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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No.

213 / Friday, November 4, 2005 / Proposed Rules 67109

TABLE NO. 3.—RESIDUAL FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY: MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WORK CAPABILITY LIMITED TO MEDIUM WORK AS
A RESULT OF SEVERE MEDICALLY DETERMINABLE IMPAIRMENT(S)

Previous work
Rule Age Education Decision
experience

203.01 ............ Advanced age, Marginal or Unskilled or Disabled.


age 62 or none. none.
older.

* * * * * * *
203.10 ............ Advanced age, Limited or less None ............... Disabled.
age 57–61.

* * * * * * *

* * * * * See Rule 201.17 in appendix 2 of skilled or semiskilled light work only if


subpart P of part 404 of this chapter. the light work is so similar to your
PART 416—SUPPLEMENTAL (d) Person closely approaching previous work that you would need to
SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, advanced age. If you are closely make very little, if any, vocational
BLIND, AND DISABLED approaching advanced age (age 52–56), adjustment in terms of tools, work
we will consider that your age along processes, work settings, or the
Subpart I—[Amended] with a severe impairment(s) and limited industry. * * *
8. The authority citation for subpart I work experience may seriously affect [FR Doc. 05–21975 Filed 11–3–05; 8:45 am]
continues to read as follows: your ability to adjust to other work.
BILLING CODE 4191–02–P
(e) Person of advanced age. We
Authority: Secs. 702(a)(5), 1611, 1614, consider that at advanced age (age 57 or
1619, 1631(a), (c), and (d)(1), and 1633 of the
older) age significantly affects a person’s
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 902(a)(5), ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
1382, 1382c, 1382h, 1383(a), (c), and (d)(1), ability to adjust to other work. We have
special rules for persons of advanced AGENCY
and 1383(b); secs. 4(c) and 5, 6(c)–(e), 14(a),
and 15, Pub. L. 98–460, 98 Stat. 1794, 1801, age, including persons in this category
40 CFR Parts 52 and 81
1802, and 1808 (42 U.S.C. 421 note, 423 note, who are age 62 or older. See
1382h note). § 416.968(d)(4). [R03–OAR–2005–VA–0013; FRL–7993–6]
9. Amend § 416.962 by revising the * * * * *
Approval and Promulgation of Air
paragraph heading and the first sentence 11. Amend § 416.968 by revising the
Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia;
of paragraph (b) to read as follows: first, fifth, and sixth sentences of
Redesignation of the Shenandoah
paragraph (d)(4) to read as follows:
§ 416.962 Medical-vocational profiles National Park Ozone Nonattainment
showing an inability to make an adjustment § 416.968 Skill requirements. Area To Attainment and Approval of
to other work. * * * * * the Area’s Maintenance Plan
* * * * * (d) Skills that can be used in other AGENCY: Environmental Protection
(b) If you are at least 57 years old, work (transferability). Agency (EPA).
have no more than a limited education, * * * * * ACTION: Proposed rule.
and have no past relevant work (4) Transferability of skills for
experience. If you have a severe, individuals of advanced age. If you are SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve
medically determinable impairment(s) of advanced age (age 57 or older), and a redesignation request and a State
(see §§ 416.920(c), 416.921, and you have a severe impairment(s) that Implementation Plan (SIP) revision
416.923), are of advanced age (age 57 or limits you to sedentary or light work, we submitted by the Commonwealth of
older, see § 416.963), have a limited will find that you cannot make an Virginia. The Virginia Department of
education or less (see § 416.964), and adjustment to other work unless you Environmental Quality (VADEQ) is
have no past relevant work experience have skills that you can transfer to other requesting that the Shenandoah
(see § 416.965), we will find you skilled or semiskilled work (or you have National Park area (the SNP area) be
disabled. * * * recently completed education which redesignated as attainment for the 8-
10. Amend § 416.963 by revising provides for direct entry into skilled hour ozone national ambient air quality
paragraphs (c), (d), and (e) to read as work) that you can do despite your standard (NAAQS). In conjunction with
follows: impairment(s). * * * If you are of its redesignation request, the VADEQ
advanced age but have not attained age submitted a SIP revision consisting of a
§ 416.963 Your age as a vocational factor. 62, and you have a severe impairment(s) maintenance plan for the SNP area that
* * * * * that limits you to no more than light provides for continued attainment of the
(c) Younger person. If you are a work, we will apply the rules in 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the next 10
younger person (under age 52), we paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this years. EPA is proposing to make a
generally do not consider that your age section to decide if you have skills that determination that the SNP area has
will seriously affect your ability to are transferable to skilled or semiskilled attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS based
adjust to other work. However, in some light work (see § 416.967(b)). If you are upon three years of complete, quality-
circumstances, we consider that persons age 62 or older and you have a severe assured ambient air quality ozone
age 47–51 are more limited in their impairment(s) that limits you to no monitoring data for 2002–2004. EPA’s
ability to adjust to other work than more than light work, we will find that proposed approval of the 8-hour ozone
persons who have not attained age 47. you have skills that are transferable to redesignation request is based on its

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67110 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 213 / Friday, November 4, 2005 / Proposed Rules

determination that the SNP area has met regulations.gov, your e-mail address I. What Actions Are EPA Proposing to
the criteria for redesignation to will be automatically captured and Take?
attainment specified in the Clean Air included as part of the comment that is On September 21, 2005, VADEQ
Act (CAA). EPA is providing placed in the public docket and made formally submitted a request to
information on the status of its available on the Internet. If you submit redesignate the SNP area from
adequacy determination for the motor an electronic comment, EPA nonattainment to attainment of the 8-
vehicle emission budgets (MVEBs) that recommends that you include your hour NAAQS for ozone. On September
are identified in the maintenance plan name and other contact information in 23, 2005, Virginia submitted a
for the SNP area for purposes of the body of your comment and with any maintenance plan for the SNP area as a
transportation conformity, and is also disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA SIP revision, to ensure continued
proposing to approve those MVEBs. cannot read your comment due to attainment over the next 10 years. The
EPA is proposing approval of the technical difficulties and cannot contact SNP area is composed of those portions
redesignation request and of the you for clarification, EPA may not be of Page and Madison Counties located
maintenance plan revision to the able to consider your comment. within the boundaries of Shenandoah
Virginia SIP in accordance with the Electronic files should avoid the use of National Park. It is currently designated
requirements of the CAA. special characters, any form of as a basic 8-hour ozone nonattainment
DATES: Written comments must be encryption, and be free of any defects or area. EPA is proposing to determine that
received on or before December 5, 2005. viruses. the SNP area has attained the 8-hour
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, Docket: All documents in the ozone NAAQS and that it has met the
identified by Regional Material in electronic docket are listed in the RME requirements for redesignation pursuant
EDocket (RME) ID Number R03–OAR– index at http://docket.epa.gov/rmepub/. to section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. EPA
2005–VA–0013 by one of the following Although listed in the index, some is, therefore, proposing to approve the
methods: information is not publicly available, redesignation request to change the
Federal eRulemaking Portal: http:// i.e., CBI or other information whose designation of the SNP area from
www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line disclosure is restricted by statute. nonattainment to attainment for the 8-
instructions for submitting comments. Certain other material, such as hour ozone NAAQS. EPA is also
Agency Web site: http:// copyrighted material, is not placed on proposing to approve the maintenance
docket.epa.gov/rmepub/RME, EPA’s the Internet and will be publicly plan SIP revision for the area, such
electronic public docket and comment available only in hard copy form. approval being one of the CAA
system, is EPA’s preferred method for Publicly available docket materials are requirements for approval of a
receiving comments. Follow the on-line available either electronically in RME or redesignation request. The maintenance
instructions for submitting comments. in hard copy during normal business plan is designed to ensure continued
E-mail: morris.makeba@epa.gov. hours at the Air Protection Division, attainment in the SNP area for the next
Mail: R03–OAR–2005–VA–0013, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 10 years. Additionally, EPA is
Makeba Morris, Chief, Air Quality Region III, 1650 Arch Street, announcing its action on the adequacy
Planning Branch, Mailcode 3AP21, U.S. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. process for the MVEBs identified in the
Environmental Protection Agency, Copies of the State submittal are maintenance plan, and proposing to
Region III, 1650 Arch Street, available at the Virginia Department of approve the MVEBs identified for
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. Environmental Quality, 629 East Main volatile organic compounds (VOC) and
Hand Delivery: At the previously- Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219. nitrogen oxides (NOX) for the SNP area
listed EPA Region III address. Such for transportation conformity purposes.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
deliveries are only accepted during the II. What Is the Background for These
Amy Caprio, (215) 814–2156, or by e-
Docket’s normal hours of operation, and Proposed Actions?
mail at caprio.amy@epa.gov.
special arrangements should be made
for deliveries of boxed information. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: A. General
Instructions: Direct your comments to Throughout this document whenever Ground-level ozone is not emitted
RME ID No. R03–OAR–2005–VA–0013. ‘‘we’’, ‘‘us’’, or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean directly by sources. Rather, emissions of
EPA’s policy is that all comments EPA. NOX and VOC react in the presence of
received will be included in the public sunlight to form ground-level ozone.
docket without change, and may be Table of Contents The air pollutants NOX and VOC are
made available online at http:// I. What Actions are EPA Proposing to Take? referred to as precursors of ozone. The
docket.epa.gov/rmepub/, including any II. What is the Background for These CAA establishes a process for air quality
personal information provided, unless Proposed Actions? management through the attainment and
the comment includes information III. What are the Criteria for Redesignation to
Attainment?
maintenance of the NAAQS.
claimed to be Confidential Business IV. Why is EPA Taking These Actions?
On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a
Information (CBI) or other information V. What Would be the Effect of these revised 8-hour ozone standard of 0.08
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Actions? parts per million (ppm). This new
Do not submit information that you VI. What is EPA’s Analysis of the standard is more stringent than the
consider to be CBI or otherwise Commonwealth’s Request? previous 1-hour ozone standard. EPA
protected through RME, regulations.gov VII. Are the Motor Vehicle Emissions designated, as nonattainment, any area
or e-mail. The EPA RME and the Federal Budgets Established and Identified in the violating the 8-hour ozone NAAQS
regulations.gov Web sites are an Maintenance Plan for the Shenandoah based on the air quality data for the
‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which National Park Area Adequate and three years of 2001–2003. These were
Approvable?
means EPA will not know your identity VIII. General Information Pertaining to SIP
the most recent three years of data at the
or contact information unless you Submittals for the Commonwealth of time EPA designated 8-hour areas. The
provide it in the body of your comment. Virginia SNP area was designated as basic 8-hour
If you send an e-mail comment directly IX. Proposed Action ozone nonattainment status in a Federal
to EPA without going through RME or X. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Register notice signed on April 25, 2004

