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47-2 (Watts
"
11410E
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J. C.D.
' 1973)
7.
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1.
Finds in Vietnam
452
Y a. zh a. ng in Viet Nam
3.
453
454
Hayashi , Minao
1982 ( T}
{)
Jenyns , S
1951
Laufer, B
1927
ze Fan
1959
( )
{ }
Cheng , Te-k'un
Dai , Zhen
1955
D Ying-xin
1977
()
3: 154- 57 , 172
( )
( )
Ling , Shun-sheng
1965
( ) ,
20:163-209
No S.C
1936
Fe Han-ji
1985
Li, Xue-qin
Nguyen , Loc
1985 Strange Artefacts Recently Found at e Phung
Nguyen Site. New Archaeological Discoveries
in 1985. Institute of Archaeology; Hanoi. 7375. (in Vietnamese)
( )
1991
6:273- 275
1982
1912
References:
'54
, { }
:.
Salmony , A
1938
Tan Chung
Gao, Zhi-xi
1981 (r1 } ) 2
Guo , Bao-jun
1938 ( ) ,
X Nai
{ }
20
Ha , Van-tan
1974 Dong Cho site. Khao Co Hoc 16:77-78. (in
Vietnamese)
1978 Th e Phung Nguyen Culture: New Acquisitions
and Prob1ems. Khao Co Hoc 1:5-22. (i n
Vietnamese)
1980 NouveUes ~ berch Prhistoriques et Protohis
tonqu a u Vietnam. Bulletin de l 'cole
1991
1983
( )
Wu , Dai-cheng
1889 { }
, { }
456
CI4 2 ,775 :1: 50 yes ago and 2 ,855 :1: 60 yes ago
(from 1950).
5uoi Chon is the third site which was excavated in
1978 and 1979 (Pham 1985a; Le , Pham & Bui 1991)
The site is located on the flank of a bazan soil hill by
the bank of the 5uoi Chon 5pring in Lat Chieu Yillage
(Dong Nai province) , 4 km from Xuan Loc and 80 km
from Ho Chi Minh City. The relics of the ancient
culture were exposed 00 aD area of several ten
thousand square meters. Among those , the relics
which were determined in the Bronze Age are located
in the southem section. He the cultural layer is 1 m
50 depth with many potsherds of various types of
earthenwares. The number of artifacts collected
include 43 objects. 8 moulds and 4 bronze axes were
found here. In addition, 3 other bronze es were
discover d in 1977
This site was a very large habitation deposit in the
Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. There is a group of
bual s in the Iron Age. The date of this site was
estimated to be as old as the site in Doc Chua , about
over 3,000 years ago and could exist until 2,400-2,500
years ago , coesponded to e site of jar burials in Phu
Hoa (Xuan Lc-Dong Nai) which was dated by Cl4
about2 5 :1: 140 years ago and 2 ,590 :1: 200 years ago
(from 1950)
The fourth site excavated is Bung Bac (Ba RiaYung Tau) (5aurin 1963). It is located on an ancient
swamp deposit , 6 km east-northeast from Baria , at the
latitude of 10. 30 '3 2"N and the longitude of
107" 30'47"E. The ancient cultural relics were exposed
on an area of about 3 00000 m' at the depth of 0 m
6 0-9 m 80. The ancienl architecture of wooden pillars
which were buried plumbly and sticked 1 m 00 into the
ground were found in the excavation. Otherwse , there
were also wooden pillars lying horizontally. The
artifacts collected during investigation and excavation
included stone , wood, potsherds and bronze implements
5tone artifacts account for the largest quantity (1 84) ,
among those , there were 10 moulds. Bronze artifacts
include spears es. This site was a settlement 00 a
swamp with wooden architecture and also a bronze
casting factory. 50me wooden samples that were
anal ysed by C 14 indicated different dates
The sample, Le 2692 , at the depth of 0 m 80 was dated
3080 :1: 40 BP
The sample , Le 2691 , at the depth of 0 m 80 was dated
30 1O :l: 40BP
The sample, Le 2690 , at the depth of 0 m 80 was dated
2640 40BP
dpth
of 0 m 90 was dated
wa s
dated
2.
407
458
3.
The Bronze Cu lture in the Lo wer Basn of the Dong Nai Ri ver
45
460
4.
