Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Name
Arvind K
2.
Reg. No.
214-04-11-12192-2163
3.
Course No.
NCP 27
4.
Course Title
5.
Assignment No.
Two
6.
Date of Dispatch
Page 1
ASSIGNMENT
You have been selected as a project manager for a prestigious high
rise building in Mumbai which will be housing very rich personalities from
industry and film world.
Your company management has asked you to formalize Quality
Management System (QMS) for interior finishes, plumbing and prevention
of rain water seepage so that the overall quality standard and image of
company is raised.
Purpose:
The purpose of this document i.e. Quality Assurance Plan is to
establish work methodology for Quality Control and Material engineering for
Construction of High Rise Building in Mumbai for very rich personalities
from industry and film world.
The procedure will outline the methods that will be used in line with
the National Building Codes, Local building codes Specifications for Building
works and the Technical Specifications as per the requirements of the
Engineer or his representatives.
The methodology also defines the standards of workmanship and
requirements for materials necessary for the work.
Scope:
This procedure is applicable to all engineers, workmen, supervisors,
inspectors and quality control personnel engaged in the works for the
Construction of High rise residential apartments in Mumbai. It intends to
correlate and control the tasks pertaining to Quality Control and Materials
testing in compliance with the requirements.
Page 2
and
3.
various design of the project for achieving the same end use and the
most optimal design finally selected. Thus economy, quality and safety
are very closely interlinked in construction process.
5. Quality is expensive. Quality decisions are based on trade-offs
between cost of construction and the benefits derived from the
operations of facility. Once the decision is taken, it has to be backed
by appropriate staff strength, infrastructure and support services.
The management must therefore be committed to quality, participate
in all measures developed to achieve it and lend support to QMS
personnel.
6. QMS is the responsibility of the project authority. The owner or his
representative formulates the policy, determines the scope of quality
planning and management establishes the relationship between the
various participating organizations and delegates responsibility and
authority to them so that the quality objectives set by the owner are
achieved.
Quality Control:
Quality control refers to the technical processes that gather,
examine, analyze and report the projects progress and conformance with
the performance requirements. QC mainly relates to four basic functions:
1. Setting up of standards and specifications.
Page 4
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
Inspection of commissioning.
Page 5
x.
ii.
Commitment
it.
iii.
Competence
quality
understand the price conformance to quality.
iv.
Page 6
v.
Correction
Continuance
Specifications:
The project authorities prepare the process of working out
specifications of various facilities where concrete will be used. However,
the standards and specifications for concrete and its various ingredients
are universally standardized and they are required to be in conformity with
same. Indian standards IS for concrete and its basic ingredients viz.,
cement aggregates coarse and fine, water admixtures and various aspects of
Page 7
Tests:
Tests are used to determine the various properties of the materials,
which help in their selection as well as for ascertaining the quality of final
product. The test results are compared with the prescribed standards and
specifications and judgements are arrived at. Proper methods of sampling,
prescribed procedures of testing, well qualified and trained personnel for
testing work and properly equipped laboratories are necessary.
What to test:
The manufactured goods such as cement and steel carry their
suppliers warrantee but this does not mean that they are not to be tested.
In case of materials like aggregate and water the properties may vary
widely over time and space and proper selection has to done to meet the
engineering requirements.
The raw materials are processed to obtain the final product. The processing
need to be tested and supervised carefully. Some intermediate process may
not be having tests and they cannot be tested and the inadequacies if any
can known only when the final product is tested. In such situation the
testing of final product is important.
Page 8
Page 9
Quality Assurance:
Quality assurance refers to the managerial processes which
determine the organizations design, objectives and resources, the project
team, funding agencies, performance standards and feedback on the project
performance, appropriate actions to deal with deviations and all steps
necessary for promoting quality awareness at all levels and in all parts of the
project organizations.
MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES:
Page 11
Management Commitment:
Top management comprises of CEO, MD, all Directors, all VPs, and
Functional Heads of various departments at Head Office. The leadership
(including In-charges / Managers / Heads) hold key positions at HO,
and Project sites in a matrix organizational structure. Management has
appointed a Management Representative and a Quality Management Cell
for
effective
organization.
implementation
and
monitoring of
QMS throughout
of
top
management
commitment
to
development
and
Customer Focus:
Responsibility: Primary Project In-Charge;
Secondary All Section Heads
Processes are established for customer communication on
suggestions for improvements, information on status of project and
direct meetings. Areas of dissatisfaction / improvements, if any,
are discussed at various levels and informed to project site and
corrective actions taken based on above inputs.
Record the Customer complaint and acknowledge the receipt of the
same within 3 working days.
Discuss the Customer complaint
Assess Results
Inform customer
Reply to Customer complaints with action plan and target dates for
all sections
Quality Policy:
Top management has articulated Quality
Policy
objectives
REFERENCES:
Reference No.
Document
Page 14
Appendix II
Appendix III
Appendix V
Methodology:
Identification of source for raw materials.
The identification for source for raw materials will be on the basis of
proximity from the location of work, conformance of quality of material in
accordance with requirement for the project and commercial viability.
For manufactured products, vendors are to be got approved from the
engineer.
Page 15
supplied for adoption in construction works after due approval from the
Engineer or his representative.
1.
2.
3.
Only slabs and tiles shall be machine cut & factory made. The following
tolerances shall be applied (As per CPWD Specification) in the
dimensions of blocks, slabs & tiles.
Dimension
Length
Width
Thickness
4.
Blocks
+ 2%
+ 2%
+ 2%
Slabs
+ 2%
+ 2%
+ 3%
Tiles
+ 3%
+ 3%
+ 1%
for
physical
properties
shall
be
as
per
CPWD
Specifications as follows:
Characteristics
1. Moisture absorption after
24 hours immersion in cold
water
2. Hardness
3. Specific Gravity
5.
Requirements
Maxm. 0.4%
weight
Minimum 3
Minimum 2.5
Method of Test
by IS: 1124
Mhors scale
IS: 1124
Each stone shall be cut to required size and chisel dressed on all bed
and joints.
6.
7.
15 cm in
The depth of the joints 6 mm from face shall be uniform and as fine
as possible but shall not be more than 1.5 mm thick.
9.
The curing shall be done for a period of at least 7 days. After curing
it shall be rubbed with carborandum stone of different grades
numbers 60,120 & 320 in succession and cleaned & washed with a
solution of oxalic acid.
10.
The length of all four sides shall be measured correct to 0.1 mm and
average length and breadth shall not vary more than +/- 0.8 mm from
specified dimensions. The tolerance for thickness shall be up to +/0.4 mm.
Page 18
3.
Base concrete (RCC slab) shall be cleaned, wetted & mopped. Bedding
of cement mortar (1:3) shall be laid with average thickness 10 mm
while thickness under any portion of the tiles shall not be less than 5
mm.
4.
5.
Tiles shall be soaked in water, washed clean and shall be fixed in this
grout with gentle tapping with wooden mallet.
6.
Brick Work
1.
a)
Efflorescence.
b)
Crushing strength.
c)
Water Absorption.
d)
Dimension Check.
3.
Page 19
No.
of For characteristic specified
Bricks in the for individual bricks
lot
No. of bricks Permissible
to
be no
of
selected
defective in
the sample
2001-10000
20
1
10001-35000 32
2
35001-50000 50
3
Lot size
2001-10000
10001-35000
35001-50000
For
dimensional
characteristic of
group of 20 bricks
No. of bricks to
be chosen
40
60
80
Sampling
size
for
compressive strength, water
absorption & efflorescence
5
10
15
Permissible No.
of defective for
efflorescence
0
0
1
5.
6.
Bricks shall be soaked in water before use for a period for the water
to just penetrate the whole depth of brick.
7.
8.
Page 20
9.
While laying the brickwork the frog should be face up. The joints shall
be racked to an average depth of 10 mm. When plaster or pointing to
be done the joints should be streaked flush.
10.
2.
3.
4.
5.
External drainage
1.
All line out of layout designed for pipelines, manhole and inspection
chambers shall be marked on the ground.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sufficient spun yarn shall be forced into the socket and required
depth should be available for filling the caulking material. If the
caulking material is lead then it shall be poured in one action and when
the lead is thoroughly fluid.
