1

1.- ABECEDARIO

A continuacin tienes escrito el abecedario en ingls tal y como se pronuncia:

A:ei
B:bi

C:si
D:di

E:i
F:ef
G:yi
H:eich

I:ai

P:pi

W:dabel iu

J:yei

Q:quiu

X:ex

K:key

R:ar

Y:guay

L:el

RR:dabel ar

Z:sed

LL:dabel el

S:es

M:em

T:ti

N:en

U:iu

O:ou

V:vi

2.- NMEROS
1 ONE
2 TWO
3 THREE
4 FOUR
5 FIVE
6 SIX
7 SEVEN

8 EIGHT
9 NINE
11 ELEVEN
12 TWELVE
13 THIRTEEN
14 FOURTEEN
15 FIFTEEN
16 SIXTEEN
17 SEVENTEEN
18 EIGHTEEN
19 NINETEEN
20 TWENTY
21 - TWENTY-ONE
22 TWENTY-TWO
23 - TWENTY-THREE
24 - TWENTY-FOUR
25 TWENTY-FIVE
26 TWENTY-SIX
27 TWENTY-SEVEN
28 TWENTY-EIGHT
29 TWENTY-NINE
30 THIRTY
31 THIRTY-ONE
32 THIRTY-TWO
33 THIRTY-THREE
34 THIRTY-FOUR
35 THIRTY-FIVE
36 THIRTY-SIX
37 THIRTY-SEVEN
38 THIRTY-EIGHT
39 THIRTY-NINE

40-FORTY
41-FORTY-ONE
42-FORTY-TWO
43-FORTY-THREE
44-FORTY-FOUR
45-FORTY-FIVE
46-FORTY-SIX
47-FORTY-SEVEN
48-FORTY-EIGHT
49-FORTY-NINE
50-FIFTY
51-FIFTY-ONE
52-FIFTY-TWO
53-FIFTY-THREE
54-FIFTY-FOUR
55-FIFTY-FIVE
56-FIFTY-SIX
57-FIFTY-SEVEN
58-FIFTY-EIGHT
59-FIFTY-NINE
60-SIXTY
61-SIXTY-ONE
62-SIXTY-TWO
63-SIXTY-THREE
64-SIXTY-FOUR
65-SIXTY-FIVE
66-SIXTY-SIX
67-SIXTY-SEVEN
68-SIXTY-EIGHT
69-SIXTY-NINE
70-SEVENTY
71-SEVENTY-ONE
72-SEVENTY-TWO
73-SEVENTY-THREE
74-SEVENTY-FOUR
75-SEVENTY-FIVE
76-SEVENTY-SIX
77-SEVENTY-SEVEN

78-SEVENTY-EIGHT
79-SEVENTY-NINE
80-EIGHTY
81-EIGHTY-ONE
82-EIGHTY-TWO
83-EIGHTY-THREE
84-EIGHTY-FOUR
85-EIGHTY-FIVE
86-EIGHTY-SIX
87-EIGHTY-SEVEN
88-EIGHTY-EIGHT
89-EIGHTY-NINE
90-NINETY
91-NINETY-ONE
92-NINETY-TWO
93-NINETY-THREE
94-NINETY-FOUR
95-NINETY-FIVE
96-NINETY-SIX
97-NINETY-SEVEN
98-NINETY-EIGHT
99-NINETY-NINE
100- ONE HUNDRED
200- TWO HUNDRED
500- FIVE HUNDRED
700- SEVEN HUNDRED
900-NINE HUNDRED
1000- ONE THOUSAND
3000- THREE THOUSAND
4000-FOUR THOUSAND
6000-SIX THOUSAND
8000-EIGHT THOUSAND
1.000.000-ONE MILLION
10.000.000-TEN MILLION

RECUERDA

100 = HUNDRED
1.000 = THOUSAND
1.000.000 = MILLION

Los nmeros en ingls se escriben igual que en espaol. Se van escribiendo

ordenadamente, segn se vayan leyendo.

EJEMPLOS

3 8 6 = three hundred eighty-six

5 9 1 = five hundred ninety-one

3x100 = three hundred

80 = eighty
6 = six

5x100 = five hundred

90 = ninety
1 = one

2 . 6 7 3 = two thousand six hundred seventy-three

2 x 1.000 = two thousand
6 x 100 = six hundred
70 = seventy
3 = three

Cuando los nmeros van aumentando de tamao, entonces existe un pequeo truco para
escribirlos sin confundirnos, y ste es el siguiente.
Consiste en dividir el nmero en tres partes:
La primera, antes de las unidades, las decenas o las centenas de millar (es decir
antes del MIL)
La segunda parte, es la que tenemos que fragmentar el nmero, es el MIL.
La tercera es la parte que nos queda por escribir.

28 . 4 3 2 = twenty-eight thousand four hundred thirty-two

28 = twenty-eight
. = thousand
432 = tour hundred thirty-two

999 . 999 = nine hundred ninety-nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine

999 = nine hundred ninety-nine
. = thousand
999 = nine hundred ninety-nine

3.- LA FECHA

Para empezar a escribir la fecha en ingls tenemos que conocer cmo se escriben los das
de la semana, los meses y los superndices que acompaan al da del mes.
MESES DEL AO
DAS DE LA SEMANA
Lunes
Martes
Mircoles
Jueves
Viernes
Sbado
Domingo

Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday

Enero
Febrero
Marzo
Abril
Mayo
Junio
Julio
Agosto
Septiembre
Octubre
Noviembre
Diciembre

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

Para escribir la fecha hay que poner al lado del da del mes un pequeo superndice. Este
superndice es el resultado del nmero escrito en ingls de forma ordinal (es decir, en
espaol diramos: el primero, el segundo, el terceroetc).

Vamos a ver qu superndices corresponden a cada da del mes.

DAS DEL MES A LOS QUE
PERTENECE
SUPERNDICES
1, 21, 31
ST (abreviatura de FIRST, que significa PRIMERO)
2, 22
ND (abreviatura de SECOND, que significa SEGUNDO)
3, 23
RD (abreviatura de THIRD, que significa TERCERO)
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,
17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30
TH

Una vez conocidos todos los elementos que tenemos que saber para escribir la fecha,
vamos a explicar cmo se realiza:
1.- Se escribe el da de la semana (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc)
2.- Se escriben el da del mes acompaado por su correspondiente superndice. ( 1ST,
2 ND, 23RD, etc)
3.- Se escribe el mes en el que nos encontramos. (january, february, etc)
4.- Se escribe el ao.

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Ejemplos:

Lunes 1 de enero de 2014: Monday, 1ST of January of 2014

1.- Se escribe el da de la semana: MONDAY
2.- Se escriben el da del mes acompaado por su correspondiente superndice: 1ST
3.- Se escribe el mes en el que nos encontramos: JANUARY
4.- Se escribe el ao: 2014
Martes 2 de febrero de 2014: Tuesday 2ND of February of 2014
1.- Se escribe el da de la semana: TUESDAY
2.- Se escriben el da del mes acompaado por su correspondiente superndice: 2ND
3.- Se escribe el mes en el que nos encontramos: FEBRUARY
4.- Se escribe el ao: 2014
Mircoles 3 de marzo de 2014: Wednesday 3RD of March of 2014
1.- Se escribe el da de la semana: WEDNESDAY
2.- Se escriben el da del mes acompaado por su correspondiente superndice: 3RD

3.- Se escribe el mes en el que nos encontramos: MARCH

4.- Se escribe el ao: 2014
Jueves 25 de abril de 2014: Thursday 25TH of April of 2014
1.- Se escribe el da de la semana: THURSDAY
2.- Se escriben el da del mes acompaado por su correspondiente superndice: 25TH
3.- Se escribe el mes en el que nos encontramos: APRIL
4.- Se escribe el ao: 2014

4.- PLURALES

En ingls solamente se escriben plurales en los SUSTANTIVOS, nunca en los adjetivos.

Existen unas normas para realizar los plurales en los sustantivos y son las siguientes:
1.- Los sustantivos que en ingls acaben en S,SS,SH,CH,X,O para hacer el plural tenemos que
aadir al sustantivo ES.
Ejemplos:

Bus---BusES
Glass---GlassES
Bus---BushES
Church---ChurchES
Box---BoxES
Tomato---TomatoES

2.-Los sustantivos que en ingls acaben en Y y antes hay una CONSONANTE, para hacer el
plural tenemos que quitar la Y y sustituirla por una I y luego aadir ES.
Ejemplos:

Baby---BabIES
City---CitIES

3.-Los sustantivos que en ingls acaben en F o en FE, para hacer el plural tenemos que quitar
la F o la Fe y en su lugar escribir VES.
Ejemplos:

Knife---KniVES
Leaf---LeaVES

4.-En ingls existen unos plurales irregulares que no siguen las normas y que hacen el plural
cambiando la palabra o simplemente no la cambian y son los siguientes:
Man---MEN
Policeman---POLICEMEN
Fish--FISH
Tooth---TEETH
Foot---FEET
Woman---WOMEN
Mouse---MICE
Child---CHILDREN
Sheep---SHEEP

Goose---GEESE
Deer---DEER

Ox---OXEN
Person---PEOPLE

5.-Para todos los dems sustantivos que no estn incluidos en las normas anteriores, el
plural se forma aadiendo al sustantivo una S.
Ejemplos:

Car---CarS
Table---TableS

5.- LA HORA

La hora en ingls tiene muchas semejanzas con la hora en espaol, pero existen unas

pequeas diferencias que a continuacin vamos a explicar.

