CONSTITUTIONAL

VALIDITY OF
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Submitted to: Submitted by:
Mr. Sandeep Suman Vivek Rai
Roll No.147
Semester IX
1 | P a g e
Acknowledgements
On te !ompletion o" tis pro#e!t I "ind tat tere are man$ persons to %om I %ould
like to e&press
m$ gratitude' sin!e %itout teir elp and !o(operation te su!!ess o" tis edu!ative
endeavour
%ould not ave )een possi)le.
I %el!ome tis opportunit$ to e&press m$ sin!ere gratitude to m$ tea!er and guide
Mr. Sandeep
Suman' %o as )een a !onstant sour!e o" en!ouragement and guidan!e trougout te !o
urse o"
tis %ork.
I am grate"ul to te I* Sta"" "or providing all ne!essar$ "a!ilities "or !arr$ing
out tis %ork. *anks
are also due to all mem)ers o" te +i)rar$ sta"" "or teir elp and assistan!e at a
ll times.
I am also grate"ul to m$ )est "riend Poo#a Sing "or )eing elp"ul in er di""eren!
e and "or er
!onstant support.
Vivek Rai
,Resear!er. | P a g e
Objectives
*o understand te meaning o" /apital Punisment and its /onstitutionalit$.
*o stud$ te di""erent t$pes o" Vie%s o" !apital punisment in various !ountries.
*o e&plore te need "or /apital Punisment .
*o "ind its relevan!e in present s!enario.
Research Methodology
*e metodolog$ adopted in tis resear! %ork is )ased on S0/ON1
2R3 sour!es o"
in"ormation like )ooks' #ournals' et!. *e present resear! %ork !ontains a !riti!
al anal$sis and
a detailed stud$ o" te topi! 4 /ONS*I*5*ION2+ V2+I1I*3 O6 /2PI*2+ P5NIS7M0N*
IN IN1I2.
*is resear! %ork !ontains ela)orated teoreti!al resear!' an overall stud$ o" te
topi! and in
dept and in dept %e) )ro%sing.
8 | P a g e
Table of Contents
Introdu!tion....................................................................
.........................................9
Meaning o" /apital Punisment....................................................
..........................9
/apital Punisment in various !ountries..........................................
.....................7
/apital Punisment under various legislations in India...........................
...........:
2)olition o" /apital Punisment..................................................
..........................1;
/onstitutional validit$ o" /apital Punisment....................................
.................19
No !an!e "or In#usti!e..........................................................

.................................17
Prin!iple o" rarest o" rare.....................................................
....................................;
Re!ent rarest o" rare !ases o" /apital Punisment................................
...............1
/on!lusion......................................................................
..........................................
4 | P a g e
!TRO"#CTO!
2ll punisments are )ased on te same proposition i.e. tere must )e a penalt$ "or
%rongdoing.
Most s$stems o" religion or eti!s tea! tat )ad a!tions lead to )ad !onse<uen!e.
*ere are t%o
main reasons "or in"li!ting te punisment. One is te )elie" tat it is )ot rigt an
d #ust tat a
person %o as done %rong sould su""er "or it= te oter is te )elie" tat in"li!ting
punisment on
%rongdoers dis!ourages oters "rom doing %rong. *e deat penalt$ als
o rests on te same
proposition as oter punisments. >e!ause o" its drasti! and irrevo!a)le nature' i
t is even more open
to de)ate over its "airness' appropriateness and e""e!tiveness t
an oter punisments. *e
proponents o" deat penalt$ )elieve tat it is an e""e!tive %a$ to stop !rime. *e$
"o!us on te deat
penalt$ as a deterrent or someting tat %ill stop or lesson !rime.
*e$ )elieve tat te deat
penalt$ )rings te most #usti!e to te vi!tim o" a einous !rime.
1eat penalt$ as )een a mode o" punisment sin!e time immemorial. *e
arguments "or and
against as not !anged mu! over te $ears. /rimes as %ell as te mode o" punisment
!orrelate to
te !ulture and "orm o" !ivili?ation "rom %i! te$ emerge. 2t tis point o" time %e
n te issue
@%eter !apital punisment must )e a)olised or notA is still raging
' it %ill )e appropriate to
remind ourselves as to o% te legislatures and te ape& /ourt ave dealt %it tis is
sue ever$ time
it as !ome up )e"ore tem. 2noter issue is regarding te e&tent o" #udi!ial dis!re
tion.
M$A!!% O& CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T
*
:
2!!ording to o&"ord 1i!tionar$' /apital punisment is te legall$ autori?ed killin
g o" someone as
punisment "or a !rime. /apital punisment is te deat senten!e a%arded "or !apital
o""en!es like
!rimes involving planned murder' multiple murders' repeated !rimes= rape and mur
der et! %ere in
te !riminal provisions !onsider su! persons as a gross danger to te e&isten!e o"
te so!iet$ and
provide deat punisment
.
. /apital punisment or te deat penalt$ is a legal pro!ess %ere)$ a
person is put to deat )$ te state as a punisment "or a !rime.
1 ttpBCCo&"orddi!tionaries.!omCde"initionCenglisC!apitalD.>punisment
. ttpBCC%%%.legal(e&planations.!omCde"initionsC!apital(punisment.tm
9 | P a g e
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T: A! $&&$CT+$ "$T$RR$!T TO CRM$:
*ere is a great deal o" de)ate over o% po%er"ul a deterrent !apital punisment is