46 1
The Bronze Culture in the Lower Basin of the Dong Nai River
References
Bernard , Philippe Groslier
1966 lndochi. P. Mounich Nagel-Genye: 194
Dang. Van-thang and Huu-mi Pham
1985 Investigation and Findings in 00 Cat Site (Ho
Chi Minh Ci t y). Recent Archaeological
Discoveries: 120- 121
Dang , Van -th an. Van-tuan Hoang and Huu-cong Pham
1988 Investigation in Go Sao Site (Ho Mon-Ho Chi
Mi City). Recent Archaeological Discoveries:
59-60
Dao , Linh-con
1977 Excavation in Doc Chua. Khao Co Hoc 4:2932
1979 The Excavation in Dua - The Third
Phase (Long Be). Recent Archaeological
Discoveries: 129-1 3 1
Diep , Dink-hoa and Tan-buu Nguyen
1987 Spectrographic Analysis on Bronze Art ifacts
in Doc Chua. Recent Archaeological
Dis coeries: IO107
103 105
462
Vu , The-Iong
1977 About the Bronze Animal Figurine Recently
Discovered in D Chua. Khao Co Hoc 1:41
43
List of Abbreviation
BEFEO = Bulletin de l' Ec ole Franaise d'ExtrmeOrient
PEFEO = Publication de l'Ecole Franaise d'ExtrmeOrient.
BIRA = Bulletin de ) ' Institut des recherches
archeologiques
Fig.4 -1:
The Positions of the metal age sites in the lower basin of the Do ng Nai river
20km
8111
iitilth-'-
,-
-J
--
-o
F
W
:
\
O
o
4
qu
)
Er nz e ar t 1 f act s ( DoC Chua
F1 g 49
- _.
>
2cm
3 javelin
,.>
LJcm
5 brace let.
6 cm
5cm ."p?7l7i'7%
2.
LJcm
2c
10
o 2cm
Fig.49-6: 1.2a- c stone mould s (Suo i Chon ) 3 stone mou ld (D Chua)5 stone bracel et (oc Chua)
stone implement (Doc Chua) 1 10 stone poli shers (Doc Chua )
2cm
4cm
~~
;:-,:"1
2
.\
, ,\
,\
..
1":.,.,' \
r.'
:"
2
.
..
. '
a
,.
-O
l nu
4cm
Fig.4 -7: 1-3 bronze axes ( Bau H ) 4 , 5 bronze sickles ( Bau H) 6 bronze ko"hal be rds ( Bau Hoe)
7 , 8 bronze spears (Bung Bac) 9 , 10 stone mou lds CBung Bac)
L-Jcm
49 8
nor on ze
r UE ( vun
ob
Fl
Tau)
1.
Father D .J. Finn was the first archaeologist who
compared the prehistoric pottery of Hong Kong at
of Vietnam. He made observation 00 the similarity
between the designs of tbe pottery found at Mai Pha site
(Lang Son province) in Vietnam and those ofthe pottery
found in Lamma Island of Hong Kong (Fn 1958). He
persuasively defined that Mai Pha pottery is not the
vessels for buming incense as Mansuy (1 920) thought,
but it is just pierced ring-feet
However. in this case , Father Finn made one
comparison between the p nted pattems ofHong Kong
pottery and incised pattems of Vietnamese pottery
It should be said that painted pottery was not a
distinguishing cultural feature of any prehistoric or
protohistoric cultures in Vietnam. Obviously Vietnamese
painted pottery has not drawn much attention of
archaeologists in their studies
The painted pottery of the Bau Tro culture , a
neolithic culture in Central Vietnam, was in the same
situation for a long time , after a few potsherds wi
painted red-ochre bands or spots were discovered at
Bau Tro site by Patte (1 952). In fact , some painted
pottery of the Bau Tro culture was ignored. But since
the late seventies it has been p d more attention to a
series of archaeological excavations at new sites
belonging to e Bau Tro culture. And then pottery
pnted with red-ochre and black-graphite has been
mentioned as a special feature which distinguishes the
Bau Tro culture from other late Neolithic or Early
Metal Age cultures in northern and north central
Vietnam and relates it with the pre-Sa Huynh and Sa
Huynh cultures in central and south-central Vietnam
(Ha Van Tan 1980)
SaHuynh p nted pottery is another complex which
was known long ago but has only been researched
carefully for a few recent decades. Th e first discoveries
and publications about Sa Huynh were made by French
scholar (Parmentier 1925; Colani 1935). Among
foreign researchers, Solheim has my publications on
Sa Huynh pottery (Solheim 1959a, 1959b , 1959c ,
1964, 1974).ln their publications , pnted pottery had a
472
2.
