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Candidates Name

CTG .

YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE


JC 2 Preliminary Examinations 2010
PHYSICS
HIGHER 2

9745,9646/1
27 August 2010
Friday
1 hour 15 minutes

Paper 1 Multiple Choice


Additional Materials:
Optical Mark Sheet

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.
Write your name and CTG on the Optical Mark Sheet in the spaces provided.
Shade your CTG and Register Number in the space provided.
There are forty questions in this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four
possible answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate
Optical Mark Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Optical Mark Sheet carefully.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

This question paper consists of 20 printed pages.

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Data
3.00 108 m s1
4 107 H m1
8.85 1012 F m1
(1/(36)) 109 F m1
1.60 1019 C
6.63 1034 J s
1.66 1027 kg
9.11 1031 kg
1.67 1027 kg
8.31 J K1 mol1
6.02 1023 mol1
1.38 1023 J K1
6.67 1011 N m2 kg2
9.81 m s2

speed of light in free space,


permeability of free space,
permittivity of free space,

o
o

=
=
=

elementary charge,
the Planck constant,
unified atomic mass constant,
rest mass of electron,
rest mass of proton,
molar gas constant,
the Avogadro constant,
the Boltzmann constant,
gravitational constant,
acceleration of free fall,

e
h
u
me
mp
R
NA
k
G
g

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

ut +

v2
W
p

=
=
=

x
v

=
=
=

u2 + 2as
pV
gh
Gm

r
xo sin t
vo cos t

Formulae
uniformly accelerated motion,
work done on/by a gas,
hydrostatic pressure,
gravitational potential,
Displacement of particle in s.h.m.
velocity of particle in s.h.m.,

resistors in series,
resistors in parallel,

R
1
R

electric potential,
alternating current/voltage,
transmission coefficient

radioactive decay,

decay constant,

1 2
at
2

( x o2 x 2 )

R1 + R2+.
1
1
+
+ ........
R1 R 2
Q

V =
x
T

=
=

where k

4 o r
xo sin t
exp(2kd)

8 2 m(U E )

h2
xo exp(t)

0.693
t1
2

9745,9646/1/JC2Prelims/YJC2010

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What are the base units of specific latent heat of fusion?


A
B
C
D

m2 s-2
kg-1 m2 s2
m2 s2 K-1
kg-1 m2 s2 K-1

The residents of a certain town would like the passenger train service that
passes through the town to make an additional stop at their station.
Graph A (in solid line) shows the time variation of the speed of a train that stops
at the station whereas graph B (in dotted line) is for one that does not stop.

Speed / m s1

Graph B

50.0

Graph A
train leaves
train just arrives

Time / s
70.0

190.0

The total delay in making this additional stop is


A
B
C
D

320.0 s
220.0 s
190.0 s
120.0 s

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320.0

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The time variation of the acceleration of an object is as shown in the graph


below.
At which point is the velocity the greatest?

acceleration
C
B

time
D

The figure below shows the path of a ball leaving the ground at point X and about
to hit the ground at point Z.

initial
velocity

X
If air resistance is negligible, the vertical component of
A
B
C
D

velocity is maximum at Y
displacement is minimum at Y
velocity is the same at X and Z
acceleration is the same at Y as at Z

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ground

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A paratrooper jumps down from an aircraft and falls without significant drag force
for 3 s before opening his parachute.
Which of the following best shows the time t variation of his vertical acceleration
a?
a

t/s

t/s
3

t/s

t/s

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A trolley X of total mass 0.50 kg and speed 6.0 m s1 approaches, head-on,


another trolley Y of total mass 0.60 kg and speed 5.0 m s1 moving in the same
direction along a level track. The collision is elastic with each trolley having a
magnet with the like poles facing each other as shown below.

5.0 m s1

6.0 m s1
X

At some instant during the collision, X is at rest. The speed of Y then is


3.0 m s1
5.0 m s1
6.0 m s1
10 m s1

A
B
C
D
7

A uniform horizontal beam is acted upon by an upward push force, as shown


below, whose magnitude is equal to its weight.

wall

weight

wall

push

The ends of the beam fit into sockets X and Y of two rigid vertical walls which
keep the beam stationary.
Which of the following correctly states the directions of the forces acting on the
beam at X and Y?
Socket X

Socket Y

downwards

upwards

upwards

upwards

downwards

downwards

upwards

downwards

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Two rigid beams, 1 and 2, are fixed to a vertical wall. A stationary load of weight
W is hung from point X where the two beams are joined as shown.