. Most o" us ave

an instin!tive "eeling tat te deat penalt$ must deter' at least to some e&tent.
1eterren!e is one o"
te "undamental reasons "or punisment o" an$ kind. Sin!e deat i
s !onsidered te arsest
punisment availa)le under te la%' it seems logi!al tat it must also )e te most e
""e!tive deterrent
to !rime. *e 0nglis )arrister Sir Eames Stepen remarked' FNo oter punisment dete
rs men so
e""e!tuall$ "rom !ommitting !rimes as te punisment o" deat.G FIn an$ se!ondar$ p
unisment'
o%ever terri)le' tere is ope= )ut deat is deat= its terror !annot )e des!ri)ed m
ore "or!i)l$
8
.G
*e "ederal prisons no% ave !ustod$ o" a man senten!ed to li"e imprisonment' %o'
sin!e e as
)een in prison' as !ommitted tree more murderers on tree separate o!!asions( )ot
o" prison
guard and inmates. *ere is no "urter punisment tat e !an re!eive. In e""e!t' e a
s a li!ense to
murder
4
.G
OR%!S O& CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T:
*e deat penalt$ %as pres!ri)ed "or various !rimes in >a)$lon at least 87;; $ears
ago. Some o"
te an!ient so!iet$ imposed it onl$ "or te most einous !rimes and some imposed it
"or minor
o""en!es. 6or e&ample' under RomeHs la% in te 9t !entur$ >./.'
deat %as te penalt$ "or
pu)lising Finsulting songsG and distur)ing te pea!e o" te !it$ at nigt. 5nder Ir
ee!eHs 1ra!onian
+egal /ode in te 7t !entur$ >./.' deat %as te punisment "or ever$ !rime. >eginni
ng in an!ient
times te e&e!utions %ere "re<uentl$ !arried out in pu)li!. Pu)li! e&e!utions pro
vided )ene"its "or
ever$one. 6or te surviving vi!tims o" te !ondemned !riminals' te e&e!ution provi
ded te grim
satis"a!tion o" %itnessing te "inal punisment o" tose %o ad %ronged tem. 6or te
autorities'
e&e!utions served as grapi! demonstrations o" teir determination to pro
te!t te pu)li! sa"et$.
Pu)li! e&e!utions even elped te autorities to do teir #o)s serving as grisl$ o)#
e!t lessons "or
potential %rongdoers.
*e e&tent or te nature o" te punisment depended as mu! on te so!ial standing o"
te !riminal
8 Juoted )$ +eonard 2. Stevens in 1eat Penalt$B *e /ase o" +i"e vs. 1eat in te
5nited States
,Ne% 3orkB /o%ard' M!/ann K Ieogegan' 1:7L-' 78
4 F>ring >a!k te 1eat Penalt$'G 5.S. Ne%s K Morld Report ,2pril 1:7N-= reprinte
d in *e 1eat Penalt$' ed. Ir%in
Isen)erg ,Ne% 3orkB 7.M. Milson' 1:77-' 188
N | P a g e
as on te nature o" te !rime. *e !ommoners %ere e&e!uted mu! more
o"ten tan no)les.
Minorities and "oreigners %ere treated more arsl$ tan mem)ers o" te d
ominant group. *e
metods o" e&e!ution %ere also varied. *e !ommon modes o" in"li!ting d

eat senten!e on te
o""ender %ere dro%ning' )urning' )oiling' )eeading' urling te o""en
der "rom ro!k' stoning'
strangling' impelling' amputating' sooting )$ gun or starving im to deat. 7angin
g and )eeading
%ere te most !ommon metods o" e&e!ution in 0urope and Ireat >ritain. 2t present
te !ommon
modes o" e&e!ution o" deat senten!e are asp$&iation' ele!tro!ution'
guillotine' sooting and
anging. *e metod o" e&e!ution )$ ele!tro!ution %as "irst used at 2u)urn State Pr
ison' Ne% 3ork
on 1L:; and is no% )eing e&tensivel$ used in 5S2' 5O' 5SSR' Eapa
n and oter 0uropean
!ountries. *e use o" Iuillotine "or e&e!ution %as introdu!ed in 6ran!e in 17:..
*e metod o"
anging te !ondemned prisoner till deat as )een !ommonl$ in use in almost all te
!ountries
sin!e ages. In India pu)li! anging is no% eld to )e un!onstitutional
9
.
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T ! +ARO#S CO#!TR$S:
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T ! AM$RCA:
In te %ake o" te 2meri!an Revolution' te 5.S. /onstitution gave )ot te states a
nd te "ederal
government te rigt to set teir o%n !riminal penalties. *e ver$ "irst !ongress o"
te 5nited States
passed "ederal la%s making deat penalt$ "or rape and murder and oter !rimes. 2lt
oug te deat
penalt$ %as %idel$ a!!epted in te earl$ 5nited States )ut its approval %as not t
e universal. Some
o" te people vi?. /esare >e!!aria' *omas Ee""erson' 1r. >en#amin Rus e&pressed s
erious dou)ts
and o)#e!tions and advo!ated tat !apital punisment migt )e a)olised. 2nd in 1:17
' te state o"
Missouri and te territor$ o" Puerto Ri!o )ot a)olised te deat penalt$. *e opposi
tion to te
deat penalt$ gatered strengt again in te mid(t%entiet !entur$ a"ter te !ontrover
sial e&e!utions
o" Millie 6ran!is' >urton 2))ot' /ar$l /essman and >ar)ara Iraam. On!e again' s
everal states
eiter a)olised or restri!ted te use o" te deat penalt$.
In 1:7.' 2meri!an a)olitionists s!ored teir greatest su!!ess. In te !ase o" 6urm
an v. Ieorga
N
' te
5.S. Supreme /ourt de!lared tat te deat penalt$' as it %as ten
!arried out' %as P!ruel and
unusualH punisment' tere"ore it %as un!onstitutional. 6our $ears later' te /ourt
ruled in several
!ases. In Iregg v. Ieorgia
7
' Supreme /ourt said tat deat penalties imposed in some states under
ne% la%s %ere !onstitutional. >ut te murder is a !apital o""en!e in all tirt$(ei
gt o" te 5.S. states
9 +a!ma 1evi v. State o" Ra#astan' ,1:LN- /ri +.E. 8N4
N 4;L 5S .8L ( 1:7.
7 4.L 5S 198 ( 1:7N
7 | P a g e
tat ave te deat penalt$.
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T ! ,RTA!:

