56
2'2'"
LNSL5
1'-7"
R44427R 2'- 2-1/4"
R44439A 3'-4"
R44439B 3'-2-3/4"
C-0085
C-0366
10970A
2' 7"
10968A
2' 7"
4-1/2" H90 Box

4-1/2" H90 Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" H90 Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
4-1/2" IF Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
6-5/8" H90 Box
4-1/2" IF Box
6-5/8" FH Box
6-5/8" FH Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
4-1/2" IF Box
7-13/16"
8"
7-15/16"
6-1/2"
6-1/2"
8"
8"
8"
8"
2-13/16"
3"
2-13/163"
2-15/16"
2-15/16"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
2-13/16"
6-1/2"
8-1/2"
8-1/2"
2"
2-7/8"
2-7/8"
6-1/2"
6-1/2"
2"
2"
6-5/8" H90 Pin

6-5/8"REG Pin
6-5/8"H90 Pin
4-1/2" H90 Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
6-5/8"H90 Pin
6-5/8"REG Pin
6-5/8"REG Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
6-5/8"H90 PIN
6-5/8"H90 PIN
6-5/8"REG Pin
6-5/8"REG Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
4-1/2" IF Pin
Bottom Thread
Reverse Circulating Junk Basket

Serial No.
Length
Top Thread
O.D.
I.D.
R44701
R44702
4'-l"
5'-2"
4-1/2" REG Pin

6-5/8"REG Pin
7-7/8"
11"
2-1/4"
3-1/2"
I.D.
Stabing Valves
Serial No.
Length
Top Thread
0.D.
R44605
1'-5"
4-1/2"IF Box
7-3"
Serial No.
Length
Too Thread
O.D.
RD4
1'7"
Bottom Thread
4-1/2"IF Pin
Dart Valve
7-3"
I.D.
Bottom Thread
4-1/2"If Pin
Pump In Subs
Appendix B
B-42
41
Page 42 of 46
Serial No. Length
Ton Thread
RD44-3
44-52101
4-1/2" IF Box
1502
2-9"
0.D.
I.D.
Bottom Thread
1502
4-1/2" IF Pin
Note: All bit subs are bored to accommodate a Baker Float Valve.
ILLUSTRATIONS
1.
Heliport Paint Layout: Drwg.# 656-12089-84
Inner Bottom Tank Illustrations

2.
Inner Bottom Tank Layout: Drwg.# 656-12332-84
3.
Bilge Suction Piping: Drwg.# 656-12329-84
4.
Diesel Fuel Suction Piping: Drwg.# 656-12330-84
5.
Drill Water Suction and Fresh Water Suction Piping:Drwg.# 656-12328-84
6.
Preload Dumps and Equalizer Valves: Drwg.# 656-12332-84
7.
Steam Piping: Drwg.# 656-12172-84
Machinery Deck Illustrations

8.
Machinery Deck Layout: Drwg.# 656-12334-84
9.
Tank Vents and Sounding Tubes: Drwg.# 656-12340-84
10.
Inner Bottom Manhole Arrangement: Drwg.# 656-12347-84
11.
Watertight Bulkheads and Bulkhead Penetrations: Drwg.# 656-12351-84
12.
Fire Fighting, Lifesaving Equipment, and Escape Routes: Drwg.# 656-12465-84
13.
Fire Main Piping: Drwg.# 656-12345-84
14.
Halon Piping: Drwg.# 656-12342-84
15.
Emergency Lighting Layout: Drwg.# 656-12336-84
16.
Fire Retardant Bulkheads and Bulkhead Penetrations: Drwg.# 656-12335-84
17.
Hazardous Area Layout: Drwg.# 656-12337-84
Appendix B
B-43
42
Page 43 of 46
18.
Drill Water Discharge Piping: Drwg.# 656-12339-84
19.
Engine Oil Drain and Lube Oil Piping:
20.
Mud Pit and Cement Dump Piping: Drwg.# 656-12338-84
21.
High Pressure Mud and Cement Discharge Piping: Drwg.# 656-12354-84
22.
Low Pressure Mud Discharge Piping: Drwg.# 656-12348-84
23.
Low Pressure Mud Suction Piping: Drwg.# 656-12346-84
24.
Fresh and Sanitary Water Piping: Drwg.# 656-12349-84
25.
Fill Lines Piping:
26.
Raw Water Piping: Drwg.# 656-12355-84
27.
Fngine Exhaust and Mud Return Piping: Drwg.# 656-12344-84
28.
Air Service Piping: Drwg.# 656-12353-84
29.
Diesel Fuel Supply and Return Piping: Drwg.# 656-12352-84
30.
Sanitary Unit Supply and Discharge Piping: Drwg.# 656-12341-84
31.
Dirty Oil Suction and Discharge Piping: Drwg.# 656-12331-84
Drwg.# 656-12343-84
Drwg.# 656-12350-84
Main Deck Illustrations

32.
Main Deck Layout: Drwg.# 656-12163-84
Main Deck Illustrations - Continued

33.
Substructure Orientation Layout: Drwg.# 656-12365-84
34.
Emergency Lighting Layout: Drwg.# 656-12366-84
35.
Main Deck Penetrations: Drwg.# 656-12162-84
36.
Loading Plan: Maximum Allowable Loads: Drwg.# 656-12367-84
37.
Main Deck Tank Vents and Sounding Tubes: Drwg.# 656-12364-84
38.
Fire Fighting, Lifesaving Equipment, and Escape Routes: Drwg.# 656-12177-84
39.
Hazardous Area Layout: Drwg.# 656-12368-84
Appendix B
B-44
43
Page 44 of 46
40.
Helicopter Landing Approach Layout: Drwg.# 656-12363-84
41.
Overall Dimensions Layout: Drwg.# 656-12164-84
42
Quarters Layout -1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12315-84
43.
Quarters Layout - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12323-84
44.
Fire Fighting, Lifesaving Equipment, and Escape Routes - 1st and 2nd Level:
Drwg.# 656-12463-84
45.
Fire Fighting, Lifesaving Equipment, and Escape Routes - 3rd and 4th Level:
Drwg.# 656-12460-84
46.
Air Conditioning Ducting and Vent Fan Layout - 1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.
# 656-12317-84
47.
Air Conditioning Ducting and Vent Fan Layout - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.
# 656-12326-84
48.
Emergency Lighting Layout - 1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12356-84
49.
Emergency Lighting Layout - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12358-84
50.
Fire Retardant Bulkheads - 1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12316-84
51.
Fire Retardant Bulkheads - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12324-84
52.
Fire Main Piping -1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12318-84
53.
Fire Main Piping - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12327-84
54.
Fresh and Sanitary Water Piping - 1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12320-84
55.
Fresh and Sanitary Water Piping - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12322-84
56.
Sanitary Overboard Discharge Piping - 1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12321-84
57.
Sanitary Overboard discharge Piping - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12325-84
58.
Sprinkler System Piping - 1st and 2nd Level: Drwg.# 656-12543-84
59.
Sprinkler System Piping - 3rd and 4th Level: Drwg.# 656-12542-84
Miscellaneous Illustrations
60.
Outboard Profile: Drwg.# 656-12333-84
Appendix B
B-45
44
Page 45 of 46
61.
Hazardous Area Layout (Outboard Profile): Drwg.# 656-12362-84
62.
Leg Jet Piping: Drwg.# 656-12370-84
63.
Spud Tank Piping: Drwg.# 656-12369-84
64.
Leg Clamping Orientation Layout: Drwg.# 656-12536-84
65.
Leg Clamping Orientation Layout: Drwg.# 656-12536-84
66.
Public Address System: Drwg.# 656-12360-84
67.
A.B.S. Rating Curve Marathon LeToumeau PCM-350 SS Crane with

125 Foot Boom Drwg.# 656-11680-83
68.
A.B.S. Rating Curve - Marathon LeToumeau PCM-120 SS Crane with

120 Foot Boom and Aux.Hoist: Drwg.# 656-11679-83
69.
A.B.S. Rating Curve - Marathon LeTourneau PCM-120 SS Crane with

100 Foot Boom and Aux. Hoist: Drwg.# 656-11669-83
Appendix B
B-46
45
110111IIONIMMIIMMIMILIMI.0111V
U.
101~11To
S. Department of Homeland Security

Magas Coast Guard
Certificate of Sapprobat
Expires: 10 March 2009
oast Guard Approval NuMber: 159.015/7203/0
MARINE SANITATION DEVICE

