DMS Tutorial-1

1a. Write the propositions for the following English statements.

You cannot edit a protected Wikipedia entry unless you are an administrator. Express your
answer in terms of e: You can edit a protected Wikipedia entry and a: You are an
administrator.
b. Let p, q, and r be the propositions
p: You have the flu.
q: You miss the final examination.
r: You pass the course.
Express each of these propositions as an English sentence.
i. p q
ii. (p q) (q r)
2. Find a compound proposition involving the propositional variables p, q, and r that is true
when p and q are true and r is false, but is false otherwise. [Hint: Use a conjunction of each
propositional variable or its negation.]
3. Check whether the following statements are logically equivalent.
p q and (p q) (p q)
4a. Translate the statement into English, where the domain for each variable consists of all real
numbers. x y(x < y)
b. Translate in two ways the statement into logical expressions using predicates, quantifiers, and
logical connectives. First, let the domain consist of the students in your class and second, let
it consist of all people.
Someone in your class can speak Hindi.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Write the propositions for the following English statements.
You can see the movie only if you are over 18 years old or you have the permission of a
parent. Express your answer in terms of m: You can see the movie, e: You are over 18
years old and p: You have the permission of a parent.
b. Let p and q be the propositions
p : I bought a lottery ticket this week.
q : I won the million dollar jackpot.
Express each of these propositions as an English sentence.
i. p q
ii. p (p q)
2. Find a compound proposition involving the propositional variables p, q, and r that is true
when exactly two of p, q, and r are true and is false otherwise. [Hint: Form a disjunction of
conjunctions. Include a conjunction for each combination of values for which the compound
proposition is true. Each conjunction should include each of the three propositional variables
or its negations.]
3. Check whether the following statements are logically equivalent.
(p q) (r s) and (p r) (q s)
4a. Translate these statements into English, where R(x) is x is a rabbit and H(x) is x hops and
the domain consists of all animals.
x(R(x) H(x))
b. Translate in two ways the statement into logical expressions using predicates, quantifiers, and
logical connectives. First, let the domain consist of the students in your class and second, let
it consist of all people.
There is a person in your class who was not born in California.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Write the propositions for the following English statements.
You can graduate only if you have completed the requirements of your major and you do not
owe money to the university and you do not have an overdue library book. Express your
answer in terms of g: You can graduate, m: You owe money to the university, r: You
have completed the requirements of your major, and b: You have an overdue library book.
b. Let p and q be the propositions The election is decided and The votes have been counted,
respectively. Express each of these compound propositions as an English sentence.
i. q p
ii. p q
2. Consider propositional variables p, q and r. Express the following truth table output into
proposition that consists of disjunction and implication.

3. Check whether the following

equivalent.
(p q) r and (p
4a. Translate these statements into
comedian and F(x) is x is
all people.
x(C(x) F(x))

p
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
F

q
T
T
F
F
T
T
F
F

r
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F

output
F
T
F
T
F
T
T
T

statements

are

logically

r) (q r)
English, where C(x) is x is a
funny and the domain consists of

b. Let P(x) be the statement x can speak Russian and let Q(x) be the statement x knows the
computer language C++. Express the sentence in terms of P(x), Q(x), quantifiers, and
logical connectives. The domain for quantifiers consists of all students at your school.
No student at your school can speak Russian or knows C++.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Write the propositions for the following English statements.
To use the wireless network in the airport you must pay the daily fee unless you are a
subscriber to the service. Express your answer in terms of w: You can use the wireless
network in the airport, d: You pay the daily fee, and s: You are a subscriber to the
service.
b. Let p and q be the propositions The election is decided and The votes have been counted,
respectively. Express each of these compound propositions as an English sentence.
i. q (p q)
ii. p q
2. Consider propositional variables p, q and r. Express the following truth table output into
proposition that consists of only conjunctions.

3. Check whether the following

equivalent.
(p q) and p
4a. Translate these statements into
comedian and F(x) is x is
all people.
x(C(x) F(x))

p
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
F

q
T
T
F
F
T
T
F
F

r
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F

Output
F
T
F
F
F
F
F
F

statements

are

logically

q
English, where C(x) is x is a
funny and the domain consists of

b. Let P(x) be the statement x can speak Russian and let Q(x) be the statement x knows the
computer language C++. Express the sentence in terms of P(x), Q(x), quantifiers, and
logical connectives. The domain for quantifiers consists of all students at your school.
There is a student at your school who can speak Russian but who doesnt know C++.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Write the propositions for the following English statements.
You are eligible to be President of the U.S.A. only if you are at least 35 years old, were born
in the U.S.A, or at the time of your birth both of your parents were citizens, and you have
lived at least 14 years in the country. Express your answer in terms of e: You are eligible to
be President of the U.S.A., a: You are at least 35 years old, b: You were born in the
U.S.A, p: At the time of your birth, both of your parents where citizens, and r: You have
lived at least 14 years in the U.S.A.
b. Let p and q be the propositions,
p :You drive over 65 miles per hour.
q :You get a speeding ticket.
Express each of these compound propositions as an English sentence.
i.
p (p q)
ii.
qp
2. Consider propositional variables p, q and r. Express the following truth table output into
proposition that consists of implication and conjunction.
p
T
T
3. Check whether the following T
equivalent.
T
pq and p q F
4a. Translate the statement into F
rabbit and H(x) is x hops F
F
animals.