Antes de explicar los pasos para escribir la hora en ingls vamos a estudiar unos pequeos

detalles que no tenemos que olvidar a la hora de escribir correctamente la HORA en ingls:
Existen algunos minutos que no podemos escribirlos como tal y por tanto tenemos que

escribirlos de la siguiente forma:

* 00 minutos: en ingls (al igual que en espaol) significan en punto y se escriben OCLOCK
Ejemplo: 10:00....It is ten oclock
* 15 minutos: en ingls (al igual que en espaol) significan y cuarto y se escriben A QUARTER
PAST.
Ejemplo: 10:15...It is a quarter past ten
* 30 minutos: en ingls (al igual que en espaol) significan y media y se escriben HALF PAST
Ejemplo: 10:30...It is half past ten

* 45 minutos: en ingls (al igual que en espaol) significan menos cuarto y se escriben A
QUARTER TO
Ejemplo: 10:45....It is a quarter to eleven
Hay que tener en cuenta que el reloj ingls est dividido en dos partes:
1.- La parte que corresponde desde el minuto 0 hasta el minuto 30, en la cual est
incluida la partcula PAST ( que significa los minutos que ya han pasado de la hora)
2.- La parte que corresponde desde el minuto 31 hasta el minuto 59, en la cual est
incluida la partcula TO (que significa los minutos que quedan para la siguiente hora)

Despus de saber estas pequeas cosas vamos a ver cmo se escribe la hora en ingls:
1.- Se escribe IT IS....
2.- Se escriben los minutos que tenemos.
3.- Se escribe la partcula PAST o TO, dependiendo de la zona del reloj donde se
encuentren los minutos.
4.- Se escribe la HORA que tenemos.
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9:14---It is forteen past

Ejemplos: 11:25---It is twenty-five past eleven.

nine

EL NICO CASO en el que PRIMERO escribiremos la HORA antes que los minutos ser

cuando el reloj marque la hora en punto (ya que como no tenemos minutos, pues primero pondremos
la hora).

Ejemplos: 9:00---It is nine oclock

5:00---It is five oclock
ATENCIN!!!!!: cuando los minutos sobrepasen los 30 minutos tenemos que CAMBIAR la

forma de escribir la hora, es decir que cuando el minutero se encuentre entre 31 minutos y 59 minutos
tenemos que hacer lo siguiente:
1.- Escribir IT IS.
2.- Sumarle una hora ms a la que tenemos.
3.- Escribir la partcula TO
4.- Hacer la siguiente resta: de 60 minutos que tiene la hora, tengo que quitarle los
minutos que tengo en mi hora y el resultado son los minutos que tengo que escribir.
Ejemplo: 11:50
1-. It is
2.- Sumo una hora ms a la que tengo: 11+1=12
3.- To
4.- 60 minutos que tiene la hora 50 que tengo =10
CONCLUSIN, la hora que tengo que escribir es 12 10 que en ingls es:
It is ten to twelve.

6.- A/AN/THE
Son artculos indefinidos y se utilizan de distinta forma.

El significado de A y AN es: UN,UNO,UNA.

El significado de THE es: EL, LA, LOS, LAS

Su utilizacin es la siguiente:

* Se utiliza A, cuando la siguiente palabra en ingls empieza por CONSONANTE.

Ejemplo:

a car---un coche
a table---una mesa

* Se utiliza AN, cuando la siguiente palabra en ingls empieza por VOCAL o cuando
empieza por una H muda.
Ejemplo:

an apple---una manzana
an elephant---un elefante
an hour---una hora

Tambin utilizamos A y AN para:

Para hablar de una persona o cosa por primera vez
Para decir el oficio o la profesin
Con la cifras: HUNDRED, THOUSAND, MILLION

Utilizamos THE para:

Referirnos a cosas o personas que ya conocemos o

cuando hay slo un ejemplar
Cuando se habla de tocar un instrumento musical

I have a car (tengo un coche).

She is a doctor (ella es mdico)
a hundred people (ciento/un centenar de personas)
a thousand days (mil/ un millar de das)
a milion euros (un milln de euros)

Put the books on the table. (Pon los libros sobre la mesa)
Ya sabemos de qu libros y de qu mesa se trata, o bien slo
hay esos libros y esa mesa en la habitacin.
He plays the guitar and she plays the violin. (l toca la
guitarra y ella toca el violn)

ATENCIN!!! Fjate que A y AN siempre acompaan a un nombre en singular, mientras

que THE puede acompaar a nombres en singular y en plural.
A table (una mesa)
The table (la mesa)
The tables (las mesas)

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7.- LOS DEMOSTRATIVOS

Los demostrativos sirven para sealar objetos.

Cules son los demostrativos en ingls y cmo se utilizan?:

DEMOSTRATIVOS
SINGULAR
PLURAL

CERCA
THIS (este, esta, esto)
THESE (estos, estas)

LEJOS
THAT (ese, esa, eso)
THOSE (esos, esas)

THIS y THESE se refieren a cosas cercanas, mientras que THAT y THOSE sealan objetos
ms lejanos a nosotros.

8.- LOS ADJETIVOS POSESIVOS

Los adjetivos posesivos acompaan al nombre diciendo a quin pertenece.

It is my bike (esta es mi bici)

Los adjetivos posesivos son los siguientes:

MY
YOUR
HIS
HER
ITS
OUR
YOUR
THEIR

ADJETIVOS POSESIVOS
MI
My book (mi libro)
TU
Your pencil (tu lpiz)
SU (de l)
His umbrella (su paragas)
SU (de el a)
Her home (su casa)
SU (de cosa o animal)
Its necklace (su collar)
NUESTRO
Our dress (nuestro vestido)
Your garden (vuestro jardn)
VUESTRO
SU (de ellos o de ellas)

Their pen (su boli)

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9.- LOS ADJETIVOS

Los adjetivos en ingls sirven para describir a las personas y las cosas.

Los adjetivos en ingls son invariables, qu queremos decir con esto?, pues que no
cambian cuando estn en masculino o cuando estn en femenino, sino que se escriben de
la misma forma para masculino y para femenino.

Los adjetivos de nacionalidad SIEMPRE se escriben con MAYSCULAS:

American- americano/a

Indian- indio/a

Spanish-espaol/a
Russian-ruso/a

German- alemn/a
French-francs/a

El adjetivo puede ir en distintas posiciones:

ADJETIVO + NOMBRE
Fjate que en espaol el adjetivo se pone tras el
nombre, y puede ponerse en plural. Pues en ingls
NO.

VERBO + ADJETIVO
Con los verbos BE (ser o estar), LOOK (mirar o
parecer), TASTE (saber o tener sabor a), SMELL (oler),
SOUND (sonar), FEEL (sentir o sentirse)

Portuguese-portugus/a

Greek-griego/a

English-ingls/a
Japanese-japons/a

Chinese-chino/a
Polish-polaco/a

1
2

I like this expensive t-shirts (estas camisetas

caras me gustan)
They are tall (ellos son altos)
The children look happy (los nios parecen
felices)

It is a beautiful dog (es un perro bonito)

10.- THERE IS/THERE ARE

THERE IS y THERE ARE significan HAY

Utilizamos THERE IS con un nombre singular

There is a chocolate cake in the basket (hay un pastel de chocolate en la cesta)

Utilizamos THERE ARE con un nombre plural

There are four pears in the basket (hay cuatro peras en la cesta)

Sus formas son las siguientes:

AFIRMATIVA

NEGATIVA

Forma larga

Forma corta

Significado

Forma larga

THERE IS

THERES

HAY
(singular)

THERE IS
NOT
THERE
ARE NOT

THERE ARE

INTERROGATIVA
AFIRMATIVA

HAY (plural)

Forma corta

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Forma
larga
THERE ISN NO HAY
T
(singular)
THERE
NO HAY
ARENT
(plural)

Significado

Significado
IS
THERE?
ARE
THERE?

HAY?

(singular)

HAY?

(plural)

11.- PRONOMBRES PERSONALES SUJETOS

Vamos a empezar por conocer los equivalentes en ingls de los pronombres personales en
castellano:
Yo
T
l
El a
El o (animales o cosas)
Nosotros
Vosotros
Ellos/ellas

Su colocacin en la frase suele ser al comienzo de la misma:

I have a dog.
You are my brother.

Yo tengo un perro
T eres mi hermano

El pronombre personal tiene que concordar con el verbo, no obstante, los verbos ingleses,
salvo los auxiliares, no varan, excepto en la tercera persona del singular:
I eat apples.
You eat apples.
He eats apples.

I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
YOU
THEY

Yo como manzanas
T comes manzanas
l come manzanas

El pronombre "it" (3 persona singular) se utiliza para objetos, el tiempo, la hora, los das y
la fecha, las distancias y animales, aunque a veces con estos ltimos se utiliza "he" (l) o
"she" (ella):
I have a car. It is red.

Yo tengo un coche. Ello es rojo

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12.- VERBO "To be"

El verbo "to be" en ingls es el equivalente a los verbos "ser" y "estar" en castellano. Su
declinacin en el presente del indicativo (simple present) es la siguiente:

Vamos a estudiar sus distintas formas (en afirmativa, en negativa y en interrogativa) y cmo
se contrae.
FORMA AFIRMATIVA

FORMA NEGATIVA

Forma larga

Forma corta

Significado

Forma larga

Forma corta

I am

Im

Yo Soy/estoy

I am not

Im not

You are

Youre

Tu eres/ests

You are not

He is

Hes

l es/est

She is

Shes

It is

FORMA INTERROGATIVA
Forma larga

Significado

Am I?

Soy/estoy yo?

Youre not

Significado
Yo no
soy/estoy
Tu eres/ests

Are you

Eres/ests t?

He is not

Hes not

l es/est

Is he?

Es/est l?

Ella es/est

She is not

Shes not

Ella es/est

Is she?

Es/est ella?

Its

Ello es/esta

It is not

Its not

Ello es/esta

Is it?

Es est ello?

We are

Were

Nosotros
somos/estamos

We are not

Were not

Nosotros
somos/estamos

Are we?

Somos/estamo
s nosotros?

You are

Youre

Vosotros
sois/estis

You are not

Youre not

Vosotros
sois/estis

Are you?