CERTIFICATE OF TYPE TEST UNDER IMO RES. MEPC.2(VI)
SEVERN TRENT DENORA, LLC
1110 INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD
SUGAR LAND TX 77478
Type II, Model Omnipure 12M and 12MC, 13600 LPD capacity, for inspected vessels.
This is to certify that Omnipure 12M and 12MC, having a designed hydraulic loading of 13.6
cu. m/day, an organic loading of 7.2 kg/day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and of the
design shown on Drawing 12M-P-01 Rev. 3, 12MC-P-01 Rev. 1, and 6/8/12M-E-02 Rev. 2 has been
examined and satisfactorily tested in accordance' with the Inter-Governmental Maritime
Consultative Organization Resolution MEPC.2(VI) to meet the operational requirements
referred to in Regulation 3(1)(a)(ii) of ANNEX IV of the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution from ships, 1973.
The tests were carried out on similar equipment having a designed hydraulic loading of 13.63
cu. m/day on board KEYES OFFSHORE RIG No. 250, and completed on January 14, 1983.
The equipment produced an effluent which did not exceed 250 fecal coliform per 100 ml/MPN,
and a geometric mean of total Suspended Solids of 50 mg/l.
The control and sensor equipment were tested for shock and vibration. The geometric mean of
5 day BOD does not exceed 50 mq/1 and the equipment can operate under conditions of heel of
up to at least 15 degrees. A plate or durable label containing manufacturers name, type and
serial number, hydraulic loading and manufacture date is to be fitted to the unit. A copy of
this Certificate shall be carried on board any vessel equipped with the above described
unit. IMO Certificates of Type Approval do not expire and are valid for equipment
manufactured at any time during the period of validity of this Certificate.
END
Trim IS TO CERTIFY THAT the above named manitfacturer has submitted to the undersigned satisfactory evidence that the item specified herein complies
with the applicable laws and regulations as outlined on the reverse side of this Certificate, and approval is hereby given. This approval shall be in effect until the
expiration date hereon unless sooner canceled or suspended by proper authority.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND THIS 10e DAY OF

MARCH 2004, AT WASHINGTON D.C.
B. G. BUBAR
Chief, Engineering Division
U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Center
OEM OF 1401111LAND SICINOTY, LOCO, C0114040030
Otel. 3431ippendu B
B-47
OMNIPURETv Marine Sanitation Device
SECTION 2 MSD OVERVIEW

2.1 Introduction
OMNIPURET" MSDs oxidize and disinfect raw sewage by means of
electrochemical reaction. A mixture of finely ground, or macerated, sewage and

seawater passes between electrically charged plates. The chloride salts of the
seawater are decomposed by electrolysis to form hypochlorite, which kills
ham-iful coliform bacteria and oxidizes the organic compounds in the sewage
stream. A single pass between the plates kills nearly 100% of resident bacteria
and oxidizes between 90 and 95% of organic compounds.
The OMNIPURETm Bookcell is the heart of the unit. In this manual, we will
typically refer to the bookcell, simply as the "cell". Within the cell are a set of
electrode plates. A slurry of seawater and sewage enters at the bottom of the
cell and flows between the plates. Moderate voltage. high amperage direct
current induces a complex chain of reactions that cause water and salt
molecules to separate and recombine into sodium hypochlorite. Input current to
the cell is fixed for each model. The amperage regulates the concentration of
sodium hypochlorite. The process also releases hydrogen gas. which is

removed at the effluent tank V-2.
2.2 General Description
Figure 2-1 illustrates a typical OMNIPURETm MSD skid-mounted treatment unit.
Engineering Drawings in section 10 of this manual provide specific construction
dimensions, details and bills of materials for the purchased equipment.
Figure 5.1 is a schematic flow diagram for a typical OMNIPURETN, unit, showing
the same components as in Figure 2-1 as well as optional equipment.
Sewage (black water) and, optionally, waste from other sources, such as galley
and shower drains (gray water), are collected from various locations in the
vesseUplatform and deposited into the surge tank V-1.
D-0025, Rev. 3
Appendix- B
Exceltec International Corporation
2-1
B-48
OMNIPURE-', Marine Sanitation Device
Seawater enters the unit downstream of the macerator pump through a seawater
Strainer and a seawater flew controller, which automatically limits flow rates to a
predetermined value that varies with MSD model.
The macerator pump takes suction from tank V-1 and grinds the sewage into a
slurry. The slurry blends with the incoming seawater and moves through the cell.
Part of the flow returns to V-1 through an orifice plate, an arrangement that
regulates the flow rate through the cell and subjects sewage to multiple passes
through the macerator. The size of the orifice is calibrated at the factory to
match cell flow rate requirements.
NOTE: Process modules CANNOT be factory calibrated. They are not
manufactured with tanks so the flow rate MUST be field set at the time
of start-up.
Treated sewage leaves the cell and enters effluent tank V-2 through the
"downcomer" pipe, which acts as a flow stabilizer to encourage degasification.
The treatment process continues in the V-2 tank.
Hydrogen and other gases released during electrolysis are vented to the
atmosphere. Positive ventilation is normally provided by an ejector working from
vesseUplatform air. An electricaliy powered blower is available as an option.
In the "Auto" mode of operation, the MSD switches on and off in response to the
level of fluid in Surge Tank V-1. Fluid levels are sensed by either the float-type
switches illustrated, or by an optional pneumatic system.
In addition to the options mentioned above, the customer may purchase an
overboard discharge pump for use where gravity discharge is not feasible. If
access to salt water is not possible, a brine-making system option is also
available.
D-0025. Rev. 3
Appendix B
2-2
B-49
S OMNIPURE" Process Diagram

Posen* Vent
Atin=lvenc vent
Ar FizeztFeci.Aazar
Irrcrse,;,
S.c4
Seawater
&-wly
Wastewa-..):
E)::-c). a:ef
:NC)
Overtoard
Bypass Line
pass lain :NC
ScLne 1st:sr.,
Valve (NO)
!-itch Leve
AL3rnt Swcc
Overboard
H:gn Level
(Start) Swncr
Effluent
Tank (V-2)
Low c
(Stop : SwItc:
z5.)..irge2..
"Downcomber
lot Decassflicatn
.
\I
:1 ficn-Pettrr. !
\t
Valve
i
f
i
Woerator
,' `,....-1.2tact VaNe iNO)
1
Purrs
::
Eaddi.sn.
attar Vases Ocfse Ptate'Retan Valve 040:
(NO)
Drain NO)
Drain INC:
1".4.,
. -, SW
*_.." . 'C--'7.6-
N,
.m45'*
Appendix B
jalet
-
, -0;115%,:_ ,, . -:
WEGHgtnietnatismarearporation
1140 icausalai stxdougiaSugar-La. Texas 77478 Teem" ham:M*240-6770 Fax (713) 24Q-43762
E MAIL httpA\www.sanaec=rr,
SMOJEC eV OSA' age megalearee tOCIenlislcs d ELTECI, Sea Comow
B-50
0/1TECHleteleseamei CONIXAMMeet lovelC5A %SO
OMNIPURE Marine Sanitanon Device
2.3 Design Specifications

The OMNIPURETm MSD is available in several standard models to accommodate
varying load requirements. The following tables list the design specifications for
each model. The customer should refer to the appropriate columns for the
purchased model.
0-0025. Rev. 3
Appendix B
2-4
B 5I
OMNIPURErm Marine Sanitation Device
OMNIPURE Design Specifications

Table 2-1 Treatment Capacities
MODELS
6MC
Personnel complement
Black water only
Black & Gray water
Treatment Ratings(MAX)
Treatment volume
(L/day)
(G/day)
25
12
3000
800
7ME
40
I 16
4500
1200
8MC
60
25
I
I
7000
1800
BOD Loading
(kg/day)
1.62
2.4
3.6
Average Flow Rate
(Limin)
(G/min)
2
0.56
3.13
0.83
4.75
1.25
112MC
112MX
120
50
250
110
I 14.000
3600
,
15MX
500
225
28.000 I 56.000
7500
15.000
7.2
15
9.5
2.5
5.21
39.4
10 42
1 2MX
15MX
2616
103
3607
140
19.7
30
'
Table 2-2 Skid Dimensions and Weights
MODELS
8MC
1 2MC
1676
66
2210
87
2299
91
1690
67
1626
64
1727
68
1778
70
2260
89
2440
96
(mm)
(inch)
711
28
787
31
711
28
711
28
1219
48
1372
52
(KG)
(LBS)
654
1441
794
1750
896
1973
992
2185
1455
3200
3000
6600
Operating(wet) Weight (KG)