Beam 1

Beam 2

W
Which diagram shows the forces acting at X?

Force in Beam 1

Force in Beam 1

Force in Beam 2

Force in Beam 2

Force in Beam 1

Force in Beam 1

W
Force in Beam 2

Force in Beam 2

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The base area of a barge is 80 m2 and the sides of the barge are vertical. The
depth h to which it rests in fresh water of density 1.0 103 kg m3 is as shown on
the left figure.

barge

h
h

Before

80 m2

After

When further loaded, as shown on the right figure, with 5.0 103 kg of cargo, the
extra depth h to which the barge will rest is
A
B
C
D

10

0.063 m
0.0064 m
5.0 m
610 m

A car of mass 1000 kg, traveling at 20 m s1 on a level road comes to rest in a


distance of 25 m. What is the work done against friction?
A
B
C
D

0.50 kJ
8.0 kJ
200 kJ
250 kJ

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11

A ball of mass m and speed v, rolls up a slope from P to Q, a horizontal distance


d away as shown. The distance PQ measured vertically is r and along the slope
is s .
What is the work done against the weight during the journey?
Q

A
B
C

mgs
mgr
mgd

mg d 2 + r 2

12

A car moves around a horizontal circular track at a constant angular speed .

Car

Top view

Which of the following statements is true about the cars motion?


A
B
C
D

Its linear velocity is constant


Its linear velocity is changing
Its linear acceleration is zero
Its linear acceleration is constant

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10

13

A race car moves at a high speed along a banked circular track, as shown below.
Centre of
circular motion

Race car
Side view

Which of the followings best represents the free-body diagram of the race car?

14

Planet X of mass M and planet Y of mass 3M revolve around a common centre.


The two planets are constantly separated by a distance of D.
Where is this common centre of their rotation?
A

from planet X

from planet Y

from planet X

from planet Y

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11

15

A spring oscillates with a period of 1.0 s at a place where the acceleration of free
fall is g. If it were to oscillate in another place where the acceleration of free fall is
2g, what would be the value of its new period?
A
B
C
D

16

0.5 s
0.7 s
1.0 s
2.0 s

A particle P performs simple harmonic motion between points X and Y which are
4.0 cm apart . The time taken to move from X to Y is 0.8 s. What is the maximum
speed of particle P?
5.0 x 102 m s1
8.0 x 102 m s1
16 x 102 m s1
34 x 102 m s1

A
B
C
D
17

Which one of the following is essential for the equation pV = nRT to be obeyed
by a real gas?
A
B
C
D

18

Changes should be at constant temperature


Changes should take place at constant volume
Pressures should be low
Temperatures must be higher than 273.15 K

Two coherent waves of intensities I and amplitude Y, meet in phase at a point.


Calculate, in terms of I and Y, the intensity and amplitude of the resultant wave at
that point.
Intensity

Amplitude

2I

2Y

4I

2Y

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12

19

Coherent monochromatic light illuminates two narrow parallel slits and the
interference pattern which results is observed on a screen some distance beyond
the slits. Which of the following will not affect the fringe separation of the
interference pattern?
A
B
C
D

20

Using monochromatic light of higher frequency


Increasing the distance between the screen and the slits
Increasing the width of each slit
Increasing the distance between the slits

A thin copper rod is clamped at one end and made to vibrate by a driving force of
variable frequency applied to the free end. At specific frequencies, it is found that
the rod resonates. Which of the following diagram is incorrect, where N and A
represent a nodal and antinodal position respectively?
clamp

clamp

clamp

clamp

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13

21

Which of the following statements about an electric field is incorrect?


A

The electric field strength due to a point charge proportionately with 1/r2
where r is the distance from the charge.

The electric field strength at a point is a measure of the force exerted on a


unit positive charge at that point.

The negative sign in the formula E =

dV
, implies that the field points
dr

in the direction of decreasing potential.


D

22

The electric field strength at a point is equal to the potential gradient at


that point.

A point charge is placed at a point Y in front of an earthed metal sheet X. P and


Q are two points between X and Y as shown in the diagram. Which of the
following mathematical relations between the electric field strengths E at different
points is correct?

point charge

X
A
B
C
D
23

EP = EQ
EP = 0
EP > EQ
EP < EQ

A 10 resistor is connected across a cell of e.m.f 6.0 V and internal resistance


2.0 . How much heat energy is dissipated by the resistor when 2 C of charge
flows through it?
A
B
C
D

2.0 J
10 J
12 J
40 J

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14

24

Five identical resistors of resistance 2.0 are connected as shown below.