Sois/estis
vosotros?

They are

Theyre

Ellos son/estn

They are not

Theyre not

Ellos son/estn

Are they

Son/ estn
ellos?

Tambin es importante saber que utilizamos el verbo Be para los siguientes casos:

Para presentarnos

Im David (Yo soy David)

Saludar

Hello. How are you? (Hola. Cmo ests?)

Disculparnos

Im sorry. (Lo siento)

Expresar la profesin

We are lawyers (Somos abogados)

Expresar la nacionalidad

They are Spanish (El os son espaoles)

Referirnos a lugares

My dad is in Palencia (Mi padre est en Palencia)

Describir cosas

Its an old film (Es una pelcula vieja)

Expresar la edad. En espaol corresponde al verbo tener

hermano tiene 10 aos)

My brother is 10 years old (Mi

Decir cmo nos sentimos.

Im very hungry (tengo mucha hambre)

Hablar sobre el tiempo que hace

Its very hot today (Hace mucho calor hoy)

Expresar la hora y la fecha

Its six oclock (son las 6 en punto).

Its Monday (Es lunes)

RECUERDA que el Be no necesita el auxiliar DO para las formas interrogativa y

negativa.

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Verbo To Have

El verbo "to have" en ingls es equivalente al verbo "tener" en castellano.

Vamos a estudiar sus distintas formas (en afirmativa, en negativa y en interrogativa) y cmo se contrae

FORMA AFIRMATIVA
Forma larga

FO3RMA NEGATIVA
Forma
larga
I have not
got
You have
not got

Forma
corta
I havent
got
You havent
got

He has not
got

He hasnt
got
She hasnt
got
It hasnt
got

Forma corta

Significado

Ive got

Yo tengo

You have got

Youve got

T tienes

He has got

Hes got

l tiene

She has got

Shes got

Ella tiene

It has got

Its got

Ello tiene

She has
not got
It has not
got

We have got

Weve got

Nosotros
tenemos

We have
not got

You have got

Youve got

Vosotros tenis

They have
got

Theyve got

Ellos/ellas tienen

I have got

Significado
Yo no tengo
T no tienes

FORMA INTERROGATIVA
Forma
larga
Have I
got?
Have you
got?

Significado
Tengo yo?
Tienes t?

l no tiene

Has he
got?

Tiene l?

Ella no tiene

Has she
got?

Tiene ella?

Ello no tiene

Has it got?

Tiene ello?

We havent
got

Nosotros no
tenemos

Have we
got?

Tenemos
nosotros?

You have
not got

You havent
got

Vosotros no
tenis

Have you
got?

Tenis
vosotros?

They have
not got

They
havent got

Ellos/ellas no
tienen

Have they
got?

Tienen ellos?

DEBEMOS RECORDAR
1.- Que el verbo HAVE cuando escribimos la tercera persona del singular, cambia y se
escribe HAS.
2.- Que cuando el verbo HAVE est contrado en tercera persona nos puede confundir con
el verbo BE, que contrado se escribe de la misma forma.
Utilizamos HAVE con o sin got en el sentido del verbo espaol tener, para:
Hablar de las cosas que poseemos

She has got a house (ella tiene una casa)

Hablar de la familia

We have got a sister (nosotros tenemos una hermana)

Describir rasgos fsicos

I have got brown eyes (yo tengo los ojos marrones

Expresar el malestar fsico

I have got a headache (tengo dolor de cabeza)

Para hablar de comidas, vacaciones y la higiene

You have got a shower (t te duchas)

He has breakfast at seven oclock (el desayuna a las 7)

14.- VERBO "To do"

El verbo "to do" en ingls puede funcionar como verbo ordinario, con el significado de
"hacer", o como verbo auxiliar. Su declinacin en el presente del indicativo (simple present)
es la siguiente:
El a hace

Yo hago
T haces
l hace

El o hace

Nosotros hacemos
Vosotros hacis
El os/el as hacen

I do
You do
He does
She does
It does
We do
You do
They do

Tienes que tener cuidado al estudiar la tercera persona del singular, porque su forma
cambia y es DOES y no DO como en las dems personas.

18

15.- PRESENTE SIMPLE

Se utiliza para hablar de acciones habituales, genricas, que tienen lugar con cierta
frecuencia, sin hacer referencia a si en el momento actual se estn realizando.
I study English.

He plays tennis.
I work in a bank.

Yo estudio ingls; empec hace algn tiempo y

contino, aunque puede que en el momento presente no
est realizando esta actividad.
El juega al tenis; practica este deporte con cierta
asiduidad, pero no significa que en el momento presente
est en la pista de tenis jugando.
Yo trabajo en un banco; sta es mi profesin, aunque
puede que en el momento actual yo est de vacaciones,
descansando en mi casa.

Estructura de la oracin afirmativa:

Sujeto + verbo de la frase * + complementos

* Cuando el sujeto es la tercera persona del singular, es decir, HE/SHE/IT, al verbo de la
frase se le aade una S.

Ejemplo: Ella come un filete She eatS a steak.

Estructura de la oracin negativa:

Sujeto + DO/DOES * + NOT + verbo de la frase en presente + complementos

* DO/DOES es el verbo auxiliar y normalmente se utiliza DO excepto cuando el sujeto es
la tercera persona del singular (HE/SHE/IT) que entonces en vez de escribir DO,
escribimos DOES.
Ejemplo: Ella no come un filete She does not eat a steak

19

Estructura de la oracin interrogativa afirmativa:

Partcula interrogativa + DO/DOES + Sujeto + verbo de la frase en presente +

complementos + interrogacin.
Ejemplo: Ella come un filete? Does she eat a steak?

Estructura de la oracin interrogativa negativa:

Partcula interrogativa + DO/DOES + NOT + Sujeto + verbo de la frase en

presente + complementos + interrogacin.
Ejemplo: Ella no come un filete? Does not she eat a steak?

20

16.- PRESENTE CONTNUO

Se utiliza para describir acciones que se estn desarrollando en este mismo momento:
I am reading a book.
You are playing footbal .

Tambin se utiliza para describir acciones que se estn desarrollando alrededor del
momento en el que se habla, aunque no necesariamente en ese preciso instante:
I am studying French.

Yo estoy leyendo un libro (en este preciso

instante)
T ests jugando al futbol

Estructura de la oracin afirmativa:

Yo estoy estudiando francs (me he

matriculado en una academia, pero no
necesariamente en este preciso momento
estoy con los libros de francs)

Sujeto + verbo BE (am/is/are) + verbo de la frase en infinitivo + ING + complementos

Ejemplos:

I am reading a book / Estoy leyendo un libro

Helen is phoning a friend / Helen est telefoneando a un amigo

Estructura de la oracin negativa:

Sujeto + verbo BE (am/is/are) + NOT + verbo de la frase en infinitivo + ING +

complementos
Ejemplos:

I am not reading a book / No estoy leyendo un libro

Helen is not phoning a friend / Helen no est telefoneando a un amigo

21

Estructura de la oracin interrogativa afirmativa:

Verbo BE (am/is/are) + sujeto + verbo de la frase en infinitivo + ING + complementos +

interrogacin
Ejemplos:

Am I reading a book? / Estoy yo leyendo un libro?

Is Helen phoning a friend? / Est Helen telefoneando a un amigo?

Estructura de la oracin interrogativa negativa:

Verbo BE (am/is/are) + NOT + sujeto + verbo de la frase en infinitivo + ING +

complementos + interrogacin
Ejemplos:

Aren't you reading a book? / No ests leyendo un libro?

Isn't Helen phoning a friend? / No est Helen telefoneando a un amigo?

TIENES QUE SABER cmo se forma el ing

FORMAS EN -ING
A la mayora de los verbos se le aade -ing
Cuando el verbo termina en consonante + e se elimina la
e y se aade ing
Cuando los verbos acaban en ie, esta ie se
transforma en -ying
Cuando los verbos acaban en vocal + consonante, se
duplica la consonante final y se aade -ing
Cuando el verbo acaba en vocal + y o en vocal + w, NO
se duplica

INFINITIVO
ask
go
hope
live
take
die
lie
get
jog
run
swim
borrow
buy
draw
stay

FORMA EN ING
asking
going
hoping
living
talking
dying
lying
getting
jogging
running
swimming
borrowing
buying
drawing
staying

22

17.- PASADO SIMPLE

Se utiliza para referirse a acciones que se desarrollaron en el pasado y que hace ya algn
tiempo que finalizaron. Su equivalente en castellano es el pretrito indefinido:
I studied English.
I bought a car.

Yo estudi ingls (fue una actividad que realic en

el pasado y que ya finaliz)
Yo compr un coche

Con frecuencia se indica el periodo de tiempo en el que se desarroll la accin:

I played tennis yesterday.
I went to Paris last summer.

Yo jugu al tenis ayer.

Yo fui a Pars el verano pasado

La forma pasada de los verbos es nica para todas las personas, no hay una forma distinta
para la 3 persona del singular como ocurra en el presente.

Estructura de la oracin afirmativa:

Sujeto + verbo de la frase * + complementos.

Este verbo tiene que estar en pasado y ocurren dos cosas:

* Cuando el verbo es REGULAR , es decir, cuando no est incluido en la lista de los verbos, al
verbo se le aade ED.
Ejemplo: Ella vi la TV She watched the TV.
* Cuando el verbo el IRREGULAR, es decir, cuando es uno de los verbos que est incluido en
la lista, hay que escribir el verbo en la segunda columna o la columna del Pasado.

Ejemplo: Ella comi un filete She ATE a steak.

Estructura de la oracin negativa:

Sujeto + DID + NOT + verbo de la frase en presente + complementos.
Ejemplo: Ella no comi un filete She did not eat a steak

Estructura de la oracin interrogativa afirmativa:

23

Partcula interrogativa + DID + verbo de la frase en presente + complementos +

interrogacin.
Ejemplo: Ella comi un filete?- Did she eat a steak?