7anging %as te traditional "orm o" !apital punisment in 0ngland. 7o%ever it %as
not te onl$
one. In 0ngland )eeading %as normall$ reserved "or te ig)orn and it %as last use
d in 1747.
7anging %as te most !ommon metod o" e&e!ution in 0ngland "rom Sa&on times until
te .;t
!entur$. *e last people to )e anged in >ritain %ere t%o men' Peter 2llen and I%$
nne Eones %o
%ere anged on te same da$ in 1:N4. In >ritain te deat penalt$ "or murder %as a)o
lised "or an
e&perimental period o" 9 $ears in 1:N9. It %as a)olised permanentl$ in 1:N:. 6re
e votes %ere eld
on te restoration o" !apital punisment in 1:7: and 1::4 )ut )ot times it %as re#
e!ted
L
.
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T ! C)!A:
/apital punisment in te PeopleQs Repu)li! o" /ina is usuall$ administered to o""
enders o" serious
and violent !rimes' su! as aggravated murder' )ut /ina retains in la% a num)er o
" nonviolent
!apital o""enses su! as drug tra""i!king. *e PeopleQs Repu)li! o" /
ina e&e!utes te igest
num)er o" people annuall$' toug oter !ountries ,su! as Iran or Singa
pore- ave iger per
!apita e&e!ution rates. Mat!dog groups )elieve tat a!tual e&e!ution
num)ers greatl$ e&!eed
o""i!iall$ re!orded e&e!utions= in .;;:' te 1ui 7ua 6oundation estimated tat 9';
;; people %ere
e&e!uted in /ina R "ar more tan all oter nations !om)ined.
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T ! !"A:
3ear 1:79 and 1::1' a)out 4; people %ere e&e!uted. 3ear 1::9(.;
;4 %en tere %ere no
e&e!utions. 2nti(deat penalt$ a!tivist dispute tose "igures' !laiming
mu! iger num)ers on
1eat Ro% and a!tual e&e!utions. In 2ugust .;;4' a 41($ear old "ormer se!urit$ ma
n' 1anan#o$
/atter#ee' %as e&e!uted "or raping and killing a 14 $ear old s!oolgirl in /al!ut
ta. *is %as te
!ountr$Hs "irst e&e!ution sin!e 1::9. In .;;9' a)out a do?en people %ere on te !
ountr$Hs 1eat
Ro%.
It %as reported in .;;N tat te num)er o" mer!$ petitioners %it President 2)dul O
alam "rom
!onvi!ts on deat ro% stands at .;' in!luding 1. %ere su)mitted %en O.R. Nara$ana
n %as te
L ttpBCC%%%.lo!alistories.orgC!apital.tml
L | P a g e
president
:
.
Mode of $-ecution:
*e e&e!ution o" deat senten!e in India is !arried out )$ t%o modes namel$ anging
)$ ne!k till
deat and )eing sot to deat. *e #ail manuals o" various States
provide "or te metod o"
e&e!ution o" deat senten!e in India. On!e deat senten!e is a%arded
and is !on"irmed a"ter
e&austing all te possi)le availa)le remedies te e&e!ution is !arried
out in a!!ordan!e %it

se!tion 894,9- o" te /ode o" /riminal Pro!edure1:78 i.e. anging )$

ne!k till deat. Se!tion
894,9- o" /ode o" /riminal Pro!edure sa$s' FMen an$ person is senten!ed to deat'
te senten!e
sall dire!t tat e )e anged )$ te ne!k till e is dead.G It is also provided under
*e 2ir 6or!e
2!t' 1:9;' *e 2rm$ 2!t 1:9; and *e Nav$ 2!t 1:97. tat te e&e!ution as to )e !arr
ied out
eiter )$ anging )$ ne!k till deat or )$ )eing sot to deat.
CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T #!"$R +ARO#S ($%S(ATO!S ! !"A:
/apital punisment is pres!ri)ed as one o" te punisments in various p
rovisions o" te Indian
Penal /ode 1LN;' *e 2rms 2!t 1:9:' *e Nar!oti! 1rugs and Ps$!otropi! Su)stan!es
2!t 1:L9'
and *e S!eduled /aste and S!eduled *ri)es ,Prevention o" 2tro!ities- 2!t' *e /om
mission o"
Sati ,Prevention- 2!t' 1:L7' *e 2ir 6or!e 2!t' 1:9;' *e 2rm$ 2!t 1:9; and *e Nav
$ 2!t 1:97.
In te Prevention o" *errorism 2!t' .;;. also' tere %as a provision "or deat pena
lt$ "or !ausing
deat o" persons using )om)s' d$namite or oter e&plosive su)stan!es in order to t
reaten te unit$
and integrit$ o" India or to strike terror in te people. It is also interesting
to note tat under te
2rms 2!t' N1PS 2!t and te S!eduled /aste and S!eduled *ri)es 2!t' /apital Punism
ent is te
onl$ punisment "or te o""en!e !overed )$ tose se!tions' tus leaving no room "or
te #udi!iar$ to
e&er!ise its dis!retion. It is dou)t"ul %eter tese provisions !an stand te test
o" te !onstitutional
validit$ in te ligt o" te de!ision in Mithu v. State of 'anjab
*/
>e!ause in tis !ase se!tion 8;8
o" te Indian Penal /ode1N %as stru!k do%n as violative o" 2rti!le .1 and 14 o" t
e /onstitution o"
India' as te o""en!e under te se!tion %as punisa)le onl$ %it !apital punisment a
nd did not
give te #udi!iar$ te po%er to e&er!ise its dis!retion and tus resulted in
an un"air' un#ust and
unreasona)le pro!edure depriving a person o" is li"e.
: ttpBCC"ai?la%#ournal.)logspot.inC.;;7C1.C!apital(punisment(in(india.tml
1; 2IR 1:L8 S/ 47
: | P a g e
A,O(TO! O& CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T:
*ere are "our groups o" te !ountries regarding te a)olition or retention o" te !
apital punisment.
*ese areB
*.
A,O(TO!ST &OR A(( CRM$S:
/ountries %ose la%s do not provide "or te deat penalt$ "or an$ !rimeB
2l)ania' 2ndorra' 2ngola' 2rgentina' 2rmenia' 2ustralia' 2ustria' 2?er)ai
#an' >elgium' >utan'
>osnia(7er?egovina' >ulgaria' >urundi' /am)odia' /anada' /ape Verde' /olom)ia' /
ook Islands'
/osta Ri!a' /ote 1QIvoire' /roatia' /$prus' /?e! Repu)li!' 1enma
rk' 1#i)outi' 1omini!an
Repu)li!' 0!uador' 0stonia' 6inland' 6ran!e' Ia)on' Ieorgia' Ierma
n$' Iree!e' Iuinea(>issau'
7aiti' 7ol$ See' 7onduras' 7ungar$' I!eland' Ireland' Ital$' Oiri
)ati' O$rg$?stan' +ie!tenstein'
+ituania' +u&em)ourg' Ma!edonia' Malta' Marsall Islands' Mauritius'