R
R

R
R
R

If the resistor R in the middle is removed from the circuit, what is the change in
the effective resistance across PQ?
A
B
C
D
25

Increase by 0.1
Increase by 0.4
Decrease by 0.4
Decrease by 2.0

In the circuit below, four resistors are connected in series with a 12 V battery.
One point along the circuit is earthed as indicated.

12 V

Point Z
2.5

3.0

1.0

2.5

What is the potential at point Z?


A
B
C
D

5.3 V
8.6 V
+ 3.3 V
+ 5.3 V

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15

26

Four identical bulbs labeled 1 to 4 are connected with a cell E in the circuit shown
below.

2
4

3
Which of the followings will increase the brightness of bulb 1?
A
B
C
D
27

Replace the cell E with another cell of lower e.m.f


Remove bulb 2
Connect another bulb in parallel with bulb 2
Connect another bulb in series with bulb 4

A thermistor is connected in series with a fixed resistor of resistance R and a cell


of e.m.f 10 V, as shown in the diagram below.

10 V

VT

When the temperature of thermistor is 20C, its resistance is 5.3 and the
potential difference VT across it is 4.5 V.
What is the value of VT if the temperature of thermistor increases to 60C and the
resistance drops to 3.1 ?
A
B
C
D

1.5 V
2.6 V
3.2 V
3.5 V

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16

28

Two identical magnets A and B are dropped from rest through the middle of a
conducting ring. The ring for B has a small break in it as shown. Which of the
following statements is correct?
N

Magnet B

Magnet A
S

A
B
C
D
29

Magnet A has a smaller acceleration.


Magnet B has a smaller acceleration.
Both magnets fall through with the same acceleration
Both magnets fall through at constant velocity.

A rectangular coil with 200 turns has dimensions 5.0 cm by 4.0 cm. When the coil
is placed in a magnetic field B of 0.35 T and the current, I in the coil is 1.6 A,
what is the value and direction of the maximum torque?
4.0 cm

I = 1.6 A

A
B
C
D

B = 0.35 T
5.0 cm

0.22 N m with the left edge moving into plane of paper


5.6 N m with right edge moving into plane of paper
0.22 N m with right edge moving into plane of paper
11.2 N m with left edge moving into plane of paper

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17

30

The figure below shows the circuit diagram for a half-wave rectifier. The supply to
the rectifier is rated as 50 Hz , 6.0 V r.m.s. What is the average power dissipated in
the load resistor, R = 2.0 .

50 Hz
6.0 Vr.m.s

A
B
C
D
31

9.0 W
18 W
25 W
36 W

Transitions between the lowest three energy levels in a particular atom give rise
to three spectral lines of wavelength, in order of increasing magnitude, 1, 2 and
3. Which of the following correctly relates 1, 2 and 3?
A
B
C
D

32

1 + 2 = 3
1 = 2 + 3
1
1
1
=
+

1
1

White light from a hot source is passed through sodium vapour and viewed
through a diffraction grating.
Which of the following best describes the spectrum seen?
A
B
C
D

Dark lines on a white background


Coloured lines on a white background
Coloured lines on a dark background
Dark lines on a coloured background

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18

33

A beam of electrons are accelerated to hit a metal target and the corresponding
X-ray spectrum is as shown below.

Intensity
I3

I2

2 3

Wavelength

Which of the following statements is true of the features of the spectrum?


A
B
C
D

34

The uncertainty in the de Broglie wavelength of an electron was found to be 1


1010 m. Its uncertainty in position is thus
A
B
C
D

35

1 109 m
1 1010 m
8 1012 m
5 1045 m

In terms of band theory, which of the following is one of the main features which
explains the electrical properties of intrinsic semiconductors?
A
B
C
D

36

Increasing the accelerating voltage increases 1


Changing the type of metal changes 1
Both I2 and 2 decrease when the electron beam is made less intense
I3 includes the number of X-ray photons of wavelength 3 emitted by the
braking radiation process.

More valence electrons


Smaller energy band gap
More holes
More energy levels

Which of the following terms is not applicable to photons produced by stimulated


emission?
A
B
C
D

Coherent
Parallel
In Phase
Polarised

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37

Which of the following is true about extrinsic semiconductors?


A

Extrinsic semiconductors can only be made by doping silicon with either


arsenic or boron.
p-type extrinsic semiconductors are positively charged.
Extrinsic semiconductors have higher conductivity compared to intrinsic
semiconductors.
Extrinsic semiconductors have larger energy band gaps compared to
intrinsic semiconductors.