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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 213 / Friday, November 4, 2005 / Proposed Rules 67111

and published on April 30, 2004 (69 FR located within the boundaries of the Memorandum from Bill Laxton, June 18,
23857). Shenandoah National Park. Prior to its 1990;
The CAA, Title I, part D, contains two designation as an 8-hour ozone • ‘‘Maintenance Plans for
sets of provisions—subpart 1 and nonattainment area, the SNP area was Redesignation of Ozone and Carbon
subpart 2—that address planning and designated as an attainment area for the Monoxide Nonattainment Areas,’’
control requirements for nonattainment 1-hour ozone nonattainment NAAQS. Memorandum from G.T. Helms, Chief,
areas. Subpart 1(which EPA refers to as On September 21, 2005, the VADEQ Ozone/Carbon Monoxide Programs
‘‘basic’’ nonattainment) contains requested that the SNP area be Branch, April 30, 1992;
general, less prescriptive requirements redesignated to attainment for the 8- • ‘‘Contingency Measures for Ozone
for nonattainment areas for any hour ozone standard. The redesignation and Carbon Monoxide (CO)
pollutant—including ozone—governed request included 3 years of complete, Redesignations,’’ Memorandum from G.
by a NAAQS. Subpart 2 (which EPA quality-assured data for the period of T. Helms, Chief, Ozone/Carbon
refers to as ‘‘classified’’ nonattainment) 2002–2004, indicating that the 8-hour Monoxide Programs Branch, June 1,
provides more specific requirements for NAAQS for ozone had been achieved for 1992;
ozone nonattainment areas. Some 8- the SNP area. The data satisfies the CAA • ‘‘Procedures for Processing
hour ozone nonattainment areas are requirements when the 3-year average of Requests to Redesignate Areas to
subject only to the provisions of subpart the annual fourth-highest daily Attainment,’’ Memorandum from John
1. Other areas are also subject to the maximum 8-hour average ozone Calcagni, Director, Air Quality
provisions of subpart 2. Under EPA’s 8- concentration (commonly referred to as Management Division, September 4,
hour ozone implementation rule, signed the area’s design value) is less than or 1992;
on April 15, 2004, an area was classified equal to 0.08 ppm (i.e., 0.084 ppm when • ‘‘State Implementation Plan (SIP)
under subpart 2 based on its 8-hour rounding is considered). Under the Actions Submitted in Response to Clean
ozone design value (i.e., the 3-year CAA, a nonattainment area may be Air Act (Act) Deadlines,’’ Memorandum
average annual fourth-highest daily redesignated if sufficient complete, from John Calcagni Director, Air Quality
maximum 8-hour average ozone quality-assured data is available to Management Division, October 28, 1992;
concentration), if it had a 1-hour design determine that the area has attained the • ‘‘Technical Support Documents
value at or above 0.121 ppm (the lowest standard and the area meets the other (TSD’s) for Redesignation Ozone and
1-hour design value in the CAA for CAA redesignation requirements set Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nonattainment
subpart 2 requirements). All other areas forth in section 107(d)(3)(E). Areas,’’ Memorandum from G.T. Helms,
are covered under subpart 1, based upon Chief, Ozone/Carbon Monoxide
their 8-hour design values. In 2004, the III. What Are the Criteria for Programs Branch, August 17, 1993;
SNP area was designated a basic 8-hour Redesignation to Attainment? • ‘‘State Implementation Plan (SIP)
ozone nonattainment area based upon The CAA provides the requirements Requirements for Areas Submitting
air quality monitoring data from 2001– for redesignating a nonattainment area Requests for Redesignation to
2003, and is subject to the requirements to attainment. Specifically, section Attainment of the Ozone and Carbon
of subpart 1. 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA, allows for Monoxide (CO) National Ambient Air
Under 40 CFR part 50, the 8-hour Quality Standards (NAAQS) On or After
redesignation, providing that:
ozone standard is attained when the 3- November 15, 1992,’’ Memorandum
(1) EPA determines that the area has
year average of the annual fourth- from Michael H. Shapiro, Acting
attained the applicable NAAQS;
highest daily maximum 8-hour average Assistant Administrator for Air and
ambient air quality ozone (2) EPA has fully approved the
Radiation, September 17, 1993;
applicable implementation plan for the
concentrations is less than or equal to • Memorandum from D. Kent Berry,
0.08 ppm (i.e., 0.084 ppm when area under section 110(k);
Acting Director, Air Quality
rounding is considered). See 69 FR (3) EPA determines that the Management Division, to Air Division
23857, (April 30, 2004) for further improvement in air quality is due to Directors, Regions 1–10, ‘‘Use of Actual
information. Ambient air quality permanent and enforceable reductions Emissions in Maintenance
monitoring data for the 3-year period in emissions resulting from Demonstrations for Ozone and CO
must meet data completeness implementation of the applicable SIP Nonattainment Areas,’’ dated November
requirements. The data completeness and applicable Federal air pollutant 30, 1993;
requirements are met when the average control regulations and other permanent • ‘‘Part D New Source Review (part D
percent of days with valid ambient and enforceable reductions; NSR) Requirements for Areas
monitoring data is greater than 90 (4) EPA has fully approved a Requesting Redesignation to
percent, and no single year has less than maintenance plan for the area as Attainment,’’ Memorandum from Mary
75 percent data completeness as meeting the requirements of section D. Nichols, Assistant Administrator for
determined in Appendix I of 40 CFR 175A; and Air and Radiation, October 14, 1994;
part 50. The ozone monitoring data from (5) The state containing such area has and
the 3-year period of 2002–2004 met all requirements applicable to the • ‘‘Reasonable Further Progress,
indicates that the SNP area has a design area under section 110 and part D. Attainment Demonstration, and Related
value of 0.082 ppm. Therefore, the EPA provided guidance on Requirements for Ozone Nonattainment
ambient ozone data for the SNP area redesignation in the General Preamble Areas Meeting the Ozone National
indicates no violations of the 8-hour for the Implementation of Title I of the Ambient Air Quality Standard,’’
ozone standard. Available preliminary CAA Amendments of 1990, on April 16, Memorandum from John S. Seitz,
monitoring data for 2005 indicates 1992 (57 FR 13498), and supplemented Director, Office of Air Quality Planning
continued attainment of the 8-hour this guidance on April 28, 1992 (57 FR and Standards, May 10, 1995.
ozone standard. 18070). EPA has provided further
guidance on processing redesignation IV. Why Is EPA Taking These Actions?
B. The Shenandoah National Park Area requests in the following documents: On September 21, 2005, the VADEQ
The SNP area consists of those • ‘‘Ozone and Carbon Monoxide requested redesignation of the SNP area
portions of Page and Madison Counties Design Value Calculations’’, to attainment for the 8-hour ozone