Me&i!o' Mi!ronesia'
Moldova' Mona!o' Montenegro' Mo?am)i<ue' Nami)ia' Nepal' Neterlands'
Ne% Sealand'
Ni!aragua' Niue' Nor%a$' Palau' Panama' Paragua$' Pilippines' Pola
nd' Portugal' Romania'
R%anda' Samoa' San Marino' Sao *ome 2nd Prin!ipe' Senegal' Ser)i
a ,in!luding Oosovo-'
Se$!elles' Slovakia' Slovenia' Solomon Islands' Sout 2"ri!a' Spain' S%eden' S%it
?erland' *imor(
+este' *ogo' *urke$' *urkmenistan' *uvalu' 5kraine' 5nited Oingdom
' 5rugua$' 5?)ekistan'
Vanuatu' Vene?uela.
0.
A,O(TO!ST &OR OR"!AR1 CRM$S O!(1:
/ountries %ose la%s provide "or te deat penalt$ onl$ "or e&!eptional
!rimes su! as !rimes
under militar$ la% or !rimes !ommitted in e&!eptional !ir!umstan!esB
>olivia' >ra?il' /ile' 0l Salvador' 6i#i' Israel' Oa?akstan' +atvia and Peru.
2.
A,O(TO!ST ! 'RACTC$:
/ountries %i! retain te deat penalt$ "or ordinar$ !rimes su! as murder )ut !an )
e !onsidered
a)olitionist in pra!ti!e in tat te$ ave not e&e!uted an$one during
te past 1; $ears and are
1; | P a g e
)elieved to ave a poli!$ or esta)lised pra!ti!e o" not !arr$ing ou
t e&e!utions. *e list also
in!ludes !ountries %i! ave made an international !ommitment not to use te deat p
enalt$B
2lgeria' >enin' >runei' >urkina 6aso' /ameroon' /entral 2"ri!an Repu)li!' /ongo
,Repu)li! o"-'
0ritrea' Iam)ia' Iana' Irenada' Oen$a' +aos' +i)eria' Madagas!ar'
Mala%i' Maldives' Mali'
Mauritania' Moro!!o' M$anmar' Nauru' Niger' Papua Ne% Iuinea' Russ
ian 6ederation' Sout
Oorea' Sri +anka' Suriname' S%a?iland' *a#ikistan' *an?ania' *onga' *unisia' Sam
)ia.
3.
R$T$!TO!ST:
/ountries and territories tat retain te deat penalt$ "or ordinar$ !rimesB
2"ganistan' 2ntigua and >ar)uda' >aamas' >arain' >anglades' >ar)ados'
>elarus' >eli?e'
>ots%ana' /ad' /ina' /omoros' 1emo!rati! Repu)li! o" /ongo' /u)a
' 1omini!a' 0g$pt'
0<uatorial Iuinea' 0tiopia' Iuatemala' Iuinea' Iu$ana' India' Indo
nesia' Iran' Ira<' Eamai!a'
Eapan' Eordan' Ou%ait' +e)anon' +esoto' +i)$a' Mala$sia' Mongolia'
Nigeria' Nort Oorea'
Oman' Pakistan' Palestinian 2utorit$' Jatar' Saint Oitts and Nevis' Saint +u!ia'
Saint Vin!ent and
te Irenadines' Saudi 2ra)ia' Sierra +eone' Singapore' Somalia' Sudan' S$ria' *ai
%an' *ailand'
*rinidad 2nd *o)ago' 5ganda' 5nited 2ra) 0mirates' 5nited States o" 2meri!a' Vie
t Nam' 3emen'
Sim)a)%e.
"$,AT$ O+$R TS A,O(TO! A!" R$T$!TO!:
F2n e$e "or an e$e %ill make te %ole %orld )lind.G
(((Maatma Iandi
#!T$" !ATO!S4 +$5:
*e 5nited Nations 7ig /ommissioner "or 7uman Rigts !alled a meetin
g in earl$ Eul$ to
!ommemorate te "i"t anniversar$ o" te Ieneral 2ssem)l$Hs vote in "avor o" a mora

torium on te
deat penalt$. *e Se!retar$(Ieneral' >an Oi(moon' delivered some remarks in %i! e
reminded
listeners tat more tan 19; !ountries ave eiter a)olised !apital puni
sment or restri!ted its
appli!ation. Some 8. states retain te deat penalt$ in !ase o" drug(related !rime
s and last $ear onl$
.; !ountries a!tuall$ !ondu!ted e&e!utions. In te 5nited States' 17 states ave d
one a%a$ %it te
deat penalt$.
11 | P a g e
*e rigt to li"e is te most "undamental o" all uman rigts. It lies at te eart o
" international
uman rigts la%. *e taking o" li"e is too a)solute' too irreversi)le' "or one um
an )eing to in"li!t
it on anoter' even %en )a!ked )$ legal pro!ess. Mere te deat penalt$ persists !o
nditions "or
tose a%aiting e&e!ution are o"ten orri"$ing' leading to aggravat
ed su""ering.
In"ormation
!on!erning te appli!ation o" te deat penalt$' in!luding se!ret trials
and e&e!utions' is o"ten
!loaked in se!re!$. 2nd it is )e$ond dispute tat inno!ent people are still put t
o deat.
*e 5nited Nations s$stem as long advo!ated a)olition o" te deat penalt$. 3et te
deat penalt$
is still used "or a %ide range o" !rimes tat do not meet tat tresold.
1. | P a g e
AR%#M$!TS &OR T)$ R$T$!TO!
**
:
*. Ca6ital 6unishment acts as a deterrent: I" te deat senten!e is removed' te "e
at tat !omes in
te mind o" people !ommitting murders %ill )e removed. F1o %e %ant more o" murder
s in our
!ountr$ or do %e %ant less o" temTG 2ll senten!es are a%arded "or se!urit$ and p
rote!tion o"
so!iet$' so tat ever$ individual ma$ live in pea!e. /apital punisment is needed
to ensure tis
se!urit$.
0. $limination of the criminalsB Men te pu)li! pea!e is endangered
)$ !ertain parti!ularl$
dangerous "orms o" !rime' deat penalt$ is te onl$ means o" eliminating te o""end
er.
2. 'ossibility of re6eated murders: So!iet$ must )e prote!ted "rom te risk o" a
se!ond o""en!e )$
a !riminal %o is not e&e!uted and %o ma$ )e released' a"ter release ma$ !ommit m
urder again.
3. Condition in ndiaB In !ountries %ere !apital punisment as )een a)olised'
te "igure o"
omi!ide is ver$ lo%= "our in a million' or even less tan tat.
7. 'ublic o6inion: Pu)li! opinion is su)stantiall$ in "avor o" !apital punismen
t' and it %ould )e
un%ise to a)olis !apital punisment !ontrar$ to te %ises o" te ma#orit$ o" te !it
i?ens.
8. 'rison administration: Oeeping murderers alive in te prison greatl$ !ompli!at
es te %ork o"
prison administration. I" all !onvi!ted murderers %ere imprisoned' sa"et$ o" te
prison sta"" and te
general pu)li! "rom te dangerous prisoners %ould )e at risk.
9. Saving of funds: Mone$ o" te !iti?ens sould not )e spent on maintaining peop