6.
C.I. vent pipe shall be provided at the head of drain and cowl is
provided at the top.
Stoneware pipes
1.
2.
The minimum diameter of the pipes for outside drainage shall not be
less than that specified in the drawing.
3.
The pipe trench for laying the pipes shall be of sufficient width to
have easy jointing and caulking activity. The required gully traps and
manholes shall be provided at the pipe junction as per drawing.
4.
5.
Sufficient time shall be allowed for the joints to set and then
trenches filled, watered and compacted.
Page 22
The pipes shall be checked for specified quality and its water
tightness.
2.
The pipes shall be laid in position with the socket ends facing uphill
irrespective of the direction of flow.
3.
4.
5.
Pipes laid under ground shall be atleast 0.5m below G.L. or as specified
on grads as specified.
2.
3.
After laying pipes same shall be tested under water pressure at least
100 lbs per sq. inch unless otherwise specified or mentioned.
4.
Joints shall be filled with cement or any other specified material with
proper caulking finishing etc.
Page 23
5.
6.
Service pipe or supply pipe shall be connected directly to W.C. All such
suppliers should be connected from cisterns which shall be supplied
from storage tank.
Plastering work
1.
2.
3.
The wall surface shall be thoroughly washed with water, cleaned and
kept wet before plastering is commenced.
4.
5.
6.
Proper line and level with true surface shall be provided for this coat.
7.
8.
9.
The Finish coat shall be applied after the under coat is sufficiently
set, but not dried and in any case within 48 hrs.
10.
Sand for the second coat of plaster shall be sieved with 3.0 mm sieve.
11.
The mortar for 2nd coat shall be in 1:2 cement: sand ratio by volume.
Page 24
12.
The 2nd or the finish coat shall be struck uniformly over the first
coat and firmly pressed and levelled by using a 3.0 to 4.0 mts. Long
aluminum batten.
13.
All the edges, angles, arises and junctions shall be vertical and
horizontal.
14.
When the work is suspended at the end of the day, the plaster shall
be left, cut clean to the line both horizontally and vertically. When
plastering is to be resumed, the edge of the old work shall be scraped,
cleaned and wetted with water before plaster is applied to the
adjacent areas.
15.
16.
The surface of plaster shall be kept wet for at least 7 days and shall
be protected from the sun (covering it by suitable method).
Page 25
(ii)
(iii)
Appendix I
Management of QC / Materials System Flowchart.
Project InCharge
Material
Engineer
QC Engineer Central
Laboratory
QC Engineer Field
Laboratory
QC Engineer Field
Laboratory
Page 26
QC
Supervisor
QC
Supervisor
QC
Supervisor
QC
Supervisor
Page 27
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
As Test
Frequency
Petro
Cl.1007,
graphic
Cl. 1008
examination
of
Coarse
and
fine
aggregate
Page 28
IS 2386 Initially 1
Pt 8
set of 3
specimens
for
each
source of
supply,
subsequent
ly
when
warranted
by change
of source /
quality.
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
Alkali
Aggregate
reactivity
Cl.1007,
Cl. 1008
Page 29
As Test
Frequency
Material
IS 2386 Initially 1
shall
be Pt 7
set of 3
Innocuous
specimens
for
each
source of
supply,
subsequent
ly
when
warranted
by change
of source /
quality.
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Test
Ref.
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Specific
Cl.1007,
Gravity
of Cl.1008
aggregates
-do-
Site lab
IS 2386 Initially 1
Pt 3
set of 3
specimens
for
each
source of
supply,
subsequent
ly
when
warranted
by change
of source /
quality
otherwise
on monthly
basis.
Water
Cl.1007,
absorption
Cl.1008
of
coarse
-do-
Site lab
IS 2386 Initially 1
Pt 3
set of 3
specimens
Page 30
As Test
Frequency
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
and
fine
aggregates
As Test
Frequency
for
each
source of
supply.
Subsequen
tly,
one
test
for
coarse
aggregate
and
two
tests for
fine
aggregate
per day.