q
T
T
F
F
T
T
F
F

r
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F

Output
T
F
F
F
T
T
T
T

statements

are

logically

English, where R(x) is x is a

and the domain consists of all

x(R(x) H(x))
b. For the statement find a domain for which the statement is true and a domain for which the
statement is false.
Every two people have the same first name.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Write the propositions for the following English statements.
You can upgrade your operating system only if you have a 32-bit processor running at 1 GHz
or faster, at least 1 GB RAM, and 16 GB free hard disk space, or a 64- bit processor running
at 2 GHz or faster, at least 2 GB RAM, and at least 32 GB free hard disk space. Express you
answer in terms of u: You can upgrade your operating system, b 32 : You have a 32-bit
processor, b 64 : You have a 64-bit processor, g 1 : Your processor runs at 1 GHz or
faster, g 2 : Your processor runs at 2 GHz or faster, r 1 : Your processor has at least 1 GB
RAM, r 2 : Your processor has at least 2 GB RAM, h 16 : You have at least 16 GB free
hard disk space, and h 32 : You have at least 32 GB free hard disk space.
b. Let p and q be the propositions,
p :You drive over 65 miles per hour.
q :You get a speeding ticket.
Express each of these compound propositions as an English sentence.
(pq) v (p q)
2. Consider propositional variables p, q and r. Express the following truth table output into
proposition that consists of implication and conjunction.

3. Check whether the following

equivalent.
p q and (p q)
4a. Let Q(x, y) be the statement x
where the domain for both x
your class. Express each of
xyQ(x, y)

p
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
F

q
T
T
F
F
T
T
F
F

r
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F

output
T
T
F
T
F
T
F
T

statements

are

logically

(q p)
has sent an e-mail message to y,
and y consists of all students in
these quantifications in English.

b. For the statement find a domain for which the statement is true and a domain for which the
statement is false.
There is someone older than 21 years.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Express these system specifications using the propositions p: The message is scanned for
viruses and q:The message was sent from an unknown system together with logical
connectives (including negations).
The message is scanned for viruses whenever the message was sent from an unknown
system.
b. Let p and q be the propositions,
p :You drive over 65 miles per hour.
q :You get a speeding ticket.
r : You do not meet with an accident
Express each of these compound propositions as an English sentence.
(p r) (q r)
2. Consider propositional variables p and q. Express the following truth table output into
proposition that contains conjunction and implication.
p
q output
T
T
T
T
F
T
3. The following sentence is F
T
T
telephone system: If the F
F
T
monitor is put in a closed
state. This specification is hard to understand
statements. Find an equivalent, easier-to-understand
and negations but not conditional statements.

taken from the specification of a

directory database is opened, then the
state, if the system is not in its initial
because it involves two conditional
specification that involves disjunctions

4a. Let Q(x, y) be the statement x has sent an e-mail message to y, where the domain for both x
and y consists of all students in your class. Express each of these quantifications in English.
yxQ(x, y)
b. For the statement find a domain for which the statement is true and a domain for which the
statement is false.
Everyone speaks Hindi.

DMS Tutorial-1
1a. Express these system specifications using the propositions p: The message is scanned for

viruses and q:The message was sent from an unknown system together with logical
connectives (including negations).
When a message is not sent from an unknown system it is not scanned for viruses.
b. Let p and q be the propositions,
p :You drive over 65 miles per hour.
q :You get a speeding ticket.
r : You do not meet with an accident
Express each of these compound propositions as an English sentence.
(p r) (p q)
2. Consider propositional variables p and q. Express the following truth table output into
proposition that contains disjunction and implication.
p
T
T
3. Show that (p r) (q r) F
equivalent.
F

q
T
F
T
F

output
T
F
F
F

and (p q) r are logically

4a. Translate the statement into English, where the domain for each variable consists of all real
numbers.
xy(xy = y)
b. Translate in two ways the statement into logical expressions using predicates, quantifiers, and
logical connectives. First, let the domain consist of the students in your class and second, let
it consist of all people.
Everyone in your class is friendly.