(LBS)
994
2191
1488
3280
1634
3600
2244
4943
2909
6400
7000
15400
(liter)
(gallon)
227
60
340
90
568
150
643
170
1476
390
2945
778
(liter)
(gallon)
114
30
227
60
284
75
454
120
1170
309
2271
600
6MC
7ME
(mm)
(inch)
1600
63
Height
(mm)
(inch)
Width
Dimensions
Length
Weights and Volumes

Dry Weight
V-1 Volume
V-2 Volume
D-0025. Rev. 3
Appendix B
Excettac International Corporation
I
I
2-5
B-52
OMNIPURE"' Marine Sanitation Device
OMNIPURE Design Specifications

Table 2-3 Connections
MODELS
7ME I 8MC
6MC
Utility Requirements
Power
(KVA)
3.7
3.7
Seawater
(I.Jmin)
(G/min)
2
0.5
4
1
AIR @ 0.4 bar

6 psi
(M3/min)
(ACFM)
0.28
1
(mm)
(inches)
100
4
I
I
(mm)
(inches)
195
.75
Customer Piping
Connections
Sewage Inlet
Overboard pump
discharge.
Atmospheric vent lines (mm)

(inches)
Ejector/blower lines
Salt water supply line
3.7
12MC
12MX
5.5
7.2
15MX
!
12.0
6
1.5
10
2.5
20
5
38
10
0.28
1
0.28
0.28
1
0.28
1
0.28
100
4
100
4
100
4
100
4
100
4
19
.75
19
.75
19
.75
50
2
50
2
50
2
50
2
50
2
2 I 50
2
50
2
50
2
50
2
50
2
13
0.5
13
0.5
19
0.75
25
50
2
(mm)
(inches)
'
(mm)
(inches)
13
0.5
I
I
1
!
13
0.5
19
.75
19
.75
STANDARD MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

Vessel/platform set construction: ASTM rated carbon steel
Internal tank coating on models 6MC, 8MC, 12MC, 12MX and 15MX
Macerator: Naval bronze body w/ SS cutters
Piping: SCH 80 PVC
Electrical Enclosure: NEMA 4X
D-0025, Rev. 3
Appendix B
Exeeltin International Corporation
26
B-.5 3
OMNIPIJRE ,v Marine Sanitation Device
Lift Station Coordination packages

Ambient Temperature Limits: 0C to 50C
Electrical components: USCG 46 CFR 110 & NEC rated
Cabling: Marine Armored cable
Positive venting with air ejector/regulator assembly

Rotating equipment: IEEE45, TEFC & Class F insulated
OPTIONAL FEATURES
Class 1, Division 2 electrical configurations for hazardous environments
Briner Systems for operating in brackish or fresh waters
Shock & Vibration mounts for military applications
Instrument panel monitors
Positive venting with blower
Sodium sulfite injection systems for removal of the chlorine residual in
effluent discharge
For high ambient temperature conditions between 40C and 50 - consult
factory for special modifications
D-0025. Rev. 3
Appendix B
2-7
8-54
123
Attachment 2:
Analytical Results for Produced Water
018 Casuarina Avenue

Pointe-a-Pierre
Trinidad WI
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax868 658-0059 ext 37
IC Kaizen Lab
Anosyticre Division of Vazkuni Enrionenenkol Services Istc.(rnnidod)
ANALYTICAL DATA REPORT
Client Company:
EOG Resources Trinidad Limited
Date Received:
Feb 20 2013
Client Contact
Mr. Neil Persad
Date Reported:
Mar 01 2013
Client Project
12-124
Sample ID:
409620-1, Oilbird Produced Water
Date Sampled:
Feb 20, 2013
Lab File #:
Package Name: Produced Water (Monthly)

Parameter Name
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Units
mg/L
mg/L
38.9
mg/L
11.8
pH @ 25 C
Results
877
6.59
Degrees Celsius
30.6
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
mg/L
2795
Total Phenol
mg/L
12.120
Sulphide (H2S)
mg/L
<0.01
Temperature
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH and temp performed ex-situ Large dilutions were applied for the
Phenol determinations. All methods employed are suited for specified levels of analyte in water/wastewater. The
results in this test report relate only to the items tested.
Test Methodologies':
BOD: SMEVVVV 5210B
COD (water): SMEWVV 5220D
pH (water): Based on APHA 4500-H+B
Sulphide (water): Based on APHA 4500- S2- Methylene Blue Method, HACH no 8131
Temperature (water): Based on Laboratory & Field Method APHA 25508
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (water): Based on Partition, Gravimetric USEPA 1664, APHA 5520B
Total Phenol (water): SMEVVW 5530 B, C
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEWW 25400
QA/QC Reviewed By:

*Detailed test methodologies and C/AJOC data available upon request .
Page 1 of 1
409520
*18 Casuarina Avenue

Pointe-S-Pierre
Trinidad 1A/1
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
ICKaizen Lab
Anolyrical Division of Kaden Environmental Services loc./Din:dad)

Client Company:
Data Received:
Feb 20 2013
Client Contact
Mr. Neil Parsed
Data Reported:
Mar 01 2013
Client Project rk
12-124
Sample ID:
409521-1, Oilbird Grey Water
Date Sampled:
Feb 20, 2013
Lab File ft
Package Name: Grey Water (Monthly)

Parameter Name
Units
pH @ 25 C
Results
8.34
Temperature
Degrees Celcius
29.1
mg/L
<0.06
Ammonocal Nitrogen
mg/L
<0.04
mg/L
<6.69
mg/L
13.7
mg P/L
<0.11
mg/L
<2.24
Parameter Name
Units
Results
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOO)
mg/L
<6.0
mg/L
1.10
mg/L
9.70
MPN/100m1
>1600
Residual Chlorine
Total phosphorus (P)

Oil and Grease
Sample ID:
409521-2, Oilbird Black Water
Date Sampled:
Feb 20, 2013
Package Name: Black Water (Monthly)
pH @ 25 C
8.12
Residual Chlorine
Faecal Coliform (MPN mtd)
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH, temp and Res Cl performed ex-situ. Dissolved Oxygen
under-depleted in the BOD test for sample #409521-1 so a qualitative assessment was made. The results in this
test report relate only to the items tested.
Test Methodologies:
Ammonia (water): SMEVVVV 4500-NH3-B Hach no. 8038
BOD: SMEWVV 52108
Fecal Coliforms (water) Based on APHA 9221E
Oil and Grease (water): Based on APHA 55206, USEPA 1664
Residual Chlorine (water): Based on OPD Colorimetric Method, APHA 4500 CI G
Temperature (water). Based on Laboratory 8 Field Method APHA 2550B
Total Phosphorus (water): SMEWW 4500-P B, E
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEWVV 25400
QA/QC Reviewed By:
'Detailed test methodologies and QA/QC data available upon request.

Page 1 of 1
409521
#18 Casuarina Avenue

Poin-A-Pierre
IC Kaizen Lab
Trinidad 1M
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax868 658-0059 ext 37
Artatifiiccd Division of igen Environmental Services inc.:7riniciad)

Client Company:
Date Received:
Jan 23 2013
Client Contact
Mr. Neil Persad
Date Reported:
Feb 18 2013
Client Project #:
12-124
Sample ID:
Date Sampled:
Jan 23, 2013
Lab File #:

Parameter Name
Results
Units
mg/L
mg/L
42.2
mg/L
25.7
1686
7.04
pH @ 25 C
Degrees Celcius
16.4
mg/L
4.405
Total Phenol
mg/L
63.000
Sulphide (H2S)
mg/L
<0.01
Temperature
Continents:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH and temp performed ex-situ. Large dilutions were applied for the
Test Methodologies*:
BOO: SMEVVVV 5210B
COD (water): SMEVVW 5220D
Temperature (water): Based on Laboratory & Field Method APHA 2550B
Total Phenol (water): SMEWVV 5530 B, C
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEVVW 2540D
QA/QC Reviewed By:
'Detailed test methodologies and QA/OC data available upon request

Page 1 of 1
409343

Pointe-a-Pierre
Trinidad W
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
IC Kaizen Lab
Analytical Cohrisina of gaizen Enviannienlal Services Inc.jriinod)
Client Company:
Date Received:
Jan 23 2013
Client Contact
Mr. Neil Persad
Date Reported:
Feb 18 2013
Client Project #:
12-124
Sample ID:
409342-1, Oilbird Black Water
Date Sampled:
Jan 23, 2013
Lab File #:

