REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE WORK.

SPE-CIFICATIONS 91 92
a>

85

76
Surface
Treatment
Measurements
Materials
Form
Reinforcement
Rate
Reinforced
Cement
Concrete
Work
CONTENTS
Compaction
Finishing
Consistency
Placing
Curing
Expansion
in
requirement
&Tolerance
position
joints
Storage
Stacking
Construction
joints
Strength
Testing
of
of
concrete
concrete
of
Inspection
of
Form
General
Design
Form
Concreting
work
&
Requirement
(Centring
in
construction
&Coarse
Shuttering)
Water,
Cement,
fine work
and
aggregate
M~asurements
Steef
forwork
reillforcement
/ LIST OF BIS CODES

65

77
73
83
78
71
81
85
82 74
74
80
76

71
78
74
/81

68

5.7

5.6.8
5.6.6
5.6.4
5.6.7
5.6.5

..J
Production
ofConcrete
Concrete
Form
Definition
Materials
work
Reinforced
Concrete
Measurements
Rate
. Concrete
-.....
5.4.11
Precast
Measurements
Cement
Jali
Batching
Mixing
Data
for
Mix
design
Laying
Scope
Curing
Marking
General
Fixing
Requirements
Encasing
Rolled
Steel
Sections
Concreting
Design
Mix
Wrapping

93
98
97
91
99
92

66

90
89
91
92
93

5.8.9

99

Approval ofof Acceptance

design mix
Standard

5.8.14
Tolerances
5.8.13
5.8.15
Measurements
Rate
5.8.11
Example
for mix
design
Work strength
Test

5.8.12
5.8.10

99
99

100
103
103
103
Precast Reinforced Concrete
Door &. Window frames

5.9

Fig. ],2

& dimensions -

103

5.9.2

Shape

5.9.3

Materials

103

5.9.4

Castings

103

5.9.5

Mould

104

5.9.6

Protections & Curing

104

5.9.7

Hinges

104

.5.9.8

Arrangements for-door

5.9.9

Fastners

104

5.9.10

Erection

104

&3

Fig. 4 & 5
Fig. 6

103

&7

& window fixtures

104

Appendix

A - Work test for concrete

_ (Mandatory lab test)

105

Appendix

B - Rebound Hammer test

107

Appendix

C - Additional tests for concrete

108

Appendix

D - Register of work Test of concrete

110

1I5

Typical set up of steel wall form work & ties

113 to

Typical standard units & Components of form work.

116 &117

Typical arrangements of column form work.

118

& 119

Fig. 8

Typical details of Beam Head and Stiffener

120

Fig. 9

Typical details of multi-stage shuttering

121

Fig. 10 to 23

Details of expansion joints

Fig. 24 & 25

Seismic separation joints, details at floor and roof level

Fig. 26

122 to 126
127
128

. Construction joints

Fig. 27

& 28

Encasing rolling steel sections

Fig. 29

& 30

R.C.C. door

129

& window frames

130

67

to 13 1

'.

Chapter - 5
LIST OF MANDATORY TESTS:
Meterial

Water for const

Clause

5.1.1

mction purposes

Test

a) Chemical
physical
properties

&

Field/Laboratory
test

Test Procedure

Lab

IS 8025~1964

water from
each source

of chapter
Page 10504, concrete

Before comme , .
-cement of work

Once in a day

a) 20 cum
in slab, beams
&..ronnected
Columns

a) Every 20 cum
of a day's
"
Corcreing

b) 5 cum in .
Columns

b) ~very 5 cum

For all other small items and where RCC done in a day is less than 5 cum;test
may be carried out as required by Engineer-in-Charge.
'

5.4.10.5. d) Hammer
(A)
Test

Frequency of testing

quantity of
material/work
for carrying
out the test.

and thereafter every three

months till .
completion of work

Field
5.4.1 t A'
Lab
c)
Appendix'D'
b) Cube
Slumptest
test5.4.9
.Appendix

Note:

Minimum

Field

Appendix 'B'
page ... 107

Once in every three months or as

directed by the
:i
Engineer- in-charge

R.c.c. Work

List of Bureau oflndian Standard Codes.

