Simulacion 4

Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Lab Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results

You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly.
1. Which of the following statements about metabolism is false?
You correctly answered: d. All of the energy from metabolism is ultimately stored in the chemical bonds of ATP.
2. Thyroxine is
You correctly answered: c. the most important hormone for maintaining the metabolic rate and body temperature.
3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is
You correctly answered: b. produced in the pituitary gland.
4. An injection of TSH to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: d. goiter development
5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is
You correctly answered: a. secreted by the hypothalamus.
6. Which of the following statements is true?
You correctly answered: b. The hypothalamus primarily secretes tropic hormones that stimulate the secretion of other
hormones.
09/27/15
page 1
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question 1: Make a prediction about the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the remaining rats compared with the BMR
of the normal rat you just measured.
Your answer : b. The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat's BMR will be higher than the normal rat's BMR.
Predict Question 2: What do you think will happen after you inject thyroxine into the three rats?
Your answer : a. The normal rat will become hyperthyroidic and develop a goiter.
Predict Question 3: What do you think will happen after you inject TSH into the three rats?
Your answer : a. The normal rat will become hyperthyroidic and develop a goiter.
Predict Question 4: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a drug that inhibits the production of thyroxine by blocking the attachment of
iodine to tyrosine residues in the follicle cells of the thyroid gland (iodinated tyrosines are linked together to form thyroxine).
What do you think will happen after you inject PTU into the three rats?
Your answer : d. The normal rat will become hypothyroidic and develop a goiter.
Stop & Think Questions:
1h. Calculate the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat using the following equation.
ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour
Enter the oxygen consumption per hour in the field below and then click Submit to display your results in the grid.
You answered: 426 ml O2/hr
1i. Now that you have calculated the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat, you can calculate the metabolic rate per
kilogram of body weight with the following equation (note that you need to convert the weight data from grams to kilograms
to use this equation).
Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr
Enter the metabolic rate in the field below and then click Submit to display your results in the grid.
You answered: 1704 ml O2/kg/hr
09/27/15
page 2

Judging from their basal metabolic rates (an indicator of thyroid function), categorize the rats as hypothyroid (low thyroid
levels; BMR below 1600), euthyroid ("good," or normal, thyroid levels; BMR = 1650-1750), or hyperthryoid (high thyroid
levels; BMR above 1800).
The normal rat is
Your answer : a. hypothyroid
Correct answer: b. euthyroid
The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is
You correctly answered: a. hypothyroid
The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is
levels; BMR above 1800) after the thyroxine injection.
The normal rat is
You correctly answered: c. hyperthyroid
09/27/15
page 3

Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with thyroxine (select all that apply)?
You correctly answered: d. None of the rats developed a goiter with this injection.
levels; BMR above 1800) after the TSH injection.
The normal rat is
Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with TSH (select all that apply)?
You correctly answered: a. the normal rat c. the hypophysectomized rat
levels; BMR above 1800) after the PTU injection.
The normal rat is
09/27/15
page 4

Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with PTU (select all that apply)?
You correctly answered: a. the normal rat
Experiment Data:
Rat
Weight (g)
ml O2/min
ml O2/hr
Normal
Tx
Hypox
Normal
Tx
Hypox
Normal
Tx
Hypox
Normal
Tx
Hypox
250
245
245
250
245
245
250
245
245
250
245
245
7.1
6.4
6.3
8.3
7.9
7.8
7.9
6.3
7.7
6.2
6.3
6.2
426
384
378
498
474
468
474
378
462
372
378
372
BMR
(ml O2/kg/hr)
1704
1536
1512
1992
1935
1910
1896
1543
1886
1488
1543
1518
09/27/15
page 5
Palpation
Injected
No mass
No mass
No mass
No mass
No mass
No mass
Mass
No mass
Mass
Mass
No mass
No mass
none
none
none
Thyroxine
Thyroxine
Thyroxine
TSH
TSH
TSH
PTU
PTU
PTU
Post-lab Quiz Results

1. How would you treat a thyroidectomized animal so that it functions like a "normal" animal?
You correctly answered: c. Provide the animal T4 supplements.
2. As a result of the missing hormone(s) in the hypophysectimized rat, what would be some expected symptoms?
You correctly answered: d. decreased basal metabolic rate
3. An injection of thyroxine to an otherwise normal rat will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: b. hyperthyroidism
4. Why didn't any of the rats develop a goiter after thyroxine injection?
You correctly answered: a. In all cases, TSH levels were not elevated by the thyroxine injection.
5. Why did the normal rat develop a palpable goiter with the TSH injection?
You correctly answered: c. The TSH receptors on the thyroid gland were excessively stimulated.
6. An injection of propylthiouracil to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: b. goiter development
7. Why did the normal rat develop a palpable goiter with the propylthiouracil injection?
You correctly answered: d. The injection decreased the negative feedback mechanism on TSH.
09/27/15
page 6
Review Sheet Results