Estructura de la oracin interrogativa negativa:

Partcula interrogativa + DID + NOT + Sujeto + verbo de la frase en presente +
complementos + interrogacin.
Ejemplo: Ella no comi un filete?- Did not she eat a steak?

Forma Pasada de los Verbos Regulares

FORMAR EL PASADO DE LOS

VERBOS REGULARES

INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE

A la mayora de los verbos se les aade ed

happen
work

hapened
worked

live
phone

lived
phoned

study
try

studied
tried

stop
ban

stopped
banned

Cuando los verbos acaban en e, se les aade solamente

d
Cuando los verbos terminan en consonante + y, la y se
transforma en ied
Cuando el verbo est formado por una sola slaba y
termina en vocal + consonante, entonces se dobla la
consonante y se aade -ed

VERBOS IRREGULARES

En la siguiente lista se incluyen casi todos los verbos irregulares ingleses. En ella se
recoge el infinitivo y el presente (ambos tienen la misma forma, salvo que el infinitivo
va precedido de la partcula "to"), as como el pasado simple y el participio.

En algunos casos, el verbo tiene dos posibles formas en el pasado o en el futuro que

aparecen indicadas. En otros casos, el verbo no tiene infinitivo (son algunos verbos
modales y en la tabla aparecen sin partcula "to").

24
NIFICADO
PRESENTE
SER O ESTAR
EMPEZAR
SOPLAR O
INFLAR
ROMPER
TRAER
COGER O
ATRAPAR
VENIR
CORTAR
HACER

PASADO

BE

WAS/WERE
S
O

A
R
B
E
B
E

R
COND
UCIR
COM
ER
CA
ER
ENCON
TRAR

PARTICIPIO
BEEN
OLVIDAR
CONSEGUIR
DAR
IR
COLGAR
TENER
OIR
GOLPEAR
SUJETAR

SABER O
CONOCER
APRENDER
DEJAR
PRESTAR
PERMITIR
TUMBARSE
ENCENDER
PERDER
FABRICAR
SIGNIFICAR

BEGIN

BEGAN

BLOW

BLEW

BLOWN

BREAK

BROKE

BROKEN

BRING

BROUGHT

BROUGHT

CAUGHT

CAUGHT

COME

CAME

COME

CUT
DO
DREAM
DRINK
DRIVE
EAT
FALL
FIND
FORGET
GET
GIVE
GO
HANG
HAVE
HEAR
HIT
HOLD

CUT
DID
DREAMT
DRANK
DROVE
ATE
FELL
FOUND
FORGOT
GOT
GAVE
WENT
HUNG
HAD
HEARD
HIT
HELD

CUT
DONE
DREAMT
DRUNK
DRIVEN
EATEN
FALLEN
FOUND
FORGOTTEN
GOT
GIVEN
GONE
HUNG
HAD
HEARD
HIT
HELD

KNOW

KNEW

LEARN

LEARNT

LEARNT

LEAVE
LEND
LET
LIE
LIGHT
LOSE
MAKE
MEAN

LEFT
LEND
LET
LAY
LIT
LOST
MADE
MEANT

LEFT
LENT
LET
LAIN
LIT
LOST
MADE
MEANT

CATCH

BEGUN

KNOWN

25

SIGNIFICADO
ENCONTRARSE
A ALGUIEN
PAGAR

P
O
N

ER
LEE
R

MONTAR EN
BICI/CABALLO
LLAMAR POR
TELEFONO

CORRER
DECIR
VER
VENDER
ENVIAR
BRILLAR
MOSTRAR
CERRAR
CANTAR
SENTARSE
DORMIR
HABLAR
GASTAR
PERMANECER
GOLPEAR
NADAR
COGER
CONTAR
PENSAR
ENTENDER
LLEVAR PUESTO
GANAR
COMPRAR
ESCRIBIR

PRESENTE

PASADO

PARTICIPIO

MEET

MET

MET

PAY

PAID

PAID

PUT
READ

PUT
READ

PUT
READ

RIDE

RODE

RIDDEN

RING

RANG

RUNG

RUN

RAN

RUN

SAY
SEE
SELD
SEND
SHINE
SHOW
SHUT
SING
SIT
SLEEP
SPEAK
SPEND
STAND
STRIKE
SWIM
TAKE
TELL
THINK
UNDERSTAND
WEAR
WIN
BUY
WRITE

SAID
SAW
SOLD
SENT
SHONE
SHOWED
SHUT
SANG
SIT
SLEPT
SPOKE
SPENT
STOOD
STRUCK
SWAM
TOOK
TOLD
THOUGHT
UNDERSTOOD
WORE
WON
BOUGHT
WROTE

SAID
SEEN
SOLD
SENT
SHONE
SHOWN
SHUT
SUNG
SIT
SLEPT
SPOKEN
SPENT
STOOD
STRUCK
SWUM
TAKEN
TOLD
THOUGHT
UNDERSTOOD
WORN
WON
BOUGHT
WRITTEN

26

18.- COMPARATIVOS

Utilizamos la forma comparativa de los adjetivos para contrastar dos adjetivos o personas.
The Plaza Hotel is cheaper (el hotel Plaza es ms barato)
The Excelsior Hotel is more expensive (el hotel Excelsior es ms caro)

Fjate que utilizamos MAS + adjetivo en ambas oraciones, sin embargo en ingls tenemos
dos posibilidades diferentes:
1.- Los adjetivos cortos (un slaba) hacen la forma comparativa aadiendo la
terminacin ER:
oldER (ms viejo)
old (viejo)
nicER (ms agradable)
nice (agradable)
biggER (ms grande)
big (grande)
hottER (ms caliente)
hot (caliente)
2.- Tambin los adjetivos de dos slabas acabados en Y toman la terminacin
IER
happIER (ms feliz)
happy (feliz)
hungrIER (ms hambriento)
hungry (hambriento)
3.- Los adjetivos ms largos (dos o ms slabas), no cambian su forma, sino
que van acompaados de la palabra MORE:
more famous (ms famoso)
famous (famoso)
more difficult (ms difcil)
difficult (difcil)
4.- algunos adjetivos tienen comparativos irregulares:
better (mejor)
good (bueno)
worse (peor)
bad (malo)

Fjate que si mencionamos las dos cosas que estamos comparando, necesitamos que el
adjetivo comparativo vaya acompaado de la partcula THAN (que), entonces la estructura
queda de la siguiente manera:
1 cosa o persona que comparamos + verbo + adjetivo comparativo + THAN + 2 cosa
o persona que comparamos

27

Places in a City
English Vocabulary
airport - the place you go when you want to travel by plane to another city.
bakery - you can buy fresh bread and cakes here.
bank - you deposit or withdraw/take out your money here. You can cash a
cheque.
bookstore - a place where you can buy books and magazines.
bus station - the place you go when you want to travel by bus to another city.
butcher's - they sell fresh meat.
caf - you can buy a cup of coffee and cakes or sandwiches.
church - a religious place of worship
court - the place where they have trials and law cases. A judge works here
craft market - a place that sells typical products (normally hand-made) of a
region/country.
department store - a large store that sells clothes, household appliances etc. in
sections.
cinema/movies - you can see the latest movies here. Many people eat popcorn
while they're here.

fire station - the building where firemen keep their equipment including the fireengine
gas / petrol station - the place you go to put petrol (gas) in your car.
gym - you can do exercises, weight training and keep fit here.
hairdresser's - you go here when you want to cut your hair.

hospital - you go here when you need an operation or someone is going to have
a baby.
hotel - where you sleep when you visit another city.
gallery - you can see paintings and other works of art.
jail / prison - criminals are sent here by a judge for a number of days or years.
laundromat / launderette - a place where you can wash your clothes in coinoperated machines.
library - a place where you can read and borrow books.
museum - you can see many old objects (and sometimes paintings)
pharmacy/drugstore - you can buy medicine and (legal) drugs.
police station - you are taken here when you break the law and are arrested
pub - a place where you can buy a beer or other types alcoholic drinks
park - An area of public land in a city that contains an area of grass where you
can rest, play or walk your dog. Sometimes children can play on swings, a slide
or a climbing frame here.
restaurant - you go here when you don't want to cook at home. They prepare
meals for you.

school - a place where children learn. You normally start school at the age of 5.
square - an open area within a city in the shape of a square. It is usually the
heart of the city.
supermarket - a large store that sells food, drinks and household items
video store - you rent a movie or a DVD for a couple of days from this place.
zoo - a place where you can see many types of animals in cages.

Shops
bakers , post office , chemists , greengrocers , sports shop , electronics shop ,
florists , pet shop , newsagents , shoe shop , fast food restaurant.
You can buy stamps at the .
You can buy vegetables at the .
You can buy medicine at the
You can buy a magazine at the .
You can buy a footbal at the .
You can buy pet food at the .
You can buy shoes at the .
You can buy bread at the .
You can buy roses at the .
You can buy a CD player at the .
You can buy a burger at the .

EXPRESIONES PARA LA COMUNICACIN ORAL

Saludos y Presentaciones
How do you do?

Cmo ests?

How are you?

Cmo ests?

Very well thank you.

Muy bien gracias.

Fine thanks, and you?

Bien y t?

Good morning.

Buenos das.

Hi.

Hola.

Good afternoon.

Buenas tardes.

Congratulations.

Enhorabuena.

Good evening.

Buenas tardes- noches.

So long.

Hasta luego.

Good night.
See you.
Hello.

Buenas noches.
Nos vemos.
Hola.

Happy birthday.

Feliz cumpleaos.

Good bye.

Adis.

Happy Christmas.
How are things?

Feliz Navidad.
Cmo te van las cosas?

Well.

Bien.

See you tomorrow.

Hasta maana.

So long.

Hasta luego.