Structural
Ste'el
1608-1972
1343-1980
2751
2502
1786-1985
1791-1985
1200-1982
1979
1968
1963
IS
226-1975
1566-1985
1599-'
1200-1974
1985
IS 4925
456
516
-1959
- --1959
1978
Code
of practice
Practices
for
Plain
and
Reinforced
concrete
716-1987
1199
Practice
for
Prestressed
Concrete
Method
for
bend
test
432-1982
(Pt.I)
measurement
of
building
and
civil
(Pt. II)
of
test
for
strength
of
concrete.
Batching
Plants
engineering
Specification
(part5-Form
for
hard-drawn
work)
steel
wire
fabric
for
Concrete
for
sampling
and
analysis
of
forhigh
mild
batch
strength
steel
type
and
concrete
deformed
medium
mixes
steel
tensile
and
wires
bars
for
Pentachlorophenol
Code
of
for
bending
and
fixin[
of
bars
forsteel
concrete
civil
engineering
work-concrete
work
Recommended
practice
for
welding
ofConcrete
mild
steel
plain
and
.Method
for
tensile
testing
of
steel
products
reinforcement
concrete
reinforcement
II
Hard
hard
drawn
drawn
steel
steel
wire.
wire
for
concrete
reinforcement
deformed
bars
for
reinforced
construction
and
steel
wire
for
concrete
reinforcement
Part
Specification
for
concrete
batching
and
mixing
plant
requirement.
'I mild steel and medium tens~le steel bars.

I.

69

19.

IS 6523 - 1983

Specification for precast reinforced concrete door, window

frames

20.

IS -10262-1982

Recommended guidelines for concrete mix Design

21.

IS 13311 (Pt. 1)1992

Indian Standard for non destructive testing of concrete.

Method of test for ultrasonic Pulse velocity

22.

IS 13311 (Pt. II) -1992

Indian standard for non-destructive testing of concrete Method of testing by rebound hammer.

70

5. REINFORCED

CEMENT

CONCRETE
5.0

b)

Hard drawn steel wire conforming to IS

432 (Pt, II) 1982

c)

High strength deformed steel bars conforming to IS 1786-1985

d)

Hard diawn~teel wire fabric conforming

to IS 1566-1982

e)

Structural steel section conforming to IS

226-1975

WORK

General: Reinforced cement concrete

work may be cast-in-situ or Precast as may be

directed by Engineer-in-charge according to
the nature of work.Reinforced
cement concrete work shall comprise of the following
which may be p~jd separately or collectively as
per the description of the item of work.
a)

Form work (Centring and shuttering)

b)

Remforcement

5.1.2.2 Types and Grades

_ Reinforcement supplied in accordance with
this standard shall be classified into the following types.

, c)

Concreting:

1) Cast-in-situ

2) Precast
a)

5.1

Materials

5.1.1' Water, cement, fine and coarse aggregate shilll be as specified under respective
clauses of chapter 03-mortars and chapter 04concrete work as applicable.
5.1.2

i)

Mild steel bars grade I designated as

Fe 41O-S

ii)

Mild steerbars grade II designated

as Fe 410-0

Steel for reinforcement

b)

5.1.2.1 The steel used for reinforcement shall

be any of the following types
. a)

Mild steel bars: It shall be supplid in the

following two grades

Medium tensile steel bars, grade II designated as Fe 540-W-HT.

5.1.2.3 Mild steel and Medium tensile steel

Mild steel and medium tensile bars con.forming to IS 432 (Pt.I) .1982

Physical requirement are given in the following table I

TABLE

S.No.

Type and nom4tal size

of bar

Ultimate
tensile
stress'
N/mm2
minimum

1.

225
'23
240
250
340
350
23
330
20
Mild steel grade;215
I
including. 16mni
20mm
including
20mm.
and
& including
For bars upto

370
540
410
510
370

2.