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67112 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 213 / Friday, November 4, 2005 / Proposed Rules

standard. On September 23, 2005, the standard of 0.08 ppm. Based on the Virginia indicates that the SNP area has
VADEQ submitted a maintenance plan rounding convention described in 40 attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
for the SNP area as a SIP revision, to CFR part 50, appendix I, the standard is
B. The Shenandoah National Park Area
assure continued attainment over the attained if the design value is 0.084 ppm
Has Met All Applicable Requirements
next 10 years. EPA has determined that or below. The data must be collected Under Section 110 and Part D of the
the SNP area has attained the standard and quality-assured in accordance with CAA and the Area Has a Fully
and has met the requirements for 40 CFR part 58, and recorded in the Approved SIP Under Section 110(k) of
redesignation set forth in section Aerometric Information Retrieval the CAA
107(d)(3)(E). System (AIRS). The monitors generally
should have remained at the same EPA has determined that Virginia has
V. What Would Be the Effect of These met all SIP requirements for the SNP
Actions? location for the duration of the
monitoring period required for area applicable for purposes of
Approval of the redesignation request demonstrating attainment. redesignation under section 110 of the
would change the designation of the In the SNP area there is one ozone CAA (General SIP Requirements) and
SNP area from nonattainment to monitor, located in Madison County/Big that it meets all applicable SIP
attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS Meadows (the Big Meadows Monitor), requirements under Part D of Title 1 of
found at 40 CFR part 81. It would also that measures air quality with respect to the CAA, in accordance with section
incorporate into the Virginia SIP a ozone. As part of its redesignation 107(d)(3)(E)(v). In addition, EPA has
maintenance plan ensuring continued request, Virginia submitted ozone determined that the SIP is fully
attainment of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS monitoring data for the years 2002–2004 approved with respect to all
in the SNP area for the next 10 years. (the most recent three years of data requirements applicable for purposes of
The maintenance plan includes available as of the time of the redesignation in accordance with
contingency measures to remedy any section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii). In making these
redesignation request). This data has
future violations of the 8-hour NAAQS proposed determinations, EPA
been quality assured and is recorded in
(should they occur), and identifies the ascertained what requirements are
AIRS. The fourth high 8-hour daily
MVEBs for NOX and VOC for applicable to the area, and determined
maximum concentrations, along with
transportation conformity purposes for that the applicable portions of the SIP
the three-year average, are summarized
the years 2004, 2009 and 2015. These meeting these requirements are fully
in Table 2.
MVEBs are displayed in the following approved under section 110(k) of the
table: CAA. We note that SIPs must be fully
TABLE 2.—SHENANDOAH NATIONAL approved only with respect to
TABLE 1.—MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS PARK NONATTAINMENT AREA applicable requirements.
BUDGETS IN TONS PER DAY (TPD) FOURTH HIGHEST 8-HOUR AVERAGE The September 4, 1992 Calcagni
VALUES; BIG MEADOWS MONITOR, memorandum (‘‘Procedures for
Year NOX VOC AIRS ID 51–113–0003 Processing Requests to Redesignate
Areas to Attainment,’’ Memorandum
2004 ...................... 0.075 0.042 Annual 4th from John Calcagni, Director, Air
2009 ...................... 0.057 0.038 Year high read- Quality Management Division,
2015 ...................... 0.035 0.029 ing (ppm)
September 4, 1992) describes EPA’s
2002 ............................................ 0.086 interpretation of section 107(d)(3)(E)
VI. What Is EPA’s Analysis of the with respect to the timing of applicable
2003 ............................................ 0.086
Commonwealth’s Request? 2004 ............................................ 0.075 requirements. Under this interpretation,
EPA is proposing to determine that to qualify for redesignation, states
the SNP nonattainment area has The average for the 3-year period 2002 requesting redesignation to attainment
attained the 8-hour ozone standard and through 2004 is 0.082 ppm must meet only the relevant CAA
that all other redesignation criteria have requirements that come due prior to the
been met. The following is a description The data for 2002–2004 show that the submittal of a complete redesignation
of how the VADEQ’s September 21, area has attained the standard, and request. See also Michael Shapiro
2005 and September 23, 2005 submittals preliminary data for the 2005 ozone memorandum, September 17, 1993, and
satisfy the requirements of section season show that the area continues to 60 FR 12459, 12465–66, (March 7, 1995)
107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. attain the standard. The data collected (redesignation of Detroit-Ann Arbor).
at the Big Meadows monitor satisfies the Applicable requirements of the CAA
A. The Shenandoah National Park Area CAA requirement that the 3-year
Has Attained the 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS that come due subsequent to the area’s
average of the annual fourth-highest submittal of a complete redesignation
EPA is proposing to determine that daily maximum 8-hour average ozone request remain applicable until a
the SNP area has attained the 8-hour concentration is less than or equal to redesignation is approved, but are not
ozone NAAQS. For ozone, an area may 0.08 ppm. The VADEQ’s request for required as a prerequisite to
be considered to be attaining the 8-hour redesignation for the SNP area indicates redesignation. Section 175A(c)of the
ozone NAAQS if there are no violations, that the data was quality assured in CAA. Sierra Club v. EPA, 375 F.3d 537
as determined in accordance with 40 accordance with 40 CFR part 58. The (7th Cir. 2004). See also 68 FR 25424,
CFR 50.10 and Appendix I of part 50, VADEQ uses AIRS as the permanent 25427 (May 12, 2003) (redesignation of
based on three complete, consecutive database to maintain its data and quality St. Louis).
calendar years of quality-assured air assures the data transfers and content
quality monitoring data. To attain this for accuracy. In addition, as discussed 1. Section 110 General SIP
standard, the 3-year average of the below with respect to the maintenance Requirements
fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour plan, VADEQ has committed to Section 110(a)(2) of Title I of the CAA
average ozone concentrations measured continue monitoring in accordance with delineates the general requirements for
at each monitor within the area over 40 CFR part 58. In summary, EPA has a SIP, which include enforceable
each year must not exceed the ozone determined that the data submitted by emissions limitations and other control

