WORLD CENTRE FOR MATERIALS JOINING TECHNOLOGY

Penetrant Testing
Coursework 3
Enter all answers on the answer sheet
1. A linear indication is observed in a casting at a change in section between thin and
thin material. What is the most probable cause for this bleed out?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.

cold shut
shrink cracks
porosity
hot tear
both B and D are correct
both A and B are correct

2. The simple test blocks, which maybe used to compare two different penetrants are made
from which of the following material
A.
B.
C.
D.

stainless steel
aluminium
titanium
copper

3. Which of the following would be classed as in service fault?

A.
B.
C.
D.

shrinkage crack
fatigue crack
grinding crack
all could be service crack

4. A number of cutting tools were inspected with fluorescent penetrants and showed a number of
fine linear type indications running in all directions on the surface of the carbide tips. What is
the probable cause of these indications ?
A.
B.
C.
D.

lack of bond between tip and tool

cold shuts
grinding cracks
shrinkage crack

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5. What would be the recommended procedure if following development the background

colorations is excessive:
A.
B.
C.
D.

completely re-test the surface using different method

wipe off the developer and re-apply more developer
consult the metallurgical analysts
completely re-test the surface using the initial process

6. Which of the following types of spectacles can be worn to aid contrast?

A.
B.
C.
D.

photochromatic
bifocal
sun glasses
sodium glass

7. BS EN 7773 covers what aspect of dye penetant inspection?

A.
B.
C.
D.

Penetrant inspection of aerospace material and components

Cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces
Glossary of terms
Code of practice for use of penetrants

8. Test pieces for penetrant inspection lines may be:

A. parts with known flaws
B. aluminium blocks that are heated, and then quenched in water to produce a network of
fine cracks
C. shot blasted steel plates
D. all of the above
9. Which of the following documents covers the cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces?
A.
B.
C.
D.

BS 6443
BS EN 7773
COSSH regulations
BS 6072

10. Below what wavelength is electromagnetic radiation considered to be dangerous?

A.
B.
C.
D.

400 nm
365 nm
320 nm
575 nm

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11. Which of the following faults is more likely to be found in a forged product?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

lap
porosity
cold shut
shrinkage
both A and B

12. What temperature shall the water not exceed when removing excess penetrant?
A.
B.
C.
D.

30 C
40 C
60 C
50 C

13. The purpose of vapour degreasing is

A.
B.
C.
D.

To remove oils, greases and organic solids

To remove slag, rust and oxides
To remove paint and dust
To remove dye penetrant prior to development

14. Which of the following penetrant methods is best suited for the testing of large castings?
A.
B.
C.
D.

fluorescent post emulsifiable

visible solvent removeable
visible water washable
fluorescent solvent removeable

15. Penetrants with a high contact angle are considered to be

A.
B.
C.
D.

fluorescent penetrants
ideal penetrant for inspection
combined colour pnetrants
poor penetrant for inspection

16. Prior to viewing fluorescent penetrants in a darkened area the inspector shall allow how long
for their eyes to become accustomed to the dark
A. 15 mins
B. 5 mins
C. 10 mins

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D. 2 mins
17. What is the benefit of using a visible dye penetrant over a fluorescent penetrant?
A.
B.
C.
D.

It is easier to remove the excess background

Greater sensitivity is obtained
No special lighting is required
All the above are benefits

18. Which of the following is not a control check carried out upon a penetrant line system
(tanks)?
A. Fluorescence of developer
B. Fluorescence intensity of penetrant
C. Oven temperature
D. Developer adhesive
19. Wettability is a function of which of the following properties?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Surface tension
Viscosity
Contact angle
All of the above
A and C above

20. What shall be the minimum dwell time if not specified by the manufacture
A.
B.
C.
D.

30 minutes
20 minutes
5 minutes
10 minutes

21. The most common type of contaminant in a line (tank) system is:
A.
B.
C.
D.

metal fillings
oil
detergents ( from cleaning)
water

22. Test pieces for penetrant inspection lines station

A. Parts with known flaws
B. Aluminium blocks that are heated, and then quenched in water to produce a network of
fine cracks

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C. Shot blasted steels

D. All of the above
23. Which of the following discontinuities would be impossible to detect using the penetrant
method?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Forging laps
Grinding cracks
Non-metallic internal inclusions
Crater cracks

24. In a penetrant test, scattered round indications on the surface of a weld would be indicative
of:
A.
B.
C.
D.

fatigue cracks
surface porosity
weld lap
weld spatter

25. Which of the following documents covers the occupational exposure limits for substances
hazardous to health?
A.
B.
C.
D.

BS 6443
COSHH regulations
CP 3012
BS 6072

26. Which of the following is not a control check carried out upon a penetrant line system
(tanks)?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Fluorescence of developer
Fluorescence of penetrant
Penetrant remover efficency
Developer adhesion

27. How would the performance of old and new batches of penetrant chemicals be checked?
A.
B.
C.
D.

By use of a comparator block

By testing a number of samples with both old and new chemicals
By measuring the capillary pressure of two batches
By measuring the viscosity of the new batches

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28. The maximum level of ambient light allowed at the inspection area when using fluorescent
penetrant is:
A.
B.
C.
D.

500 microwatts per square centimeter

800 microwatts per square centimeter
20 lux
10 lux

29. When processing parts through an automated production line, which of the following would
be considered the best method of penetrant application?
A.
B.
C.
D.

dip and drain

automated brush
electrostatic spray
gravity fed spray

30. Which of the following is not a fabrication method of metals:

A.
B.
C.
D.

Casting
Heat treatment
Forging
Welding

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