Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mathematics
Form 4
Topic: 7
DECISIVE
(Version 2007)
by
NgKL
(M.Ed.,B.Sc.Hons.,Dip.Ed.,Dip.Edu.Mgt.&Lship,Cert.NPQH.)
Group Data
Example:
Example:
Example:
Ungroup Data
Number
of Books
Read
0
1
2
3
4
Number
of
Students
5
6
8
4
2
Number
of Books
Read
01
2-3
4-5
6-7
8-9
Number
of
Students
11
12
15
8
7
mode
Ungroup Data
_
Mean, x =
x
N
Ungroup Data
(in a Frequency Table)
_
Mean, x =
fx
f
Group Data
_
Mean, x =
fx
f
x = value of data
f = frequency
x = class mid-point
f = frequency
Median, m
= Lm +
N
F
2
c
fm
Lm = lower boundary of
the median class.
N = sum of frequency.
F = cumulative
frequency of the
class before the
median class.
3
fm = frequency of the
median class.
c = size of the median
class.
Effects of uniform changes in a set of data on the mode, mean and median:
1. When a constant number k is added or subtracted to each data in a set, then
* the new mode = original mode k
* the new mean = original mean k
* the new median = original median k
2. When a constant number k is multiplied to each data in a set, then
* the new mode = k x original mode.
* the new mean = k x original mean.
* the new median = k x original median.
When two sets of data, i.e. set X and set Y are combined, then
Combined mean =
xy
Nx Ny
Exercise 7.1
1.
Find the mode, mean and median of the following sets of data.
(a) 9, 5, 3, 3, 7, 13, 9
2.
Find the mode, mean and median of the following sets of data.
(a
)
(b)
(c)
25
30
35
40
45
50
Number of Students
No. of
absentees
No. of
classes
No. of
goals
No. of
players
12
10
7
5
(d)
Score
No. of
pupils
12
11
15
10
20
21
3. Determine the modal class, hence the mode for each set of group data below.
(a)
(b)
Height /
cm
No. of
pupils
141 145
146 150
151 155
16
156 160
161 165
Marks
No.. of
pupils
20 29
30 39
40 49
Modal class =
Mode = .
Modal class =
(c)
4.
(a)
50 59
10
60 69
70 79
Mass /
kg
Mode = .
Modal class =
No. of
pupils
30 39
40 49
50 59
12
60 69
15
70 79
10
Mode = .
Find the mean of each grouped data of the following.
Height /
cm
No. of
pupils
141 145
146 150
151 155
16
156 160
161 165
(b)
(c)
Marks
Number of
pupils
20 -29
30 39
40 49
50 59
10
60 - 69
70 - 79
Mass /
kg
No. of
pupils
30 39
40 49
10
50 59
60 69
15
70 - 79
10
(d) The table below shows the duration of telephone calls received in an office
on a certain day for 40 calls. Determine the mean of the duration of calls.
8
Duration
of Calls /
min
5.
(a)
No. of
Calls
12
34
56
78
10
9 10
For each of the following sets of data, without drawing an ogive, calculate
the median of the set of data.
Height /
cm
Number of
pupils
141 145
146 150
151 155
16
156 160
161 165
(b)
(c)
Marks
No. of
pupils
20 29
30 39
40 49
50 59
10
60 69
70 - 799
Mass /
kg
Number of
pupils
30 39
40 49
10
50 59
60 69
14
70 - 79
10
(d) The table below shows the duration of telephone calls received in an office
on a certain day for 40 calls. Without drawing an ogive, determine the
median of the duration of calls.
10
Duration
of Calls /
min
Number
of Calls
23
45
12
67
10
89
10 11
7.2 OGIVE
3N
4
N
2
N = Sum of frequency
Q1 = First quartile
m = Median
N
4
Q3 = Third quartile
Upper boundary
Q1m Q3
11
1.
Cumulative
Upper
frequency, F
boundary
0
29.5
8
39.5
18
49.5
26
59.5
40
69.5
50
79.5
its cumulative frequency against upper
Frequency, f
20 29
0
30 39
8
40 49
10
50 59
8
60 69
14
70 79
10
graph is then plotted with
boundary to give an ogive.