B
C
D
38

For the same given p-n junction, which circuit below gives the widest depletion
region?

A
p

B
p

C
p

D
p

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20

39

A Thorium-234 nucleus decays and undergoes two beta-particle emissions, one


alpha-particle emission and one unknown emission to form the Radium-226
nucleus.
What could be the unknown emission?
A
B
C
D

40

Alpha-particle emission
Beta-particle emission
Gamma emission
Neutron emission

A stationary uranium nucleus,

238
92

U undergoes radioactive decay with emission

4
2

of a helium nucleus, He of kinetic energy E. What is the kinetic energy of the


daughter nucleus?
A

4
E
234

4
E
238

238
E
4

End Of Paper

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Candidates Name

CTG .

YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE


JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2010

9646/2

PHYSICS
HIGHER 2

19 August 2010
Paper 2

Thursday
1 hour 45 minutes

YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE
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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name and CTG in the spaces at the
top of this page.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on
the question paper.
You must use a soft pencil for any diagrams,
graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue
or correction fluid.
Section A
Answer all questions.
It is recommended that you spend about 1 hour
15 minutes on this section.

For Examiners Use


Paper 2
1
2

/7

/7

/7

/9

/5

/18

/12

Total

Section B
Answer Question 8.
It is recommended that you spend about 30 minutes on this section.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or
part question.
This question paper consists of 17 printed pages

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2
Data
speed of light in free space,
permeability of free space,
permittivity of free space,
elementary charge,
the Planck constant,
unified atomic mass constant,
rest mass of electron,
rest mass of proton,
molar gas constant,
the Avogadro constant,
the Boltzmann constant,
gravitational constant,
Acceleration of free fall

c =
o =
o =
=
e =
h =
u =
me =
mp =
R =
NA =
k =
G =
g =

3.00 108 m s-1


4 10-7 H m-1
8.85 10-12 F m-1
(1/(36)) 109 F m-1
1.60 10-19 C
6.63 10-34 J s
1.66 10-27 kg
9.11 10-31 kg
1.67 10-27 kg
8.31 J K-1 mol-1
6.02 1023 mol-1
1.38 10-23 J K-1
6.67 10-11 N m2 kg-2
9.81 m s-2

Formulae
s = ut + at2

uniformly accelerated motion,

v2 = u2 + 2as
W = pV

work done on/by a gas,


hydrostatic pressure,

p = gh

gravitational potential,

Gm
r

Displacement of particle in s.h.m.

x = xo sin t

velocity of particle in s.h.m.,

v = vo cos t
=

( x o2 x 2 )

resistors in series,

R = R1 + R2+.

Resistors in parallel,

1
R

1
1
+
+ ........
R1 R 2

Q
4 o r

electric potential,

V =

alternating current/voltage,

x = xo sin t

transmission coefficient

8 2 m(U E)
T = exp(2kd), where k =
2

radioactive decay,

x = xo exp(- t)

decay constant,

0.693
t1 / 2

9646(New Syllabus)/2/JC2Prelims/YJC2010

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3
Section A
Answer all questions.
It is recommended that you spend about 1 hour 15 minutes on this section.
1

(a)

State Newtons law of gravitation.

[2]

..
..
..
(b)

A source reported that Singapore plans to launch a satellite that will


orbit around the Earth at 2.5 103 m above its surface in the year
2020. Take the radius of Earth to be 6.38 106 m and mass of
Earth to be 5.97 1024 kg.
(i)

Calculate the linear velocity of the satellite when in orbit. [2]

Linear velocity = .. m s1
(ii)

Deduce whether the satellite is geostationary.

[2]

(iii)

If the satellite were to orbit above the equator, state the


direction of launch, in order to minimize energy required. [1]

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2

Fig. 2.1 shows a potentiometer circuit that can be used to determine the
unknown e.m.f. of a test cell. The driver cell has an e.m.f. of 12 V and
internal resistance of 1.5 . The resistance of the rheostat can vary
between 0.0 and 5.0 and the resistance wire has a length of 1.2 m.
12 V, 1.5

0.0 5.0

1.2 m long
resistance wire

Fig. 2.1
Test cell
(a) When the resistance of rheostat is 2.3 , the balance length is 0.57 m.
When the resistance of rheostat is changed to 3.5 , the balance length
becomes 0.68 m. Calculate the e.m.f. of the test cell and the resistance of
the 1.2 m long resistance wire.
[4]

Emf of test cell = .. V


Resistance of 1.2 m long resistance wire = ..
(b) State what will happen to the balance length if the internal resistance of
the test cell is doubled.
[1]

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(c) Explain why the resistance of the rheostat cannot be higher than a
particular value, if the potentiometer is to be able to determine the
unknown e.m.f.
[2]

A narrow beam of electrons at a speed of 3.2 107 m s1 travels along a


circular path in a uniform magnetic field of flux density, B, as shown in Fig.
3.1 below.