The Bau Tro culture is distributed in the coastal pln
from Nghe An province to Quang Binh province. It has
two local fa Thach Lac type in Nghe An and Ha
Tinh provinces and Bau Tro in Quang Binh province
Generally there were 4 phases of developmen t. Accordmg e materials in hand, the sequence of these 4
phases is clearly shown in Thach Lac facies whereas the
early phes have not yet been found in Quang Binh
Some reasonable evidence allows us to find the origin
ofthe Bau Tro culture (Thach Lac type) from the Quynh
Van culture , which existed before that in the same 'ea
Probably , Bau Tro inhabitants , in the late phases ,
expanded their settlement areas to the south. We do not
have radiocarbon dates for Bau Tro tes but the C 14
dates ofthe related cultures can be used for dating. The
Quynh Van site has dates of 4785:!: 75 B.P. (Bln 91411)
and 4730:!: 75 B.P. (Bln 914/2). Therefore , the earliest
phase of the Bau Tro culture could not have been more
than 4500 yes ago. Its latest phase is believed to be
contempory with the early phase ofthe Phung Nguyen
culture in North Vietnam which has C 14 dates of 3405
:!: 100 B.P. (Bln-891) , 3340:!: 70 B.P. (AA-2773) , 3280
:!: 55 B.P. (AA-2772) , 3050:!: 80 B.P. (Bln-3711). So the
final limit of the Bau Tro culture can be speculated to
be 4000 - 3500 years ago
Bau Tro painted pottery seemed to appear at the end
of the second phase , become popular in the 3rd phase
and get polymorphic in the 4th phase. In the 2nd phase ,
only some sherds have been found simply covered with
a very thin layer of red-ochre. It is remarkable at
red-ochre painted pottery appeared simultaneously
with the appearance of the incised decoration. In terms
of form. painted pottery was similar to other contem
porary pottery with cord-impressed decoration or
without decoration. Most of them were vessels with
round bottoms. The ones with ring-feet were very rare.
In the 2nd phase of the Bau Tro culture , the red
ochre p pottery was sc'ce and in my cases It
was difficult to di stinguish 15 painted decoration from
pottery slip. But in the 3rd phase , red-ochre p nted
pottery became popular and it is easy to recognize its
deliberate decorative puose. It was possible to study
this painted pottery with the materials from some
typical sites such as Trai Oi (Nghe An province). Here
e painted pottery made up 15.2% of pottery sherds
collected in only one excavation. Painted pattems here
were simple and unvaried , there were simply tWQ
p'allel red-ochre bands horizontally painted around
the mouth of the vessel (er outside or inside or at
both sides).
'I:{
at
474
3.
Up to now , Vietnamese archaeologists think that Bau
Tro pottecomplex was followed by a number of
pottery complexes of pre-Sa Huynh date. Like the Sa
Huynh culture , the pre-Sa Huynh sites distributed along
the coastal plain in Southm Central Vietnarn
To date , some archaeologists suggest a sequence of
pre-Sa Huynh development from Long Thanh to Binh
Chau.
The Long Thanh site in Quang Ngai province has
two C 14 dates of 3370 40 B.P. (Bln-1972) and 2875
:!: 60 B.P. (Bln-2094). 1t is the eponymous site of a
cultural type in this area. Some researchers classify the
Long Thanh type as ofthe early phase ofthe Sa Huynh
cultu. Others think it belonged to the pre-Sa Huynh
culture. One of the cultural elements of Long Thanh
4 7
476
4.