Parameter Name
Units
mg/L
mg/L
pH @ 25 C
Date Sampled:
Jan 23, 2013
60.0
7.64
Residual Chlorine
Sample ID:
Results
218
mg/L
<0.06
MPN/100m1
>1600
Units
Results
Degrees Celcius
16.5

Parameter Name
9.27
pH @ 25 'C
Temperature
Residual Chlorine
mg/L
<0.06
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/L
<0.04
mg/L
42.6
mg/L
17.8
mg P/L
0.30
mg/L
13.1

Oil and Grease
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH, temp and Res CI performed ex-situ. The results in this test report
relate only to the items tested. This test report shall not be reproduced except in full, without written approval of
the laboratory.
Ammonia (water): SMEVVW 4500-NH3-B Had no. 8038
BOO: SMEVWV 52108
Fecal Coliforms (water): Based on APHA 9221E
Oil and Grease (water) Based on APHA 5520B, USEPA 1664
pH (water): Based on APHA 4500-H.B
Residual Chlonne (water): Based on DPD C,olorimetric Method, APHA 4500 CI G
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEWW 2540D
QA/QC Reviewed By:

Page 1 of 1
409342

Pointe-a-Pierre
Trinidad W
Tel: 868 658-0095
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
IC Kaizen Lab
Anotytical Division of tois.en Environsnerdol SfrViCIPS I. rflnid d)

Client Company:
Date Received:
Dec 21 2012
Client Contact
Mr. Anslem Spears
Date Reported:
Jan 11 2013
Client Project it:
12-124
Sample ID:
409103-1, Oilbird PW
Date Sampled:
sots.'"".
Lab File it:
c 1:11, 2c);2-

Parameter Name
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (130D)
Units
mg/L
Results
1374
mg/L
54.2
mg/L
19.3
6.48
pH @ 25 `C
Degrees Celcius
31 6
mg/L
3005
Total Phenol
mg/L
31.200
Sulphide (H2S)
mg/L
<0.01
Temperature
Comments:
BOD: SMEVVW 52108
COD (water): SMEVVW 52200
pH (water): Based on APHA 4500-H+8
Total Phenol (water): SMEVVW 5530 B, C
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEVVVV 25400
QA/QC Reviewed By:
'Detailed test methodologies and QA/C1C data available upon request

Page 1 of 1
409103

Pointe-3-Pierre
Trinidad W
IC Kaizen Lab
Tel: 868 658-0085

Fax
658-0059 ext 37
Anolyikol Division of Konen Emionsnerikil Services Inc:(trin:dad)
Client Company:
Date Received:
Dec 21 2012
Client Contact
Mr. Ansiem Spears
Date Reported:
Jan 11 2013
Client Project d:
12-124
Sample ID:
409104-1, Oilbircl BW
Date Sampled:
Dec 21, 2012
Lab File St:
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (80D)
Units
mg/L
Results
45.0
mg/L
65.2
mg/L
<0.06
MPN/100m1
>1600
Units
Results
Parameter Name
7.01
pH @ 25 C
Residual Chlorine
Sample ID:
409104-2, Oilbird GW
Date Sampled:
Dec 21, 2012

Parameter Name
7.84
pH @ 25 C
Degrees Celsius
27.8
Residual Chlorine
mg/L
<0.06
Temperature
Ammonacal Nitrogen
mg/L
0.10
mg/L
40.2
mg/L
125
mg P/L
0.28
mg/L
<2.24

Oil and Grease
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH, temp and Res Cl performed ex-situ. The results in this test report
the laboratory.
Test Methodologies:
Ammonia (water): SMEWVV 4500-N113-8 Hach no. 8038
BOD: SMEVVVV 52108
Fecal Coliforrns (water): Based on APHA 9221E
Oil and Grease (water). Based on APHA 5520B, USEPA 1864
pH (water): Based on APHA 4500-14*B
Residual Chlorine (water): Based on DPD Colorimetric Method, APHA 4500 CI G
Temperature (water)' Based on Laboratory & Field Method APHA 25508
Total Phosphorus (water): SMEVVVV 4500-P B, E
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEWW 25400
QA/QC Reviewed By:

Page 1 of 1
409104

Pointe-a-Pierre
Trinidad 1M
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
IC Kaizen Lab
anoly6col Division of admen Environmenkd Sersices Isc.grimdad)
Client Company:
Date Received:
Nov 23 2012
Client Contact
Mr. Anslem Spears
Date Reported:
Dec 12 2012
Client Project #:
12-124
Sample ID:
Date Sampled:
Nov 23, 2012
Lab File #:

Parameter Name
Units
mg/L
mg/L
Results
1670
75.5
mg/L
30.6
Degrees Celcius
6.56
35.0
p4-1 25 C
Temperature
Total Phenol
mg/L
mg/L
Sulphide (H2S)
mg/L
3565
21.900
<0.01
Comments:
BOD: SMEVVVV 52108
COD (water): SMEW.N 5220D
Temperature (water): Based on Laboratory 8 Field Method APHA 2550B
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (water): Based on Partition, Gravimebic USEPA 1664, APHA 5520B
Total Phenol (water): SMEWW 5530 B, C
QA/QC Reviewed By:

'Detailed test methodologies and CA/QC data available upon request .
Page 1 of 1
408860

Pointe-a-Pierre
IC Kaizen Lab
Trinidad WI
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
Analytical Division of Ilailon Environmental Services lee.cliindadt

Client Company:
Date Received:
Nov 23 2012
Client Contact
Mr. Anslem Spears
Date Reported:
Dec 12 2012
Client Project #:
12-124
Sample ID:
Date Sampled:
Nov 23, 2012
Lab File #:

Parameter Name
Units
pH @ 25 C
Results
7.93
Temperature
Degrees Celcius
29.4
Residual Chlorine
mg/L
<0.06
<0.04
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/L
mg/L
59.8
mg/L
23.7
mg P/L
0.17
mg/L
<2.24
Parameter Name
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (SOD)
Units
Results
55.8
mg/L
Oil and Grease

Sample ID:
408861-2, Oilbird BW
Data Sampled:
Nov 23, 2012
mg/L
pH l 25 C
Residual Chlorine
119
3.25
mg/L
<0.06
MPN/100m1
>1600
Comments:
Due to
time constraints on the platform pH, temp and Res Cl performed ex-situ. The results in this test report
the laboratory.
Ammonia (water): SMEVVVV 4500-NH3-8 Hach no. 8038

BOD: SMEWW 52108
Fecal Coliforms (water): Based on APHA 9221E
Oil and Grease (water): Based on APHA 55208, USEPA 1664
Residual Chlorine (water): Based on DPD Colorimetic Method, APHA 4500 CI G
Temperature (water): Based on Laboratory 8 Field Method APHA 2550B
Total Phosphorus (water): SMEWW 4500-P B. E
CIA/QC Reviewed By:
'Detailed test methodologies and QA/QC data available upon request

Page 1 of 1
408861
#18 Casuanna Avenue

Pointe-3-Pierre
Trinidad WI
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
IC Kaizen Lab
Arso/ylieof Division of town Env'eencnene:d Services
lec.(:riniclad)
Client Company:
Date Received:
Oct 24 2012
Client Contact
Ivan Salick
Date Reported:
Nov 06 2012
Client Project it:
10-1033
Sample ID:
Date Sampled:
Oct 24, 2012
Lab File it:

Parameter Name
Units
mg/L
Results
1732
mg/L
48.1
mg/L
16.6
pH 25 C
6.69
Degrees Celcius
34.5
mg/L
3950
Total Phenol
mg/L
32.650
Sulphide (H2S)
mg/L
<0.01
Temperature
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH and temp performed ex-situ. The results in this test report relate only
to the items tested. This test report shall not be reproduced except in full, without written approval of the
laboratory.
BOO: SMEWW 52108
COD (water): SMEVVVV 52200
pH (water): Based on APHA 4500-H*B
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (water): Based on Partition, Gravimetric USEPA 1664. APHA 5520B
Total Phenol (water): SMEVVVV 5530 B, C
QA/QC Reviewed By:
*Detailed test methodologies and QA/QC data available upon request.