Exercise 7.2
The table below shows the duration of telephone calls received in an office
on a certain day for 40 calls. Draw an ogive, hence determine the median,
m, first quartile, Q1, and third quartile, Q3 of the duration of calls.
Duration of
Calls / min
Number
of Calls
23
45
12
67
10
89
10 11
12
2.
The table below shows marks scored by 30 pupils in a test. Draw an ogive,
hence determine the median, m, first quartile, Q 1, and third quartile, Q3 of
the test.
Marks
Number of
pupils
20 29
30 39
40 49
50 59
10
60 69
70 79
13
6.
(a) The mode, mean and median of a set of numbers are 6, 8.5 and 7.8
respectively. Determine the new mode, mean and median if each of the
numbers in the set is;
(i) added by 3 and then divided by 2.
(ii) subtracted by 5 and then multiplied by 4.
(b) The mode, mean and median of a set of data are 32.5, 30 and 31.5
respectively. Find the new mode, mean and median if each value in the
data is;
(i) added by 3 and then multiplied by .,
(ii) subtracted by 1.2.
14
(c) A set of data with 6 numbers has a mean of 21. When a new number is
added to the set, the mean becomes 20. Find the value of the number
added.
7.3
MEASURE OF DISPERSION
Ungroup Data
Ungroup Data
(in a Frequency Table)
Group Data
Variance,
Variance,
Variance,
2 =
_ 2
- x
=
2
where;
= sum of square of
the values of
data.
N = number of
values of data.
fx
f
2
_ 2
=
2
where;
f = frequency.
where;
f = frequency.
x = value of data.
x = class midpoint.
= mean
_ 2
= mean
= mean
Standard deviation,
=
fx
f
2
x x2
2
Standard deviation,
fx x 2
f
2
Standard deviation,
fx 2 x_2
f
15
2
x y
N x Ny
xy
N N
y
x
Exercise 7.3(a)
1.
Find the range and inter quartile range of each set of the following data.
16
2.
(a
)
(b)
Find the range and inter quartile range of each set of the following data.
Score
No. of
pupils
12
20
18
11
No. of
book
No. of
pupils
10
14
20
26
18
12
17
(c)
(d)
3.
Mass /
kg
No. of
pupils
50
51
52
10
53
20
54
55
No. of
children
No. of
family
No. of
workers
301 400
401 500
501 600
12
601 700
701 800
6
18
(b) Calculate the first quartile, Q1,, the third quartile, Q3 and the inter
quartile range.
(c) Draw an ogive, hence determine the first quartile, Q1,,third quartile, Q3
and the inter quartile range from the ogive.
19
4.
The table below shows the number of chicken sold over a period of 60 days.
No. of
chickens
No.
of days
11 15
11
16 20
16
21 25
19
26 30
31 - 35
6
20
(b) Calculate the first quartile, Q1,, the third quartile, Q3 and the inter
quartile range.
(c) Draw an ogive, hence determine the first quartile, Q1,,third quartile, Q3
and the inter quartile range from the ogive.
21
Exercise 7.3(b):
1.
Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of each set of the
following data.
(a) 9, 5, 3, 3, 7, 13, 9
22
2.
Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of each of the following
data.
23
(a
)
(b)
Score
No. of
pupils
12
20
18
11
No. of
book
No. of
pupils
10
14
20
26
18
12
24
(c)
(d)
Mass /
kg
No. of
pupils
50
51
52
10
53
20
54
55
No.
of
children
No. of
family
Exercise 7.3(c):
25
1.
The table below shows the duration of telephone calls received in an office
on a certain day for 40 calls. Find the mean, variance and standard
deviation of the duration of calls.
Duration of
Calls / min
23
Number
of Calls
9
45
12
67
10
89
10 11
26
2.
The table below shows marks scored by 30 pupils in a test. Find the mean,
variance and standard deviation of the test.
Marks
Number of
pupils
20 29
30 39
40 49
50 59
10
60 - 69
70 - 79
27
3.