3.

71

Yield
stress
N/mm2
minimum

Elongation
percent
minimum

Elongation Percent on gauge length 5.6 5 ISO

where so is the cross sectional area of the test

2.

piece.
Note 1. Grade (II) Mild steel bars are not recommended for the use in structures

Welding of reinfocement bars covered

in this specification shall be done in
accordance with the requirements of
IS 2751 - 1979.

Nomimil mass/weight
The tolerance
on
mass/weight for round and square bars shall be
the percentage given in Table II of the mass/
weight calculated on the basis that the masses
of the bar/wire of nominal diameter and of
density 0.785 kg/cm3 or .00785 kg/mm3

located in earthquake zone subjected

to severe damage and for structures
subjected to dynamic loading (other
than wind loading) such as railway and
highway bridges.
Table

II

(Tolerance on nominal mass)

Nominal size in mm
Batch

Tolerance on the nominal mass Percent

Individual
Individual
sample +

~)

sample for coil (-x-)

-4
over
16
3
-6
8 sample
+6
8
7not'specifie~
For
for individual
coil
tolerance
plus
is not
tolerance
appliable
+5
upto
over
and
10',batch
upto
including
and 4
including
10
16 is

(x)

Tolerance shall be determined in accordance with method given in IS 1786-1985

fied above, two further samples shall be
selected for testing in respect of each
failure. Should the test pieces from both
these additional samples pass, the materials represented by the test samples shall
be deemed to comply with the requirement of the particular test. Should the test
piece from either of these additional
samples fail, the material represented by
the test samples shall be considered as not
having complied with standard.

TESTS - Following type of lab test shall be

carried out
1)

Tensile Tests
This shall be d~me as per IS 1608 - 1972

2)

Bend Test
1)1is shall be done as per IS 1599 - 1974

3)

Re-test
This shall be done as per IS 1786 - 1985

4.)

RebendTest
This shall be done as per IS 1786 - 1985

5.1.2.4 High strength deformed bars & wires

'Shall conform to IS 1786 - 1985. The physical
properties for all sizes of steel bars are men~
tioned below in Table III.

Should anyone of the test pieces' first

selected fail to pass any of the tests speci-

72

TABLE-ill

Fe
550
Grade
8550
12
S.No. 0.2%
Fe
500
500
14.5
stress
but
not
but
less
not
than
6%
actual
actual
more
more
0.2%
than
than
. more585 N/mm2
. 415
less
than
Property
545
N/mm2
10%
proof
Elongation,
.8%
Tensile
strength
proof
stress
0.2%
proof
X
-Sectional
Area
stress,
N/mm2
min.
of
the test
gauge
Where
Stress
/length
Amin.
yield
ispiece.
the
5.65."jA,
percent
on

bars as rolled arid su~sequently cold

worked and shall be subjected to physicaltests without any further modifications.
N?deductions in size by machining or
otherwise shall be permissible. No test
_piece shall be enacted or otherwise subject to heat treatment. Any straightening
which a test piece may require shall be
done cold.

Tests: Selection and preparation of Test sample

All the tests pieces shall be selected by the
Engineer-in-Charge or his authorised representative eithera)

From cutting of bars

or

b)

Ifhe so desires, from any bar after it has

been cut to the required or specified size
and the test piece taken from any part of

Tensile test: This shall 'be done as per IS

1599:..1966

it.

RE - test : This shall be done as per IS

1786-1985,

In neither case, the test pieces shall be

detached from the bar or coil except in tlje
presence of the Engineer~in-Charge or
his authorised representative.

Rebend test:' This shall be done as perlS 17861985.

-

The test pieces obtained in accordance

with as above shall be full sections of tl)e

5.1.3 Stacking arid storage : Steel for reinforcement shall be stored'in such a way as to

6-4/CPWD/ND/92

73

Forms shall be so constructed as to be removable in sections in the desired sequence, without damaging the surface of concrete or
distrubing other sections. Care shall be taken to
see that no piece is keyed into the concrete.

prevent distorting and corrosion. Bars of different classifications, sizes and lengths shall be
stored separately to facilitate issue in such sizes
and lengths to cause minimum wastage in
cutting from standard length.