Owing to e situation of Vietnamese paintd pottery
which is generaIly and briefly mentioned here , it is
sensible to confirm the existnce of a special painted
pottery tradition of Vietnam. It has its history of
evolution and its own characteristics to be easily
distinguished from the painted pottery of other areas in
the world. Its stting date was linked with the late phase
of the Bau Tro culture , in about the last quter of the
3rd mi11ennium B. C. and the ending date was linked
with the late phase of the Sa Huynh culture , in about the
1st or 2nd century B.C. In studying the two mi11ennia
developng process of Vietnamese painted pottery , we
References:
Bui , Vinh
1984 The Decrat i ve Art 0 0 Pottery at Den Doi
(Nghe Tinh ). Khoo Co Ho c 3:3 1- 42. (in
Vetnamese)
Colani , M
1935 La Ceromique de So Huynh. The 2nd Congress
of Far-Eastern Prehistorians in Manila ,
Finn, D. J
1958 Archaeological Finds on Lammo Island. Ri cci
Publications; Uni versity of Hong Kong
Ha, Van-tan
1978a Nghe Tinh in Prehistoric and Early Historic
Vietnam. Khoo Co Hoc 2: 21- 29. (in Vietnamese)
1978b The Phung Nguyen Culture: New Acquisitions
and Problems. Khoo Co Hoc 1:5- 23. (in
Vietnam)
177
Mansuy, H.
1920 Contribution l' tude de la Prhistoire de
l' lndochine II Gisements Prhistoriques des
Environs de Lang-Son et de Tuyen Quang
Bulletin du Service Gologique de l'lndochine
VlI: 2
Ngo, Si-hong
1984-1985 TheSaHuy1 Culture: RecentDiscoveries
Asian Perspectie XXVI(I):153-155
1989 Decoration of Pottery in Ea rl y Sa Huynh Culte. Khoo Co Hoc 1:54- 63. (in Vietnarnese)
Nguyen, Duy-ty
1977 Continuing to Excavat on at the Doc Chua Site
Khoo Co Hoc 1:33- 40. (in Vietnamese)
Nguyen, Trung-chien and Quy Vo
1987 Periods of the Neo \i thic in the Coastal Plains of
Northern and Central Trung Bo. Khoo Co Hoc
4: 17-30. (in Vietnarnese)
Parmentier, H
1925 D p de jarres Sa Huynh (Quang N A n
Nam). BEFEO XXIV( I- 2): 325-343
Pat E
V namese)
Solheim, rr w. G
1959a Sa Huynh Pottery Re lationships in Southeast
Asia. Asioll Perspective 1JI(2): 47- 50
1959b Intrruction to Sa Huynh. Asian Perspective
1JI(2):97- 108.
1961 Sa Huynh Related Pottery in Southeast Asia
Asion Perspective III(2): 17 7-18
1964
I96
1
Niah
t
:oric
Pe rs
pe
'cll
1. In troduction
The first discovery of painted pottery in Hong Kong
was made by F r. Finn in 1933-34 at Tai Wan , Lam ma
(Finn 1958:38). From the considerab le depth at which
the painted pieces were found and their completely
different styles , Finn surmi sed at this type of pottery
was ear1ier than the geometric wares. Another early
archae ologi Walter Schofield , divided the geometric
pottery into two phases: Bronze Age with high fired
stoneware , and Late Neolithic wi soft fine paste
geometric pottery. Thusom the pre-war work in
Hong Kong , and from the early work by Chinese archaeologists in Guangdong and Fujian , it was c1ear that
the soft geometric pottery dominated the later part of
the Neolithic. The painted pottery found in e 1930's
by Finn at T Wan and by another priest , Fr. Maglioni
(1 975:32- 35) , in Heifeng distri. was assigned to an
earlier phase of the Neolithic , but the precise date of
this phase was the subject of much speculation
The matter rested there until the 1960 when K.c.