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measures, means, or techniques, designation and classification, are the depending on the area’s nonattainment
provisions for the establishment and relevant measures to evaluate in classification. The SNP area was
operation of appropriate devices reviewing a redesignation request. This classified as a subpart 1 nonattainment
necessary to collect data on ambient air policy is consistent with EPA’s existing area; therefore, no subpart 2
quality, and programs to enforce the policy on applicability of conformity requirements apply to this area.
limitations. The general SIP elements (i.e., for redesignations) and oxygenated With respect to the 8-hour standard,
and requirements set forth in section fuels requirement. See Reading, EPA proposes to determine that the
110(a)(2) include, but are not limited to, Pennsylvania, proposed and final Virginia SIP meets all applicable SIP
the following: rulemakings 61 FR 53174–53176 requirements under Part D of the CAA,
• Submittal of a SIP that has been (October 10, 1996), 62 FR 24816 (May 7, because no 8-hour ozone standard Part
adopted by the state after reasonable 1997); Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, Ohio, D requirements applicable for purposes
public notice and hearing; final rulemaking 61 FR 20458 (May 7, of redesignation became due prior to
• Provisions for establishment and 1996); and Tampa, Florida, final submission of the area’s redesignation
operation of appropriate procedures rulemaking 60 FR 62748 (December 7, request. Because the Commonwealth
needed to monitor ambient air quality; 1995). See also the discussion on this submitted a complete redesignation
• Implementation of a source permit issue in the Cincinnati redesignation 65 request for the SNP area prior to the
program; provisions for the FR 37890 (June 19, 2000), and in the deadline for any submissions required
implementation of Part C requirement Pittsburgh redesignation 66 FR 50399 under the 8-hour standard, we have
(Prevention of Significant Deterioration (October 19, 2001). Similarly, with determined that the part D requirements
(PSD)); respect to the NOX SIP Call rules, EPA do not apply to the SNP area for the
• Provisions for the implementation noted in its Phase 1 Final Rule to purposes of redesignation.
of Part D requirements for New Source Implement the 8-hour Ozone NAAQS, In addition to the fact that Part D
Review (NSR) permit programs; that the NOX SIP Call rules are not ‘‘an requirements applicable for purposes of
• Provisions for air pollution ‘applicable requirement’ for purposes of redesignation did not become due prior
modeling; and section 110(l) because the NOX rules to submission of the redesignation
• Provisions for public and local apply regardless of an area’s attainment request, EPA believes it is reasonable to
agency participation in planning and or nonattainment status for the 8-hour interpret the general conformity and
emission control rule development. (or the 1-hour) NAAQS.’’ 69 FR 23951, NSR requirements as not requiring
Section 110(a)(2)(D) requires that SIPs 23983 (April 30, 2004). approval prior to redesignation.
contain certain measures to prevent EPA believes that section 110 With respect to section 176,
sources in a state from significantly elements not linked to the area’s Conformity Requirements, section
contributing to air quality problems in nonattainment status are not applicable 176(c) of the CAA requires states to
another state. To implement this for purposes of redesignation. Any establish criteria and procedures to
provision, EPA has required certain section 110 requirements that are linked ensure that Federally supported or
states to establish programs to address to the Part D requirements for 8-hour funded projects conform to the air
transport of air pollutants in accordance ozone nonattainment areas are not yet quality planning goals in the applicable
with the NOX SIP Call, October 27, 1998 due, because, as we explain later in this SIP. The requirement to determine
(63 FR 57356), amendments to the NOX notice, no Part D requirements conformity applies to transportation
SIP Call, May 14, 1999 (64 FR 26298) applicable for purposes of redesignation plans, programs, and projects
and March 2, 2000 (65 FR 11222), and under the 8-hour standard became due developed, funded or approved under
the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), prior to submission of the redesignation Title 23 U.S.C. and the Federal Transit
May 12, 2005 (70 FR 25161). However, request. Act (‘‘transportation conformity’’) as
the section 110(a)(2)(D) requirements for Because the Virginia SIP satisfies all well as to all other Federally supported
a state are not linked with a particular of the applicable general SIP elements or funded projects (‘‘general
nonattainment area’s designation and and requirements set forth in section conformity’’). State conformity revisions
classification in that state. EPA believes 110(a)(2), EPA concludes that Virginia must be consistent with Federal
that the requirements linked with a has satisfied the criterion of section conformity regulations relating to
particular nonattainment area’s 107(d)(3)(E) regarding section 110 of the consultation, enforcement and
designation and classification are the Act. enforceability that the CAA required the
relevant measures to evaluate in EPA to promulgate.
reviewing a redesignation request. The 2. Part D Nonattainment Area EPA believes it is reasonable to
transport SIP submittal requirements, Requirements Under the 8-Hour interpret the conformity SIP
where applicable, continue to apply to Standard requirements as not applying for
a state regardless of the designation of The SNP area was designated a basic purposes of evaluating the redesignation
any one particular area in the state. nonattainment area for the 8-hour ozone request under section 107(d) since state
Thus, we do not believe that these standard. Sections 172–176 of the CAA, conformity rules are still required after
requirements should be construed to be found in subpart 1 of Part D, set forth redesignation and Federal conformity
applicable requirements for purposes of the basic nonattainment requirements rules apply where state rules have not
redesignation. In addition, EPA believes for all nonattainment areas. Since the been approved. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.
that the other section 110 elements not SNP area was in attainment for the 1- 3d 426, 438–440 (6th Cir. 2001),
connected with nonattainment plan hour standard at the time of its upholding this interpretation. See also
submissions and not linked with an designation as a basic 8-hour ozone 60 FR 62748 (Dec. 7, 1995).
area’s attainment status are not nonattainment area on April 30, 2004, EPA has also determined that areas
applicable requirements for purposes of no Part D submittals under the 1-hour being redesignated need not comply
redesignation. The Commonwealth will standard were required or made for this with the requirement that a NSR
still be subject to these requirements area. program be approved prior to
after the SNP area is redesignated. The Section 182 of the CAA, found in redesignation, provided that the area
section 110 and Part D requirements, subpart 2 of part D, establishes demonstrates maintenance of the
which are linked with a particular area’s additional specific requirements standard without Part D NSR in effect,

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because PSD requirements will apply EPA may rely on prior SIP approvals in 8-hour Part D requirements applicable
after redesignation. The rationale for approving a redesignation request. for purposes of redesignation have yet
this view is described in a Calcagni Memo, p. 3; Southwestern become due for the SNP area, and
memorandum from Mary Nichols, Pennsylvania Growth Alliance v. therefore they need not be approved
Assistant Administrator for Air and Browner, 144 F. 3d 984, 989–90 (6th Cir. into the SIP prior to redesignation.
Radiation, dated October 14, 1994, 1998), Wall v. EPA, 265 F. 3d 426 (6th
entitled, ‘‘Part D NSR Requirements or Cir. 2001), plus any additional measures 4. The Air Quality Improvement in the
Areas Requesting Redesignation to it may approve in conjunction with a Shenandoah National Park Area Is Due
Attainment.’’ Virginia has demonstrated redesignation action. See 68 FR 25425 to Permanent and Enforceable
that the area will be able to maintain the (May 12, 2003) and citations therein. Reductions in Emissions Resulting From
standard without Part D NSR in effect in The SNP area was in attainment for the Implementation of the SIP and
the SNP area, and therefore, Virginia 1-hour standard at the time of its Applicable Federal Air Pollution
need not have a fully approved Part D designation as a basic 8-hour ozone Control Regulations and Other
NSR program prior to approval of the nonattainment area on April 30, 2004. Permanent and Enforceable Reductions
redesignation request. Virginia’s SIP- Because the area had not previously
approved PSD program will become been designated as nonattainment, no EPA believes that the Commonwealth
effective in the area upon redesignation Part D SIP submittals were previously has demonstrated that the observed air
to attainment in the SNP area. See required. Because there are no current quality improvement in the area is due
rulemakings for Detroit, MI (60 FR SIP submission requirements applicable to permanent and enforceable
12467–12468, March 7, 1995); for the purposes of redesignation of the reductions in emissions resulting from
Cleveland-Akron-Lorrain, OH (61 FR SNP area, the applicable implementation of the SIP, Federal
20458, 20469–70, May 7, 1996); implementation plan satisfies all measures, and other state-adopted
Louisville, KY (66 FR 53665, October pertinent SIP requirements. As measures. Emissions reductions
23, 2001); Grand Rapids, Michigan (61 indicated previously, EPA believes that attributable to these rules are shown in
FR 31834–31837, June 21, 1996). the section 110 elements not connected Table 3. It should be noted that within
with Part D nonattainment plan the SNP area boundaries, no point
3. The Area Has a Fully Approved SIP submissions and not linked to the area’s sources with emissions greater than 10
for the Purposes of Redesignation nonattainment status are not applicable tons per year (tpy) of either VOC or NOX
EPA has fully approved the Virginia requirements for purposes of exist, therefore point source emissions
SIP for the purposes of redesignation. redesignation. EPA also believes that no equal zero.

TABLE 3.—TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR 2002 AND 2004 (TPD)
Year Point Area* Nonroad Mobile Total

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

Year 2002 ...................................................................................... 0 0.390 0.182 0.052 0.624


Year 2004 ...................................................................................... 0 0.375 0.162 0.042 0.579
Diff. (02–04) ................................................................................... 0 ¥0.014 ¥0.020 ¥0.010 ¥0.044

Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)

Year 2002 ...................................................................................... 0 0.212 0.145 0.089 0.446


Year 2004 ...................................................................................... 0 0.204 0.136 0.075 0.415
Diff. (02–04) ................................................................................... 0 ¥0.008 ¥0.009 ¥0.014 ¥0.031
* Area source category includes emissions from motor vehicle refueling.

Between 2002 and 2004, VOC controls such as NLEV and Tier I are significant in improving the SNP
emissions were reduced by 0.044 tpd, programs. These mobile programs area’s air quality.
and NOX emissions were reduced by produced 0.010 tpd of VOC reductions Other regulations, such as the non-
0.031 tpd, due to the following and 0.014 tpd of NOX reductions. road diesel, 69 FR 39858 (June 29,
permanent and enforceable measures Additionally, Virginia has indicated 2004), the heavy duty engine and
implemented or in the process of being in its submittal that the NOX SIP Call vehicle standards, 66 FR 5002 (January
implemented in the SNP area: took effect in 2004. While there are no 18, 2001) and the new Tier 2 tailpipe
subject sources currently located in the standards for automobiles, 65 FR 6698
Programs Currently in Effect SNP area, Virginia’s redesignation (January 10, 2000), are also expected to
(a) National Low Emission Vehicle request explains that the SNP area greatly reduce emissions throughout the
(NLEV); indirectly benefits in terms of improved country and thereby reduce the
(b) Motor vehicle fleet turnover with air quality due to this program. The transported emissions impacting the
new vehicles meeting the Tier 2 VADEQ estimates that between 2003 SNP area monitor. The Tier 2 standards
standards; and, and 2004, emissions of NOX were came into effect in 2004, and by 2030,
(c) Low-sulfur gasoline. reduced from facilities located within EPA expects that the new Tier 2
Virginia has demonstrated that the Virginia and subject to the NOX SIP Call standards will reduce NOX emissions by
implementation of permanent by approximately 7,400 tons during the about 74 percent. EPA believes that
enforceable emissions controls have ozone season (May 1st through permanent and enforceable emissions
reduced local VOC and NOX emissions. September 30th). The VADEQ believes reductions are the cause of the long-
Nearly all of these reductions are that these emission reductions, which term improvement in ozone levels and
attributable to mobile source emission are taking place outside the SNP area, are the cause of the area achieving