Happy anniversary.

Feliz aniversario.

How is it going?

Cmo te va?

Up and down.

As as.

Para dirigirse a un desconocido.

Excuse me.

Disculpe.

I beg your pardon.

Disculpe.

Peter, this is Mary.

Pedro esta es Mara.

Mary, do you know Michael?

Mara, conoces a Miguel?

Let me introduce my friend Paul.

Pablo.

Permteme que te presente a mi amigo

Cuando no entendemos algo bien

Can you repeat it please?

Puede repetirlo por favor?

Can you speak more slowly?

Puede hablar ms despacio?

Im sorry I dont understand

Lo siento, pero no lo entiendo.

Asking directions
Preguntar direcciones
excuse me, could you tell me
how to get to ?

perdn, me podra decir

como llegar a ?

the bus station

la estacin de autobuses

excuse me, do you know

where the is?

perdn, sabe usted donde

esta ?

post office

la oficina de correos

I'm sorry, I don't know

lo siento, no lo s

sorry, I'm not from around

here

lo siento, no soy de por aqu

I'm looking for

estoy buscando

this address

esta direccin

are we on the right road for

?

estamos en la carretera
correcta para ir a ?

is this the right way for ?

es este el camino correcto

para ir a ?

do you have a map?

tiene usted un mapa?

can you show me on the map?

me lo puede indicar en el
mapa?

Giving directions
Dar direcciones
it's this way

est por aqu

it's that way

est por all

you're going the wrong way

est yendo por un camino

equivocado

you're going in the wrong

direction

est yendo en la direccin

equivocada

take this road

siga esta carretera

go down there

baje hacia all

take the first on the left

tome la primera a la izquierda

take the second on the right

tome la segunda a la derecha

turn right at the crossroads

gire a la derecha en el cruce

continue straight ahead for

about a mile

contine recto durante

aproximadamente una

milla (una milla es

aproximadamente 1,6
kilmetros)
continue past the fire station

continue ms all de la
estacin de bomberos

you'll pass a supermarket on

your left

pasar un supermercado a su
izquierda

keep going for another

siga igual durante ms

hundred yards

cien yardas (unos 91 metros)

two hundred metres

doscientos metros

half mile

media milla (unos 800 metros)

Kilmetre

un kilmetro

it'll be

lo encontrar a

on your left

su izquierda

on your right

su derecha

straight ahead of you

justo delante suyo

Los medios de transporte en ingles

The Car :
Bike / Bicycle :
Bus :
Motorbike:
Pick Up Truck :
Skateboard :
Train :
Plane :
Wagon :
Helicopter :
Raft :
Scooter :
Rocket :
Ferry :
Truck :
Street Car :
Moped :
Ocean Liner :
Rollerskates :
Taxi :
Boat :
Glider :
Hot air ballon :
Ship :
Submarine :
Tram :
Vocabulario de aeropuerto en ingles
Airport : Aeropuerto
Suitcase : La maleta
Cabine : Cabina
Porter : Maletero
Flight : Vuelo
Landing field : Pista de aterrizaje
Baggage : Equipaje
Steward : Camarero

Arrival : Llegada

Auto,
Bicicleta
Autobs
Motocicleta , Moto
Camioneta
Patines / Monopatn
Tren
Avin
Carreta
Helicptero
Balsa
Escter
Cohete
Transbordador
Camin
Tranva
Ciclomotor
Transatlntico
Patines
Taxi
Barco
Planeador
Globo aerosttico
Buque
Submarino
Tranva

Control tower : Torre de control

To fly : Volar
Runway : Pista
To take off : Despegar
Passport : Pasaporte
Carry on bag : El maletin
Passenger : Pasajero
Destination : El Destino
Customs : La aduana
Security check : El control de seguridad
Visa : Visa
Boarding pass : Tarjeta de embarque
Immigration : Inmigracin
Time of arrival : Hora de llegada
Timetable : Listados de horarios
One-way trip : Viaje sencillo
Meal tray : Bandeja de comida
Pilot : Piloto
Plane : Avin
Direct flight : Vuelo directo
Copilot : Copiloto
Flight attendant : Auxiliar de vuelo
Duty free : Libre de impuestos
Flight number : Nmero de vuelo
Gate : Puerta
First class : Primera clase
Schedule : Itinerario , horario
Tourist class : La clase turista
Waiting room : Sala de espera
Baggage claim : Reclamacin de equipaje
Air traffic control : Control de trfico areo
To board : Embarcar
Airline counter : Mostrador
Cockpit : Cabina del piloto
Crew : Tripulacin
Baggage pass : Pase de abordo
Overweight : Sobrepeso

Metal detector : El detector de metales

Domestic flight : Vuelo de cabotaje

Emergency exit : Salida de emergencia
Carry-on luggage : Equipaje de mano
Scales : Balanza
Round trip ticket : Pasaje de ida y vuelta
Turbulence : Turbulencia
Excess baggage : Exceso de equipaje
Seat : Asiento
To land : Aterrizar
Landing : Aterrizaje
Loudspeakers : Altavoces
Take-off : Despegue
Window seat : Asiento del lado de la ventanilla
rases tiles de Vocabulario ingles aeropuerto
1) What terminal do you need?
Qu terminal necesita Ud.?
2) How many bags do you have?
Cuntas maletas tiene?
3) Im looking for the north terminal.
Busco la terminal norte.
4) Could I see your baggage claim ticket?
Me permite ver su taln?
5) Where are you headed?
Para dnde sale Ud.?
6) Could you please help me with my bags?
Por favor, me puede ayudar con las maletas?
7) Im going to
Voy a
8) Where is customs?
Dnde est la aduana?
9) Where can I claim my luggage?
Dnde puedo reclamar mi equipaje?
10) The north terminal is for international flights.
La terminal norte es para los vuelos internacionales.

11) You have to show the passport at the airport.

T debes mostrar el pasaporte en el aeropuerto.
12) Have a nice flight!
Que tenga un buen vuelo!
13) Ill be staying here a few days.
Estar aqu unos dias.

En el hotel en ingles

Reservation :
Key :
Room service :
Air conditioned :
Bed and Breakfast :
Full board :
Half board :
Lunch :
Bill :
Guest :
Manager :
Bellhop :
Bathtub:
Blankets :
Elevator :
Cable tv :
Suit case :
Towel :
A single bed :
Soap :
Hot water :
Lobby :
Twin beds :
Bar :
Laundry service :
A double room :
Wake-up call :
A double bed :
Key card :
Villa :
Housekeeper :
Ground Floor :
Mail clerk :
Front office :
Ice-dispenser :
Key clerk :

La reservacin / reserva
La llave
Servicio de habitaciones
Aire acondicionado
Cama y desayuno
Pensin completa
Media pensin
El almuerzo
La cuenta / factura
El husped
El/ La Gerente
El botones
La baera
Las mantas
El Ascensor
Televisin por cable
La Matela
La toalla
Una cama individual
El jabn
Agua caliente
Vestibulo
Dos camas individuales
El bar
El servicio de lavandera
Una habitacin doble
Llamada de atencin
Una cama de matrimonio
La Tarjeta llavero / Llave magntica
Chalet
Ama de llaves
Planta Baja
Encargado del correo
Recepcin
Surtidor de cubitos de hielo
Encargado de llaves

Front office clerk :

Lift ( GB ) :
Shower :
Ocean view o Sea view :
Deluxe :
Restaurant :
Triple room :
Swimming pool :
Private bath :
Heating :
Arrival :
Breakfast area :
Cancellation :
Departure :
Vacancy :
Luggage :

Receptionista
Elevador, ascensor
Ducha
Vista al mar
De lujo
Restaurante
Habitacin triple
La piscina
Bao privado
Calefaccin
Llegada
Zona de desayuno
Cancelacin
Salida
Vacante
Equipaje

Frases tiles : Vocabulario de hotel en ingles

1) Are meals included?
Estn las comidas incluidas ?
2) Can you recommend a cheap hotel?
Puede recomendarme un hotel barato?
3) Whats the weekly rate?
Cunto cuesta por semana?
4) Is there anything cheaper?
Hay algo ms barato?
5) I dont like this room.
No me gusta esta habitacin.
6) Do you have any vacancies?
Tiene cuartos libres?
7) There isnt any hot water.
No hay agua caliente.
8) Id like a single room.
Quisiera un cuarto sencillo.
9) May I see the room?
Me permite ver el cuarto?
10) Id like a double room for nights.
Quiero una habitacin doble para noches.
11) Is there any mail / messages for me?
Hay correo / algn recargo para m?
12) Is breakfast included?
Est incluido el desayuno?
13) Ill be leaving tomorrow afternoon / night.
Me marchar maana por la tarde / noche.

14) Do you take credit cards?