le %o !ause
great arm.*e ta&pa$ers sould not )e !alled upon to pa$ "or te ma
intenan!e o" anti(so!ial
!riminals "or an inde"inite or "or a ver$ long period.
:. 'ro6ortionate to crime: *e punisment sould )ear a #ust proportion to te !rime
. *ere"ore'
!apital punisment is te onl$ "it punisment "or tose %o ave deli)eratel$ violated
te san!tit$
o" uman li"e.
;. More humane: /apital punisment in a painless and umane "or
m is less !ruel tan
imprisonment "or li"e.
*/. !o miscarriage of justice: I" tere is mis!arriage o" #usti!e in one or t%
o !ases' te iger
!ourts !an )e approa!ed. *e %ole ma!iner$ o" te Iovernment %ould )e tere to prot
e!t te
li"e o" a person %o is reall$ inno!ent.
11 +a% /ommission o" India' 89t Report Volume I(III ,/apital Punisment- Septem)
er
1:N7'Ministr$ o" +a%' Iovernment o" India
18 | P a g e
AR%#M$!TS &OR T)$ A,O(TO!
*0
:
*. /apital punisment sould )e abolished )e!ause it is a legali
?ed' revenge"ul and !ruel
destru!tion o" IodHs most %onder"ul !reation' te uman )eing.
0. mmoral:. /apital punisment is morall$ inde"ensi)le. So!iet$ as no rigt to tak
e te li"e o" an$
person. It is morall$ %rong "or te State in te name o" te la% to take te li"e de
li)eratel$. In
eliminating te !riminals' it is stated= te State does not erase te !rime' )ut re
peats it.
2. nhumanB /apital punisment is essentiall$ inuman. 1eat penalt$ is a "orm o" !
ruelt$ and
inumanit$ un%ort$ o" a umane !ivili?ation= even te most e""i!ient metods o" e&e!
ution do not
result in instantaneous and painless deat. 7umanit$ demands tat !apital punismen
t !omes to an
end.
3. !on<violenceB
Indian ideolog$ is )ased on non(violen!e. Ind
ian tradition is )ased on
re"ormation o" te mind and spirit. Mere it %as te opinion tat onl$ Iod !ould tak
e a%a$ li"e
given )$ im. *ere"ore a murderer sould )e sent to a penitentiar$ and tere given
ever$ !an!e o"
re"orming imsel".
7. rrevocableB /apital punisment is irrevo!a)le. I" an inno!ent person is sente
n!ed to deat and
e&e!uted' te greatest in#usti!e results. Men as a result o" an erroneous !onvi!t
ion' a man is sent to
prison' e !an )e !ompensated. >ut deat admits o" no !ompensation.
8. #njustB *e senten!e o" deat in#ures te "amil$ o" te o""enders' and tus impose
s su""ering on
persons %o ave done noting to deserve te su""ering.
9.
#ne=ual a66licationB 1eat penalt$ is applied une<uall$. Some
persons %o ave not
su""i!ient "inan!ial means to de"end temselves or are morall$ una)le
to do so' su""er.@81A *e
penalt$' tere"ore' %i! sould )e te e&pression o" a)solute #usti!e' o"ten lea

ds in pra!ti!e to
in#usti!es against individuals.
:.
An eye for an eye: It %ill su""i!e to note tat te s$stem o" individual
revenge is no longer
re!ogni?ed. *e punisment sould not )e given to an$ o""ender aving tis prin!iple
in te mind.
1. +a% /ommission o" India' 89t Report Volume I(III ,/apital Punisment- Septem)
er
1:N7'Ministr$ o" +a%' Iovernment o" India
14 | P a g e
*e !ourt sould adopt te retri)utive approa! in tese !ases.
CO!STT#TO!A( +A("T1 O& CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T:
2rti!le .1 o" te /onstitution o" India provides Prote!tion o" li"e an
d personal li)ert$ to ever$
people. 2nd te deprivation o" li"e o" an$one is un!onstitutional under 2rti!le .
1. It also said tat
No person sall )e deprived o" is li"e or personal li)ert$ e&!ept a!!ording to pr
o!edure esta)lised
)$ la%' it means' i" tere is a pro!edure ten state !an deprive a person "rom is
li"e.
In man$ !ountries tere as )een a demand "or a)olition o" te deat penalt$
and in some tis
demand as )een a!!epted and deat penalt$ as )een a)olised. In India' too tere ar
e man$ so!ial
%orkers in!luding la%$ers and #udges %o ave voi!ed tis demand. Prominent amongst
tem are
>ag%ati E. and Orisna I$er E. )ot "ormer #udges o" te Supreme /ourt' Orisna I$er
E. ver$
re!entl$ %ile addressing a 7uman Rigts organi?ation strongl$ e&pressed imsel" in
"avor o" te
a)olition o" deat penalt$.
Eusti!e 2.O. Iangul$ o" te Supreme /ourt as termed te a%ard o" deat senten!e as
U)ar)ari!'
anti(li"e' undemo!rati! and irresponsi)leU %i! is UlegalU in te prevailing #udi
!ial s$stem. *e
do!trine o" te !rime "alling in te Qrarest o" rareQ !ategor$ in a%arding te dea
t penalt$ %as a
Ugre$U area as its interpretation depended on individual #udges. 7e !aution
ed tat )e"ore giving
deat penalt$' a #udge must )e Ue&tremel$ !are"ulU and %eig U
mitigating and aggravating
!ir!umstan!es
18
U.
So "ar as !onstitutionalit$ is !on!erned it as to )e !onsidered in te ligt o" te
provision o" te
/onstitution o" India. In India' troug 2rti!le .1' te State is given te po%er to
take a%a$ te li"e
o" a person troug a pro!edure esta)lised )$ la%. *is means tat troug tere is a
pro!edure
esta)lised )$ la%' state !an deprive a person o" is li"e. *roug #udi!ial pronoun
!ements' tis
pro!edure is interpreted to mean' a "air' #ust and reasona)le one. *oug te !onst
itutional validit$
o" te deat punisment %as !allenged as violative o" 2rti!le 1: and .1 o" te /onst
itution o"
India' )e!ause it didnHt provide an$ pro!edure to te /ourt upeld te validit$ o"
deat senten!e.
Sin!e te pro!edure )$ %i! te li"e is taken is "air' #ust and reasona)le. *e #udg
es are given