5.2.3.1 Material for form work

& shuttering)

5.2

Form wor\ (centring

5.2.1

Forrn work: Form work shall include

a)

all temporary or permanent forms or moulds

required for forming the concrete which is castin-situ, together with all temporary construction required for their support.
5.2.2

Design

Propping and centring

All propping and centring should be
either of steel tubes with extension
p~eces or built up sections of rolled
steel.'

& Tolerance in Construction

5.2.3.2 a) Centring/staging

Form work shall be designed and constructed

to the shapes, lines and diamensions shown on
the df.awings with the tolerances given below.
a)

b)

Deviation from specified

dimensions of cross section
of columns and beams

Staging should be as designed with

required extension pieces as approved by Engineer-in-Charge to
ensure proper slopes, as per design
for slabs/beams etc. and as per levels as shown in drawings. All the
staging to be either of Tubular steel

+ 12 mm

Deviation from dimensions

structure with adequate bracings as

approved or made of built up structural sections made from rolled
structural steel sections.

+ 12mm

of footings
i)

Dimension in Plan

+50 mm

ii)

Eccentricity in plan
0.02 times the width of the foot-

b)

In case of structures with two or

more floors, the weight of concrete,
centring and shuttering of any upper floor being cast shall be 'suitably
supported on one floor below the
top most floor already cast.

c)

Form work arilt'concreting of upper

floor shall not be done until concrete of lower floor has set atleast

ings in the direction of deviation

but not more than 50 mm.
iii)

'Thickness
+ 0.05 times the specified thickness.
If

(Note- Tolerance appl y to concrete dimenscons

only, and not to positioning of vertical steel or
dowels.)

for 14 days.
5.2.3
General Requirement
: It shall be
strong enough to withstand the dead and live
loads and forces caused by ramming and vibrations of concrete and other incidental loads,

5.2.3.3 Shuttering:
Shuttering used shall be
of sufficient stiffness to avoid excessive deflection and joints shall be tightly butted to
avoid leakage of slurry. If required, rubberised
lining of material as approved by the Engineerin-Charge~shall be provided in the joints.

imposed upon it during and after casting of

concrete. ltshall be made sufficiently rigid by
using adequate number of ties and braces,
Screw jacks or hard board wedges where re- '
_ quired shall be provided to make up any settlement in the form work either before or during
the placing of concrete.

Steel shuttering used for concreting should be

sufficiently stiffened; The steel shuttering
should also be properly repaired before use and

74

properly cleaned to avoid stains, honey combing, seepage of slurry through joints etc.
(a)

5.2.3.7 Removal
time)

Runner Joists

of Form work (Stripping

In normal circumstances and' where ordinary

portland cement is used, forms may generally
be removed after the expiry of the following
periods:

RSJ, MS Channel or any other suitable

section of the required size shall be used

as runners.
A ssembly of beam head over props.
Beam head is an adopter that fits snugly
on the head plates of props to provide
wider support under beam bottoms.

a)

Walls, columns and 24 to 48 hours

vertical faces of
. as may be decided
all structural
by the Engineer-inmembers
charge

5.2.3.4 From work shall be properly designed

for self weight, weight of reinforcement, weight
of fresh concrete, and in addition, the various
live loads likely to be imposed during the
construction process (such as workmen, materials and equipment). In case the height of
centring exceeds 3.50 metres, the prop may be
provided in multi-stages. A typical detail of
multistage shuttering is given in Fig.9.

b)

Slab
i) Spanning upto
4.50 M
ii) Spanning over
4.50M

(b)

c)

5.2:3.5 Camber : Suitable camber shall be

provided in horizontal members of structure,
especially in cantilever spans to counteract the
effect of deflection. The form work shall be so
assembled as to provide for camber. The camber for beams and slabs shall be 4 mm per metre
(1 in 250) or as directed by the Engineer-incharge, so as to offset the subsequent deflection. For cantilevers the camber at free end
shall be 1/50 th of the projected length or as
directed by the Engineer-in-charge.