Chang' s theories of a Lungshanoid" expansion from
the Central Plains into South China began to be applied
locally. Jarnes Watt (1968: 13- 15) believed at the
Lungshanoid expansion brought painted and other fine
pottery types into Guangdong , and provided the basis
for the early geometric pottery which followed. Chang
himself (1967: 107 ) cited some pottery traits from
Maglioni's site in Haifeng as evidence of a deep
penetration of the Lungshanoid in to coastal South
China. Watt believed that the Lungshanoid only
reached Hong Kong very late , and was followed
c1 0sely by the early geometric. Dating remained largely
a matter of conjecture, especially after the C 14 dates
from South China in the late 1970' s began to unravel
the very concept of a Lungshanoid expansion
The excavations at Sham Wan in the 1970 's
(Meacham 1978) brought the question of painted
pottery into sharper focus , on account of its total
absence in a rich cultural deposit that was c1early
pre-geometric and that had most of the other traits
formerly attributed to the Lungshanoid. However , at
another Larnrna island site , Tai Wan , excavated in 1979
480
(Meacham
1986:107)
On Dating
References:
Ch g
Kwang-chih
1967 The Archaeology oJ Ancient China. Yale
University Press; New Haven and London
Finn , Daniel J. , S .J
1958 Archaeological Finds on Lamma Island. Ricci
Publications , University ofHong Kong (reprint
of a series of artic1es published in 1933-36 in
The Hong Kong Naturalist)
Maglioni , Fr. Rafael
1975 Archaeological Discovery in Eastern
Kwangtung. Joumal Monograph ll; Hong Kong
Archaeological Society (based on a manuscript
written in 1951-53).
Meacham , William
1978 Sham Wan , Lamma Island; an Archaeological
Site Study (editor). Joumal Monograph 1lJ;
Hong Kong Archaeologic a1 Society
1986 Note on the Middle Neolithic Sequence in the
Light of Hac Sa. Journal of the Hong Kong
Archaeological Soci xi:106- 108
Peters , Heather A. and S.M. Bard
1982 Tai Wan. Journal 01 the Hong Kong Archaeological Society ix:41 -45
Watt, James
1969 Archaeological Finds in Hong Kong and their
Cultura1 Connections. Journal 01 the Hong
Kong Archaeological Socie i:l0 18
481
LABNO
(Painted pone culture)
Har-2522
54626
54627
60313
60315
62188
62189
(Incised potte
LAB RESULTB.P
CAL. RESULT B. C
SITE
51 +1- 1
4221-3700
5230 +1- 1
5450 +1-150
434 -3789
HaiDeiWan
YungLong
Yung Long
Yung Long
Yung Lo ng
YungLong
YungLong
5490 +1-220
4880 +1- 170
4710 +1-130
culture)
1-8827
4220 +1 100
4570 +1- 130
R-4585
4000 3
42857
42858
63461
45150
5050 +1-1
3990 +1- 160
5200 +1-
4410+1- 80
4610 +J.
Har 6
795
3076-2505
3640-2920
3360-1696
4040-3640
3990-3137
4221-3817
Sai Wan
Chung Hom Wan
ShamWan
FuTei
Fu Tei
Fu Tei
Kwo Lo Wan
Kwo Lo Wan
3350-29
3628-3039
Ca l. Result B. C. is based 00 the calibration program 1987 (Rev. 2.0) published by the Quaternary lsotope Lab ofthe
Uni versity of Whington
Laboratory numbers are from Beta An alytic , USA except Har (Harwell. UK) , 1 (Teledyne Isotope USA) , and R (Institute of
Nucle Scienc New Ze aland)
Notes:
Fig.e
4665-3980
3775-3100
4838-3816
4034-3199
3780-3047
47 +1-120
51-1:
1700
4585/1
240-
Har
6
26(
2800
8827
3
60313
62187
60795
42858
62188
3203403
Har
2522
54626
380
60315
54627
4200
4800
Figure: 51-2
INCISED
PAINTED
484
F ed Vill in
Northeas[ Thailand
2. Discussion
Prehistoric settlements are found in moated sites in
Northeast Thailand. People had to live on mounds to
guard against floods in rainy seasons. They had to heap
soil to make the mounds higher. and they had to drain
the water off to make their habitation environment COffifortable. Early sett1ers at Ban Dong Phlong began to li ve
on a low mound that was surrounded by swampy land
485
486
3. Concluding remarks
There are four stages of fortifying villages in Northeast
Thailand. The first stage appeared before the third
century BC. Small ditches were dug to improve living
condition in swampy area. The main aim of digging a
ditch was to drain water off.
