Church History Chapter 7 Notes

Challenge and Response

Mrs. Caruso’s Class

Chapter 7 Vocabulary:
Reformation

Ninety five theses

Indulgences

Diet of Worms

Reformed Christianity

Presbyterianism

Predestination

Justification by Faith

Council of Trent

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Protestant Reformation:
 Refers to a series of events that took place during the
______________________ _______________________
 Total transformation of the _____________ and ________________
landscape of Western Europe
 Martin Luther:
 A _____________________, a _________, and
____________________ of the Church
 Wrote a local archbishop outlining his position on
theological issues
 Immediate concern – ________________
  Indulgences reduce or eliminate time spent in
purgatory.
 Sent his concerns to several bishops hoping to spark a
scholarly debate.
 Did ______ intend originally to break up the church.

Church Teaching: Indulgences

 We believe in the _________________________________
 Concept of Indulgences points out that Christ, Mary and the
Saints have a built up “___________________________” available to
those who are seeking to make good, having received the
sacrament of Reconciliation and expressed sincere sorrow.
 Reconciliation forgives us, but our sins are not _________________.
 Indulgences reduce the amount of time spent in _________________
for our sins.

The Break with Catholicism:

 1520 – Pope Leo X issued ____________________________.
 Excommunicated Luther unless he retracted his beliefs
 Met some resistance.
 Luther and his students ___________ the papal letter in a bonfire.
 Luther was formally _____________________, making him an outlaw
and in danger of death.
 _______________________:
 Luther appeared and when asked to recant his teachings,
he responded that he could not in good conscience take it
back.
 Emperor signed Edict of Worms, declaring him a heretic

Reasons for Reform:

 Extravagant Lifestyles of Church Leaders:
 .

 Buying and Selling Church offices:

 .

 Poorly Trained and uneducated lower Clergy:

 .

 Spirituality of Laypeople:
 .

 Spirit of the Renaissance:

 .
  Nationalism:
 .

 Discovery of New Lands:

 .

 Invention of the Printing Press:

 .

 Rise of the Middle Class:

 .

2 Protestant Reformers:
 Ulrich Zwingli:
 Advocated _______________ as the sole source of truth
 Denied authority of ___________________
 John Calvin:
 ___________________ form of church leadership.
 __________________:
 We can’t know whether we are among the saved, but
good indications are that we live moral lives and are
industrious members of society.

Differences in Teaching:
 ______________________________________________?
 Luther believed in scripture as the only source of divine
revelation, the Church believes in Scripture and Tradition
 ___________________________________________?
 Luther says that God gives grace and we receive it, the
Church says that we are active participants in receiving
God’s grace. For that reason, sacraments are important to
us.
 ________________________________________________?
 Luther says all Christians are priests by virtue of their faith.
Church needs ordained priests for sacraments and to
represent Christ

Council of Trent:
 Lasted on and off from ______-______
 Addressed abuses and clarified Church Teachings to meet
protestant challenges.
 Reforms to the Priesthood:
  Instructed Popes to be careful in selecting Cardinals
 Bishops were to reside in their diocese, meet with priests
regularly, and visit parishes
 Reaffirmed celibacy for priests.
 They were to wear distinctive clothing so they could be
distinguished from lay people
 Seminaries were instituted for educating and training
priests.
 Church Teaching:
 Restated and clarified longstanding Church Teaching
 Often stated teachings in legalistic terms
 Catechism of the Council of Trent:
 Stated fundamental beliefs in precise terms
 Published in 1566