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Controlling flow over Slender Bodies using passive
Controls:
The super maneuverability and high agility are very important performances for
modern ghter aircraft and tactical missiles. In order to implement these high
performances the aircraft often y at high angles of attack, even at a post stall
state.
One of the most curious, fascinating and infuriating ow problems to have been
encountered in recent years is the body side-force problem. It arises when slender
bodies, typical of missiles and the noses of modern ghter aircraft, are placed at
high angles of attack (typically > 30). Under these conditions, a side force is
generated, even if the body is axisymmetric or at zero sideslip. This phenomenon
was rst discovered by Allen and Perkins in the early 1950s; since then, a great
number of studies in this subject has been carried out and tremendous progress has
been made, and many review papers have been published. However there are still
some very important problems about the asymmetric vortex ow, which are both ill
understood due to the complexity and high non-linearity of the ow and less studied
due to the limitation of wind tunnel equipment.
Strakes as a Passive Control:
The strake is probably the simplest and the most favorable modication that has
been made up to the present time. Strakes on the forebody can force the ow to
separate at different positions from the usual separation points of the ow eld
around the slender nose. The asymmetric vortices in the leeward ow of a missile,
and so the induced side forces and/or yawing moments, can be minimized or even
eliminated by installing small strakes at the appropriate location on the forebody to
control the ow separation point.
Yuan, Chih-Chung(1986) conducted wind tunnel tests on a vertically launched
surface-to-air missile model to investigate the effects of forebody strakes on the
side forces and yawing moments induced by nose-generated asymmetric vortices at
high angles of attack. The effects of body conguration and a turbulent oweld on
the induced side forces and yawing moments were also examined. Test angles of
attack ranged from 00 to 900 at a Reynolds number of 1.15 x 105 based on the
model diameter, and at a Mach number of 0.11. Three forebody congurations, two
body congurations and two oweld conditions were investigated. The oweld
with a turbulence length scale on the order of the vortex scale was found to have no
signicant inuence on the induced side forces and yawing moments. The change of
body conguration had no strong effects on the side forces and yawing moments
either. The "4 STRAKES" forebody demonstrated dramatic results in the yawing
moment alleviation; the ranges of angle of attack in the induced side forces and
yawing moments were also decreased by this modication. The "8 STRAKES"
forebody gave no signicant improvement in the induced side force and yawing
moment reduction.
Nose Blowing: