Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
Feeding him when he shows signs of needing to be fed and crying is actually a late sign of this need.
Staying close to him, and accepting that sleeping and settling is often more comfortable and rewarding
for him if he is not expected to be alone for long periods.
Looking at him, talking to him, playing with him, but taking your lead from his cues (so not insisting on
eye-to-eye contact if your baby turns his face away, not continuing with a game when he shows hes had
enough).
Understanding that when hes still young, he copes best if only one or two special people are involved in
his care, most of the time.
When babies get the chance to develop a secure attachment, and experience parenting that meets their needs
for responsive care, they actually cry less at age eight months than babies who have had more distant or
regulated parenting. Attachment theory explains this by pointing out that a securely attached baby trusts that the
world is a good place and that he is an important part of it he doesnt need to cry as much to alert his parents
to any discomfort, hunger or stress he feels, because he knows other expressions of his feelings will produce a
response. He can be patient, because he is not fearful that hell be ignored.
More recent work on attachment shows that there are several different styles of attachment, and although for
babies, the secure attachment is emotionally-speaking the healthiest, it can take time to develop, and some
parent-baby relationships go through different stages and styles.
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
Answers
Level A
These answers refer to the questions on the text The Bull in the Well by Salma Aroof.
1. Salma writes about her village in Pakistan. What does she mean by my village?
The correct answer is: C. The answer is She used to live there but doesnt live there now.
Salma says I went back to visit my village in Pakistan. This suggests she used to live there
but doesnt any longer. She was just visiting.
4. The men were trying to get the animal out of the well. What did they use?
The correct answer is: C. The answer is that they used both strong ropes and a tractor. Salma
says they were using strong ropes and a tractor .
5. Why were the men so upset about the animal in the well?
The correct answer is: A. The answer is that the men were upset because the animal had
been borrowed from another farmer.
BBC 2011
L1
7. Which two words used to describe the animal show how much it was worth?
The correct answer is: C. The answer is valuable and precious. Both valuable and precious
are adjectives which describe something worth a lot of money.
8. The farmer who had borrowed the bull was able to pay back its owner
The correct answer is: A. The answer is True. Although Salma doesnt actually tell us he did
pay back the money, we know he was able to because he got money from his fellow villagers
for the meat.
10. Which of these proverbs could be used as the moral of this story?
The correct answer is: A. The answer is Unity is strength. The villagers acted together to
save the farmer from ruin.
BBC 2011
L1
3. Shamim gives three situations where it is hard for him to talk, Which one doesnt he mention?
The correct answer is: C. The answer is talking to children and young people. Shamim says
he finds it hard to talk to people that I dont know and he also says I am especially nervous
when I am speaking to an attractive woman. But he doesnt mention children and young
people
BBC 2011
L1
7. Shamim gives an example of why people think he is shy, quiet and unfriendly. What example
does he give?
The correct answer is: A. The answer is that he left a course rather than give a presentation.
He doesnt like speaking in groups or on the phone, but these are general statements rather
than an example of why people regard him as shy, quiet and unfriendly.
8. Shamims friends have given him some advice. How could you sum up this advice?
The correct answer is: B. The answer is be open about your stutter don t try to hide it. His
friends are suggesting that he lets people see his stutter so he can be himself; also they say
that he should tell people that he stutters so they are prepared for it.
9. In explanatory texts writers give reasons by using certain words. What words does Shamim
use to give his reasons?
The correct answer is: C. The answer is as and because. These are words that explain the
reasons for something. For example Shamim explains I even left a course as I had to give a
30 minutes oral presentation. As and because mean the same thing.
10. Most of the verbs in this text are written in a tense typical of explanatory texts. What tense is
this?
The correct answer is: B. The answer is present tense. As in most explanations, Shamim uses
the present tense to show that the issues he talks about are happening on a regular basis.
BBC 2011
L1
BBC 2011
L1
7. In the text, the writer claims that babies who have developed a secure attachment cry less at
age eight months than babies who have had more distant or regulated parenting. The writer
goes on to give the evidence for this claim.
The correct answer is: B. The statement is False. The writer goes on to explain why this might
be, according to attachment theory, but does not back up his or her claim with any evidence.
BBC 2011