Aceptan tarjetas de crdito?
15) The .. doesnt work.
El/La . no funciona.
16) fire exit
salida de incendios

TIENDAS Y ESTABLECIMIENTOS
bakery (bikeri) barber's (brbers) bookstore (bkstor) butcher's (bchers) cake shop (kik shop) candy store (kndi stor) children's wear (chldrens ur) clothing store (kluding stor) coffee shop (kfi shop) confectioner's (konfkshoners) dairy store (dri stor) delicatessen (dlikatesen) drugstore (drgstor) dry cleaner's (dri-kliners) - si) fishmonger's (fshmonguers) -

panadera
barbera
librera
carnicera
pastelera
tienda de golosinas
ropa de nio
tienda de ropas
cafetera
pastelera
lechera
fiambrera
farmacia
agencia inmobiliaria
pescadera

florist's (flrists) fruit shop (frt shop) furniture store (frnicher stor) gas station (gs stishon) greengrocer's (gringrousers) grocery store (gruseri stor) hairdresser's (herdrsers) hardware shop (hrduer shop) herbalist's shop (hrbalists shop) ice-cream parlour (iskrim prlor) ironmonger's (ironmonguers) jeweller's (dchelers) jewellery store (dchelri stor) kiosk (kosk)
ladies' wear (lidis ur) laundromat (lndromat) -

floristera
frutera
tienda de muebles
gasolinera
verdulera
almacn
peluquera
ferretera
herboristera
heladera
ferretera
joyera
joyera
quiosco
ropa de seora
lavandera automtica

leather goods shop (lder guds shop)

mall (mol) market (mrket) men's wear (mns ur) music store (misik stor) newsstand (nisstand) optician's (optshans) perfumery (perfimery) pet shop (pt shop)
pharmacy (frmasi) shoe shop (sh shop) shopping center (shping snter) -

marroquinera
centro comercial
mercado
ropa de caballero
tienda de msica
quiosco de peridicos
ptica
perfumera
tienda de animales
farmacia
zapatera
centro comercial

shops (shops) souvenir shop (suvenir shop) sports store (sprts stor) stationery store (stishoneri stor) -

tiendas
tienda de souvenirs
tienda de deportes
papelera

stores (str) supermarket (spermarket) toy store (ti stor) travel agency (trvel idchensi) vegetable store (vdchetabl stor) video store (vdiou stor)

tiendas
supermercado
juguetera
agencia de viajes
verdulera
tienda de videos

CLOTHES

shirt = camisa
t-shirt = camiseta
polo shirt = polo,
blouse = blusa
sweatshirt = sweater = pullover = jersey = slip-over = suter
cardigan = chaqueta liviana de lana
dress = vestido
suit = traje
three-piece suit = traje de tres piezas
coat = abrigo
raincoat = impermeable
waistcoat = chaleco
overcoat = sobretodo
mackintosh = abrigo de tela o lana gruesa
anorak = anorak
bomber jacket = anorak ajustada en la cintura
duffel coat = abrigo de lana
trousers = pantalones
jeans = jeans
shorts = pantalones cortos
trainers (GB) - sneakers (US) = zapatillas
boots = botas
Wellingtons = botas

slippers = pantuflas
clogs = zuecos
shoes = zapatos
sandals = sandalias
high-heeled shoes = zapatos de taco alto
sole = suela
- have your shoes soled = ponerle suela a los zapatos
heel = tacn
- have your shoes heeled = ponerle tacn a los zapatos
shoelaces = cordones
flip-flops = ojetes
espadrilles = alpargatas
bathrobe = bata
nightdress = nightgown = camisn
pyjamas (GB) = pajamas (US) = pijama
socks = calcetines
knee-length socks = medias 3/4
tights = bragas
underwear = ropa interior
bra = brassiere = corpio
underpants = calzoncillos
bathing-suit = bathing-costume = traje de bao
bikini = bikini

swimming trunks = short de bao

clothes hanger (GB) = hanger (US) = percha

belt = cinturn
hood = capucha
tie = corbata
bowtie = pajarita
tie-pin = alfiler de corbata
braces (GB) = suspenders (US) = tiradores
cravat = pauelo
handkerchief = pauelo
neckerchief = pauelo de cuello
gloves = guantes
scarf = bufanda
shawl = chal
cloak = capa
cap = gorra
beret = boina
hat = sombrero
wide-brimmed hat = sombrero de ala ancha
bonnet = gorro para beb
top hat = sombrero de copa
helmet = casco

Let's go to the theatre!

Paul: Hello, Mary. How are you?
Mary: Fine, thanks.
Paul: What are you doing this evening?
Mary: I'm free. Why? What do you suggest?
Paul: Maybe we could go to the theatre.
Mary: That sounds interesting.
Paul: Yes, there's a new play I'd like to watch.
Mary: Which one?
Paul: It's a new presentation of a classic: Hamlet.
Mary: Oh, yes. I've read that the actors are fabulous.
Paul: OK. Tonight's performance begins at nine. Shall we meet at eight?
Mary: Yes, that's right. See you there!

Language Focus
Let's go

Vamos. Es una forma de invitar a alguien a hacer algo junto a la persona que habla.

Theatre

teatro. En ingls britnico se escribe theatre. En ingls americano se escribe theater.

What are you doing this

evening?

Qu vas a hacer esta noche? Notar que se utiliza el tiempo verbal presente continuo para
hablar de planes en el futuro.

Free

libre

Why

por qu

to suggest

sugerir

Maybe

quizs

we could go

podramos ir

Play

obra

Classic

clsico

tonight's

de esta noche

Performance

presentacin, funcin

to begin

comenzar

shall we meet

nos encontramos. Es una forma de realizar una sugerencia.

see you there

te veo all

Cinema and Theatre - Cine y Teatro

What's on the ABC cinema?
Qu dan en el cine ABC?
What time does the film / play begin?
A qu hora comienza la pelcula / obra?
How long is the film / play?
Cunto dura la pelcula / obra?
What time does the film / play end?
A qu hora termina la pelcula / obra?
What is the name of the film / play?
Cul es el nombre de la pelcula / obra?
Let's go to the cinema / theatre.
Vamos al cine / teatro.

Cinema and Theatre

to queue

hacer fila

to find a seat

encontrar un lugar

to make a booking

hacer una reserva

box office

taquilla

Usher

acomodador

usherette

acomodadora

box office clerk

taquillero/a, vendedor de entradas

Actor

actor

actress

actriz

director

director

stage

escenario

curtain

teln

popcorn

palomitas de maz

season

temporada

the end

fin (al final de las pelculas)

At the supermarket

I have to
some
need a

go to the supermarket. I need to buy some food. I need some meat and
vegetables. I need one kilo of tomatoes and two kilos of oranges. I also
box of matches and three bottles of mineral water.

I always
usually

go to the same place. They have good prices and it's near my home. I
pay by credit card.

Language Focus
I have to go to...

Tengo que ir a...

Supermarket

Supermercado

I need...

Necesito...

to buy

Comprar

some meat

algo de carne

some vegetables

algo de verduras

Tomatoes

Tomates

Oranges

Naranjas

I also need...

Tambin necesito...

a box of matches

una caja de fsforos

Bottle

Botella

mineral wter

agua mineral

the same place

el mismo lugar

near my home

cerca de mi casa

to pay

Pagar

by credit card

con tarjeta de crdito. Notar el uso de la preposicin by

Shopping - Ir de compras
I have to buy...
Tengo que comprar...
I need...
Necesito...
Do you have fresh tomatoes?
Tiene tomates frescos?
How much is this?
Cunto cuesta esto?
How are you paying?
Cmo va a pagar?
By credit card. / By cheque.
Con tarjeta de crdito. / Con cheque.
Cash.
En efectivo.
It's twenty dollars and 45 cents.
Son veinte dlares con 45 centavos.
Here's your change.
Aqu tiene su cambio.

Food - Alimentos

apple

peach

orange

banana

cherries

pear

strawberry

grapes

lettuce

onion

tomato

carrot

lemon

milk

cheese

meat

butter

bread

biscuits

icecream

potato patata
fish pescado
wine vino

egg huevo
lamb cordero
juice zumo

I'm hungry. Tengo hambre.

I'm thirsty. Tengo sed.
to eat comer
to drink beber

ham jamn
pork cerdo
beer cerveza
breakfast desayuno
lunch almuerzo
tea merienda
dinner cena

turkey pavo
chicken pollo
water agua

1 Grammar

Worksheets Elementary School

1. To be: affirmative, negative, questions

A. Complete the sentences with to be
1. I _____ a girl.
2. My father_____ at work.
3. Alex and Dino _____ my cats.
4. Alex _____ in the garden.
5. Dino _____ on the floor.
6. My red pencil _____ on the floor, too.
7. The other pencils _____ in my pencil case.
8. My mother _____ in the living room.
9. Eli and Rafa _____ good friends.
10. They _____ good at tennis.
11. _____ they in Amsterdam this week?
12. The pupils _____ not at school today. 2

13. It _____ Monday.

14. I _____ at home.
15. We _____ friends.
B. Make Affirmative Sentences
1. I _____ never happy on a Sunday afternoon.
2. We _____ Scottish.
3. He _____ a pilot.
4. Mayte and Joshua _____ angry.
5. You _____ clever and good-looking.
C. Make Negative Sentences
1. You _____ not Dutch.
2. Gemma _____ at home.
3. Agust and I _____ pleased about it.
4. I _____ not cruel.
5. It _____ good. 3
D. Questions 1. _____ you from Mlaga?
2. _____ Isabel Spanish?
3. _____ we ready to go?
4. _____ he married?
5. _____ you tired?

2. Subject pronouns and possessive adjectives

A. Replace the personal pronouns by possessive adjectives.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Where are (you) _____ friends now?

Here is a postcard from (I) _____ friend Dees.
She lives in England now with (she) _____ family.
(He) _____ wife works in Tilburg.
(He) _____ company builds websites.
3. Question words
A. Fill in the question words What, Where, Why, When, How
to form a question.
1. _____ do you like best?
2. _____ does Manolo get up in the morning?
3. _____ don't you go by bus, Cristina?
4. _____ hobbies does Carlos like?
5. _____ do they go to every week?
6. _____ old are you Sylvia?
7. _____ is Maria's birthday?
8. _____ are my exercise books?
9. _____ are you doing at the moment, Harry?
10. _____ do the Petersons live?
B. Fill in the correct question word.
1 _____ sits next to Dries? Mo.
2 _____ does the boy come from? From Madrid.
3 _____ old are her children? Three and five.
4 _____ is Lola's birthday? In March, I think.
5 _____ much is the shirt? It's twenty euros.
6 _____ is best at playing tennis? Johann
7 _____ are you going? To my parents.
8 _____ is an soda? It's one euro.
9 _____ does the restaurant open? At ten o' clock.
10 _____ can I get some ice cream? At the snack bar.
11 _____ are you going to order? Pasta.
12 _____ are you going to do on Monday? I don't know.
13 _____ has got my sunglasses? I have got them.
14 _____ is your name? Rita.
15 _____ is Helen's party? On Friday.
C. Complete with the correct question word

1 _____ are the potatoes? One dollar.