The second stage appeared in the first century BC
Defensive installations such as ditches and fences were
constructed. Economic and social development based
00 rice cultivation and industries iofluenced the social
systems and created tensions among the villages and
chiefdoms in the Northeast
The third stage came after the Christian era
Economic and social development caused many
problems. Bigger ditches were dug around the habita
tion area to ensure protection for their soci aJ groups
The fourth stage was the Dvaravati period
Chiefdoms and kingdoms were bom in Southeast Asia
In Thailand Dvaravati kingdom influenced many
villages in the Northeast. Big moats d ear works
were constructed for protection and hydraulic control
The constructions of moats were carried out 00 the
basis of strict planning in advance
Reference:
Buriram Province Tourist OflC
1990 Discover Buriram. Buriram
Chantaratiyakarn , P.
1984e POllery from B Chiang Hian and Related
Sites. in C. Highn and Amphan Kijngarn
Prehistor;c Investi gations in Northeast
Tha i /a nd. BAR Intemational Series 231(i)
Oxford: 59~21
Higham , C.
1977 Th e Prehistory of the Southem Khoral Plateau ,
North East Thailand wi Particular Reference
to Roi Province. Modern Quaternary
Research in Southeast Asia 3: 103-4 1
Indrawoo P
1991
1991
Niua, E
1992
Suchitta, P
1983 Characteristics of Ancient Pottery in the
Mun-Chi Basin. Muang Boran Journal 1
85- 91
E
z
8ue uON l B Salnl 3nl1S Ie3!8oIo~e lV E 8ueA uON lB 3PG pU ~3UC).'I Z ~H S BUB UON 1 :1- Z!l '8!.
WOOl
/,
,
,
200 m
'--
= ~G HIAN
e---
"-
29u)n4hh
lhatg n n phi ona
r ac
gt
9
an C nt ar
n
an
y ak a n 984)
h
FO
ua ua
t Bada
ph o n
gd r ngg
oaa
nn
nen
ruo
s as
acy(
eak
nr gt2
- eat lao
35 gs DN
(a
h e a
n a
nn ngo
f
t
u
)
a
y n
a
g kd2 2 l
R
F
M
O
500 m
J
The Publication List of Professor Cheng Te-k'un
1932
On e
Duplication of Geographical Names in China"*, Yenching hseh-pao, Pekjng; also Tung-pei ts'ung-k'an ,
Mukden
Translation: Languages and Di aJ ects in China" byP. C. VonMllendor Hung-ch 'iao Month Pekjng
Shan-hai-ching and lts
Commentaries Shen-chou-kuo-kuang-sheh
Shanghai
Sketches of An Archaeological Investigation Trip to Hopei , Honan and Shantung" , Yenching hseh-pao ,
Supplement, No. 1
Chung-kuo ming-ch' . in collaboration with Shen We-chun ,
Waseda Universi Tokyo , 1958; Taip 1973
1933
Peking; reprinted at
1934 'The Travels of Emperor Mu , P II" Journal ofthe Royal Asiatic Society , No China Branch.
Readings on Chinese Historical Geography' , Amoy University Press , Amoy
Shui-ching-chu shu-mu lu"* , Journal ofthe University Library , Amoy
1935
1936
l93
7
1938
yeh-k'an , Chungking
1939
l
94o
Anln
trod
cttlO
nt
ot
hePrl
'ehist
or
'icAr
ch
lae
0/
ogyofMan
d
chur
i
r
a MSp Pe
d forthe
ePea
body
1941
1942
'T he Li thic Industries of Prehistoric Szechwan" , Journal of the West China Border Research Society , Chengtu.
1943
Museum , Harvard
490
1945
1946
va
n*
WCUUMu
se
umMono
ogra
ph Serie
:s
No. 1
'The
1947
Seri
No. 2.
WCUU
hr Dated
Museum
1948
1949
1952Ta-ti
ti
k' fa"
1953
1954
1955
T' ang and Sung Jades" , Transactions ofthe Oriental Ceramic Society , London
1956
4 ~ Jl
1959
Introduction to Ch'ien Hsan 's Hsi-yi chin ao t'u , In stitute of Humanistic Studies, Kyoto
Archaeology in China , vo l. 1: Prehistoric China , Heffer, Cambridge. (Translated into Japanese by Hisakazu
Mauz chIT goku k ko gaku - Sen shiji no chIT go yil san kal 1974 . )
Review: 'Ancient Japan" , by J. E. Kidder , Antiquity.