B
incident beam of
electrons

Fig. 3.1
(a) (i) Explain why the electrons undergo uniform circular motion.

[3]

.....
.....
.....
..

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(ii) Show that the speed, v, of the electrons in the field is given by
v=

Ber
m

where r is the radius of the circular path of the beam in the field.

[2]
(iii) The radius of the circular path of the beam in the field was found to be 25
mm. Determine the magnetic flux density of the field.

Flux density = .................... T [2]

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4

A circular coil of diameter 140 mm has 850 turns. It is oriented so that its
plane is perpendicular to a horizontal magnetic field of uniform flux density
45 mT, as shown in Fig. 4.1.
vertical axis

uniform
magnetic
field

coil of 850 turns

Fig. 4.1
(a) Calculate the magnetic flux passing through the coil in this position.

Magnetic flux = .................... Wb [2]


(b)

The coil is rotated through 90 about the vertical axis shown in a time of
120 ms.
(i) Calculate
1. the change of magnetic flux linkage produced by this rotation, and

change of magnetic flux linkage produced = .................... Wb [2]


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2. the average e.m.f induced in the coil during this rotation.

Average e.m.f. induced = .................... V

[1]

(ii) State and explain what will happen to the value of the average e.m.f
induced if the coil is rotated through 360.
..
..
..
........[2]

5 (a) A heating device is designed to operate on either an a.c. or d.c. power supply.
The device has a resistance of 6.0 . Calculate the average power dissipated
in the device when operating at
(i) an a.c. supply of voltage 12.0 V, 50 Hz

average power dissipated = . W [2]

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(ii) a d.c. supply of voltage 12.0 V

average power dissipated = . W [1]


(b) Draw the time t variation of the power P dissipated in the device for both the
a.c. and d.c. supply on the same axes below. Mark values on both axes.
P/W

t/s

[4]
(c) The alternating supply of voltage 12.0 V, 50 Hz is derived from the mains
supply of voltage 230 V, 50 Hz using a transformer, assumed to have 100%
efficiency.
Calculate the primary r.m.s. current when the heating device is in use.

primary r.m.s. current = .. A [2]

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6

In a three-level ruby laser, light of wavelength 550 nm from a flash lamp is


used to excite the atoms in the ruby from ground state E1 to state E3. In
subsequent de-excitations, laser light is emitted. The energy levels are as
shown in Fig. 6.1.
E3

E2*

E1

Fig. 6.1

(a) Draw, on Fig. 6.1, the transition that produces the laser light.

[1]

(b) (i) Explain why a metastable state is required for population inversion.
..
..
[1]
(ii) Explain why population inversion is necessary for lasing to work.
..
..
[1]
(c) Explain the function of the reflective surfaces in the laser.
..
..
..
[2]

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7

Jupiter has many moons with different orbital period T (in days) and
average orbital radius r (in 109 m). Data for six of them are shown in the
table of Fig. 7.1 below.
Moon
Sinope
Leda
Callisto
Europa
Io
Metis

r / 109 m
23.7
11.1
1.88
0.671
0.422
0.128

T / days
758
239
16.7
3.55
1.77
0.295
Fig. 7.1

(a) Suggest why the values of r are averages.

[1]

(b) It is expected that the moons obey the relation


T rn = k

where n and k are constants.


Explain how the relation may be tested by plotting a graph of lg T against
[3]
lg r.

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(c) Some data from Fig. 7.1 are used to plot the graph of Fig. 7.2.
lg (T / days)

4.0
3.5

3.0
2.5

2.0
1.5

1.0
0.5

0.0

lg (r / m)
8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

10.5

11.0

0.5

1.0

Fig. 7.2
(i)

On Fig. 7.2,
1. Plot the point corresponding to Callisto. Label it C.

[2]

2. Draw the line of best fit for the six points.

[1]

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13
(ii)

From (i), determine the magnitudes of the constants n and k.

[4]

n = ..
k = ..