Deleterious
Cl.1007,
material for Cl.1008
aggregate.
-do-
External
Page 31
IS 2386 Initially 1
Pt 2
set of 3
specimens
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
Coarse
aggregate
Coal = / < 1%
Clay lump = /
< 1%
Finer
than
75= / < 3%
Total = /
5%
Fine
aggregate
<
Coal = / < 1%
Clay lump = /
< 1%
Finer
than
75= / < 3%
Shale: = / <
1%
Total = /
5%
Page 32
<
As Test
Frequency
for
each
source of
supply,
subsequent
ly
when
warranted
by change
of source /
quality
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
Soundness
Cl. 1007
(5 cycles) of
coarse
aggregate
External
Soundness
(5 cycles) of
fine
aggregate
Page 33
As Test
Frequency
Sodium
IS 2386 Initially 1
Sulphate = / Pt 5
set of 3
< 12%
specimens
for
each
Magnesium
source of
Sulphate = /
supply,
< 18%
subsequent
Sodium
ly
when
Sulphate = /
warranted
< 10%
by change
of source /
Magnesium
quality.
Sulphate = /
< 15%
Remar
ks
In
case
for
aggreg
ate
water
absorp
tion
exceed
s 2%
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
Site lab
Page 34
As Test
Frequency
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Test
Ref.
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Aggregate
Cl. 1007
impact value
of
coarse
aggregate
-do
Flakiness
Cl. 1007
Index
for
coarse
aggregate
Crushed
aggregate
from crusher
or any other
proposed
source.
10
Aggregate
crushing
value
Crushed
aggregate
from crusher
or any other
Cl.1007
Site lab
As Test
Frequency
Page 35
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
11
Gradation
coarse
aggregate
Table
900-6
Crushed
aggregate
from
proposed
source.
As Test
Frequency
for
concrete
wearing
coat.
Site lab.
Subsequently
from
stock
pile at site.
Page 36
IS 2386, Initially
Pt.1
before mix
design for
approval of
source.
Subsequen
tly,
one
test
for
every days
work
of
each
fraction of
coarse
aggregate.
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
12
Gradation
fine
aggregate
Table
900-6
Site lab.
Subsequently
from
stock
pile at site.
Page 37
As Test
Frequency
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
As Test
Frequency
Remar
ks
ced
concre
te.
13
Gradation of
all
in
aggregate
Blended
aggregate
Site lab.
14
Workability Table
of
fresh 900-6
concrete
( slump test)
At concrete At
plant As per table IS 516
batching plant site
and 1700 -4
and site of field
construction.
Page 38
One
test
per
each
vehicle,
both
at
concrete
batching
Values
stated
in
table
1700
4 are
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
As Test
Frequency
plant and
site
of
pouring at
start
of
work.
Subsequen
tly
as
required.
Page 39
Remar
ks
not for
pumpa
ble
concre
te. For
pumpa
ble
concre
te min.
slump
requir
ement
is
around
120
mm.Fo
r
Transi
t
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
As Test
Frequency
Remar
ks
Mixer
minimu
m
slump
is 50
mm
15
Strength of Cl.1716.
concrete
2.3
Cube test
16
Cement
( OPC
grade )
At
manufacturer
s plant.
1.Fineness
Cl.1006
53
Site lab.
As
per
frequency
of
collection
samples.
As per IS As per IS of
MTC
for Except
12269
12269
every
ing
At
batch
of bridge,
manufactur
cement
Cemen
ers lab.
>225 m2/kg
t
of
-doother
Page 40
As
per IS 516
Cl.1716.2.5
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
2.Soundness
<10
(i)Lechatlier
method
-do<0.8
(ii)Autoclave
method
3. Standard
Consistency
4.Temp.durin
g testing
5.Initial
&
Final Setting
time
6.Compressiv
e Strength
At site
At site
At site
27
degree
Celcius
>30
min,<
600 min.
At site
At site
Page 41
>27MPa at 3
days
As Test
Frequency
Remar
ks
grades
also
can be
used
as
approv
ed by
the
Engine
er or
his
repres
entativ
e.
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Chemical
Requirement
s
Test
Ref.