2 _____ can I do for you? I want two white T-shirts.
3 _____ can I get a newspaper? At Park Street.
4 _____ is your best friend? It's Paul.
5 _____ does Lisa live? In Boston.
6 _____ colour is your new car? It's white.
7 _____ do you collect? Stickers.
8 _____ can help me? I can.
9 _____ about some grapes? No, thanks.
10 _____ was your first word as a baby? Mama.
11 _____ were you born? On March 9th .
12 _____
13 _____
14 _____
15 _____
coke.

were you born? In St Maarten.

were you last Sunday? I was working.
can we have a picnic? I know a nice place near a pond.
are you going to take with you? Some sandwiches and a

4. There is / there are

A. Complete the sentences. Use the affirmative of there is /
there are.
1. _____ an Italian boy in my class.
2. _____ an internet caf opposite our school.
3. _____ five supermarkets in my town.
4. _____ a museum next to the park.
5. _____ some posters in front of the cinema.
B. Complete the sentences. Use the negative of there is/
there are.
Example:
There isnt a flag in my classroom.

1
2
3
4
5

_____
_____
_____
_____
_____

any shopping centres in this town.

any beaches in London.
an American caf here.
a Hollywood in Spain..
any rap CDs in this shop.

C. Write questions and short answers. Use there is / there

are.

Example
/ any Brazilian footballers in your favourite team? Are there any Brazilian
footballers in your favourite team?
Yes, there are.

1. / a skateboard park near here?

___________________________
No, _________________________
2. / a Hollywood in Ireland? ___________________________
Yes, _________________________
3 / any famous football teams in your town?
___________________________
Yes, _________________________
4 / any interesting places near your house?
5 / an English boy in your class?
___________________________
No, _________________________
5. Have got
A: Write affirmative and negative sentences. Use have got.
(Use contracted forms where possible.)
Example:
She / fifteen euros. Shes got fifteen euros. She hasnt got fifteen euros.

1 They / some new trainers..

____________________
____________________
2 John an I / a great computer game..
____________________
____________________
3 You / a pen.
____________________
____________________
4 Mark / a pet.
____________________
____________________

B. Write questions for the sentences in Exercise A. Then write

short answers.

Example:
Has she got fifteen euros?
Yes, she has..

1 ____________________________________
Yes, they ______________________________
2 ____________________________________
Yes, we _______________________________
3 ____________________________________
Yes, I _________________________________
4 ____________________________________
No, he ________________________________
C. Correct the sentences.
Example: You not has got a magazine.
You havent got a magazine.

1 Do you have got a dog?

_______________________________________
2 I hasnt got any DVDs.
_______________________________________
3 We has got a good TV.
_______________________________________
4 Have got they a mobile phone?
________________________________________
6. Present simple: affirmative, negative questions, short
answers.
A. Complete the sentences. Use the present simple
affirmative.
1. I _____ (go) shopping with my brother.
2 We sometimes _____ (use) a dictionary in class.
3 My friends _____ (study) Italian at their school.
4. School _____ (finish) at three oclock.
5. You _____ (live) near me.
6. He _____ (like) rap music.

7. She _____ (do) her homework .before dinner.

8. We _____ (play) tennis in school on Wednesday afternoon.
9. I _____ (watch) TV in the evening.
10. My mother _____ (teach) art.
B. Make the sentences negative.
Example:
He remembers my name.
He doesnt remember my name.

1. I study French.
_________________________________________
2. School finishes at two oclock.
_________________________________________
3. You copy from other students.
_________________________________________
4. We think English is easy.
_________________________________________
5. My friends play volleyball.
_________________________________________
6. I watch TV on Saturday morning.
___________________________________________
7. She speaks Chinese.
___________________________________________
8. The dog likes cats.
____________________________________________
9. They listen to pop music.
_____________________________________________

C. Write the words in the correct order. Then complete the

short answers.
Example:
Students / I.T.? / do / at / Do / your school
Do students at your school do I.T..?
Yes, they do.

1. live / at / you / Do / school?

____________________________________________
No, _______________
2. in / students / Do / the canteen? / eat
_____________________________________________
Yes, _______________
3. to school / your brother / on Saturday? / Does / go
___________________________________________
No, ________________
4. live / near / Do / your friends / you?
___________________________________________
Yes, ________________
5. at / school / finish / Does / three oclock?
____________________________________________
No, _________________
7. Object pronouns
A. Fill in the right object pronouns.
1. My name is Sue. (Sue)_____ am English. And this is my family.
2. My mum's name is Angie. (Angie)_____ is from Germany.
3. Bob is my dad. (My dad)_____ is a waiter.
4. On the left you can see Simon. (Simon) _____ is my brother.
5. (Sue and Simon) _____ are twins.
6. Our dog is a girl, Judy. (Judy) _____ is two years old.
7. (Sue, Simon, Angie and Bob) _____ live in Canterbury.
8. (Canterbury) _____ is not far from London.
9. My grandparents live in London. (My grandparents) _____ often
come and see us.
10. What can _____ tell me about your family?

B. Correct the sentences.

Example:
Chinese is a difficult language. I dont understand them. Chinese is a difficult
language. I dont understand it.

1. Mrs Smith is strict. I dont like him.

_____________________________________________
2. Ana isnt good at maths. I never copy from she.
_____________________________________________
3. We have a computer at home, but I dont use me.
______________________________________________
4. My teachers are very good. I like they.
______________________________________________
5. Im not happy with the children. They dont listen to I.
______________________________________________
8. Word order
Write the words in the correct order.
Does / go / she / What time / school / to
What time does she go to school?
Example:

1. you / When /your / homework / do / do

_____________________________________
2. Simon / go / Who / to /does / school with?
_____________________________________
3. What / teach? / teacher / does / this
_____________________________________
4. like / they / do / English / why
_____________________________________
5. do / grandparents / live?/ Where / your
_____________________________________
6. uncle / do / How often / visit / you / your
_____________________________________

9. Adverbs of frequency

A. Rewrite the sentence putting the adverb given in brackets

into its proper position.
Example:
He plays on the computer. (always)
He always plays on the computer.

1. He listens to the radio. (often)

________________________________________
2. They read a book. (sometimes)
________________________________________
3. Pete gets angry. (never)
________________________________________
4. Tom is very friendly. (usually)
________________________________________
5. I take sugar in my coffee. (sometimes)
_________________________________________
6. Ramon is hungry. (often)
____________________________________________
7. My grandmother goes for a walk in the evening. (always)
_____________________________________________
8. Walter helps his father in the kitchen. (usually)
_____________________________________________
9. They watch TV in the afternoon. (never)
_____________________________________________
10. Christine smokes after dinner. (seldom)
____________________________________________
B. Rewrite the sentences and put the adverbs in correctly.
1. He plays golf on Sundays. (sometimes)
____________________________________________
2. The weather is bad in November. (always)
___________________________________________
3. It rains in California. (never)
____________________________________________

4. We have fish for dinner. (seldom)

_____________________________________________
5. She will see him. (rarely)
_____________________________________________
6. Peter doesn't get up before seven. (usually)
_____________________________________________
7. They do not play tennis on Sundays. (always)
_____________________________________________
8. Mary watches TV. (hardly / ever)
_____________________________________________
C. Rewrite the sentences and put the adverbs in correctly.
I go to school by bus. always
_______________________
I get up at 7. usually
_______________________
I watch TV in the evening. often / frequently
_______________________
I have lunch in a restaurant. sometimes
_______________________
I have breakfast. seldom
_______________________
I arrive late. never
_______________________
I have homework. everyday
_______________________
10. Like, love, hate + ing form
Look at the table and complete the sentences. love = 4 not like
= 2 like = 3 hate = 1
Example: Agustn loves playing (4) computer games.

1.
2.
3.
4.

Mara ___________ (1 / play) computer games.

Agustn and Mara _________ (3 / watch) TV.
Agustn ________ (4 / tidy) his room.
Agustn and Mara _______ (2 / get) up.

11. Possessive
Add s or .
Example:
My uncle daughter. My uncles daughter
1. the men families _____________
2. those girls friends _____________
3. her babies toys _____________
4. the people names _____________
5. Heidi and John son _____________
12. Present continuous
A. Write the ing form of the verbs
Example:
stay staying

1. camp ____________
2. swim ____________
3. travel ____________
4. walk ____________
5. have ____________
6 write ____________
7. cook ____________
8. shop ____________
B. Complete the sentences. Use the present continuous
affirmative and negative.
1. He dad and brother _____ (cycle) to the shops.
2. We _____ (not travel) in Japan.
3. I _____ (sunbathe) on the beach.
4. She _____ (not watch) TV.
5. They _____ (not swim) in the sea.
6. Sue _____ (stay) at home today.

C. Write questions using the present continuous. Then

complete the short answers.
Example:
your teacher / speak English / at the moment?
Is your teacher speaking English at the moment?
No, he isnt.

1. your dad / work / today?

______________________________________
Yes, ____________
2. you / have a good time / on holiday?
_____________________________________
Yes, ____________
3. your mum / cook dinner / now?
_________________________________________
Yes, ____________
4. your friends / play football?
__________________________________________
No, ____________
D. Complete the dialogues
Example:
A Im reading
B What are you reading?

1.
2.
3.
4.

A.
B.
A.
B.
A.
B.
A.
B.

Im going on holiday.
Where _____________?
Hes cooking dinner.
What ______________?
My sisters going to England.
Who _______________?
We arent staying in a hotel.
Where ______________?

13. Present continuous and present simple

Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the present
continuous or the present simple.
Example: My dad usually cooks (cook) dinner.