Page 1 of 1
408606

Pointe-a-Pierre
Trinidad WI
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
IC Kaizen Lab
Anolyiicol Division of gOiTNIEnvironrnerdol Services loc.(friredod)
Client Company:
Date Received:
Oct 24 2012
Client Contact
Ivan Salick
Date Reported:
Nov 06 2012
Client Project #:
10-1033
Sample ID:
408607-1, Oi!bird Black Water
Date Sampled:
Oct 24, 2012
Lab File ft

Parameter Name
Units
mg/L
mg/L
pH
25 C
Faecal Conform (MPN mtd)

Sample ID:

Oct 24, 2012
220
8.11
Residual Chlorine
Date Sampled:
Results
69.4
mg/L
29.3
MPN/100m1
>1600
Units
Results

Parameter Name
8.12
pH @ 25 'C
Degrees Celcius
29.2
Residual Chlorine
mg/L
<0.06
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/L
0.86
mg/L
81.3
mg/L
39.8
mg P/L
0.74
mg/L
20.9
Temperature

Oil and Gmnis
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH, temp and Res Cl performed ex-situ. The results in this test report
the laboratory.
Ammonia (water): SMEWVV4500-NH3-B Hach no. 8038
BOD: SMEVVVV 52108
Fecal Conforms (water): Based on APHA 9221E
Oil and Grease (water): Based on APHA 5520B, USEPA 1664
Residual Chlorine (water): Based on DPI) C,olorimetric Method, APHA 4500 CI G
QA/QC Reviewed By:

Page 1 of 1
408607
#18 Casuanna Avenue

Pointe-a-Pierre
IC Kaizen Lab
Trinidad W
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
Analytical Division of Vixen Environmental Services lisc4Trinicktd)
Client Company:
Date Received:
Sep 21 2012
Client Contact
Ivan Salick
Date Reported:
Oct 05 2012
Client Project*.
10-1033
Sample ID:
Date Sampled:
Sep 21, 2012
Lab File #:

Parameter Name
Units
mg/L
mg/L
20.5
mg/L
7.50
Results
762
6.67
pH @ 25 C
Degrees Celcius
25.7
mg/L
2565
Total Phenol
mg/L
28.800
Sulphide (I-12S)
mg/L
<0.01
Temperature
Comments:
BOD: SMENNW 52108
COD (water): SMEWW 5220D
pH (water): Based on APHA 4500-14-1-B
Total Phenol (water): SMEVVVV 5530 B, C
Total Suspended Solids (water): SMEVWV 25400
QA/QC Reviewed By:

'Detailed test riled iodologies and QA/QC data available upon request.
Page 1 of 1
4011363

Pointe-a-Pierre
Trinidad W
Tel: 868 658-0085
Fax:868 658-0059 ext 37
ICKaizen Lab
Ancolylkol Oirisloa of kaixon Erreironmeedal Services lAc
Client Company:
Date Received:
Sep 21 2012
Client Contact
Ivan Salick
Date Reported:
Oct 05 2012
Client Project it
10-1033
Sample ID:
408364-1, Oilbird BW
Date Sampled:
Sep 21, 2012
Lab File #:

Parameter Name
Units
Results
mg/L
42.6
mg/L
pH @ 25 C
Residual Chlorine
Sample ID:
Date Sampled:
Sep 21, 2012
26.0
8.29
<0.06
m011MPN/100m1
>1600
Units
Results

Parameter Name
pH 25 C
7.62
Temperature
Residual Chlorine
Degrees Celaus
25.7
mg/L
<0.06
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/L
0.12
mg/L
<20.0
mg/L
7.50

Oil and GrPaes.
mg P/L
0.45
mg/L
<2.24
Comments:
Due to time constraints on the platform pH, temp and Res CI performed ex-situ. Dissolved Oxygen
under-depleted in the BOD test for sample #408364-2 so a qualitative assessment was made. The results in this
test report relate only to the items tested.
Ammonia (water): SMEVVW 4500-NH3-B Hach no. 8038
BOD: SMEWW 5210B
Fecal Coliforrns (water): Based on APHA 9221E
Oil and Grease (water) Based on APHA 55206, USEPA 1664
pH (water) Based on APHA 4500-H+B
Residual Chlorine (water): Based on DPD Colorimetric Method, APHA 4500 CI G
Temperature (water). Based on Laboratory & Field Method APHA 2550B
QA/QC Reviewed By:
*Detailed test methodologies and QA/QC data available upon request

Page 1 of 1
408364
124
Attachment 3:
Oil Spill and Drilling Muds and Cuttings Discharge Modeling
Appendix G
Applied Science Associates Oil Spill and Drilling Muds
and Cuttings Discharge Modeling
Appendix G
G-1
FINAL Report
IA
asa
...a, ...-.-.. ,.ties
55 Village Square Drive

South Kingstown, RI 02879
Phone: +1 401 789-6224
Fax: +1 401 789-1932
vrww.asascience.com
Oil Spill and Drilling Mud and

Cuttings Discharge Modeling,
Trinidad
AUTHOR(S):
M. Regina F. Guimaraes, Erika N. Tominaga,

Mauricio P. Lammardo
PIA
as a
South America
Project Manager Reviewer : Eric Comerma
Final
PROJECT NUMBER:
Ver.:
ASA 08-287
DATE: Feb. 2009
.,2.--ze se-vcc ow:-:.
Rua Fidalga, 711 Vila Madalena

Sao Paulo, SP
05432-070 Brasil
Fone: +55 11 3444-3748
www.asascience.com.br
CLIENT:
Carlyle Kalloo, CSA International Inc., Trinidad
-3ppenda G
G-2
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
1. Introduction and Scope of Work
2. Location and Model Setup
2.1. Study Location
2.2. General Overview of the Main Dynamics in the Area
2.3. Wind Data Input
10
2.4. Generation of Current Field Input Data
12
3. Drill Cuttings and Mud Discharge Simulations
16
3.1. Drilling Discharge Scenarios
16
3.2. Mud and Drill Cuttings Simulation Results
19
3.2.1. Predicted Water Column Concentration
19
3.2.2. Predicted Seabed Thickness Depositions
23
25
4. Surface Oil Spill Simulations