1. Part 1: Determining the Basal Metabolic Rates
Which rat had the fastest basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Your answer:
rata normal
2. Why did the metabolic rates differ between the normal rat and the surgically altered rats? How well did the results
compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
existe una diferencia debido a que las ratas operadas no pueden secretar TSH, falle en mi prediccion
3. If an animal has been thyroidectomized, what hormone(s) would be missing in its blood?
Your answer:
tiroxina y calcitonina
4. If an animal has been hypophysectomized, what effect would you expect to see in the hormone levels in its body?
Your answer:
sin glandula pitutitaria la tasa metabolica baja
5. Part 2: Determining the Effect of Thyroxine on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the normal rat's BMR?
Your answer:
si aumento pero al palpar no aumento de tamao el bosio entonces falle en mi prediccion
6. What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare
with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of thyroxine in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
incremento y el bosio no aparecio, mi prediccion fue correcta
7. What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case
compare with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of thyroxine in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
incremento y su administracion fue la adecuada
8. Part 3: Determining the Effect of TSH on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) injections on the normal rat's BMR?
Your answer:
genero bosio porque se estimulo demasiado
9. What was the effect of TSH injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare with
the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
Your answer:
casi no tuvo efecto
10. What was the effect of TSH injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare
09/27/15
page 7
with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of TSH in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
la rata se volvio hipertiroidea, al palpar se nota que su bosio tuvo un crecimiento
09/27/15
page 8
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 2: Plasma Glucose, Insulin, and Diabetes Mellitus Lab Report
1. Which of the following statements is false?
You correctly answered: d. Insulin is a hormone secreted into the stomach to aid with starch digestion.
You correctly answered: d. All of these statements are true.
3. A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus implies that
You correctly answered: b. the pancreas is not producing sufficient insulin.
4. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus implies that
You correctly answered: c. the cells of the body are unresponsive to circulating insulin.
5. Glucagon is a hormone
You correctly answered: b. that opposes the action of insulin.
09/27/15
page 1
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question: To measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample
Your answer : b. the optical density of the sample will be measured and the glucose concentration will be extrapolated from
the glucose standard curve.
Why does the color in the tubes vary?
You correctly answered: c. The tubes contain different amounts of glucose.
Experiment Data:
Part 1
Part 2
Tube
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Optical Density
0.30
0.50
0.60
0.80
1.00
0.73
0.79
0.89
0.83
0.96
09/27/15
page 2
Glucose (mg/deciliter)
30
60
90
120
150
159
160
160
160
160

1. A male patient has had successive fasting plasma glucose readings of 115, 110, and 122 mg/dl. The healthcare provider
will inform him that
You correctly answered: c. he appears to have impairment or borderline impairment of insulin-mediated glucose uptake by
his cells.
2. To obtain an accurate spectrophotometric measurement of the glucose concentration in the sample
You correctly answered: d. heparin is added to prevent blood clots.
3. In the spectrophotometric assay used in this experiment, the __________ as the glucose concentration in the sample
increases.
You correctly answered: b. optical density increases
4. A female patient has had successive fasting plasma glucose readings of 130, 140, and 128 mg/dl. The healthcare
provider will inform her that
You correctly answered: a. she has developed diabetes.
5. To maintain plasma glucose homeostasis
You correctly answered: d. insulin-mediated transport of glucose into cells acts as negative feedback when plasma glucose
levels rise.
6. A laboratory technician withdraws a blood sample from a vein in your upper arm knowing that
You correctly answered: b. the plasma glucose concentration will be the same in both the arm vein and the index finger.
09/27/15
page 3

1. What is a glucose standard curve, and why did you need to obtain one for this experiment? Did you correctly predict
how you would measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample using the glucose standard curve?
Your answer:
identifica los niveles de glucosa en sangre, acerte en mi prediccion
2. Which patient(s) had glucose reading(s) in the diabetic range? Can you say with certainty whether each of these
patients has type 1 or type 2 diabetes? Why or why not?
Your answer:
Los pacientes del 2 al 5 estaban en el rango diabtico. Sus condiciones me permitieron evaluar, porque la diabetes tipo 1
es cuando el pncreas no est produciendo suficiente insulina y la tipo 2 es cuando las clulas en el cuerpo no responden
a la insulina que circula.
3. Describe the diagnosis for patient 3, who was also pregnant at the time of this assay.
Your answer:
debe tener dibetes gestacional
4. Which patient(s) had normal glucose reading(s)?
Your answer:
el numero 1
5. What are some lifestyle choices these patients with normal plasma glucose readings might recommend to the borderline
impaired patients?
Your answer:
-tener una dieta controlas para que los niveles de glucosa esten normales
-hacer ejercisio
09/27/15
page 4
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy Lab Report
1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
You correctly answered: d. stimulates ovarian follicle development.
2. Estrogen
You correctly answered: d. is produced by developing ovarian follicles.
3. Calcitonin
You correctly answered: b. works against the development of osteoporosis.
You correctly answered: c. The ovaries stop secreting estrogen after menopause.
09/27/15
page 1
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question 1: What effect will the saline injections have on the control rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The saline injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score).
Predict Question 2: What effect will the estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The estrogen injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score).
Predict Question 3: What effect will the calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The calcitonin injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T
score).
Experiment Data:
Rat
Elapsed Days
Saline injections
Estrogen injections
Control
Estrogen
Calcitonin
7
7
7
7
0
0
0
7
0
09/27/15
page 2
Calcitonin
injections
0
0
7
T score
-2.83
-1.52
-2.26