ample po%er to e&er!ise teir dis!retion to a%ard deat penalt$ as against impriso
nment "or li"e.
18 ttpBCCarti!les.timeso"india.indiatimes.!omC.;11(11(19CindiaC8;4;117:V1Vdeat(
penalt$(s!(
#udge(te(rarest(o"(rare(!ategor$
19 | P a g e
*e <uestion o" !onstitutional validit$ o" deat penalt$ as )een raised )e"ore te
Supreme /ourt o"
India more tan on!e. In !ase o" >agmohan Singh v. State of #ttar 'radesh
*3
' te !onstitutional
validit$ o" deat penalt$ %as upeld )$ te Supreme /ourt )$ a unanimous de!ision o
" te "ive
#udges !omposing te >en!.
In !ase o" Rajendra 'rasad v. State of #ttar 'radesh
*7
' Orisan I$er E. said tat deat penalt$
dire!tl$ a""e!ts te li"e o" te people guaranteed under 2rti!le .1 o" te /onstitu
tion. >ut it as )een
provided )$ la% and tere is noting like due la% in 2rti!le .1. *ere"ore' it is v
alid. 7e "urter
said tat to impose deat penalt$ te t%o tings must )e re<uiredB
*e spe!ial reasons sould )e re!orded "or imposing deat penalt$ in a !ase.
*e deat penalt$ must )e imposed onl$ in e&traordinar$ !ir!umstan!es.
*e <uestion %as again !onsidered )$ a "ive #udges >en! in !ase of ,achan Singh +
. State of
'unjab
*8
' parti!ularl$ in vie% o" !ertain o)servations o" Orisan I$er E. In
>a!an Sing !ase
#udges !onsidered te so!ial' eti!al and even spiritual aspe!t o" deat penalt$ %i
le upolding te
!onstitutional validit$ tereo".
>ut )$ a ma#orit$ o" "our to one' >ag%ati E. in >a!an Sing !ase re!orded a disse
nting note.
>ag%ati' E. in is dissenting #udgment as given a num)er o" reason
s "or olding tat deat
penalt$ is not onl$ un!onstitutional )eing violative o" arti!les 14 and .1 )ut a
lso undesira)le "rom
several points o" vie%U. One o" te reasons given )$ im is tat deat penalt$ is ir
revo!a)le )e!ause
te e&e!ution o" te senten!e o" deat in su! a !ase makes mis!arriage o" #usti!e i
rrevo!a)le.
7e re"erred to te >ook 1eat Penalt$ in 2meri!a )$ 7ugo 2. >edau %i! !atalogues 7
4 !ases in
%i! it as )een responsi)l$ !arged and in most o" tem proved )e$ond dou)t tat per
sons %ere
%rongl$ !onvi!ted and e&e!uted toug inno!ent. It is no dou)t true tat !onvi!tion
and e&e!ution
o" an inno!ent man "or murder so!ks te uman !ons!ien!e and it is also true tat u
man #udgment
is not in"alli)le )ut I ma$ respe!t"ull$ point out tat te !riminal la% in
our !ountr$ is eavil$
loaded in "avor o" te a!!used and an erroneous !onvi!tion is not at all possi)le
. In 0ngland and
2meri!a te trial is )$ #ur$ and it ma$ %it utmost onest$ more re
adil$ re!ord an erroneous
verdi!t o" guilt$ tan a #udge. 2 #ur$ is ver$ mu! in"luen!ed )$ te !onsideration
tat te interests
14 2IR 1:78 S/ :47

19 2IR 1:7: S/ :1N

1N 2IR 1:L; S/ L:L
1N | P a g e
o" te so!iet$ demand tat no o""ender %o perpetrates a so!king !rime sould es!ape
te !lut!es
o" la% and te punisment e deserves. 2 #udgeQs approa! in our !ountr$ is more !au
tious. 7e is
guided )$ te prin!iple tat undred guilt$ persons ma$ es!ape )ut not one inno!ent
person sould
)e !onvi!ted.
!O C)A!C$ &OR !>#STC$:
It is on te )asis o" tis prin!iple tat in India )ene"it o" a reasona)le dou)t is
given to te a!!used
even in !ases o" murder. 2 de"ense !ounsel uses all is skills and ingenuit$ to !
reate a dou)t in te
mind o" te #udge and e gets repeated opportunities to do so. I" e "ails in te tr
ail !ourt' e makes
a se!ond attempt in te 7ig /ourt and a tird one )e"ore te Supreme /ourt. *us te
possi)ilit$
o" an erroneous !onvi!tion is %oll$ e&!luded.
2part "rom tis te po%er o" pardon' remission and !ommutation o"
senten!e vested in te
Iovernor and te President "urnises anoter sa"eguard against a #udi!ial
error in te matter o"
punisment. *e %ole matter is e&amined %it great !are and !aution %ile e&er!ising
te said
po%er' keeping in vie% te interests o" te individual on te one and' and interest
s o" te so!iet$
on te oter. *e President is te ele!ted ead o" te State and is e&pe!ted to give e
""e!t to te %ill
o" te people. *us a !onvi!t !annot )e e&e!uted unless te e&treme penalt$ in a pa
rti!ular !ase is
not onl$ !onsidered proper in a #udi!ial verdi!t )ut is also in !onsonan!e %it t
e %ises o" te
people in general. I need not re"er to oter aspe!ts o" te matter %i! ave )een de
alt %it at
lengt )$ Sarkaria E' in is ela)orate ma#orit$ #udgment )ut I %ould like to stres
s one aspe!t o" te
matter. I "ail to see %$ too mu! importan!e sould )e atta!ed to te li"e o" an in
dividual %o as
)een "ound guilt$ o" a einous o""en!e %en te interests o" te so!iet$ demand tat
deat penalt$
sould )e a%arded to im.
O"ten in te event o" a riot te poli!e are re<uired to open "ire in te interests
o" so!iet$ to disperse
an unrul$ mo) indulging in arson and violen!e to restore order i" oter metods "a
il. In su! a "iring
even inno!ent persons are killed. Sall %e sa$ tat te poli!e sould never resort t
o "iring to <uell a
riot or to disperse a riotous mo) merel$ )e!ause tere is a risk o" inno!ent pers
ons )eing killedT No
one %ill ever sa$ tat. I" so %$ sould %e ave <ualms o" !ons!ien!e in a%arding de
at penalt$ to
an o""ender in e&treme !ases %ere te interest o" te so!iet$ demands it. *e re"or
mative aspe!t o"
#usti!e is no dou)t ver$ important. >ut %e do !ome a!ross !riminals %o are )e$on
d redemption.
17 | P a g e
0ven Orisna I$er E. %o strongl$ advo!ated te so!ial and uman aspe!t
o" la% !on!eded in