1.Lime
Saturation
Factor
As per
12269
>0.8<1.02
>0.66
<3.0
2.Alumina
iron Ratio
<6.0
3.Insoluble
residue
<3.0
4.Magnesia
<4.0
5.Sulphuric
Anhydride
Not
specified
6.Total loss
on Ignition
Page 42
As Test
Frequency
IS As per IS Frequency
12269
for
External
test:
1 test in 6
Months
MTC
for
every
batch
of
cement
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
7.Total
alkalis
Na2o
Test
Ref.
as
Not
specified
9.Tricalcium
Aluminate
Concrete
admixture
Remar
ks
<0.1
8.Total
chlorides
17
As Test
Frequency
Cl.1012
&
IS:9103
At
manufacturer
s Plant
At
<0.2%*
manufactur
ers Lab.
> 3%*
1.Chloride
content
1*
2.Dry
Material
content
within 2%*
IS 6925
>1%*
Page 43
As per IS
9103
MTC
for
Each
lot/samplin
g
from
every
consignmen
t
Unifor
mity
test
from
extern
al test
house
@
1
test /
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
3.pH value
*All
based
on the value
declared by
the
manufacture
4.Ash
content
5.Relative
Otherdensity
major manufactured products
1.
Reinforceme
nt steel bar
A) Chemical
test
Cl.1009.
3
At
manufacturers
plant
As Test
Frequency
At
manufact
urers lab
Carbon
Sulphur
Phosphorus
Page 44
Fe
Grade
Remar
ks
7000
Lts.
Accept
able
limits
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
B) Physical
test
External
B) Physical
test
0.2% proof
stress
415
N
sqmm.
Elongation
14.5 %
Bend test
Satisfactory
RCC
pipe
Hume
Structural
Cl.1009.
steel
6
sections and
plates
Hot
dip
Galvanised
As Test
Frequency
At
manufacturers
plant
At
manufact
urers lab
As per IS IS 458
458 for
NP4
class
pipe.
At
manufacturers
plant
At
As per 2062 IS 228, -domanufact , GR A, B or IS 1608
urers lab. C
as
applicable
Steel
soil
reinforceme
Page 45
MTC
for
each Lot.
Remar
ks
Appendix II
Sl.
NO
Test
Required
Test
Ref.
At
manufact
urers
lab / lab.
of
specialise
d agency.
c)
Galvanisation
thickness
As Test
Frequency
a)
strips, As
per To
be
grids, sheets designed checked at
dimension random
b)
BS EN IS 228, b)
test
10025
or IS 1608, result for
equivalent of is1559
each lot of
IS 2062
material
c) as per IS 4826
specification
of
specialised
agency.
Page 46
c) do -
Remar
ks
MATERIAL
Brick /
Tile bricks/
Concrete
block
a) Efflorescence
FIELD/
LABORATORY
TEST
Field
b) Water absorption
Laboratory
MIN.
QUANTITY
OF
MATERIAL
REQUIRED
As desired by the
Engineer
-
c) Compressive
Strength
Laboratory
d)
Timber
50,000
required
Engineer.
1 Cum
a) Moisture content
Laboratory
(Oven drying
method)
b) Species
Field
As reqd.
Engineer.
Page 47
nos.
by
FREQUENCY
SAMPLING
OF
TEST/
as
the
From each fresh lot or each
10 cum material one sample.
by
the
MATERIAL
Flush
shutters/
a) Test
for
immersion
Plywood
Flooring
Precast
Terrazzo
Tiles
Glazed tiles
b) Test
for
adhesion
FIELD/
LABORATORY
TEST
end Laboratory
glue Laboratory
MIN.
QUANTITY FREQUENCY OF
OF
MATERIAL SAMPLING
REQUIRED
11 Shutters
6 nos. 0 to 65
13 nos. 66 to 110
20 nos. 111 to 180
As reqd. by the 32 nos. 181 to 300
Engineer
- do - do -
- do - do - do - do -
- do - do - do - do -
- do - do -
3000 nos.
*
As decided by the *
Engineer.
Page 48
12 nos./2000 nos.