4.1. Surface Release Scenarios
25
4.2. Oil Characterization
25
4.3. Stochastic Model Predictions
26
4.4. Worst-case Model Predictions
31
5. Conclusions
37
6. References
39
Appendix A: MUDMAP Model Description
40
Appendix B: OILMAP Modeling System Description
42
(7.\asa
Applied Science Associates
Appendix G
G-3
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
List of Figures
Figure 1. Area of study, showing the Pelican well, bathymetric contours, and local geographic points
of reference offshore Trinidad
5
Figure 2. Seasonal wind Climatology based on NCEP data
6
Figure 3. Seasonal wind velocity based on NCEP Climatology data over Trinidad region
7
Figure 4. Annual climatology of the stage height (line) at the mouth of Orinoco's River and the
precipitation (bars) in the region. (http://www.grdc.srunh.edu/index.html)
7
Figure 5. Seasonal current superficial pattern in the area (left, Boreal Winter Right, Boreal
Summer). http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/atlantic/guiana.html.
8
Figure 6. Cotidal Map for M2, shaded amplitude (cm) and phase in lines.
8
Figure 7. Temperature and Salinity fields for boreal winter/dry season.
9
Figure 8. Temperature and Salinity fields for boreal summer/wet season
9
Figure 9. Stick plots of daily averaged NCEP wind data at Pelican.
10
Figure 10. Directional Histograms of the NCEP wind vectors at Pelican, in winter (upper panel) and
summer (lower panel), 2006.
11
Figure 11. Discrete bathymetry and hydrodynamics domain in the study area.
12
Figure 12. DRY - Snapshot of the current pattern in the area of interest during February: a) surface
current field, b) depth-averaged current field
13
Figure 13. WET - Snapshot of the current pattern in the area of interest during August: a) surface
current field, b) depth-averaged current field
14
Figure 14. Stick plots of simulated currents (each 1 h) in September, near the well site at several
vertical layers.
15
Figure 15. Predicted maximum water column concentrations from mud discharge during section 2
(26" drilling section).
20
Figure 16. Predicted maximum water column concentrations from mud discharge during stage 3 (20"
drilling section).
20
Figure 17. Predicted maximum water column concentrations from mud discharge during stage 4
(14.75" drilling section).
21
Figure 20. Cumulative predicted thickness contours for drill cutting and mud deposition on the seabed
during wet season
23
List of Tables
Table 1. Scenario specifications for drill cutting and mud discharge scenarios
16
Table 2. Water based mud cuttings (WBM) grain size distribution (adapted from Dames & Moore,
1978 apud Brandsma & Smith, 1999). Settling velocities were calculated according to Watson
17
(1969)
Table 3. Oil based mud cuttings (SOBM) grain size distribution (adapted from Brandsma, 1993 apud
Brandsma & Smith, 1999). Settling velocities were calculated according to Watson (1969).
18
Table 4. Mud grain size distribution (ASA SOUTH AMERICA data base) and settling velocities
18
(calculated according to Watson, 1969).
23
Table 5. Area extents of the designated thickness
asa
Appendix G
G-4
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Executive Summary
CSA International, Inc. (CSA) contracted with Applied Science Associates, Inc.
(ASA) to perform the impact assessment of drilling mud and cuttings discharges and
potential diesel and condensate spills modeling from the Pelican offshore platform
off Trinidad, Caribbean Sea.
The area is dominated by the northwestward flux along the shelf break (here called
Guyana Current). Two distinguishing seasons can be observed - a wet season
ranging typically from June to November/December, with prevailing weaker easterly
winds, higher precipitation and a more intense river discharge; and a dry season
ranging typically from January to April, with prevailing stronger northeasterly winds,
a lower river discharge and precipitation.
The characterization of the circulation patterns in the region was determined by a 3D
baroclinic terrain following numerical model, which used 3D density fields from a
basin scale climatological model as initial conditions. At the surface, it was forced
with the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA NCAR/NCEP Reanalysis Wind datasets, tidal harmonics at the boundaries and the
Orinoco River's climatological run off. The results indicate stronger surface currents
during the dry season than during the wet season. For modeling purposes, the dry
and the wet season have been defined as the periods between February to April and
August to October, respectively.
The results of the mud/cuttings discharge simulations show that the main seabed
deposition patterns are extended towards the north-east sector from the discharge
site following the dominant current patterns in the area, with a maximum
accumulated thickness the order of 71 mm and a maximum covered area of some
0.08 km2 (where deposition is greater than 1mm).
The results of the oil spill simulations depict the main forcing agents in the water
surface; the footprint of water oiling is oriented towards W NW, associated with
prevailing winds and currents in the area. The oil spill scenarios showed major
shoreline impacts for the diesel scenarios and small impacts for the condensate
spills. It is important to note that the simulations did not take into account any
emergency response activity.
Even though stochastic results show that the probabilistic affected oiled water
surface area is significant, deterministic worst-case results show that the effect of
the potential spills is minimized as a large percentage of condensate and diesel is
evaporated or entrained in the first 24-48 hours after the spill.
rt
o- asa
Appendix G
G-5
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
1. Introduction and Scope of Work

CSA International, Inc. (CSA) contracted with Applied Science Associates, Inc.
(ASA) to perform the impact assessment of several operational and potential
pollutants from the Pelican Well, offshore Trinidad, Caribbean Sea.
ASA has been requested to undertake the following numerical model simulations:
Dispersion of the drilling discharges from Pelican Well, in order to estimate

the actual seabed deposition of the bulk material and maximum water column
concentration.
Dispersion of potential surface condensate and diesel spills from the offshore
well. The condensate scenarios were built to simulate a surface spill related
to a blowout release.
Several modeling scenarios have been defined to reproduce different wind and
current conditions encountered in the study area, as well to consider different
discharge conditions for each modeling task.
The following model input data have been provided:
A meteorological and oceanographic description of the area of interest.
In addition, ASA performed the following tasks prior to initiation of the requested
simulations:
A climatologic analysis of the meteorological and oceanographic conditions
A characterization of the mud and cuttings discharges (volume, size distribution)
A numerical 3D simulation of the major circulation features of the receiving
water body.
The following models have been applied: A hydrodynamic model to simulate the 3D
current fields, ASA's MUDMAP modeling system (Appendix A) to simulate the
dispersion of mud and drill cuttings discharges and ASA's OILMAP (Appendix B) to
simulate potential surface condensate and diesel spill from the well.
The input data model setup is described in Section 2, detailing the study location,
and the characterization of modeling scenarios. The results of the simulations are
listed in Sections 3 and 4. Conclusions are located in Section 5, and References in
Section 6.
4
Appendix G
G-6
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
2. Location and Model Setup

2.1. Study Location
The area of study is located in the East Coastal Marine Area (ECMA), approximately
40 km southeast of Trinidad and 123 km to the south of Tobago.
This modeling study addresses different operational discharges and potential
pollutant spills from the Pelican well (1001'43.30"N, 6038'53.98"W), showed in
Figure 1, in a water depth range of 70-80m.
Figure 1. Area
of study, showing the Pelican well, bathymetric contours, and local

geographic points of reference offshore Trinidad.
2.2. General Overview of the Main Dynamics in the Area

Trinidad is located within the belt of strong prevailing easterly winds from tropical
latitudes. The North East Trade winds dominate the wind system in this area for
most of the year. Figure 2 shows wind climatology based on the NCEP atmospheric
reanalysis model from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA).
5
Appendix G
aSa
G-7
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Winter (Jan - Mar)

I
.--ies--1.'
---
IerWerrle
Ar'elele'r."e'r:-,
.L-i--;e1/
oorit''.
...
"
Wl-:r-fre-'1
'
.r''
..
Ir''' a". a''. ,..W.rWr
rz--1-1-;-..--;/
-:.-T3014/ o' erele::ri'W
s--S-r-k-i-irie:riele'. r!41 ' 44r54/.e'lerr:rTele511/ ,A-S-:-Ter!r
..1-4-2fr:/.e're'
ri'''''
:*4--'
4,*4-'. ..1,1<eii/AW
-Y"
.-24err*.
--!
':e1""^:r
deier!,
.--ZeWArleleTe'rir'' 00fr-S/aVg'
,..w.Woer-.-----ro
--W/Wr'e'ri'ile'.:2.-.
ele
jo.er
.+-
6..pJ"
...*....
- 1:7TiesA/
/ /Z."!
7VW
at
66 W
LONCITUOC
Summer (Jul - Sep)

I
\ .4
. ^:,av
.\\\
PM.
12
76-Nr
Figure 2.
7W
61,6
62,6'
5VW
LONGRUDE
916
60,V
Seasonal wind Climatology based on NCEP data
During Boreal winter, Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) moves southward,