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attainment of the 8-hour ozone the SNP area, including area, mobile on- emissions in the SNP area. This
standard. road, and mobile non-road sources for a ‘‘typical’’ year is approximately 20
base year of 2002. The SNP area does percent less than actual emissions
5. The Shenandoah National Park Area
not have any point sources with actual estimated for 2002. Based on this
Has a Fully Approved Maintenance Plan
emissions greater than 10 tpy, therefore information, the SNP area wildfire data
Pursuant to Section 175A of the CAA
they were not included in the emissions were estimated by decreasing the
In conjunction with its request to inventory (see the point source emissions from 2002 downward 20
redesignate the SNP area to attainment discussion). All inventories are based on percent. It should be noted that the
status, Virginia submitted a SIP revision actual emissions for a ‘‘typical summer Shenandoah National Park has a fire
to provide for maintenance of the 8-hour day’’ and consist of a list of sources and management plan that looks forward 5
ozone NAAQS in the area for at least 10 their associated emissions. An years and recommends prescribed
years after redesignation. attainment year of 2004 was used for the burning for the health and well being of
SNP area since it is a reasonable year the wilderness. These 5-year plans are
What Is Required in a Maintenance
within the 3-year block of 2002–2004 conservative in nature; generally
Plan?
and accounts for reductions attributable weather and resource constraints do not
Section 175A of the CAA sets forth to implementation of the CAA allow the full implementation of all
the elements of a maintenance plan for requirements to date. planned fires in any year. The 5-year
areas seeking redesignation from To develop the NOX and VOC base plan tries to manage prescribed burning
nonattainment to attainment. Under year emissions inventories, VADEQ throughout the Shenandoah National
section 175A, the plan must used the following approaches and Park; therefore assuming a growth factor
demonstrate continued attainment of sources of data: larger than 1.0000 would overestimate
the applicable NAAQS for at least 10 (i) Point source emissions—The SNP emissions from this category.
years after approval of a redesignation of area is rural and considered a Class I (iii) On-road mobile source
an area to attainment. Eight years after area. No industrial facilities exist within emissions—The process of estimating
the redesignation, the Commonwealth the Shenandoah National Park on-road mobile source emissions
must submit a revised maintenance plan boundaries. Also, there are no other consists of two components: Vehicular-
demonstrating that attainment will point sources, such as those used for related activity (i.e., VMT) and an
continue to be maintained for the next heating purposes, with actual emissions average rate of pollutant produced as a
10-year period following the initial 10- of more than 10 tpy of either NOX or result of a particular level of activity.
year period. To address the possibility VOC. A complete point source The SNP area traffic data was obtained
of future NAAQS violations, the emissions inventory may be found in from the report entitled, ‘‘NPS Traffic
maintenance plan must contain such Air Emissions Inventory for Monitoring Program, Coverage Count,
contingency measures, with a schedule Shenandoah National Park, which is in and Data Reporting Project for
for implementation, as EPA deems Appendix B of both the maintenance Shenandoah National Park,’’ dated
necessary to assure prompt correction of plan and the redesignation request that March 12, 2004, which is in Appendix
any future 8-hour ozone violations. are in the docket for this proposed B of both the maintenance plan and the
Section 175A of the CAA sets forth the action. The registration database used redesignation request that are in the
elements of a maintenance plan for and maintained by VADEQ also does docket for this proposed action. This
areas seeking redesignation from not contain any sources emitting more report included VMT for 5 roadway
nonattainment to attainment. The than 10 tpy of ozone precursors. segments within Shenandoah National
Calcagni memorandum dated September Because the SNP area lies solely within Park. Since the SNP area only includes
4, 1992, provides additional guidance the boundaries of Shenandoah National the portion of Shenandoah National
on the content of a maintenance plan. Park, EPA believes VADEQ’s Park within the boundaries of Page and
An ozone maintenance plan should assumption that there will be no point Madison Counties, the VMT was
address the following provisions: source growth in this inventory area is adjusted downward to exclude that
(a) An attainment emissions reasonable. occurring outside the SNP area
inventory; (ii) Area source emissions—The area boundary. Based on information found
(b) A maintenance demonstration; source emissions were developed using in the previously cited document,
(c) A monitoring network; the 2002 periodic year stationary area vehicle travel through the Park appears
(d) Verification of continued source emissions inventories along with to have been declining in recent years.
attainment; and growth factors. Before attempting to A pollutant emission rate, associated
(e) A contingency plan. calculate the growth factors, VADEQ with these particular levels of activity,
determined the appropriate annual was estimated using MOBILE6.2
Analysis of the Shenandoah National growth rate representative of each emissions factors. The VADEQ has
Park Area Maintenance Plan industry or indicator. ‘‘Growth Rate’’ provided detailed data summaries to
(a) Attainment Inventory—An refers to the annual percentage of document the calculations of mobile on-
attainment inventory includes the growth that occurs in a category per road VOC and NOX emissions for 2002,
emissions during the time period year. The area source growth rate as well as for the projection years of
associated with the monitoring data estimates also involve the use of current 2004, 2009, and 2015 (shown in tables
showing attainment. The VADEQ local source data, including area 4 and 5 below). The mobile on-road
determined that the appropriate populations and employment data by source emissions projections include
attainment inventory year is 2004. That source type. the National Low Emissions Vehicle
year establishes a reasonable year The 2002 emissions data for forest Program (NLEV), the 2004 Tier 2 and
within the 3-year block of 2002–2004 as fires was developed to estimate wildfire Low Sulfur Gasoline Rule, the 2004 and
a baseline and accounts for reductions emissions. However, 2002 was not 2007 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicle Rules,
attributable to implementation of the considered a typical year for wildfires. and the 2006 Low Sulfur Diesel Rule.
CAA requirements to date. The VADEQ stated that an analysis of 10 (iv) Mobile non-road emissions—The
The VADEQ prepared comprehensive years of fire data was used to develop mobile non-road emissions were
VOC and NOX emissions inventories for a ‘‘typical’’ year’s estimates for wildfire calculated using the NONROAD2004

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model, which incorporates the projected 2015 projected emissions for this area in throughout the SNP area through the
emission reductions resulting from tables 4 and 5 below, which covers the year 2015. A maintenance
EPA’s Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule. demonstration of maintenance for this demonstration need not be based on
The mobile non-road emissions area. EPA has concluded that Virginia modeling. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d
calculated by the model were scaled has adequately derived and documented 426 (6th Cir. 2001); Sierra Club v. EPA,
down based on equipment population the 2004 attainment year VOC and NOX 375 F.3d 537 (7th Cir. 2004). See also 66
data to account for a growth factor of 1.0 emissions for this area. FR 53094, 53099–53100 (October 19,
in the non-road category. The (b) Maintenance Demonstration—On 2001), 68 FR 25430–32 (May 12, 2003).
assumption of no growth is supported September 23, 2005, the VADEQ
by the very nature of the Shenandoah submitted a SIP revision to supplement Tables 4 and 5 specify the VOC and
National Park, which strives to its September 21, 2005 redesignation NOX emissions for the SNP area for
minimize the human footprint on the request. The submittal by VADEQ 2004, 2009, and 2015. The VADEQ
wilderness area, as well as the visitation consists of the maintenance plan as chose 2009 as an interim year in the 10-
data that shows a declining trend in required by section 175A of the CAA. year maintenance demonstration period
Shenandoah National Park visitors since This plan shows maintenance of the 8- to demonstrate that the VOC and NOX
1993. hour ozone NAAQS by demonstrating emissions are not projected to increase
The 2004 attainment year VOC and that current and future emissions of above the 2004 attainment level during
NOX emissions for the SNP area are VOC and NOX remain at or below the the time of the 10-year maintenance
summarized along with the 2009 and attainment year 2004 emissions levels period.