6 nos./2000 nos.
6 nos./2000 nos.
8 nos./2000 nos.
TEST/
MATERIAL
Hardness test
FIELD/
LABORATORY
TEST
- do -
MIN.
QUANTITY FREQUENCY
OF
MATERIAL SAMPLING
REQUIRED
- do *
Granite
marble
Fire Doors
Fire test
- do -
1 Door
Steel doors
a) Thickness of steel
b) Sheets
a) Composition of
Alumn. Alloy
b) Powder coating
Field/Lab.
- do Laboratory
Field
As specified.
- do As per BIS.
65 microns.
1 Door
Aluminium
1 Sample
Page 49
OF
TEST/
WATER PROOFING
b)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
NB: The above specification shall also be followed for the roof of
basement.
Page 51
Page 52
Scope of Work
The work shall include waterproofing for the building roofs,
terraces, water tanks, toilets, floor slabs, walls, planters, chajjas, sills
and any other areas and at any other locations and situations as
directed by the Engineer, in accordance with the design, shapes,
thickness, details, all as shown on the Good for Construction
drawings or as specified or as directed by the Engineer complete in all
respects to give the quality of finished work as desired by and to the
entire satisfaction of the Engineer.
The work shall be carried out by an experienced specialist subcontractor who shall be appointed only after prior approval of the
Engineer.
MATERIALS:
Tapecrete
An acrylic based polymer modified cementations composite
coating system manufactured by FRC Composites India Ltd. Or
approved equivalent.
Waterproofing General
The waterproofing treatment shall be done on smooth plastered
surfaces. Portland ordinary cement shall be used for the plastering on
the concrete screed on roofs. The plastered areas shall be cured for a
minimum of 7 (seven) days. Curing shall be done by keeping wet gunny
or burlap or ponding water.
Page 53
Page 54
rectification
/reworks/corrective
action,
By
alternative use,
By degrading or by scraping.
Implement corrective action to eliminate the root cause
of the non - conformity.
Page 56
Project manager
Qualification: Should be Graduate with additional qualification of
masters in Project management from a reputed institute.
Experience: Should have minimum 20 years exp. Out of which
Last five should have worked in similar capacity with lots of
impetus on quality control and assurance.
2.
3.
4.
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6.
7.
Store keeper
Qualification: Should be Graduate from a reputed institute.
Should be versed with latest material management procedures.
Experience: Should have minimum 5-7 years exp. Out of which
last three should have worked in similar capacity monitoring and
controlling quality.
8.
Project manager
Functions & responsibilities: Should be responsible for overall
quality control and assurance as well as for execution. Should
have overall control and command over all implementation of
quality control measures and will have checks for its outcome.
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(7)
Store keeper
Functions & responsibilities: Should be responsible in
implementing quality control and assurance procedure for all
materials brought at site using latest material management
procedures.
Should supervise implementation of quality control measures and
will monitor for its outcome.
(8)
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Reporting to Whom
Project Manager___________ Managing Director
Senior Engineer (QA/QC) Civil________ Project Manager
Engineer (QA/QC) Plumbing and sanitary _______ Senior
Engineer (QA/QC) Civil
Engineer Civil Execution ____________ Project Manager
Junior Engineer (QA/QC) _________ Senior Engineer
(QA/QC) Civil
Junior Engineer Execution Civil ________ Engineer Civil
Execution
Store keeper _____________ Senior Engineer (QA/QC)
Civil
Junior Store keeper ___________ Store keeper
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ii.
iii.
shall
be consistent
with the
Contract
ask
the
Contractor
for
alternative
proposals
or
or incurs additional costs, the Engineer shall take such delay into
account while determining any extension of time to which the
Contractor would be entitled under.
Delays
Failure or delay by the Employer or the Engineer, to hand over
to the Contractor the Site necessary for execution of Works, or any
part of the Works, or to give necessary notice to commence the
Works,
or
to
provide
necessary
Drawings or
instructions
or
This is
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Bibliography/ Readings:
Material from NICMAR
Internet
Quality control manuals of DLF Metro & Delhi Metro.
CPWD Specifications, National Building Codes.
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