Ra#endra PrasadQs !ase tat deat penalt$ ma$ )e legall$ permissi)le %

en e !an never )e
re"ormed.
Moreover' te /riminal +a% provides ample sa"eguards. 5nder se!tion
894,8- o" te /ode o"
/riminal Pro!edure te /ourt as to give spe!ial reasons "or a%arding te deat pena
lt$. Se!tion
.89,.- provides a earing a"ter !onvi!tion on te <uestion o" senten!e. 7anging o"
a murderer gives
no pleasure to a #udge. 7e merel$ dis!arges a pain"ul dut$ %ile a%arding te deat
senten!e in
te interests o" te so!iet$. Me !an' tere"ore' repose trust in te #udges tat te$
%ould dis!arge
tis onerous "un!tion %it s!rupulous !are and uman !on!ern )earing in mind tat im
prisonment
"or li"e is te normal penalt$ "or murder %ile deat penalt$ is to )
e a%arded onl$ %ere te
o""ender appears to )e e&tremel$ depraved and a potential mena!e
to so!iet$. So "ar as te
!onstitutional aspe!t is !on!erned ver$ !ogent reasons are given in
te ma#orit$ #udgment "or
upolding te !onstitutional validit$ o" deat penalt$.
*o sum up' tere !an )e no dou)t a)out te !onstitutionalit$ o" te deat penalt$ in
our !ountr$. 2s
regards its propriet$ in a parti!ular !ase te matter as to )e le"t to te dis!ret
ion o" te #udge %o
as to )ear in mind tat normall$ imprisonment "or li"e is te appropriate senten!e
"or murder under
se!tion 8;. IP/' parti!ularl$ in te !ase o" a %oman. In te !ase o" adult males d
eat senten!e ma$
)e a%arded in !ases %ere te murder and te entire !ir!umstan!e o" te !ase so% tat
e is a
potential mena!e to te so!iet$. *e <uestion o" propriet$ o" deat penalt$ in a pa
rti!ular !ase as to
)e #udged not merel$ "rom te point o" vie% o" te a!!used= te interests o" te !om
munit$ as a
%ole must also )e taken into !onsideration.
/ie" Eusti!e /andra!ud e&pressing te vie% o" te tree Eudges o" te Supreme /ourt
in Sher
Singh v State of 'unjab
*9
eld tat deat senten!e is !onstitutionall$ valid and permissi)le %itin
te !onstraints o" te rule in >a!an Sing. *is as to )e a!!epted as te la% o" te l
and.
*e !allenge tou!ing te !onstitutionalit$ o" te deat senten!e also sur"a!ed in Tr
iveniben v
State of %ujarat
*:
and te Supreme /ourt asserted a""irmativel$ tat te /onstitution does
not
proi)it te deat penalt$.
17 2IR 1:L8 S/ 4N9
1L 2IR 1:L: S/ 1889
1L | P a g e
Section 2/2 of ndian 'enal Code
*;
:
In !ase o" Mithu v. State of 'unjab
0/
' it %as !ontended tat mandator$ senten!e o" deat "or

murder !ommitted )$ li"e(!onvi!ts under se!tion 8;8 o" IP/ is violative o" rigts
guaranteed under
2rti!le 14 and .1. *ere"ore' se!tion 8;8 o" IP/ is un!onstitutional not onl$ "or
te reason tat it is
unreasona)le and ar)itrar$ )ut also )e!ause it autori?es deprivation o" li"e )$
an un#ust and un"air
pro!edure. Se!tion 8;8 o" IP/ provides punisment "or murder )$ li"e
!onvi!t(Moever' )eing
under senten!e o" imprisonment "or li"e' !ommits murder' sall )e punised %it dea
t.U In tis
!ase Supreme /ourt strike do%n se!tion 8;8 o" Penal /ode as un!onstitutional and
de!lare it void.
"elay in e-ecution of the death sentence:
1ela$ in e&e!ution o" deat senten!e is a "a!tor %i! ma$ )e take
n into !onsideration "or
!ommuting te senten!e o" deat to li"e imprisonment. In te !ase o"
Triveniben v. State of
%ujarat
0*
' te Supreme /ourt eld tat U....undue long dela$ in e&e!ution o" te deat senten!
e %ill
entitle te !ondemned person to approa! tis !ourt %ill under 2rt 8.'
)ut tis !ourt %ill onl$
e&amine te nature o" dela$ !aused and !ir!umstan!es ensued a"ter senten!e %as "i
nall$ !on"irmed
)$ te #udi!ial pro!essW..No "i&ed period o" dela$ !ould )e eld to make te senten
!e o" deat in
e&e!uta)le. I" te Supreme /ourt "inds te dela$ to )e undue in te "oregoing sense
' te !ourt %ould
<uas te senten!e o" deat and su)stitute "or it te senten!e o" imprisonment o" li
"e to tat a!!used.
Pro!edure esta)lised )$ la% in 2rti!le .1 means a pro!edure %i! is #ust' "air an
d reasona)le.
7en!e' an$ !ir!umstan!e %i! renders te senten!e ars' un#ust or un"air' o""ends 2
rti!le .1. 2n
undue long dela$ in e&e!ution o" te deat senten!e a"ter its !on"irmation ,ss. 41
8(419' /rP/-' "or
%i! te a!!used imsel" is not responsi)le' renders te senten!e ars and un#ust as
it !auses
additional torture and inuman treatment.
Ro6e< )anging:
*e <uestion %as arisen )e"ore te Supreme /ourt in 1eena v. 5nion
o" India' %eter te
e&e!ution o" deat penalt$ )$ anging )$ rope is !onstitutional or notT
Supreme /ourt eld tat te metod pres!ri)ed )$ s. 894,9-' /r. P./.
"or e&e!uting te deat
senten!e does not violate te provision !ontained in 2rti!le .1 o" te /onstitutio
n. *e s$stem o"
1: Mr. Iaur O.1' Indian penal !ode' "ourt edition .;;:' pg no. 4:..
.; 2IR 1:L8 S/ 478
.1 2IR 1:L: S/ 1889
1: | P a g e
anging )$ rope is in operation in large parts o" te !ivili?ed %orld and tere is
a responsi)le )od$
o" s!ienti"i! and legal opinion %i! olds tat anging )$ rope is not a !ruel mode
o" e&e!uting te
deat senten!e.
'ublic< )anging:
2noter <uestion %as arisen )e"ore te Supreme /ourt in +a!ma 1evi v
. State o" Ra#astan