1960
1961
Archaeology in China , vo l. ll: Shang Chou , He'er Cambridge. (Translated into Japanese by Hi sakazu
Matsuzaki , chIT goku k ko gaku tai kei - ln dai no chIT go YIT san kaku , 1974.)
1962
lntroduction to Lee Kay Yeow' s Forty years of Painting and Calligraphy , Kuala Lumpur
Revi 'A ncient China" , by W. Watson , Antiqui.
1963
Archaeology in China , vol. lll: Chou China , Heffer , Cambrid . (Translated into Japanese by Hisakazu
Matsuzaki , chIT goku k ko gaku tai kei - ShIT d no chITgol YIT san kaku , 1974.)
Chung-kuo ti ch 'an-t'ung wen-hua Singapore
Animal Styl in Prehistoric and Shang China'\ Bu l/ etin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities ,
Stockholm
Chou Archaeology" Papers Presented at Ihe Formal Opening ofthe stasiatiska Muse Stockholm
,
1964
Vl
ew
:
Journ
t
aloft
he Roy.
al Soc
i et
yofAr
ts.
Stockholm.
Saraw< k'ao-ku kuan-kan" Nan-yang wen-che, also Nan-yang hseh-pao , Singapore , 1969.
Archaeological Evidence of Chinese Activities in Ancient Saraw" Sinological Researches , Tokyo.
'The Peoples of China" , Nan-yang hseh-pao
Review The Chinese Theory of Arf' , by Lin Yu-tang , Journal ofthe Royal Society of Art.
1968
1969
Kong.
1970
'T' ang Ceramic Wares of Ch' ang-sha" , Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies , Hong Kong.
Review Blanc-de chine" by P. J. Donnelly, Journal ofthe Royal Socie of Arts
Review Fengpitou, Tapenket and the Prehistory ofTaiwan" , by Chang Kwang-chih and others , Antiquity
Review Excavations 01 the Prehistoric Jron lndust in Western Borneo" , by T. Hamsson and S. J. O'Connor ,
Antiquity
1971
The Inconstancy of Character Structure in Chinese Writing" , Journal of Ihe Institute of Chinese Studies
492
1972 Some Chinese Islamic Magic Square" Porcelain" , Wen-wu lui-k'an , Singapore.
Review: The Archaeology of Ancient China" , by Chang Kwang-ch Asian Perspectives , Honolulu
Review:
Review Chinese Conno isse urship e Ko-ku yao-lun'\ translated by Sir Percival
D av
Asia Major.
1973 'The Study of Ceramic Wares in Southeast Asia" , Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies , Hong Kong
The Beginning of Chinese Civ ilition" Antiquity. Japanese translation, Tokyo , 1974.
Reln
Lis C nbridge
1974 Painting as a Recreation in China" , Journal 0/ the lnstitule of Chinese Studi Hong Kong
The Prehistory of China" , T' oung-pao , Leiden
Metallurgy in Shang China" , T' oung-pao, Leiden
New light on Shang China" , Antiquity
Prehistoric Agriculture in C hina" Studia Asiatica in Felicitation ofthe Seventy-fifth An ni versary ofProfessor
Ch'en Shou-yi
The Chinese TraditionaL Culture* , Taipei
Legends in Shui-Ching-chu' , Taipei
Review Japanese Culture, a Short Hi story" , by H. P. Varley and Japanese Ill ustrated Books , by L. G. Dawes ,
Journal of the Royal Socy ofA rts
1975 Exhibition of Archaeological Finds in China" , Journal ofthe Institute of Chinese Studies , Hong Kong
Some New discoveries in Prehistoric and Shang China" , Studies in Han and Pre-Han China , in Honor of
Professor Herrlee Creel ' s Seventieth Birthday
1976 Jade Carving in China" , The Bulletin ofthe Oriental Ceramic Society of Hong Kong , No. 2.
Ceramic Wares from Southeast Asia" , The Journal of Asian A Singapore.