characterizing a dry season at Trinidad, with prevailing Northeasterly winds. When
ITCZ moves northward, the rainy season predominates, with predominant Easterly
winds. Despite the seasonal differences in direction, there is also a seasonal
variation in the wind velocity, with winds weaker during summer / wet season and
more intense during winter / dry season, as presented in Figure 3.
asa
Appendix G
G-8
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Moal NCEP wind velocity climatology
65
55.
6.
4'
Jen Fab lair Pee
Figure 3.
may
Seasonal wind velocity based on NCEP Climatology data over Trinidad region.
This seasonal pattern can also be observed in the average river discharge. Figure 4
shows the Orinoco River's annual climatology stage height and precipitation. The dry
season is clearly depicted between February to April, meanwhile wet season ranges
from June to November/December. Figure 3 displays a slight decrease in wind
speed during the designated summer season. Therefore the wind patterns confirm
this specification of seasonality.
350
12
250
8
200
at 6
150
Cf5
Precipitation (mm) - bars
300
10
100
2
50
J ASONDJ FMAMJJAS
Month
Figure 4. Annual climatology of the stage height (line) at the mouth of Orinoco's River and
the precipitation (bars) in the region. (http://www.grdc.sr.unh.edu/index.html)
asa
Appendix G
G-9
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
The predominant ocean circulation around Trinidad throughout the year is the
Guyana Current, shown in Figure 5. This flux has a strong termohaline signature
connected with the basin scale circulation and it is locally sustained northwestward
along the coast of Guyana towards Trinidad by easterly trade winds. The on shelf
Guyana Current branch is divided when entering the Caribbean Sea through the
Dragon's Mouth via Gulf of Paria, the Galleons Passage (between Trinidad and
Tobago), and the Grenada Passage (between Tobago and Grenada). Circulation
and transport patterns are typically northwards in the east of Trinidad and westwards
in the north of Trinidad.
'VW
MIN
SPIV
pr.
*".-.
-7-, ''.4.:7-."--"---7.-
-----= ---- - ------ - -..
'''.' .."'"4.- ."-: N. `..`-'---
------
...
......._.-.......
....z.:,,,,z
......
i
..........
........
z--7::::
_
.----v---.......,____:,
`--,-."Z-:*,..
.: ...4.....
.....4....
.......
*
:NZ..., ,--------- -. :
k "
-''
. . . : : .07 -7, i; ' "
P'
; - t.". - : -...-1.--. 1
-..., f t ttt ,...
.1.4f
\--'
" -:>
"
(
P7
,---1
' t, ,
s----</i:
---,..,
,Kra
Figure 5. Seasonal current superficial pattern in the area (left, Boreal Winter Right, Boreal
Summer). http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/atlantic/guiana.html.
Concerning the tides, the cotidal map of the M2 component for the North of South
America is presented at Figure 6. This picture shows the general pattern of the tidal
harmonics in the area. The harmonics data are used to force the hydrodynamic
model only on the open boundaries.
Sc-
ktelcilude a 1010--,5
Tide An laude X Tide Phases
Figure 6.
Cotidal Map for M2, shaded amplitude (cm) and phase in lines.
8
c Casa
Appendix G
G-I0
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Temperature and salinity fields were obtained from a large scale ocean circulation
model (HYCOM) and the mean surface fields for dry and wet seasons are presented
on Figures 7 and 8. Accordingly, surface temperatures range seasonally from 23 C
to 29 C and surface salinity is about 34.5 PSU.
TS Field - JFM
(C)
ao
30'N
29.5
29
28.5
28
27.5
Cf 27
.
26.5
26
25.5
.25
24.5
24
25.5
23
=.5
22
21-5
21
20.5
20
2690
22N
18'N
tang
10N
6N4
2N
75'W
55'W
857
45W
Figure 7. Temperature and Salinity fields for boreal winter/dry season.
TS Field - JAS
(C)
29.5
29
28.5
28
276
Z7
26.5
26
5.5
25
24.5
26'N
22N
18'N
14'N
24
28.5
23
22.5
22
22.2
21
20.5
20
10N
2N
75V
55W
85V
45'3,
Figure 8. Temperature and Salinity fields for boreal summer/wet season.
asa
Appendix G
G-11
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
In summary, the main current pattern in the area is the northwestward flux along the
shelf break (here called Guyana Current). This strong and continuous flow enters
into the shelf interacting with the coastal morphological structures. The seasonal
variation of this flux can also be identified in the datasets analysis, especially at the
superficial ocean layers where a more direct correlation with the wind seasonality
can be observed.
For modeling purposes, the dry and the wet season have been defined as the period
between February to April and August to October, respectively. Wet season has
typically prevailing weaker easterly winds, higher precipitation and a more intense
river discharge; and the dry season features stronger northeasterly winds, a lower
river discharge and precipitation.
2.3. Wind Data Input
Wind data at a 10m height, for the Trinidad region in 2006 were obtained from the
NOAA's NCEP Atmospheric model reanalysis. Figure 9 presents the daily average
stick plots, which demonstrates that winds from easterly directions dominate the
area. Dry months are characterized by prevailing winds from the Northeast and the
wet months by prevailing winds from the East.
NC EP 10.5 N: 60VV
2006
N
5rnis
1111- 111L11111-1.
I/ I W!H -I 1k4
11111.
Figure 9.
10
15
Time (days)
20
25
30
Stick plots of daily averaged NCEP wind data at Pelican.

10
m asa

Appendix G
G-11
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Coacher-allowarn of the sand vectors (m/s). samples = 360

0
Pere. Otss.(%)
20
30
15
10
L
c
O
270
24C
1
1
21C
150
180
Direction in degrees from to wogapse North - meteorologcal convention
Dracaena] Hrstogram of the wind Ve+:2015 inVs). samples = 368

0
Pere. Obs.(561
15
10
1
15
- -25
240
120
10
5
210
150
180
Cfrichon in degrees from the secoraphe North - rnetecirologcal eonveroon
Figure 10. Directional Histograms of the NCEP wind vectors at Pelican, in winter (upper
panel) and summer (lower panel), 2006.
11
m asa

Appendix G
G-13
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
2.4. Generation of Current Field Input Data
A 3D baroclinic terrain following numerical model has been implemented in the area,
with the focus in the region of Trinidad and Tobago (Figure 11). The terrain following
hydrodynamic model has a non linear three-dimensional structure, with the
hydrodynamic equations written in the flow form, under Boussinesq and hydrostatic
approximations. This model allows the use of curvilinear grids, a vertical coordinate
and the resolution of surface and deep turbulent layers by means of a turbulent
closure submodel of second order. The grid generated for the region has a
maximum horizontal dimension of 185 x 314 points with average resolution of
approximately 2,000 m (see Figure 11), and 23 sigma layers.
The model was started from a cold condition with a 3D density field from a basin
scale climatological Model (HYCOM). At the surface it was forced with the
NCAR/NCEP reanalysis and tidal harmonics at the boundaries. The resultant tidal
elevation (at boundaries) was specified using global ocean tide model results of the
Center for Space Research of the University of Texas - CSR3. The Orinoco's
climatological river run off was also included in the domain.
Following figures 12 and 13 show snapshots of surface and depth-average current
fields for both seasons dry (February) and wet (August).
Figure 11.
Discrete bathymetry and hydrodynamics domain in the study area.

12
rasa
G-14
Appendix G
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
a)
b)
Figure 12. DRY - Snapshot of the current pattern in the area of interest during February:
a) surface current field, b) depth-averaged current field.
13
masa
G-15
Appendix G
CSA-Pelican 08-287
IF !nal Feb 09
a)
Figure 13. WET - Snapshot of the current pattern in the area of interest during August:
a) surface current field, b) depth-averaged current field.
14
rasa

Appendix G
G-16
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Figure 14 shows simulated currents at Pelican, with stick plots diagrams at several
depths.
Model results
Surface
0.40
0.00
-0.40 A
30
31
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
SEP
20 m
0.40
E
O.00 larallatfirrAr-- 4,mosarisk.r,
-0.40
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
SEP
40 m
0.0 aM4d&ila.4144a&
< 0 00
-0.40 30
31
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
15
SEP
60 m
30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 7 18
SEP
Figure 14. Stick plots of simulated currents (each 1 h) in September, near the well site at
several vertical layers.
15
-ra.%asa
Appendix G
G-17
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
3. Drill Cuttings and Mud Discharge Simulations

3.1. Drilling Discharge Scenarios
Drill cuttings and mud discharge simulations were conducted for well location
Pelican, during the wet season. A drilling program of up to 7 different sections was
assumed. Table 1 provides scenario specifications for the drill cuttings and mud
modeling based on the provided expected drilling program. The table contains the
location, the amount of the discharges, the duration and the bulk density for each
drilling section.
Table 1. Scenario
Cuttings
Section
specifications for drill cutting and mud discharge scenarios.
Diameter
(lnchs)
Duration
(days)
1.0
26
2.0
20
4.0
14.75
12.0
12.25
3.0
9.5
3.0
6.5
2.0
Discharge
Location
seabed
sea
surface*
sea
surface*
sea
surface*
sea
surface*
sea
surface*
sea
surface*
Volume
Released
Weight
Mud
Volume
Released
3
(m )
Weight
fluids
(kg/m3)
(m3)
(kg/m)
38.75
2,700.0
79.49
1,030.5
106.81
2,700.0
154.50
1,102.4
237.85
2,700.0
333.24
1,126.4
386.84
2,700.0
1087.14
1,437.9
39.39
2,700.0
27.62
1,857.3
15.89
2,700.0
12.67
1,977.1
21.01
2,700.0
20.05
2,120.9
* Water depth discharge: 3 - 5 m below the surface.