1. Saline injections were used in this experiment to measure the effect of
You correctly answered: c. a placebo on bone density.
2. In the ovariectomized rats used in this experiment
You correctly answered: d. osteoporosis was evident prior to the injections of estrogen.
3. Injection of calcitonin into an ovariectomized rat will
You correctly answered: b. inhibit osteoclast activity and stimulate calcium uptake and deposition in long bones.
4. As the rat's bone density increases
You correctly answered: a. the X-ray scanning assay reports a less-negative T-score.
09/27/15
page 3

1. Why were ovariectomized rats used in this experiment? How does the fact that the rats are ovariectomized explain their
baseline T scores?
Your answer:
al no tener ovarios no pruduce el estrgeno que participa en el mantenimiento seo,la rata normal tiene osteoporosis y la
rata con estrogeno y con calcitonina tienen osteopenia.
2. What effect did the administration of saline injections have on the control rat? How well did the results compare with
your prediction?
Your answer:
mi prediccion fallo
3. What effect did the administration of estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat? How well did the results
Your answer:
el Tscore aumenta
4. What effect did the administration of calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat? How well did the results
Your answer:
incrementa el tscore
5. What are some health risks that postmenopausal women must consider when contemplating estrogen
hormone-replacement therapy?
Your answer:
-Incontinencia urinaira
-Demencia
-Derrames cerebrales, cogulos de sangre y ataques cardacos
-Cncer de seno
-Cncer de pulmn
-Cncer colorrectal
09/27/15
page 4
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 4: Measuring Cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Lab Report
1. Cortisol
You correctly answered: d. is a hormone important in the body's response to stress.
2. ACTH
You correctly answered: d. is a tropic hormone that stimulates cortisol release.
3. CRH
You correctly answered: b. has a tropic effect on the anterior pituitary gland.
4. Cushing's syndrome refers to
You correctly answered: c. a hypercortisolism, which could be iatrogenic.
5. A condition of hypocortisolism
You correctly answered: d. refers to low levels of cortisol in the blood.
09/27/15
page 1
Experiment Results
Normally high levels of cortisol would inhibit release of
You correctly answered: c. both ACTH and CRH
Which hormone(s) stimulate(s) the pituitary gland to release ACTH?
You correctly answered: a. CRH
Experiment Data:
Patient
1
2
3
4
5
Cortisol
(mcg/dl)
2.95
36.64
44.56
2.56
51.01
High/Low
ACTH
(pg/ml)
18.75
11.12
85.53
95.04
18.44
Low
High
High
Low
High
09/27/15
page 2
High/Low
Low
Low
High
High
Low

1. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted CRH increases, then
You correctly answered: c. the amount of secreted ACTH will increase.
2. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted ACTH increases, then
You correctly answered: d. the amount of secreted CRH will likely decrease.
3. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted cortisol increases, then
You correctly answered: b. the amount of secreted ACTH will likely decrease.
4. If a hypersecreting pituitary tumor develops, then an expected outcome is
You correctly answered: a. a diagnosis of Cushing's disease.
5. If a hypersecreting adrenal cortex tumor develops, then an expected outcome is
You correctly answered: b. abnormally low levels of CRH due to negative feedback.
6. A patient's chart lists the diagnosis of Addison's disease. Therefore, you expect
You correctly answered: b. abnormally high levels of ACTH.
09/27/15
page 3

1. Which patient would most likely be diagnosed with Cushing's disease (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)? Why?
Your answer:
el paciente numero tres porque incrementa ACTH que a la vez incrementa Cortisol
2. Which two patients have hormone levels characteristic of Cushing's syndrome (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)?
Your answer:
el 2 y 5 son los pacientes debido a que el cortisol incrementa en la sangre
3. Patient 2 is being treated for rheumatoid arthritis with prednisone. How does this information change the diagnosis (view
Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)?
Your answer:
tiene el sindrome de cushing iatrogenico
4. Which patient would most likely be diagnosed with Addison's disease (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)? Why?
Your answer:
el paciente numero 4, el cortisol decrece
09/27/15
page 4

Simulacion 4

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Simulacion 4

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Lab Report

Pre-lab Quiz Results

You answered: 1536 ml O2/kg/hr

levels; BMR above 1800) after the thyroxine injection.

The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

Post-lab Quiz Results

Review Sheet Results

Post-lab Quiz Results

Review Sheet Results

Post-lab Quiz Results

Review Sheet Results

Post-lab Quiz Results

Review Sheet Results

You might also like