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HYSICAL . REVIEW
r
VOLUME
1r
11 DECEMBER 1995
75
New High-Intensity
Paul G. Kwiat,
Source of Polarization-Entangled
* Klaus Mattle,
NUMBEP.
24
Photon Pairs
Universitat Innsbruck,
of Physics,
University
of Maryland Baltimore
2I228
0031-9007/95/75(24)/4337(5)$06. 00
ly)
extraordinary
Entangled-state
emission directions
ordinary
IO=)
IA=)
= (IHi, V2)
= (IHt, H2) ~
IV, , H, ))/A,
IVt, Vz))/K2,
(2)
4338
VOLUME
75, NUMBER 24
LETTERS
PH YS ICAL REVIEW
11 DECEMBER 1995
TABLE I. The four EPR-Bell states, the associated coincidence rate predictions, and the measured value of the parame-
S.
ter
UV
Pump
BBO
EPR-Bell state
~p+)
)
Schematic of one method to produce and select the
polarization-entangled
state from the down-conversion crystal.
The extra birefringent crystals Cl and C2, along with the half
wave plate HWPO, are used to compensate the birefringent
walk-off effects from the production crystal. By appropriately
setting half wave plate HWP1 and quarter wave plate QWP1,
one can produce all four of the orthogonal EPR-Bell states.
Each polarizer P1 and P2 consisted of two stacked polarizing
beam splitters preceded by a rotatable half wave plate.
FIG. 2.
sin2(01
sin'(~t
cos (81
cos (01
2.6489 ~ 0.0064
2.6900 ~ 0.0066
2.557 ~ 0.014
2.529 ~ 0.013
+ 02)
|12)
02)
+ 02)
~@ ) states were taken with a single compensating crystal, data for the ~P ) states with a compensating
crystal in each path (see text).
E(91, 02) is
given by [28]
unwanted
S'
C(81, 02)
) C(~1 ~2 ) C(~l t 2) .
J
J
~2 ) + C(~1 02 ) + C(~1 02)
~2
The measured
quality
~ HV-VH
~ HV+VH
9000
Cl
~ I%II
6000
3000
~ pK
0
00
90'
180'
45')
e2 (B, =
1500
~ HH-VV
270'
360
270
360
~ HH+VV
1000
8 500
C
~I%I
0
00
90'
180
e, (B, =-45
FIG. 3. Coincidence
for states
fringes
[V1, H2))/V2; (b) (~H1, H2) ~ [V1, V2))/~2.
VOLUME
75, NUMBER 24
()
'.
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
4340
1995
(1994).
[12] P. G. Kwiat, Phys. Rev. A 52, 3380 (1995).
source of momentum-entangled
[13] One down-conversion
[14]
[17]
[181
[19]
M0077-PHY.
1 l DECEMBER
[20]
[21]
[22]
and M. Revzen,
Phys. Rev.
VOLUME
75, NUMBER 24
11 DECEMBER 1995
[26] It is necessary
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
4341