Archaeological Fieldwork and Prehistory in China"' , Journal ofthe Institute of Chinese Sllldies , Hong Kong
Twenty Ming l-min Painters in the Mu-fei C o llection" Journal of the Institute ofChinese Studies , Hong Ko
. Some
1978 Chinese Nature Painting" , Renditions , The Chinese U ni ver ty of Hong Kong
Man and Culture in China
Hong
Kong
The Beginnings of Chinese His try. Race and Cultures in Paleolithic Age" Proceedings of 30th A nn iversa
if Ta
Chin-Han Architectural Remains" , Journal ofthe Institute of Chinese Studies , Hong Kong.
1980
in
Chinese
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Massac hu sett
2 1 38. USA
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Professor
Pham Ly Huong
Professor
Chairman
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Professor
Universi
1 - 21-
English Abstract
Tang Chung
(Th e Chinese University of Hong Kong)
496
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6.
Contents
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
ix
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
xxv
xx
List of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xx
List of Figur.
xxxiv
Preface
Chang Kwang-chih . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
xxxix
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
N otes on Yazhang.
ZIng Xue-hai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
An Introduction on Yazhang.
Gong Qi-ming, Yang Ya-cng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
33
A Study on Yazhang
Teng Shu-p'ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
37
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
in Shenmu
Zhang Chang-shou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
59
11
le
Significance of Shang Dynasty's Yazhang's Moving Route from the Central Plains to the
Southeaslem Coast
Pei An-ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
ADcussion on the Variety , Origin and Religious Signcance of the Sanxingd Yazhang.
Chen De.an . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 87
14. A Study on the Yubi Unearthed from the Site of Houma Oath of Alliance
Tao Zheng -gang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
101
107
11.
16. A Preliminary Study on the Yazhang from the Tai W Site of the Lamma 1s1and in Hong Kong
Yang Bo-da .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
119
17. A Discussion on the Yazhang from the Tai Wan Site of the Lamma 1s1and in Hong Kong
HayashiMio .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
U5
l35
145
20
le
Significance and Date of the Yazhang Unearthed in Lamma Island of Hong Kong
Li Bo-Q n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
155
161
22.
on the Yazhang of Tai Wan in Hong Kong and Some Related Issues
Shang Zhi.tan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
167
23. A Preliminary Discussion on the Yazhang of Guangdong and Hong Kong and Some Related Issues
Yang Shi-ting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 173
24. A Short Discourse on Ta WanJade Yazhang
Wang Bing-hua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
183
25. A Discussion on the Influence of the Spreading of Ancient Culture from the Cenlral Plains to
Lingnan in View of the Yazhang Unearthed in Hong Kong
Ye Wan-song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
189
26. A Prelinlinary Excavation Report on the Tai Wan site at Lamma Island of Hong Kong
Au Ka 1at, Feng Yong-qu, Li G" Tang Chung , Shang Zhi.tan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
195
27. The Date of Tai Wan Yazhang and Some Related Issues
Au Kat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
209
28. Comparative Observations on Stone Objects of the Phung Nguyen Site in Viet Nam and the Tai Wan
Site in Hong Kong
Tang Chung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 215
III.
29. The Shell Mound and Sand Dune Sites and their Settlements in the Pearl Delta Area
Zhu Fei-su . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
219
229
239
............... . ......
255
33. The Relations Between the Bronze Culture and the Late Neolithic Cu!ture in Yunnan
Wang Da-dao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
269
281
35.
APliminary
287
293
PengShin
IV.
36.
37.
299
38. Archaeology at the Southeastem Coast of Chin a and e Orign of the Ausonesi
Chang Kwang-chih . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
311
39.. Prehistoric Painted Pottery and the Daxi Cture at the Circum-Pearl Delta.
HeJie un . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
321
Notable
331
339
.............................. ................... . . w
43. A Brief Discussion on the Re!ations between the Qujialing Culture and e Daxi Culture.
Lin Bang-cun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
357
An Experimental Study on the Manufacturing of the Pottery Designs from the Prehistoric Sand
369
.'
373
46. A Discussion on the Painted Pottery Discovered Zhongshan Longxue and Baishmg.
Yang Shi-ting, Lin Zai-yuan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
379
47.
395
451
49. Some Remarks on 1e Bronze Culture in the Lower Basin of the Dong Nai River
Le Xuan-diem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
455
471
V.
William Meacham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
479
483
489
List of Conlributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
493
Eng1ish Abslracl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
495
JapaneseAb.
497
Postscript
Tang Chung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
499
Eng1ish Cont.
501
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