JOYCE TRAVELBEE

(19261973)

- She developed Human-to-Human Relationship Model

Life about the Theorist:

-she completed her BSN(bachelor of science in nursing) degree at Louisiana State

University in 1956
-she completed her Master of Science Degree in Nursing at Yale University in
1959
-she became a Psychiatric Nurse Instructor at Depaul Hospital Affilliate school,
New Orleans in 1952
- she also started Doctoral program in Florida in 1973 but she didnt able to finish
it because she died in that year
-Joyce Travelbee died at 47 years old after a brief sickness

Theory Development:

-she based her theory on the concepts of existentialism by Soren Kierkegaard and
logotherapy by Viktor Frankl.
~Existential theory believes that humans are constantly facing choices and
conflicts that accountable on the choice we make in our life
~ Logotherapy theory is confronting the patient and reorienting the patient
about his/her life.

Concepts:

*Suffering - is a feeling of pain in physical or mental discomfort to extreme pain

and extreme tortured

*Nursing - is the person that find meaning in the experience of illness and
suffering ang the one who is responsible on suffering patient/s.

*Communications - is the way of interacting with another person or patient/s.

Without communication , we have no chance to become familiar to the patient
and the patients needs.

*Illness is the state of being not healthy

*Opinion- related to the person's experience of worry someone or something

outside itself, but can also be experienced when the person feels that he still has
value and is meaningful to others.

*Hope - one believe that there can and will happen changes that will lead to
something better with it.

Nursing Metaparadigms:

*Person - is the human being. It can be the nurse or the patient

*Health is subjective and objective

*Environment -is not clearly defined.

*Nursing -the practice to assists an individual, family or community to prevent

illness and suffering

About the theory:

-Relation of a Human being to a Human being

-According to Travelbee, nursing is accomplished through human-to-human
relationships that begin with the original encounter and then emerging of
identities, feelings of empathy, and feelings of sympathy

-The nurse and patient attain a rapport in the final stage.

-This kind of relationship is only been established with an interaction process

through communication

-This theory has five phases:

*Original encounter- it is the first impression of the nurse to the patient and
the patient to the nurse.
*Emerging identities - in this stage , the patient and the nurse begin to
know each other
*Empathy - is the ability of the nurse to feel what the patient's feels or
putting yourself into the patient's shoes.
*How to feel Empathy
-Use your own experience
-Know the thoughts of your patients and their experience
*Sympathy - is the feeling that you care or concern to your patient and
willing to lessen her/his suffering.
*And at last , Establishing mutual understanding and contact/ rapport
Rapport - is earning or getting the trust of a patient and a friendly
relationship between the nurse and the patient.

-These phases are in consecutive and developmental process

-Travelbee's theory had greatly influenced nursing and health care.