(iii)

Explain whether the answer to (ii) is in agreement with Keplers


Third Law.
[2]

(iv)Another moon, Thermisto has a period of 130 days. Use Fig. 7.2 to
estimate the orbital radius of Thermisto.
[2]

radius = .. m

(v)

Earths moon has an orbital radius of 0.384 109 m.


1. Plot its corresponding point. Label it E.

[2]

2. Suggest why point E deviates from the line of best fit.

[1]

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Section B
It is recommended that you spend about 30 minutes on this section.
8

Students are shown a demonstration illustrating some principles of


electromagnetic induction.
A coil is wrapped around the full length of a vertical Perspex tube through
which a soft iron rod is inserted. An aluminium ring is placed over the
upper end of the rod. When released from rest, the ring falls freely down
the gap between the rod and the Perspex tube. The time taken for the
aluminium ring to fall from the top to the bottom of the Perspex tube is
noted. When an alternating current is passed through the coil, the time
taken for the aluminium ring to fall from the top to the bottom of the
Perspex tube is seen to increase slightly.

aluminium ring
gap
Perspex tube

coil

soft iron rod


Design an experiment to investigate how the time for the aluminium ring to fall
from the top to the bottom of the Perspex tube is affected by a chosen factor of
the experimental arrangement.
You should assume that the normal laboratory apparatus used in schools and
colleges is available. You may wish to draw a diagram to illustrate your answer.

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15
Your answer should contain details of
(a)

the procedure to be followed including which measurements would be


taken,

(b)

how you propose to use your measurements to obtain reliable results for
the investigation.

(c)

any factors you will need to control and how you will do this.

(d)

any particular features of your design which may improve the accuracy of
your experiment.
[12]

Diagram

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END OF PAPER
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Candidates name

CTG .

YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE


JC 2 Preliminary Examinations 2010
PHYSICS
HIGHER 2

9745, 9646/3
26 August 2010

Paper 3
Thursday
2 hours

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.


No Additional Materials are required.

YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE
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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name and CTG in the spaces at the
top of this page.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on
the question paper.
For numerical answers, all working should be
shown clearly.

For Examiners Use


Section A

Section A
Answer all questions.
Section B
Answer any two questions.

/8

/8

/8

/8

/8

Section B

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES


The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at
the end of each question or part question.

/20

/20

/20

Penalty
Total

This question paper consists of 19 printed pages

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2
For
Examiners
Use

Data
3.00 108 m s1
4 107 H m1
8.85 1012 F m1
(1/(36)) 109 F m1
1.60 1019 C
6.63 1034 J s
1.66 1027 kg
9.11 1031 kg
1.67 1027 kg
8.31 J K1 mol1
6.02 1023 mol1
1.38 1023 J K1
6.67 1011 N m2 kg2
9.81 m s2

speed of light in free space,


permeability of free space,
permittivity of free space,

o
o

=
=
=

elementary charge,
the Planck constant,
unified atomic mass constant,
rest mass of electron,
rest mass of proton,
molar gas constant,
the Avogadro constant,
the Boltzmann constant,
gravitational constant,
acceleration of free fall,

e
h
u
me
mp
R
NA
k
G
g

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

v2
W
p

=
=
=

1 2
at
2
u2 + 2as
pV
gh

x
v

=
=
=

xo sin t
vo cos t

R1 + R2+.

1
R

1
1
+
+ ........
R1 R 2

Formulae
uniformly accelerated motion,
work done on/by a gas,
hydrostatic pressure,
gravitational potential,
Displacement of particle in s.h.m.
velocity of particle in s.h.m.,
resistors in series,
resistors in parallel,
electric potential,

V =

alternating current/voltage,
transmission coefficient

x
T
where k

=
=
=

ut +

Gm
r

( x o2 x 2 )

Q
4 o r

xo sin t
exp(2kd)
8 2 m(U E )
h2

radioactive decay,

xo exp(t)

decay constant,

0.693
t1
2

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For
Examiners
Use

Section A
Answer all the questions in this section.
1

A car that is moving along a horizontal road may be considered to have three forces
acting on it as shown in Fig. 1.1 below.

Resultant force Z of road on car


Resultant force Y of
air on car

Fig. 1.1

Resultant force X of Earth on car

(a)

Explain why X and Z are resultant forces.

[2]

(b)

The car and its contents have a total mass of 1200 kg. Force Y is horizontal and
has magnitude 2000 N. If the car is accelerating at 8 m s2, calculate
1.
the magnitude of force Z
2.
the angle that Z makes with the road
[6]

magnitude of Z = .... N
angle = ..
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2

(a)

(i)

For
Examiners
Use

Derive the equation

Ep = mgh
where Ep is the change in potential energy of a mass m moved through a
vertical distance h near the Earths surface.
[2]

(ii)

Explain why the above equation is not valid for masses placed at very
[2]
large distances away from the Earths surface.