Beams and arches

i) Spanning upto
6M
ii) Spanning over
6 M & Upto 9 m
iii) Spanning over

9M

7 days
14 days

14 days
21 days
28 days

Note-1
For othertypes of cement, the stripping time
recommended for ordinary portland cement
may be suitably modified. If portland pozzolana or low heat cement has been used for,
concrete, the stripping time will be 10/7 of the
period stated above.

5.2.3.5.1 Typical arrangement of fonn work

for 'Beams, columns and walls 'are shown in

Note-2

Figure 1 to 8 a.nd form secured by wall ties is

shown in Figure 3.

The number of props left under, their sizes and

disposition shall be such as to be able to s~fely
carry the full dead load of the slabs, beam or
arch as the case may be together with any live
load likely to occur during curing or further
construction.

5.2.3.6. WALLS
The form faces have to be kept at fixed distance
apart and an arrangement of wall ties with
spacer tubes or bolts is considered best. A
typical wall form with the componcnts identified is given in Fig. 1,2&3, The two shutters of
the wall are to be kept in place by appropriate
ties, braces and studs. Some of the accessories
used for wall forms are shown in Fig3.

Note-3
For rapid hardening cement, 3/7 of above peri-,~,
ods will be sufficient in all cases except for
vertical side of slabs, beams and columns which
should be retained for atleast24 hours.

75

concrete etc. Proper and accurate -alignment

and profile of finished corecrete surface will be
ensured by proper designing and erection of
fonn work which will be approved by Engineer-in-Charge.

In case of cantiliver slabs and beams, the

centring shall remain till structures for counter
acting or bearing down have been erected and
have attained sufficient strength.

Shuttering surface before concreting should be

free from any defect/deposits and fully cleaned
so as to give perfectly straight smooth concrete
surface. Shuttering surface should be therefore
checked for any damage to its surface and
excessive roughness before use.

Proper precautions should be taken to allow for

the decrease in the rate of hardening that occurs
with all types of cement in cold weather and
accordingly stripping time shall be increased.

5~2.5.1 Erection ofFonn Work (centring and

shuttering). Following points shall be borne in
mind while checking during erection.

Work damaged through premature or careless

removal of fonns shall be reconstructed.

5.2.4

a)

Any member which is to remain in position after the general dismantling is done,
should be clearly marked.

Surface Treatment
b)

Material used should be checked to ensure that, wrong items / rejects are not
used.

c)

If there are any excavations nearby which

may influence the safety offonn works,
corrective and strengthening action must
be taken.

d)

i)

The bearing soil must be sound and

well prepared and the sole plates
shall bear well on the ground.

ii)

Sole plates shall be properly seated

on their bearing pads or sleepers.

iii)

The bearing plates of steel props

shall not be distorted.

iv)

The steel parts on the bearingmembers shall have adequate b~aring

areas.

5.2.4.1 Oiling the surface

Shuttering gives much Jonger service life if the
surfaces are coated with suitable mould oil
which acts both as a parting agent and also_
gives surface protections
A typical mould oil is heavy mineral oil or
purified cylinder oil containing not less than 5% pentachlorophenol confonning to IS 7161987 well mixed to a viscosity of 70-80
centipoise.
After 3-4 uses and also in cases when shuttering has been stored for a long time; it should be
reooated with mould oil before the next use.
5.2.4.2. The design of fonn work shall conform to sound Engineering practices and relevant IS codes
5.2.5

Inspection

of Form work

-e)

Safety measures to prevent impact of

traffic, scour due to water etc, should be
taken. Adequate -precautionary measures
shall be taken toprevem accidental impacts ~tc.

f)

Bracing, struts and ties shall be installed

along with the progress of fonn work to
ensure strength and stabili ty of fonn work

The completed fonn work shall be inspected

and approved by the Engineer -in-charge before
the reinforcement bars are placed in position.
Proper fonn work should be adopted for concreting so as to avpid honey combing, blow
holes, grout loss, s'tains or discolouration of

76

s-2.