The grain size and settling properties of the drill cuttings used in this study are
characterized in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. The grain size distribution for the
water based drill cuttings (WBM) and the sea water drill cuttings is adapted from
Dames & Moore (1978 apud Brandsma & Smith, 1999). And the grain size
distribution for the oil based drill cuttings (SOBM) is adapted from Brandsma (1993
apud Brandsma & Smith, 1999).
Mud grain size and settling properties are characterized in Table 4. The grain size
distribution used in this study is for the solid barite, main solid present in the
composition of Pelican Well muds (WBM and SOBM). Barite grain size distribution
was obtained from ASA SOUTH AMERICA data base. It was considered barite
weight as 4,200 kg/m3.
Settling velocities were calculated according to Watson (1969) based on cuttings

density and solid mud density, considering the particle size, particle density, ambient
16
asa
Appendix G
G-18
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
density and water dynamic viscosity. The particle settling velocities for seabed
discharge were calculated considering the ambient density at the bottom; for sea
surface discharges, an average water column ambient density was used. Watson
(1969) formulation is presented as following:
9Z2
+
4W
amb~
3Z p
WR
where
Vs
Z
W
= settling velocity (cm/s)

= viscosity coefficient, non-dimensional, equal to 0.622
= drag coefficient, non-dimensional, equal to 0.5305
= dynamic viscosity, poise (dyne-s/cm2); 10-2
Pparticle = particle density (g/cm3)
Pambient = ambient density (g/cm3)
g
= gravity, equal to 980 cm/s2
R
= particle radius (cm)
Table 2. Water based mud cuttings (WBM) grain size distribution (adapted from Dames & Moore,
1978 apud Brandsma & Smith, 1999). Settling velocities were calculated according to Watson
(1969).
Particle Size
(mm)
Percent
Volume
0.001
0.003
0.013
0.041
0.108
0.217
0.617
1.050
3.585
8.0
6.0
7.0
3.0
2.0
18.0
16.0
15.0
25.0
Settling Velocity (cm/s)

Seabed
0.0001
0.0017
0.022
0.23
1.44
4.01
9.79
13.5
26.0
17
Sea Surface
0.0001
0.0017
0.022
0.23
1.46
4.04
9.86
13.6
26.2
asa

Appendix G
G-19
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
Table 3. Oil based mud cuttings (SOBM) grain size distribution (adapted from Brandsma, 1993
apud Brandsma & Smith, 1999). Settling velocities were calculated according to Watson (1969).
Particle Size
(mm)
Percent
Volume
Settling
Velocity (cm/s)
3.8
4.2
5.5
6.9
8.5
10.3
12.6
15.0
19.0
23.5
33.8
0.7
1.1
2.3
4.2
6.9
10.1
13.3
15.8
16.7
15.7
13.3
20.2
21.2
24.2
27.2
30.2
33.3
36.8
40.3
45.4
50.4
60.5
Table 4. Mud grain size distribution (ASA SOUTH AMERICA data base) and settling velocities
(calculated according to Watson, 1969).
Particle Size (mm)
Percent Volume
Settling Velocity (cm/s)
1.0 - 0.25
0.25 - 0.0625
0.0625 - 0.0156
0.0156 - 0.0039
0.0039 - 0.0020
0.6
13.3
62.2
18.1
5.8
12.0
2.77
0.48
0.028
0.0024
18
asa
Appendix G
G-20
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
3.1.1. Mud and Drill Cuttings Simulation Results
In this part of the study the results of mud and drill cuttings simulations due to the
specifications related in the 3.1 section are presented. The results are divided in:
Predicted Water Column Concentration and Predicted Seabed Thickness
Depositions.
3.1.2. Predicted Water Column Concentration
The water column concentrations of discharged material are a function of the

discharge amount and ambient current strength/direction. The water column
concentrations were monitored to determine maximum concentrations in the
horizontal and vertical directions. The minimum water column concentration
considered was 1 mg/L. The water column concentrations presented are related to
mud solids only, since these particles have smaller settling velocities and remain
much longer suspended in the water column; cuttings discharges very quickly settled
down into the seabed.
Figures 15 to 19 show the maximum concentrations of mud solids right after the
ending of the discharge of second (26"), third (20"), fourth (14.75"), fifth (12.25") and
seventh (12.25") sections, respectively. The results for section six (12.25") is not
presented, since water column concentrations are always lesser than 1 mg/L.
As the first stage uses seawater/PHG mud the results are also not presented.
As expected, the fourth section with the largest amount to be discharged has the
greater predicted impact. The maximum horizontal extent of the discharge plume is
approximately 480 m, and the plume remains up to 30 m depth. Plume
concentrations in the water column range from 1-10 mg/L, with most of the area in
the range of 1-3 mg/L.
The highest concentration expected in water column is the concentration of the
solids present in mud while the discharge occurs. Few hours after the ending of the
discharge this concentrations tend to disappear. Model results present this
concentration diluted in cells with a horizontal dimension of 10x10 m.
19
irTh as a

Appendix G
G-21
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
SO 39 7
so n
52
60 39 38
IComp_1
km Water Canc. A
Soon
0155
Canceraiseben 5.501)
1 -> 3
3-> 5
5 -> 7
7-> 18
> 10
0 1 48
Figure 15. Predicted maximum water column concentrations from mud discharge during
section 2 (26" drilling section).

SO 39 7
SO 311 52
) 38 39
MEECti:.
lila Wales Cane.
itg j
0 1 55
SmboromoirFolg
I
I
0 1 43
stage 3 (20" drilling section).
20
Vaasa
Appendix G
G-22
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
60 39
33
60 70 57
lcaggs-1
l uallwatm caw. :j
_ti
tal ss
ITT 55
1=11111111
Tom
In-f
Manni=
_
06: stithosumi sown
""'""MiliM111
1111
10933
'
: 11
stage 4 (14.75" drilling section).
Pl 39 7
S0 30 52
00 30 n
MEM.:.
illasWARE Conc.
10 1 SS
0140
StiQn
Vew:
.2" -
ft
0 1 33
21
Appendix G
G-23
CSA-Pelican 08-287
Final, Feb.09
asn 38
63 38 33
I Ca.P-1
111r Water Canc.

1117-61;
No 1
C-4***1100
zj
.14
ita
air
I a L.
22
Appendix G
G-24
125
Attachment 4:
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4

22nd March 2013

Office of the Assistant Manager

energy opportunity growth

EOG's Response to EMA's Request for Further Information

Scope of works for the Re-Completion of Oilbird A-1ST1 70 Sand

EOG Resources Trinidad, Ltd

42" s 30" Drive Pips

4-1/2" 7.5K SCSSV ea 720' MD (1812" ID)

13-318"' Surface Casing

7-5/8" Liner Top 0 11,646' MD

Nur TP70 Sand

7-5/8" Sump Packer 12,770'

7-5/8" Sump Packer 13,673' MD

7-5/8" Prod Liner

OB-A1ST1 Proposed RC Schematic 2013-3-16

Figure-I: OB-A1ST1 Proposed Re-Completion Schematic

Table-1: Tentative Schedule for the drilling and re-completion activities

Selvamurugan M., Doraisamy P., Maheswari M., Nandakumar N. B. (2010) in the

Figure-2: COD results from aeration

EOG's Response to 3.1:

Drilling and Recompletion Phase

MODU (185 days)

PM2 5, PM10, and Total Suspended Particles

EOG's Response to 3.2:

Impacts of drilling rig mobilization and installation

depending upon well conditions or potential downhole problems. If a SBM system is

Barite (barium sulfate) is a major insoluble component of water-based mud discharges,

Impacts of Produced Water

EOG' s Response to 3.3:

In 2009, Applied Science Associates, Inc. (ASA) performed an impact assessment of

14- from IttaFoal.. Platform

FOCI Root-mace& Trinlelaiel Ltd SECC Block

lr Plain Paula Platform

Figure-3: The Oilbird and Pelican Platforms

Dispersion of the drilling discharges

* Discharge water depth: 3 5 m below the water surface.

Figures 4 to 8 show maximum model-predicted, water column concentrations of

Figure-4: Water column predicted maximum suspended muds concentrations after

Figure-5: Water column predicted maximum suspended muds concentrations after

Figure-6: Water column predicted maximum suspended muds concentrations after

Figure-7: Water column predicted maximum suspended muds concentrations after

Figure-8: Water column predicted maximum suspended muds concentrations after

Impacts of drilling discharges on sediment quality would primarily be in the form of

Dispersion of potential surface condensate and diesel spills

SAN FER AN C'

' :..ii, F1.11.. 1411,

Figure-12: Model simulation of a 1,500-bbl dry season condensate spill showing

Figure-13: Model simulation of a 1,500-bbl wet season condensate spill showing

Impacts on Marine Birds, Turtles, Mammals, Fish, and Plankton

Impacts on Benthic Communities and Coastal Habitats

Impacts on Shipping and the Maritime Industry

Water and Sediment Quality

communities will be affected by cumulative produced water discharges, due to dilution

Contribution to Climate Change

Support vessels would emit air

Ambient Noise Levels

Marine turtles and mammals could be

Shipping would be impacted by

Fisheries could be impacted by loss ofIMF

Marine Water Quality

Sediment would be disturbed and pi V

Marine Water Quality