......

(b)

(i)

Fig. 2.1 shows data for ethanol.


Density

0.79 g cm-3

Specific heat capacity of liquid ethanol

2.4 J g-1 K-1

Specific latent heat of fusion

110 J g-1

Specific latent heat of vaporisation

840 J g-1

Melting point

-120 oC

Boiling point

78 oC

Fig 2.1
Use the data in Fig. 2.1 to calculate the thermal energy required to convert
1.0 cm3 of ethanol at 20 oC into vapour at its normal boiling point.
[3]

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For
Examiners
Use

Thermal energy required = .... J

(ii)

Suggest why there is a considerable difference in magnitude between its


[1]
specific latent heat of fusion and vaporization.

..
..
..

In the recently opened Universal Studios, one of the roller coaster sections includes a
loop-a-loop that looks like the one shown in Fig. 3.1. The radius of the loop is 18.0 m and
the centre of the loop is 20.0 m from the ground.

18.0 m

Coaster car

(a)

20.0 m

Fig. 3.1

If the mass of a coaster car is 250 kg and there is no support system holding the
car to the track, calculate

(i)

the minimum speed at the top of the loop required for the car to stay in
contact with the track,
[2]

Minimum speed at the top of loop = .. m s1


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For
Examiners
Use

(ii)

the minimum speed the car needs to have when it enters the loop, if the
car loses 15.0 J of energy per unit length of track travelled, and
[3]

Minimum speed when entering loop = m s1

(iii)

the vertical force exerted by the track on the car when the car just enters
the loop.
[2]

Vertical force exerted by track = .. N

(b)

Explain why is the magnitude of the force calculated in (a) (iii) not equal to the
weight of the car.
[1]

...
...

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4

(a)

Explain, using one of the observations of the photoelectric effect experiment, how
the effect illustrates the particulate nature of electromagnetic radiation.
[3]

For
Examiners
Use

...
...
...
...
...

(b)

The lifetime of an electron in the ground state of an atom is very long. Explain why
[2]
this implies that the energy of the ground state is well-defined.

...
...
...
...

(c)

Fig. 4.1 below shows how the potential energy Ep of an -particle varies with
distance r along a line from the centre of a nucleus where Ro is the nuclear radius.
Using this graph, suggest why nuclei that emit high energy -particles have short
half-lives.
[3]

Ep

r
Ro

Fig. 4.1

...
...
...
...
...
...
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For
Examiners
Use

(a)

As temperature increases, a semiconductor has greater conductivity whereas a


resistance wire has greater resistivity. Explain why this is so, in terms of charge
carriers.
[2]

...
...
...
...

(b)

Fig. 5.1 shows the possible energy band structure of an intrinsic semiconductor.
The valence band is completely filled and there is no charge carrier in the
conduction band. Explain in terms of charge carriers and energy band structure
how conduction is possible.
[2]

Conduction band

Valance band

Fig. 5.1

...
...
...
...

(c)

Explain the origin of the depletion region in a p-n junction.

[2]

...
...
...
...

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(d)

Draw a labelled circuit diagram to show how the depletion region of a p-n junction
can be reduced or removed.
[2]

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Use

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For
Examiners
Use

Section B
Answer two questions in this section.
6

(a)

Explain what is meant by simple harmonic motion.

[2]

...
...
...
...

(b)
5.0 cm

Fig. 6.1
Q
water

Fig. 6.1 shows floating beads P and Q, 5.0 cm apart, on the surface of the water. They
will oscillate vertically when a wave passes through from P to Q. The displacement x
versus time t graph of P is shown in Fig. 6.2. The speed of the wave is 2.5 cm s1.

x /cm
2.5

1.0

2.0

3.0

2.5

t /s

Fig. 6.2

(i)

Write an equation to describe the variation of x of P with t.

[1]

(ii)

Calculate the maximum speed of P.

[2]

Maximum speed = .. m s1

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For
Examiners
Use

(iii)

The amplitude of Q is 2.0 cm. Calculate its maximum speed.

[1]

Maximum speed = . m s1

(iv)

Calculate the phase difference between P and Q.