-.
a)
or
other
items
to
hold
the
sheathing
provided
in
the
fonns
for
pouring
con5.2.6
mm
wide
to
beams,
columns
and
the
~e.
together.
s)
crete,
inserting
vibrators,
and
cleaning
b)
wedging,
easing,
striking
and
removal.
g)
r)
q)
long
spans.
other
construction
plant
equipment.
riorany
of
the
sheathing
before
pouring
coning
battens,
strutting,
bolting,
nailing,
within
specified
to~erances.
MEASUREMENTS
movement
and
of
vibrators
and
The
number
of
nuts
and
bolts
shall
be
Splayed
notchings,
allowance
for
restrained
means
for
laterall
centralising
y.ladders,
near
each
beams
end,
Bolts,
wire
ties,
clamps,
spreaders,
nails
arrangements
tooperation
support
the
fonn
work.
Working
scaffolds,
gangways,
be
have
There
Where
provisions
the
required,
steel
pins
adequate
of
and
the
the
not
provided
temporary
design
visibly
provision
and/ordraw~
by
bent.
openings
the
for
nle;
Guy
Raklng
ropes
oredges,
circular
or
stays
cutting
shall
be
tensioned
properly.
All
Double
supports,
wedges
struts,
shall
braces,
be
provided
wedges
as
Screw
adjustments
of
adjustable
props
Supports
When
adjustable
shall
be
adequate,
steel
props
and
are
in
plumb
used,
Dressing
with
oil
to
prevcnt
adhesion
and
Required
Cantilever
camber
supports
shaH
shall
be
be
provided
adequate.
over
Filleting
No
member
to
fonn
shall
stop
be
eccentric
chamfered
upon
edges
vertiof
Props
shall
be
directly
under
one
another
well
as
mud
sills,
piles
orand
other
suitable
and
similar
items.
atundamaged
intennediate
stage.
Steel
sections
(esThe
stacked
materials
shall
be
placed
as
d) General
p)
)
e)
..splayed
external
angles
not
exceeding
20
5.2.6.1
c)
h)
The
fonn
work
shall
include
the
following
crete.
single
prop.
notthe
beintetoo
and
fonnwork
shouldrubbish
beshould
restrained
against
overlaps
and
passings
at
angles,
sheathplaced
in removing
the Wedges
forkheads.
holes
fot
from

77

5.2.6.2. CLASSIFICA TION

SUREMENTS

OF MEA-

Where it is stipulated that the fonn work shall

be paid for separately, measurements shall be
taken of the area of shuttering in contact with
the concrete surface. Dimensions of the fonn
work shall be ,measured correct to a cm. The

p)

Small surfaces, such as cantilevers ends,

brackets and ends of steps, caps and boxes
to pilasterS and columns and the like.

q)

Chullah hoods, weather shades, chajjas,

corbels etc. induding edges and

r)

Elevated water reservoirs.

measurements shall be taken separately for the

following
a)

b)

i)
n)
m)
h)
g)
0)
f)
1)
d)
e)
j)
k)

ceeding 3.5 metre height in one floor shall be .

5.2.6.3 Centring,
shuttering where ex-l ~
measured
and paid and
for separately.

Foundations, footings, bases of columns

etc~ and for mass concrete and precast
shelves. '

5.2.6.4 Where it is not specifically stated in

Walls (any thickness) including attached

pilasters, butteresses, plinth and string
courses etc.

the description of the item that fonn work shall

be paid for separately, the rate oftthe RCC item
shall be deemed to include the cost of fonn
work.

