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ISSN: 0975-766X
CODEN: IJPTFI
Research Article
*Professor, Botany, Mata Jija Bai Govt. Girls Post Graduate College, Indore
**Professor, Chemistry, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore.
Email: saral_1@yahoo.com
Received on 09-11-2012
Accepted on 12-12-2012
Abstract
Dahlia pinnata is a species of the genus dahlia, belonging to the family Asteraceae. The present study reported the
use of dahlia pinnata flower extract as an acid base indicator in different types of acid base titrations. The
equivalence point obtained by the flower extract coincided with the equivalence
indicators. The results obtained by the flower extract matched with the results obtained by mixed indicator in case of
strong acid and weak base, weak acid and strong base, strong acid and strong base, weak acid and weak base
titration. This natural indicator was found to be a very useful, economic, simple and accurate for the said titration.
Keywords: Dahlia pinnata, acid-base indicator, natural indicator.
Introduction
Flowers are symbolic; they are often regarded as symbol of love or as a token of well wishes. Even animal kingdom
is not untouched by the magic of flowers. Many herbivores feed on them while few birds and insects suck nectar
from these flowers and even provide final product like honey to the world. Flowers also attract the insects for
pollination. Thus flowers are miracle of the nature, by the God, for the world.
Titrimetric analysis refers to quantitative chemical analysis carried out by determining the volume of a
solution of accurately known concentration which is required to react quantitatively with a measured volume of a
solution of the substance to be determined. The process of adding the standard solution until the reaction is just
complete is termed as titration. Acidimetry and alkalimetry include the titration of free bases with a standard acid
and the titration of free acids with a standard base respectively. The reactions involve the combination of hydrogen
and hydroxyl ions to form water. In Europe and America, prior to the discovery of Insulin in 1923, diabetics as well
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calibrated. The equinormal titrations were performed using 10 ml of titrant with five drops of natural indicator.
A set of four experiments each for all the types of acid base titrations were carried out. The t-value and standard
deviation for each type of acid base titrations were calculated from results obtained. The anthocyanins which are
water soluble pigments, generally occur in the aqueous cell sap, and are responsible for the large variety of colours
in flowers such as red, violet, blue. Anthocyanin pigments are amphoteric, their acid salts are usually red and their
metallic salts are usually blue and in neutral solution it is violet. In addition to anthocyanins, the colour of flower
depends on the prescence of co-pigments such as flavones, flavonols etc. and to metal chelation particularly with
iron and aluminium.
Geissman et al., (1952) have applied the term flavonoids to embrace all compounds whose structure is based
on flavone. Thus the anthocyanins are group of flavonoid compounds.
Singh et al., (2010) used Nerium Oleander (Apocynaceae), Tecoma Stans (Bignonaceae), Calatropis gigantea
(Asclepiadaceae), Albizia lebbeck (Mimosaceae) and Cassia fistula (Caesalpiniaceae) flowers as acid base indicator.
The titrant v/s titrand used were NaOH/HCl, HCl/NH4OH, CH3COOH/NaOH and CH3COOH/NH4OH.
Ramling et al., (2010) used flower extract of Bombax malabaricum (Malvaceae) as indicator in acid base
titration. The equivalence point obtained by the flower extract coincided with the equivalence point obtained by
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Titrand
Standard
H2SO4
KOH
H2SO4
NH4OH
CH3COOH
KOH
CH3COOH
NH4OH
Methanolic floral
extract of Dahlia
pinnata
orange to wine red
Pink to red
Pink to red
Pink to yellow
Pink to yellow
orange to yellow
orange to yellow
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Titration
Titrant V/s Titrand
KOH v/s H2SO4
KOH v/sCH3COOH
NH4OH v/s
CH3COOH
Strength in
normality
Methanolic floral
extract of Dahlia t value + S.D*
pinnata as natural
indicator
Aqueous floral
extract of Dahlia t value + S.D*
pinnata as
natural indicator
1.0
PH v/s MFE
2.1213 + 0.17
PH v/s AFE
0.4472+0.27
0.1
PH v/sMFE
1.3422 +0.09
PH v/s AFE
2.6805+0.09
0.5
PH v/s MFE
1.3422 +0.18
PH v/s AFE
1.9424+0.16
1.0
MO v/s MFE
0.8965 +0.09
MO v/s AFE
1.2659+0.12
0.1
MO v/s MFE
2.1276 +0.05
MO v/s AFE
2.2405+0.09
0.5
MO v/s MFE
1.4349 +0.36
MO v/s AFE
0.8965+0.09
1.0
PH v/s MFE
0.8965+0.09
PH v/s AFE
0.4475+0.09
0.1
PH v/s MFE
2.1276+0.05
PH v/s AFE
2.1537+0.09
0.5
PH v/s MFE
2.1276 +0.05
PH v/s AFE
2.2375+0.09
1.0
PR v/s MFE
2.0018 +0.20
PR v/s AFE
1.4556 +0.16
0.1
PR v/s MFE
0.04475+0.09
PR v/s AFE
0.7223+0.05
0.5
PR v/s MFE
2.1276+0.05
PR v/s AFE
0.6334+0.12
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