[2]

Phase difference = . radian

(v)

Draw a displacement versus distance graph to show the damping of the


wave from P to Q and beyond.
[2]

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(c)

White light has a wavelength range from 400 nm to 750 nm. A diffraction grating
with 6 105 lines per metre is placed at right angles to a ray of white light and
produces the first and second order spectra as shown in Fig. 6.3.

For
Examiners
Use

Second order spectrum

Fig. 6.3

White light

First order spectrum

(i)

Show, by calculation, that the angle is greater than .

(ii)

Show, by calculation, whether the second order spectrum overlaps with the
[3]
third order spectrum.

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(iii)

State two advantages of analysing the light in the first order spectrum.

[2]

For
Examiners
Use

..
..
..
..

(iv)

State what would be seen at A.

[1]

..

(a)

(i)

Define electric field strength and state the SI unit in which it is measured.
[2]

..
..
..
..

(ii)

Two charged parallel plates are separated by a distance d and have a


potential difference V between them. Write down an expression for the
electric field strength of the uniform field between the plates.
[1]

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(b)

Fig. 7.1 illustrates two plates A and B, at a distance 30 mm apart in a vacuum,


with plate A at a potential of 4.2 V and plate B at a potential of 2.0 V.
Plate A

v2

For
Examiners
Use

4.2 V

v1

30 mm

Fig. 7.1

1
Plate B

2.0 V

(i)

Draw arrows to represent the electric field between the plates.

[1]

(ii)

Calculate the magnitude of this electric field strength.

[2]

Magnitude of electric field strength =

(iii)

An electron, 1 is emitted from plate B in a direction normal to its surface


and moves directly towards plate A. Calculate the minimum velocity, v1
with which the electron needs to be emitted in order to reach plate A. [2]

Minimum velocity = m s-1

(iv)

State, with a reason, how your answer in (b) (iii) may be affected if

1.

the distance between the plates had been halved to 15 mm, while
keeping the potential difference the same.
[2]

.
.
.
..
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2.

For
Examiners
Use

the potential of plate A is changed to + 4.2 V and potential of plate


B is changed to + 2.0 V while keeping the distance between the
plates at 30 mm.
[2]

.
.
.
..

(v)

Another electron, 2 is emitted from plate B with a velocity v2 =


1.1106 m s1 at an angle to the normal as shown in Fig 7.1. Determine
the largest possible angle which would allow the electron to just reach
plate A.
[2]

Largest possible angle = ..

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(c)

The potentials of plates A and B are now changed to + 0.29 V and 0 V


respectively. A charged micro-particle is suspended between the two plates as
shown in Fig. 7.2 below.
Plate A

For
Examiners
Use

+ 0.29 V

30 mm

Fig. 7.2

Plate B

(i)

State the sign of charge present on the particle.

0V

[1]

..

(ii)

Find the charge to mass ratio, q/m of the particle.

[2]

q/m = C kg-1
(iii)

A student claims that the mass of the particle is 72 1019 kg. Based on
[3]
your answer to part (c) (ii), explain why his answer is not valid.

..
..
..
..
..
..

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8

(a)

Explain what is meant by nuclear fission.

[2]

For
Examiners
Use

...
...

(b)

A typical nuclear fission reaction that involves uranium-235 is represented by the


equation
235
92

U + n

92
36

Kr

141
56

Ba + 3 n

Data:
Nucleus
235
92

235.044

Kr

91.910

Ba
n

140.916
1.009

92
36
141
56

(i)

Mass in u

Deduce the number of protons and neutrons in the

92
36

Kr nucleus.
[2]

Number of protons = .
Number of neutrons = .

(ii)

Calculate the energy released, in joules, in the above reaction.

[3]

Energy released = J

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(iii)

235
92

If a nuclear power station uses up


U at a rate of 3.5 10
has an efficiency of 23%, estimate the useful power output.

kg s

and
[3]

For
Examiners
Use

Useful power output = W

(iv)

State two forms of energy of the product particles.

[2]

...
...
...

(c)

Uranium-234 is another isotope of uranium that is radioactive and has a half-life of


2.4 105 years. The daughter nuclei from the decay is Thorium-230 with the
emission of another particle X.

(i)

Define half-life.

[1]

..
..

(ii)

Suggest what X is.

[1]

..

(iii)

Calculate the decay constant of Uranium-234.

[1]

Decay constant = year1

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(iv)

Calculate the activity of a U-234 source after 8.7 10 years if it initially


has 5.5 1026 atoms.
[3]

For
Examiners
Use

Activity = year1

(v)

Describe two applications of radioisotopes.

[2]

..
..
..
..
..

~ END OF PAPER ~

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