%eter "or te e&e!ution o" deat penalt$ pu)li! anging is !onstitutional or notT
6or ans%ering tis <uestion Supreme /ourt adopted li)eral vie% and eld tat pu)li!
anging is not
pres!ri)ed in te prison rules tere"ore it is un!onstitutional.
'R!C'($ O& RAR$ST O& RAR$:
No%' te #udi!iar$ as evolved its o%n #urispruden!e in evaluating %i! !ases are t
o )e !onsidered
as "it ones "or a%arding !apital punisment. *us !apital punisment is a%arded onl
$ in rarest o"
rare !ases. *e determination o" tis is ver$ di""i!ult. *ere are vario
us de!isions in %i! te
determination o" rarest o" te rare %as in <uestion. *e /ourt !o
uld not "ollo% an$ uni"orm
guideline to rea! a !on!lusion' and te su)#e!tivit$ o" te #udges als
o pla$ a vital role in tis
determination. *e deat senten!e sould )e imposed in te rarest o" te rare !ase. *
e Supreme
/ourt in Ma!i Sing v State o" Pun#a) ,1:L8- ape& !ourt laid do%n a "e% prin!iple
s %i! %ere
to )e kept in mind %ile de!iding te <uestion o" senten!eB
X Is tere someting un!ommon a)out te !rime %i! renders senten!e o" imprisonment
"or li"e
inade<uate and !alls "or a deat senten!eT
X 2re tere !ir!umstan!es o" te !rime su! tat tere is no alternativ
e )ut to impose deat
senten!e even a"ter a!!ording ma&imum %eigtage to te mitigating !ir!umstan!es %i
! speak in
"avor o" te o""endersTU
.; | P a g e
R$C$!T RAR$ST O& RAR$ CAS$S O& CA'TA( '#!S)M$!T:
"hananjoy Chatterjee v. State of 5est ,engal ? Ors
00
. *e appellant' 1anan#o$ /atter#ee %as
"ound guilt$ o" o""en!es punisa)le under Se!tions 87N' 8;. and 8L; o" te Indian
Penal /ode )$
#udgment and %as a%arded deat senten!e )$ te session #udge' !on"irmed )$ te 7ig
/ourt. 2
spe!ial leave petition %as "iled )$ te appellant. +eave %as granted )ut te appea
l %as dismissed )$
te Supreme /ourt.
Sushil Murmu v. State of >harkhand
02
' 2 $oung !ild o" : $ears %as sa!ri"i!ed )e"ore Ioddess
Oali )$ te appellant "or is o%n prosperit$ is %at te prose!ution alleges. *e Sup
reme /ourt
a%arded deat penalt$ to te a!!used.
State of #.'. v. Satish
03
' Stressing tat lenien!$ in punising grave !rimes %ould ave serious
!onse<uen!es te supreme !ourt as a%arded te deat penalt$ to a man "or te rape an
d murder o"
a si& $ear old girl.
Ajmal @asab case
07
' on 8 Ma$ .;1;' Mum)ai Spe!ial /ourt !onvi!ted 2#mal Oasa) "or murder'
%aging %ar on India' possessing e&plosives' and oter !arges. On N Ma$ .;1;' te s
ame trial !ourt
senten!ed im to deat on "our !ounts and to a li"e senten!e on "ive oter !ounts.
Oasa) as )een
senten!ed to deat "or atta!king Mum)ai and killing 1NN people on .N Novem)er .;;

L. 7e %as
"ound guilt$ o" L; o""en!es' in!luding %aging %ar against te nation'
sa)le )$ te
deat penalt$. Oasa)Qs deat senten!e %as upeld )$ te >om)a$ 7ig /ourt
ar$ .;11.
2nd on .: 2ugust .;1. is deat senten!e %as upeld )$ te Supreme /ourt
On O!to)er 9' .;1.' 2dditional Sessions Eudge Rames Oumar
1eli /ourt anded
do%n te deat senten!e to te "ive persons' %o ad mer!ilessl$ tortured
!uted te girl
and er lover as te$ %ere opposed to er plan o" getting
te )o$ )elonging to a
S!eduled /aste
.N
.

%i! is puni
on .1 6e)ru
also.
Singal o"
and ele!tro
married to

.. @.;;4A : S// 79:

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.1 | P a g e
Conclusion
In te %ake o" a)ove dis!ussion and ground realities o" present da$ %orld "ollo%i
ng !on!lusions
!an )e dra%nB
*e opposition to a)olition o" te deat penalt$ stems "rom te m$t tat it %ill lead
an in!rease in
te num)er o" murders. *e "a!t is tat in te state o" *ravan!ore tere %ere 1N. mur
ders )et%een
1:4N and 1:9; %en te deat penalt$ %as not in "or!e' >ut in te "ive $ears "rom 1:
9; %en it
%as re(imposed. *ere %ere :N7 murderers. It as )een argued tat it is not possi)l
e to "igt su!
!rimes )$ "raming la%. Mat %e need is to target te root o" !rime.
0ven Orisna I$er E. !on!eded in Ra#endra PrasadHs !ase tat deat penalt$ ma$ )e a
%arded %ere
te killer is su! a monster or a )east tat e !an never )e re"ormed. /riminals' %o
!an )e ired to
kill an$one or to tro% a )om) in a !ro%d killing man$ inno!ent men' %omen and !i
ldren' deserve
no s$mpat$. Me !annot ignore te interests o" te !ommunit$ or te !ountr$ %ile !on
sidering
%eter deat senten!e %ould )e appropriate in a parti!ular !ase. So "ar as #uvenil
es are !on!erned
te$ ave to )e dealt %it under te appropriate 2!ts "or #uvenile o""enders and ter
e is no <uestion
o" a%arding deat senten!e in teir !ase.= *us' a"ter taking into !onsideration te
interests o" te
individuals on te one and and interests o" te !ommunit$ on te ote
r' it %ould )e igl$
imprudent to a)olis te deat penalt$.
.. | P a g e
R$&$R$!C$S
,OO@S R$&$RR$"
1. Mr. Iaur O.1' Indian penal !ode' "ourt edition .;;:' pg no. 4:..
.. +a% /ommission o" India' 89t Report Volume I(III ,/apital Puni
sment- Septem)er

1:N7'Ministr$ o" +a%' Iovernment o" India.

8. F>ring >a!k te 1eat Penalt$'G 5.S. Ne%s K Morld Report ,2pril 1:7N-= reprinte
d in *e
1eat Penalt$' ed. Ir%in Isen)erg ,Ne% 3orkB 7.M. Milson' 1:77-' 188
5$,ST$S R$&$RR$"
*. ttpBCCo&"orddi!tionaries.!omCde"initionCenglisC!apitalD.>punisment.
0. ttpBCC%%%.legal(e&planations.!omCde"initionsC!apital(punisment.tm
2. ttpBCC%%%.lo!alistories.orgC!apital.tml
3. ttpBCC"ai?la%#ournal.)logspot.inC.;;7C1.C!apital(punisment(in(india.tml
7. ttpBCCarti!les.timeso"india.indiatimes.!omC.;11(11(19CindiaC8;4;117:V1Vdeat(p
enalt$(s!(
#udge(te(rarest(o"(rare(!ategor$
8. ttpBCCindiatoda$.intoda$.inCstor$Cdeli(!ourt(senten!es("ive(o"(a("amil$(to(de
at("or(onour(
killingC1C..89.1.tml
.8 | P a g e