Connective

Tissue
waode astria sahrani

D3 Analis Kesehatan
Mata Kuliah Sitohistoteknologi
Tahun ajaran 2015/2016

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SUBJECTS

Definition of the connective tissue

Cell of connective tissue
Fibers of connective tissue
Ground substance of connective tissue
Type of connective tissue

2. CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Tissue maintain the form of organs throughout the body

Figure 3.1: Difiores Atlas Of Histology

Functions of connective tissues :

1. Connect and bind to cells and tissues in organs.
2. Support the diffusion of nutrients and waste products
to cells.

Connective tissue consists : Cells and

extracellular material called matrix
1.Cells:
a. Fibroblasts
b. Adipocytes
c. Macrophages & the Mononuclear
Phagocyte System
d. Mast Cells
e. Plasma Cells
f. Leukocytes

2. Extracellular material
(matrix) :
a. Protein fibers (collagens, reticular
and elastic fibers)
b. Ground substance (proteoglycans,
glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and
multiadhesive glycoproteins)

Figure 3: Difiores Atlas Of Histology

Cells of connective tissue

Cell Type

Major Product or Activity

Function

Fibroblasts (fibrocytes)

Synthesis of extracellular
fibers and ground substance

Structural

Plasma cells

Production of antibodies

Imunological (defense)

Lymphocytes (several types)

Production of various immune

Imunological (defense)

Eosinophilic leukocytes

Modulate allergic/vasoactive
reactions and defense
against parasites

Imunological (defense)

Neutrophilic leukocytes

Phagocytosis of bacteria

Imunological (defense)

Macrophages

Phagocytosis of ECM
components and debris;
antigen processing and
presentation to immune cells;
secretion of growth factors,
cytokines, and other agents

Imunological (defense)

Mast cells and basophilic

leukocytes

The release of
pharmacologically active
molecules (eg, histamine)

Participation in allergic
reactions

Adipocytes

Storage of neutral fats

Energy reserves

Extracellular material (matrix)

a. Fibers
1. Collagen fibers
Formed by proteins of the
collagen family.
Not elastic, very strong, and
easy to tear when pulled to
the length.
Tough, thick, fibrous
proteins that do not
branch.
Ability to form a variety of
extracellular structures.

a. Protein Fibers
1. Collagen Fibers
Fiber is found in tendons that serves to connect the
muscles, bones and skin .
Most abundant fibers and are found in almost all
connective tissue of all organs (30%).

a. Protein Fibers
1. Collagen Fibers
Catagories of colagen fibers :
a. Type I collagen fibers.
Found in the dermis of skin, tendons, ligaments, and bone.
Very strong and offer great resistance to tensil stresses.
b. Type II collagen fibers.
Present in hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage.
The fibers provide resistance to pressure.
c. Type III collagen fibers.
The thin, branching reticular fibers
Form the delicate supporting meshwork in such organs as the
lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow.
d. Type IV collagen fibers.
Present in the basal lamina of the basement membrane, to
which the basal regions of the cells attach.

a. Protein Fibers
2. Reticular Fibers
Formed by proteins of
the collagen family.
low elasticity, thinner
than collagen fibers.
Function is to connect
the of connective tissue
with other networks .
Fiber is found in liver ,
spleen , and lymph
nodes .
Reticular fibers consist
mainly of collagen type
III.

a. Protein Fibers
3. Elastic Fibers
Elastic fibers are composed mainly of
the protein elastin.
Thinner than collagen fibers.
Have highly elastic properties and a
high degree of flexibility .
Elastic fibers found in blood vessels ,
ligaments , membranes and cartilage
of the larynx .

Extracellular material (matrix)

b. Ground substance
Space between cells and fibers in connective tissue
A lubricant and a barrier to the penetration of invaders

1. Proteoglycans
Composed of a core protein to which are
covalently attached various numbers and
combinations of the sulfated GAGs.
Function:
As structural compoents of the ECM.
Protein binding and storing the signal
coductor.

2. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) /
mucopolysaccharides
Long polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units
GAGs are intensely hydrophilic.
Polyanions, binding a great number of cations (usually sodium).
The largest, almost unique, and most ubiquitous GAG is hyaluronic acid (HA or hyaluronan)

Structure of glycosaminoglycans

3. Multiadhesive glycoproteins
The adhesive glycoproteins are very large molecules.
Branched oligosaccharide chains
Have important roles in the adhesion of cells to their substrate.
Have multiple binding sites for cell surface
receptors (integrins) and for other matrix
macromolecules.

Type of connective tissue

Connection Tissue Proper

L

Loose connective tissue (L) of a gland, dense ireguler (D)

dense regular connective tissue in a tendon

Embryonic Connective Tissue

Mucoid (or mucous) connective tissue

Spesialised Connective Tissue

Reticular Connective Tissue

Thankyou
D3 Analis Kesehatan
Mata Kuliah Sitohistoteknologi
Tahun ajaran 2015/2016