TABLE 4.—TOTAL VOC EMISSIONS FOR 2004–2015 (TPD)


2004 VOC 2009 VOC 2015 VOC
Source category emissions emissions emissions

Mobile 1 ............................................................................................................................ 0.042 0.028 0.019


Nonroad ........................................................................................................................... 0.162 0.109 0.081
Area 2 ............................................................................................................................... 0.375 0.378 0.383
Point ................................................................................................................................. 0 0 0

Total .......................................................................................................................... 0.579 0.514 0.483


1 Includes transportation conformity provisions.
2 Includes vehicle refueling emissions.

TABLE 5.—TOTAL NOX EMISSIONS 2004–2015 (TPD)


2004 NOX 2009 NOX 2015 NOX
Source category emissions emissions emissions

Mobile1 ............................................................................................................................. 0.075 0.047 0.025


Nonroad ........................................................................................................................... 0.136 0.110 0.077
Area ................................................................................................................................. 0.204 0.204 0.204
Point ................................................................................................................................. 0 0 0

Total .......................................................................................................................... 0.415 0.361 0.306


1 Includes transportation conformity provisions.

Additionally, the following mobile precursors, which will have a beneficial (d) Verification of Continued
programs are either effective or due to effect on the air quality in the SNP area. Attainment—The Commonwealth of
become effective and will further Based upon the comparison of the Virginia has the legal authority to
contribute to the maintenance projected emissions and the attainment implement and enforce specified
demonstration of the 8-hour ozone year emissions along with the additional measures necessary to attain and
NAAQS: measures, EPA concludes that VADEQ maintain the NAAQS. Additionally,
• Heavy duty diesel on-road (2004/ has successfully demonstrated that the federal programs such as the NLEV
2007) and low-sulfur on-road (2006); 66 8-hour ozone standard should be program, Tier2/Low Sulfur Gasoline
FR 2001 (January 18, 2001); and maintained in the SNP area. Rule, 2007 On-Road Diesel Engine Rule,
• Non-road emissions standards (c) Monitoring Network—There is and Federal Non-road Engine/
(2008) and off-road diesel fuel (2007/ currently one monitor measuring ozone Equipment Rules will continue to be
2010); 69 FR 39858 (June 29, 2004). in the SNP area. Virginia and the implemented on a national level. These
In addition to the permanent and National Park Service, which operates programs help provide the reductions
enforceable measures, the Clean Air the Big Meadows monitoring station, necessary for the SNP area to maintain
Interstate Transport Rule (CAIR), will continue to operate its current air attainment.
promulgated May 12, 2005, (70 FR quality monitor in accordance with 40 In addition to maintaining the key
25161) should have positive impacts on CFR part 58. Should measured mobile elements of its regulatory program, the
the Commonwealth’s air quality. CAIR, source parameters change significantly Commonwealth will acquire ambient
which will be implemented in the over time, the Commonwealth will and source emissions data to track
eastern portion of the country in two perform a saturation monitoring study attainment and maintenance. The
phases (2009 and 2015) should reduce to determine the need for, and location VADEQ will track the progress of the
long range transport of ozone of, additional permanent monitors. maintenance demonstration by

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periodically updating the emissions population, and point source VOC and equipment until the ozone level drops;
inventory. This tracking will consist of NOX emissions on a yearly basis which (3) Postpone painting projects that use
annual and periodic evaluations. The will serve as an early warning indicator oil based paints or solvents; and (4)
annual evaluation will consist of checks of the potential for a violation. The plan Encourage refueling of vehicles in the
on key emissions trend indicators such also states that comprehensive tracking early morning or late evening hours.
as the annual emissions update of inventories will also be developed every • The Commonwealth would
stationary sources, the Highway 3 years using current EPA-approved implement of one or more of the
Performance Monitoring System methods to estimate emissions, following Virginia’s area source VOC
(HPMS) VMT data reported to the concentrating on areas identified in the regulations throughout the entire SNP
Federal Highway Administration, and less rigorous yearly evaluations as being area: Emission Standards for Portable
other growth indicators. These potential problems. If the 2004 Fuel Container Spillage (9 VAC 5
indicators will be compared to the attainment level emissions for VOC or Chapter 40, Article 42); Emission
growth assumptions used in the plan to NOX is exceeded or is predicted to be Standards for Mobile Equipment Repair
determine if the predicted versus the exceeded, the following measure will be and Refinishing Operations (9 VAC 5
observed growth remains relatively implemented: Chapter 40, Article 48); Emission
constant. The Commonwealth will also • Preparation of a complete and Standards for Architectural and
develop and submit comprehensive thorough VOC and NOX emission Industrial Maintenance Coatings (9 VAC
tracking inventories to EPA every three inventory for the current year. 5 Chapter 40, Article 49); Solvent
years during the maintenance plan (ii) In the event that a violation of the Cleaning (9 VAC 5 Chapter 40 Article
period. For the purpose of performing 8-hour ozone standard occurs at the 47); and Emission Standards for
this tracking function for point sources, Madison County/Big Meadows Consumer Products (9 VAC 5 Chapter
the Commonwealth will retain the monitor—The maintenance plan states 40, Article 50).
annual emission statement requirements that in the event that a violation of the The following schedule for adoption,
for the maintenance area (9 VAC 5–20– ozone standard occurs at the Big implementation and compliance applies
160). Meadows monitor, the Commonwealth to the contingency measures concerning
(e) The Maintenance Plan’s of Virginia, in consultation with EPA the option of implementing either Stage
Contingency Measures—The Region III and the Shenandoah National I vapor recovery requirements or one or
contingency plan provisions are Park, will implement one of the more area source VOC regulations.
designed to promptly correct a violation following measures: • Notification received from EPA that
of the NAAQS that occurs after • The implementation of Stage I a contingency measure must be
redesignation. Section 175A of the Act vapor recovery on the gasoline stations implemented , or three months after a
requires that a maintenance plan located in the SNP area; recorded violation;
include such contingency measures as • The Shenandoah National Park • Applicable regulation to be adopted
EPA deems necessary to ensure that the would expand their implementation of 6 months after this date;
Commonwealth will promptly correct a a series of voluntary, episodic control • Applicable regulation to be
violation of the NAAQS that occurs after measures through an Air Quality Action implemented 6 months after adoption; 1
redesignation. The maintenance plan Day Program (AQADP). The program • Compliance with regulation to be
should identify the events that would will be based upon ozone forecasts achieved within 12 months of adoption.
‘‘trigger’’ the adoption and created for the Shenandoah National The following schedule for adoption,
implementation of a contingency Park by VADEQ meteorological staff. implementation and compliance applies
measure(s), the contingency measures The AQADP would be operated by the to the contingency measures concerning
that would be adopted and Shenandoah National Park in the option of implementing an AQADP.
implemented, and the schedule partnership with the VADEQ. The • Implementation of meteorological
indicating the time frame by which the VADEQ would issue an Air Quality forecasts for the SNP area commencing
state would adopt and implement the Action Day forecast when 8-hour ozone 60 days after a recorded violation.
measure(s). levels are predicted to exceed 0.08 ppm. • Implementation of the AQADP,
The ability of the SNP area to stay in The VADEQ would notify the based on meteorological forecasts
compliance with the 8-hour ozone Shenandoah National Park created by VADEQ, no later than 60
standard after redesignation depends representatives via email no later than 3 days after VADEQ notifies the SNP
upon VOC and NOX emissions in the p.m. of the afternoon before the Superintendent that the meteorological
area remaining at or below 2004 levels. exceedance is forecast. This information forecasts are available.
The Commonwealth’s maintenance plan would also be provided to major media The maintenance plan adequately
projects VOC and NOX emissions to and other interested parties. The addresses the five basic components of
decrease and stay below 2004 levels information would be included on the a maintenance plan: attainment
through the year 2015. The VADEQ Web site, http:// inventory, maintenance demonstration,
Commonwealth’s maintenance plan lays www.deq.virginia.gov/airquality. On monitoring network, verification of
out two situations where the need to days when 8-hour ozone levels are continued attainment, and a
adopt and implement a contingency forecast to exceed 0.08 ppm (code contingency plan. EPA believes that the
measure to further reduce emissions orange or code red days), the maintenance plan SIP revision
would be triggered. Those situations are Shenandoah National Park would
as follows: implement the following actions or 1 In the event that implementation of Stage I

(i) An actual increase of the VOC or similar actions deemed appropriate by vapor recovery is selected as a contingency
measure, Virginia would notify all sources located
NOX emissions above the 2004 the park Superintendent: in the SNP area within 6 months after notification
attainment levels is identified or (1) Encourage employees to decrease received from EPA that the contingency measure
predicted through the development of vehicle use by car pooling and reducing must be implemented, or within three months after
the comprehensive periodic tracking the number of non-essential trips; (2) a recorded violation. The newly subject Stage I
vapor recovery sources would be required to
inventories—The maintenance plan Postpone or decrease the use of mowers, comply with Stage I vapor recovery requirements
states that the VADEQ will monitor the weed eaters, chainsaws, electroshockers, no later than 12 months from the date VADEQ
observed growth rates for VMT, and other similar gasoline engine adopts the regulation.