The table below shows the lengths of 60 mature long beans in a field study.
Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of the lengths of the beans.
10 14
Number
of Beans
8
15 19
15
20 24
19
25 29
13
30 34
Length / cm
28
Exercise 7.3(d)
1.
The range and the variance of a set of data are 12 and 13 respectively. Each
value in the set of data is multiplied by 3 and then subtracted by 5. Find
(a) the new range,
(b) the new variance
2.
A set of data has a range of 30, an inter quartile range of 5 and a standard
deviation of 8. Each value in the set of the data is divided by 4 and then
added by 3. Find
(a) the new range,
(b) the new inter quartile range,
(c) the new standard deviation.
3.
Determine the range, the inter quartile range and the variance of the set of
data, 3, 5, 6, 8 11, 13. What will be the range, the inter quartile range and
the variance when values of the data is changed to the following
(a) 4, 6, 7, 9, 12, 14.
(b) 9, 15, 18, 24, 33, 39.
(c) 1.5, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.5, 6.5.
(d) 2.5, 4.5, 5.5, 7.5, 11.5, 13.5
29
Given the mode and the mean of the following set of data, 9, p, 14, q, 33, q
are 33 and 20 respectively. Determine the values of p and q.
2.
3.
A set of data has seven numbers. Its mean is 9. If a number p is added to the
set, the new mean is 12. What is the possible value of p?
30
4.
A set of data x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 has a mean of 10 and a variance of 4. A value of
x 6 is added to the set of data, the mean remains unchanged. Determine
(a) the value of x6,
(b) the variance of the new set of data.
5.
A set of data consists of 6 numbers. The sum of the numbers is 39 and the
sum of the squares is 271.
(a) Find the mean and variance of the set of data.
(b) If a number 5 is taken out from the set of data, find the new mean and
standard deviation of the new data.
6.
31
0
0.5
(a)
(b)
10.5
20.5
30.5
40.5
50.5
Marks
32
2.
A set of data consists of 10 numbers. The sum of the numbers is 150 and the
sum of the squares of the numbers is 2472.
(a) Find the mean and variance of the 10 numbers.
[3 marks]
(b) Another number is added to the set of data and the mean is increased by
1. Find
(i) the value of this number,
(ii) the standard deviation of the set of 11 numbers.
[4 marks]
(SPM 2004/SectionA/Paper 2)
33
3.
A set of examination marks x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 has a mean of 5 and a
standard deviation of 1.5.
(a) Find
(i) the sum of the marks, x,
(ii) the sum of the squares of the marks, x2.
[3 marks]
(b) Each mark is multiplied by 2 then 3 is added to it. Find, for the new set
of marks,
(i) the mean,
(ii) the variance.
[4 marks]
(SPM 2003/Section A/Paper 2)
34
4.
The positive integers consists of 2, 5 and m. The variance for this set of
integers is 14. Find the value of m.
[4 marks]
(SPM 2006/Paper 1)
5.
A set of data consists of five numbers. The sum of the numbers is 60 and the
sum of the squares of the numbers is 800.
Find, for the five numbers
(a) the mean,
(b) the standard deviation.
[3 marks]
(SPM2007/Paper 1)
35
6.
< 10
< 20
< 30
< 40
< 50
10
20
28
32
30 39
40 49
Number of students
Table 1
(a) Based on Table 1, copy and complete Table 2.
Score
09
10 19
20 29
Number of students
Table 2
(b) Without drawing an ogive, find the interquartile range of the
distribution.
[5 marks]
(SPM2007/Section A/Paper 2)
7.
Number of pupils
1
2
8
12
k
1
[3 marks]
36
(b) Use the graph paper provided by the invigilator to answer this
question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 10 cm scores on the horizontal axis and 2 cm
to 2 pupils on the vertical axis, draw a histogram to represent the
frequency distribution of the scores.
Find the mode score.
[4 marks]
(c) What is the mode score if the score of each pupil is increased by 5?
[1 mark]
(SPM2006/Section A/Paper 2)
37