1. I ________________ (watch) TV at the moment.

2. My parents _______________ (go) to Italy every year.
3. My sister _____________________ (walk) to school every day. 4.
We _______________________ (have) lunch now.
14. Demonstrative pronouns
A. Complete the sentences. Use this and these.
Is this my drink?
1. ________ arent my trainers.
2. ________ an interesting museum?
3. ________ are new bicycles.
B. Complete the sentences. Use that and those.
That is a big supermarket.
1. Are _____ your books?
2. _______ are her CDs.
3. ______ is a great shop.
15. Present continuous for future use
Complete the sentences.
I _____ (meet) some friends after work.
I _____ (not go) to the party tonight.
___ he _____ (visit) his parents next weekend?
___ he _____ (not come) with us tonight?
16. Countable and uncountable nouns
Are these nouns countable (c) or uncountable (u)?
Example: water (u)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

fruit ___
coconut ___
bread ___
DVD ___
meat ___
insect ___
snack ___

17. Expressions of quantity

A. Complete the sentences. Use a / an, some and any. Example:
There arent any Italian students in my class.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

I want _____ juice.

Theres _____ meat in the dish.
Has she got _____ map?
Have you got _____ money?
He needs _____ snack.
Its _____ Italian pizza.

B. Complete the rules. Use a / an, some and any.

1. We use _____ in negative sentences and questions with all nouns.
2. We use _____ in affirmative sentences with all nouns.
3. We use _____, _____ or numbers with countable nouns.
C. Circle the correct words. 1. Weve got much / a lot of rice.
2. There arent much / many people here.
3. My sister eats a lot of / many sweets.
4. There arent much / many vegetarians in my school.
5. There arent a lot of / much vegetables.
6. I dont drink much / many juice.
18. Imperatives
A. Make the affirmatives negative, and the negative
imperatives affirmative.
Example
Dont eat my sweets. Eat my sweets.

1. Dont copy your friends homework.

__________________________________________
2. Tidy your room before dinner.
__________________________________________
3. Dont play computer games now.
__________________________________________
4. Dont be late.
__________________________________________
5. Help your mum with the shopping.
__________________________________________

19. Can
A. Correct the sentences.
1. I can to swim a hundred meters.
___________________________
2. You can make a fire?
___________________________
3. Can he cook? No, cant.
___________________________
4. What sports you can play?
___________________________
5. Mark cant climbs trees.
___________________________
20. Was/were
A. Complete the sentences. Use the affirmative and negative
of was / were.
It wasnt my dads birthday on Sunday. It was his birthday on
Saturday.
1. They were difficult. They _____ easy.
2. My grandfather _____ a writer. He was a composer.
3. It wasnt hot in England. It _____ cold and raining.
4. My cousins werent at the skateboard park. They _____ at the
cinema.
5. Last night I _____ at home. I was at a party at my friends house.
B. Complete the questions. Example:
Was the weather good yesterday?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

What _____ your first class this morning?

_____ her sister at the party?
Who _____ his favorite film star?
Where _____ you last night?
_____ they interested in rap music?

21. There was/there were

Complete the sentences. Use the affirmative () and negative
(X) of there as / there were.
Example: There wasnt a canteen at my primary school. (X)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

________ a lot of rain in the summer. (X)

________ any good films at the cinema last week. (X)
________ 26 people at Sophies party. ()
________ an English teacher at my primary school.(X)
_______ a big celebration for my sisters wedding. ()
_______ a lot of interesting animals in the pet shop. ()

22. Past simple regular verbs: affirmative, negative,

questions
A. Complete the sentences.
Example: I didnt watch (not watch) TV last night.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

On Saturday I _____ (play) computer games with my cousins.

My mum _____ (not cook) dinner last night.
I _____ (walk) to school because there werent any buses.
They _____ (not dance) at the party.
My brother _____ (travel) to Ireland last summer.

B. Write the past simple form of these verbs. practice practiced 1.

copy ____________ 2. revise ____________ 3. cycle
____________
4. listen ____________
5. play ____________ 6. like ____________
C. Write the questions in the correct order. Example:
night? / meet / Did / you / them / last / Did you meet them last night?

1. film? / like / you / Did / the /

_____________________________________________
2. you / many / did / ask? / How / people /
_____________________________________________
3. a / have / time ? / they / Did / good /
____________________________________________
4. did / weekend? / the / What / do / we / at /
____________________________________________
5. she / DVD? / Where / that / did / buy /
____________________________________________
6. party / on / your / go / Saturday? / he / Did / to /
____________________________________________
7. did / yesterday? / Who / you / see /
____________________________________________

D. Correct the sentences. Who do you met on Saturday morning? X Who

did you meet on Saturday morning?

1. Did he went to school yesterday? X

______________________________________
2. Why did you to go home early? X
______________________________________
3. Where you did learn English? X
______________________________________
4. Did she works today? X
_______________________________________
5. What do you did yesterday? X
_______________________________________
6. Did they last night phone you? X
_______________________________________
23. Time expressions
A. Write the time expressions last winter - last year - soon
later now - at the moment - next week - yesterday
Past Last winter
(1) ________
(2) ________
Present
(3) ________
(4) ________
Future
(5) ________
(6) ________
(7) ________
B. Write the words in the correct order.
Example:
friends / Im / tomorrow. / meet / going / to / my Im going to meet my friends
tomorrow.

1. winter. / cold / was / very / last / It

______________________________________
2. shower / Shes / moment. / at / having / a / the
______________________________________
3. our / visit / next / going / grandmother / Were / to / week.
_________________________________________
4. brother / revising / My / for / exam / now. / is / an
_________________________________________
5. restaurant / later. / have / a / Theyre / to / in / dinner / going
_________________________________________
6. go / school / yesterday. / to / didnt / I
_________________________________________

24. Past simple: regular and irregular verbs

A. Are these verbs regular (R) or irregular (I)?
play R
1. fly ___
2. use ___
3. study ___
4. eat ___
5. make ___
6. travel ___
7. see ___
B. Write the past simple of the verbs in exercise A.
1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________
4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________
7. ______________
C. Complete the text. Use the past simple of the verbs. be got up - meet - have - go - run - drink - sleep swim - eat
Yesterday I got up early at about seven oclock. I (1) _____ a
shower and some fruit for breakfast. Then I (2) _____ to the sports
centre. I (3) _____ 500 meters in the swimming pool and then I (4)
_____5 kilometers. At lunchtime I (5) _____ my friends in a caf.
We (6) _____ some pasta and (7) _____ some juice. After lunch I
(8) _____ for a few hours I (9) _____ tired !
25. Must
A. Complete the sentences. Use the affirmative () and
negative (X) of must. Example:
You mustnt (X) drink cola in the classroom.
1. You _____ () listen to the teacher.
2. Students _____ () study a lot before their exams.
3. We _____ (X) be cruel to animals.
4. Young children _____ (X) climb trees.
5. I _____ (X) eat snacks before dinner.
6. They _____ () go home at nine oclock.
7. You _____ (X) copy from other students.
8. He _____ () tidy his room.

B. Rewrite the sentences. Use must or mustnt. Example:

Dont be late home after school today. I mustnt be late home after school today.

1. Dont stay in bed on Saturday. You

______________________________________
2. Go to bed at nine oclock on Sunday. They
______________________________________
3. Write a letter to you grandmother. I
____________________________________
4. Tidy your room before school. He
___________________________________
5. Do your homework before dinner. We
___________________________________
6. Drink a lot of water at the beach. You
___________________________________
7. Dont talk in the library. We
____________________________________
8. Dont play computer games in the morning. He
_____________________________________
26. Comparative adjectives
A. Write the comparative forms of the adjectives: tall taller
1. fast _____________
2. heavy _____________
3. dangerous _____________
4. small _____________
5. large _____________
6. light _____________
7. rare _____________
8. common _____________
9. good _____________
10. bad _____________
B. Correct the sentences. Im more tall than my sister. X Im taller than my
sister.

1. Cats are popularer than snakes as pets. X

______________________________________
2. Pigs are more intelligent as other animals. X
______________________________________
3. Turtles are slow than crocodiles. X
______________________________________
4. Elephants are heavyer than pigs. X
______________________________________

5. Bears are more rare than snakes. X

_______________________________________
6. My mum thinks that cats are gooder pets than dogs. X
__________________________________________
27. Be going to
A. Write sentences. Use the correct form of going to.
Example: Sally / not / invite Mark to her party. Sally isnt going to invite Mark to
her party.

1. I / buy an MP3 player.

___________________________________________
2. They / not / wear jeans on Saturday.
___________________________________________
3. You / not / stay in Oxford.
___________________________________________
4. He / do an exam tomorrow.
___________________________________________
B. Complete the text. Use the correct form of going to.
Tomorrow Im going to go (go) to the beach.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

I _____ (not be) with my family.

I _____ (meet) my friends.
We _____ (play) football on the beach but
I _____ (not swim).
We _____ (have) a great time!

C.. Write questions and short answers about Jose, Eli and
Rafas weekend plans. Simon / get up early on Saturday? Is
Simon going to get up early on Saturday? No, he isnt.
1. Eli and Rafa / get up early on Saturday?
__________________________
No, ________________________
2. Jose / play tennis in the morning?
____________________________
Yes,__________________________
3. Jose / watch a DVD on Saturday?
____________________________
No, ________________________
4. Simon and jenny / do any homework on Sunday?
__________________________
Yes, ________________________

D. Correct the sentences and questions.

Example: My parents are go to meet my teachers tomorrow. X My parents are
going to meet my teachers tomorrow.

1. Rob and I arent going wear trainers. X

_______________________________________
2. We going to visit my grandparents tomorrow. X
_______________________________________
3. Is it going to rains today? X
_______________________________________
4. Im no going to do any homework this evening? X
_______________________________________
5. What is he going to doing tomorrow? X
_______________________________________
6. You are going to school on Friday? X
___________________________________