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submitted by Virginia for the SNP area MVEB can be used by state and Federal attainment year including the safety
meets the requirements of section 175A agencies in determining whether margins are projected to maintain the
of the Act. proposed transportation projects area’s air quality consistent with the 8-
‘‘conform’’ to the state implementation hour ozone NAAQS. The safety margin
VII. Are the Motor Vehicle Emissions
plan as required by section 176(c) of the is the extra emissions reduction below
Budgets Established and Identified in CAA. EPA’s substantive criteria for the attainment levels that can be
the Maintenance Plan for the determining ‘‘adequacy’’ of a MVEB are allocated for emissions by various
Shenandoah National Park Area set out in 40 CFR 93.118(e)(4). sources as long as the total emission
Adequate and Approvable? EPA’s process for determining levels are maintained at or below the
A. What Are the Motor Vehicle ‘‘adequacy’’ consists of three basic steps: attainment levels. Table 6 shows the
Emissions Budgets (MVEBs)? public notification of a SIP submission, safety margins for the 2009 and 2015
a public comment period, and EPA’s years.
Under the CAA, States are required to
adequacy finding. This process for
submit, at various times, control strategy
determining the adequacy of submitted TABLE 6.—2009 AND 2015 SAFETY
SIPs and maintenance plans in ozone
SIP MVEBs was initially outlined in MARGINS FOR THE SHENANDOAH
areas. These control strategy SIPs (i.e. EPA’s May 14, 1999 guidance,
RFP SIPs and attainment demonstration NATIONAL PARK AREA
‘‘Conformity Guidance on
SIPs) and maintenance plans identify Implementation of March 2, 1999,
and establish MVEBs for certain criteria NOX
Conformity Court Decision’’. This VOC emis-
Inventory year emissions
pollutants and/or their precursors to guidance was finalized in the
sions (tpd) (tpd)
address pollution from on-road mobile Transportation Conformity Rule
sources. In the maintenance plan the Amendments for the ‘‘New 8-Hour 2004 Attainment 0.0579 0.415
MVEBs are termed ‘‘on-road mobile Ozone and PM2.5 National Ambient Air 2009 Interim ........ 0.0525 0.371
source emissions budgets.’’ Pursuant to 2009 Safety Mar-
Quality Standards and Miscellaneous gin ................... 0.054 0.044
40 CFR part 93 and 51.112, MVEBs must Revisions for Existing Areas;
be established in an ozone maintenance 2004 Attainment 0.579 0.415
Transportation Conformity Rule 2015 Final ........... 0.493 0.316
plan. A MVEB is the portion of the total Amendments—Response to Court 2015 Safety Mar-
allowable emissions that is allocated to Decision and Additional Rule Change’’ gin ................... 0.086 0.099
highway and transit vehicle use and on July 1, 2004 (69 FR 40004). EPA
emissions. A MVEB serves as a ceiling follows this guidance and rulemaking in The VADEQ allocated 0.010 tpd of the
on emissions from an area’s planned making its adequacy determinations. safety margin to both the 2009 interim
transportation system. The MVEB The MVEBs for the SNP area are listed VOC projected on-road mobile source
concept is further explained in the in Table 1 of this document for the emissions projection and the 2009
preamble to the November 24, 1993, 2004, 2009, and 2015 years and are the interim NOX projected on-road mobile
transportation conformity rule (58 FR projected emissions for the on-road source emissions projection to arrive at
62188). The preamble also describes mobile sources plus any portion of the the 2009 MVEBs. For the 2015 MVEBs
how to establish and revise the MVEBs safety margin allocated to the MVEBs. the VADEQ allocated 0.010 tpd NOX
in control strategy SIPs and These emission budgets, when approved and 0.010 tpd VOC from the 2015 safety
maintenance plans. by EPA, must be used for transportation margins to arrive at the 2015 MVEBs.
Under section 176(c) of the CAA, new conformity determinations. Once allocated to the mobile source
transportation projects, such as the budgets these portions of the safety
construction of new highways, must B. What Is a Safety Margin?
margins are no longer available, and
‘‘conform’’ to (i.e., be consistent with) A ‘‘safety margin’’ is the difference may no longer be allocated to any other
the part of the State’s air quality plan between the attainment level of source category. Table 7 shows the final
that addresses pollution from cars and emissions (from all sources) and the 2009 and 2015 MVEBS for the SNP area.
trucks. ‘‘Conformity’’ to the SIP means projected level of emissions (from all
that transportation activities will not sources) in the maintenance plan. The TABLE 7.—2009 AND 2015 FINAL
cause new air quality violations, worsen attainment level of emissions is the
level of emissions during one of the
MVEBS FOR THE SHENANDOAH NA-
existing violations, or delay timely
years in which the area met the NAAQS. TIONAL PARK AREA
attainment of or reasonable progress
towards the national ambient air quality The following example is for the 2015
NOX
standards. If a transportation plan does safety margin: The SNP area first Inventory year VOC emis- emissions
not ‘‘conform,’’ most new projects that attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS sions (tpd) (tpd)
would expand the capacity of roadways during the 2002 to 2004 time period.
cannot go forward. Regulations at 40 The Commonwealth used 2004 as the 2009 projected on-
CFR part 93 set forth EPA policy, year to determine attainment levels of road mobile
criteria, and procedures for emissions for the SNP area. The total source projected
emissions .......... 0.028 0.047
demonstrating and assuring conformity emissions from area, mobile on-road,
2009 Safety Mar-
of such transportation activities to a and mobile non-road sources in 2004 gin Allocated to
state implementation plan. equaled 0.579 tpd of VOC and 0.415 tpd MVEBs .............. 0.010 0.010
When reviewing submitted ‘‘control of NOX. The VADEQ projected 2009 MVEBs ......... 0.038 0.057
strategy’’ SIPs or maintenance plans emissions out to the year 2015 and 2015 projected on-
containing MVEBs, EPA must projected a total of 0.493 tpd of VOC road mobile
affirmatively find the MVEB budget and 0.316 tpd of NOX from all sources source projected
contained therein ‘‘adequate’’ for use in in the SNP area. The safety margin for emissions .......... 0.019 0.025
determining transportation conformity. the SNP area for 2015 would be the 2015 Safety Mar-
gin Allocated to
After EPA affirmatively finds the difference between these amounts, or
MVEBs .............. 0.010 0.010
submitted MVEB is adequate for 0.086 tpd of VOC and 0.099 tpd of NOX. 2015 MVEBs ......... 0.029 0.035
transportation conformity purposes, that The emissions up to the level of the

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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 213 / Friday, November 4, 2005 / Proposed Rules 67119

C. Why Are the MVEBs Approvable? entity discovers such violations Therefore, EPA has determined that
The 2004, 2009 and 2015 MVEBs for pursuant to a voluntary compliance Virginia’s Privilege and Immunity
the SNP area are approvable because the evaluation and voluntarily discloses statutes will not preclude the
MVEBs for NOX and VOC, including the such violations to the Commonwealth Commonwealth from enforcing its
allocated safety margins, continue to and takes prompt and appropriate program consistent with the Federal
measures to remedy the violations. requirements. In any event, because
maintain the total emissions at or below
Virginia’s Voluntary Environmental EPA has also determined that a state
the attainment year inventory levels as
Assessment Privilege Law, Va. Code audit privilege and immunity law can
required by the transportation
Sec. 10.1–1198, provides a privilege that affect only state enforcement and cannot
conformity regulations.
protects from disclosure documents and have any impact on Federal
D. What Is the Adequacy and Approval information about the content of those enforcement authorities, EPA may at
Process for the MVEBs in the documents that are the product of a any time invoke its authority under the
Shenandoah National Park Area voluntary environmental assessment. Clean Air Act, including, for example,
Maintenance Plan? The Privilege Law does not extend to sections 113, 167, 205, 211 or 213, to
The MVEBs for the SNP area documents or information (1) that are enforce the requirements or prohibitions
generated or developed before the of the state plan, independently of any
maintenance plan are being posted to
commencement of a voluntary state enforcement effort. In addition,
EPA’s conformity Web site concurrent
environmental assessment; (2) that are citizen enforcement under section 304
with this proposal. The public comment
prepared independently of the of the Clean Air Act is likewise
period will end at the same time as the
assessment process; (3) that demonstrate unaffected by this, or any, state audit
public comment period for this
a clear, imminent and substantial privilege or immunity law.
proposed rule. In this case, EPA is
danger to the public health or
concurrently processing the action on IX. Proposed Actions
environment; or (4) that are required by
the maintenance plan and the adequacy EPA is proposing to determine that
law.
process for the MVEBs contained On January 12, 1998, the the SNP area has attained the 8-hour
therein. In this proposed rule, EPA is Commonwealth of Virginia Office of the ozone NAAQS. The EPA is also
proposing to find the MVEBs adequate Attorney General provided a legal proposing to approve the
and also proposing to approve the opinion that states that the Privilege Commonwealth of Virginia’s September
MVEBs as part of the maintenance plan. law, Va. Code Sec. 10.1–1198, precludes 21, 2005 request for the SNP area to be
The MVEBs cannot be used for granting a privilege to documents and designated to attainment of the 8-hour
transportation conformity until the information ‘‘required by law,’’ NAAQS for ozone because the
maintenance plan update and associated including documents and information requirements for approval have been
MVEBs are approved in a final Federal ‘‘required by Federal law to maintain satisfied. EPA has evaluated Virginia’s
Register notice, or EPA otherwise finds program delegation, authorization or redesignation request and determined
the budgets adequate in a separate approval,’’ since Virginia must ‘‘enforce that it meets the redesignation criteria
action following the comment period. Federally authorized environmental set forth in section 107(d)(3)(E) of the
If EPA receives adverse written programs in a manner that is no less CAA. EPA believes that the
comments with respect to the proposed stringent than their Federal redesignation request and monitoring
approval of the SNP MVEBs, or any counterparts. * * *’’ The opinion data demonstrate that the area has
other aspect of our proposed approval of concludes that ‘‘[r]egarding § 10.1–1198, attained the 8-hour ozone standard. The
this updated maintenance plan, we will therefore, documents or other final approval of this redesignation
respond to the comments on the MVEBs information needed for civil or criminal request would change the designation of
in our final action or proceed with the enforcement under one of these the SNP area from nonattainment to
adequacy process as a separate action. programs could not be privileged attainment for the 8-hour ozone
Our action on the SNP area MVEBs will because such documents and standard. EPA is also proposing to
also be announced on EPA’s conformity information are essential to pursuing approve the associated maintenance
Web site: http://www.epa.gov/oms/traq, enforcement in a manner required by plan for this area, submitted on
(once there, click on the ‘‘Conformity’’ Federal law to maintain program September 23, 2005, as a revision to the
button, then look for ‘‘Adequacy Review delegation, authorization or approval.’’ Virginia SIP. EPA is proposing to
of SIP Submissions for Conformity’’). Virginia’s Immunity law, Va. Code approve the maintenance plan for the
VIII. General Information Pertaining to Sec. 10.1–1199, provides that ‘‘[t]o the area because it meets the requirements
extent consistent with requirements of section 175A as described more fully
Submittals From the Commonwealth of
imposed by Federal law,’’ any person above. EPA is also proposing to approve
Virginia
making a voluntary disclosure of the MVEBs submitted by Virginia for the
In 1995, Virginia adopted legislation information to a state agency regarding area in conjunction with its
that provides, subject to certain a violation of an environmental statute, redesignation request. EPA is soliciting
conditions, for an environmental regulation, permit, or administrative public comments on the issues
assessment (audit) ‘‘privilege’’ for order is granted immunity from discussed in this document. These
voluntary compliance evaluations administrative or civil penalty. The comments will be considered before
performed by a regulated entity. The Attorney General’s January 12, 1998 taking final action.
legislation further addresses the relative opinion states that the quoted language
burden of proof for parties either renders this statute inapplicable to X. Statutory and Executive Order
asserting the privilege or seeking enforcement of any Federally authorized Reviews
disclosure of documents for which the programs, since ‘‘no immunity could be Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR
privilege is claimed. afforded from administrative, civil, or 51735, October 4, 1993), this proposed
Virginia’s legislation also provides, criminal penalties because granting action is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
subject to certain conditions, for a such immunity would not be consistent action’’ and therefore is not subject to
penalty waiver for violations of with Federal law, which is one of the review by the Office of Management and
environmental laws when a regulated criteria for immunity.’’ Budget. For this reason, this action is

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67120 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 213 / Friday, November 4, 2005 / Proposed Rules

also not subject to Executive Order In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA’s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
13211, ‘‘Actions Concerning Regulations role is to approve state choices, AGENCY
That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, provided that they meet the criteria of
Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355 (May the Clean Air Act. In this context, in the 40 CFR Part 82
22, 2001)). This action merely proposes absence of a prior existing requirement
[OAR–2003–0228, FRL–7993–2]
to approve state law as meeting Federal for the State to use voluntary consensus
requirements and imposes no additional standards (VCS), EPA has no authority RIN 2060–AN11
requirements beyond those imposed by to disapprove a SIP submission for
state law. Redesignation of an area to failure to use VCS. It would thus be Protection of Stratospheric Ozone:
attainment under section 107(d)(3)(e) of inconsistent with applicable law for Listing of Ozone Depleting Substitutes
the Clean Air Act does not impose any EPA, when it reviews a SIP submission, in Foam Blowing
new requirements on small entities. to use VCS in place of a SIP submission
Redesignation is an action that affects AGENCY: Environmental Protection
that otherwise satisfies the provisions of Agency (EPA).
the status of a geographical area and the Clean Air Act. Redesignation is an
does not impose any new regulatory ACTION: Proposed rule.
action that affects the status of a
requirements on sources. Redesignation geographical area and does not impose SUMMARY: Today the Environmental
of an area to attainment under section any new requirements on sources. Thus, Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
107(d)(3)(E) of the Clean Air Act does the requirements of section 12(d) of the determine that HCFC–22 and HCFC–
not impose any new requirements on National Technology Transfer and 142b are unacceptable for use in the
small entities. Redesignation is an Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. foam sector under the Significant New
action that affects the status of a 272 note) do not apply. As required by Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program
geographical area and does not impose section 3 of Executive Order 12988 (61 under section 612 of the Clean Air Act.
any new regulatory requirements on FR 4729, February 7, 1996), in issuing The SNAP program reviews alternatives
sources. Accordingly, the Administrator to Class I and Class II ozone depleting
this proposed rule, EPA has taken the
certifies that this proposed rule will not substances and approves use of
necessary steps to eliminate drafting
have a significant economic impact on alternatives which do not present a
errors and ambiguity, minimize
a substantial number of small entities greater risk to public health and the
potential litigation, and provide a clear
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 environment than the substance they
legal standard for affected conduct. EPA
U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Because this rule replace or than other available
has complied with Executive Order
proposes to approve pre-existing substitutes. Specifically, EPA is taking
requirements under state law and does 12630 (53 FR 8859, March 15, 1988) by
examining the takings implications of two actions. First, in response to a court
not impose any additional enforceable decision upholding a challenge to EPA’s
duty beyond that required by state law, the rule in accordance with the
July 2002 final rule finding HCFC–22
it does not contain any unfunded ‘‘Attorney General’s Supplemental
and HCFC–142b acceptable subject to
mandate or significantly or uniquely Guidelines for the Evaluation of Risk
Narrowed Use Limits in three foam end
affect small governments, as described and Avoidance of Unanticipated uses, we are proposing to find HCFC–22
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Takings’ issued under the executive and HCFC–142b unacceptable as
of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4). This proposed order. This rule proposing to approve substitutes for HCFC–141b in the foam
rule also does not have a substantial the redesignation of the SNP area to end uses of commercial refrigeration,
direct effect on one or more Indian attainment for the 8-hour ozone sandwich panels, slabstock and ‘‘other’’
tribes, on the relationship between the NAAQS, the associated maintenance foams. Second, in the July 2002 final
Federal Government and Indian tribes, plan, and the MVEBs identified in the rule, EPA withdrew a proposed action
or on the distribution of power and maintenance plan, does not impose an to find HCFC–22 and HCFC–142b
responsibilities between the Federal information collection burden under the unacceptable as substitutes for CFCs in
Government and Indian tribes, as provisions of the Paperwork Reduction all foam end uses. We are now issuing
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). a new proposal to find HCFC–22 and
FR 67249, November 9, 2000), nor will HCFC–142b unacceptable as substitutes
List of Subjects
it have substantial direct effects on the for CFCs in all foam end uses.
States, on the relationship between the 40 CFR Part 52 DATES: Comments on this proposed rule
national government and the States, or must be received on or before December
on the distribution of power and Environmental protection, Air 5, 2005, unless a public hearing is
responsibilities among the various pollution control, Nitrogen oxides, requested. If requested by November 21,
levels of government, as specified in Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping 2005 a hearing will be held on
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, requirements, Volatile organic December 5, 2005 and the comment
August 10, 1999), because it merely compounds. period will be extended until January 3,
proposes to affect the status of a 40 CFR Part 81 2006 by a document published in the
geographical area, does not impose any Federal Register. Inquires regarding a
new requirements on sources, or allow Air pollution control, National parks, public hearing should be directed to the
the state to avoid adopting or Wilderness areas. contact person listed under FOR FURTHER
implementing other requirements, and INFORMATION CONTACT.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
does not alter the relationship or the ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
distribution of power and Dated: October 28, 2005. identified by Docket ID No. OAR–2004–
responsibilities established in the Clean Donald S. Welsh, 0507 by one of the following methods:
Air Act. This proposed rule also is not Regional Administrator, Region III. • Federal eRulemaking portal
subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR [FR Doc. 05–22031 Filed 11–3–05; 8:45 am] www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-
19885, April 23, 1997), because it is not BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
line instructions for submitting
economically significant. comments;

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