Arches
Waffle
or
ribbed
slabs
Domes,
vaults,
shells
roofs,
archribs
c)
Edges
of
slabs
and
breaks
in
floors
Suspended
floors,
roofs,
landings,
shelves
Well
steining
Cornices
and
mouldings
Lintels
beams,
girders,
bressummers
and .
Columns,
pillars,
posts
and
struts.
Stairs
Vertical
Spiral
Chimneys
(excluding
staircases
and
and
horizontal
shafts
(including
landigs)
finsexcept
landings)
individmllly
Spiral
Staircase
wherebelow
200
mm
in
width
or
thickness)
cantilevers
folded
plates
or
fonning
box,
louvers
and
bandsmetres
and
their
supports
and in
balconies.
walls
(to be
measured
running

5.2.6.5 No deductions from the shuttering due

to the openings/obstructions shall be made if
the area of such openings/obstructions does not
exceed 0.1 square metre. Nothing extra shall be
paid for fonning such openings.
5.2.7

Rate-The rate of the fonn work in-

cludes the cost oflabour and materials required

for all the operations described above
I

5.3. -/ Reinforcement:

5.3.1 General requirements:

Steel Conforming to para 5.1.2 for reinforcment.shall be
, clear and free from loose milscales, dust, loose
rust, coats of paints, oil or other coatings which
may destroy or reduce bond. It shall be stored
in such a way as to avoid distortion and to
prevent deterioration and corrosion. Prior to
assembly of reinforcement on no account any
oily substance shall be used for removing the
rust.
5.3.1.1 Assembly of reinforcement
Bars shall be bent correctly and accurately to
the size and shape as shown in the detailed
drawing or as directed by Engineer-in-Charge.
Preferably bars of fullle!1gth shall be used.
Necessary cutting and straightening is also
included. Over lapping of bars, where necessary shall be done as directed by the Engineer-

78

size of hooks at the end ofthe rod shall be eight

times the diameter of bar or 'as given in the
structural drawing.

in-Charge. The overlapping bars shall not touch

each other and these shall be kept apart with
concrete between them by 25 mm or 11/4 times
the maximum size of the coarse aggregate
whichever is greater. But where this is not
possible, the overlapping bars shall be bound
together at intervals not exceeding twice the
dia. of such bars with two strands annealed

b)

Bends
Bend forming anchorage to a M.S. plain
bar shall be bent with an internal radius
-equal to two times the diameter of the bar
with a minimum length beyond the bend
equal to four times the diameter of the
bar.

steel wire of 0.90 mm to 1.6 mm twisted tight.

The overlaps/splices shall be staggered as per
directions of the Engineer-in-Charge. Butinno
case the over lapping shall be provided in more
than 50% of cross sectional area at one section.

5.3.1.2 Bonds and Hooks Forming End Anchorages

4cl
~
2-d.

Reinforcement shall be bent and 1hed in accordance with procedure specified in IS 2502-1963, code of practice for bending and fixing of
bars for concrete reinforcement. The details of

zJ

bends and hooks are shown below for guidance.

a)

~I\.J,

BENDS

5.3.1.3 Anchoring

U type Hook

bars in tension

Deformed bars may be used without end anchorages provided, development length requirement is satisfied. Hooks should normally be
provided for plain bars in tension. Development length of bars will be determined as per
clause 25.2.1 ofIS 456-1978.

In case of mild steel plain bars standard U

type hook shall be provided by bending
ends of rod into semicircular hooks having clear diameter equal to four times the
diameter of the bar.

5.3.1.4 Anchoring

bars in compression

The anchorage length of straight bar in compression shall be equal to the 'Development
length' of bars in compression as specified in
clause 25.2.1 of IS 456-1978. The projected
length of hooks, bends and straight length~
beyond bend, if provided for a bar in compression, shall be considered for development
length.
5.3.1.5 Binders, stirrups, links and the like:
In case of binders, stirrups, links etc. the straight
portion beyond the curve at the end shall be not
less than eight times the nominal size of bar.

U- TYPE HOOK
"..

Note:-

In case of work in seismic zone, the

79

d)"

5.3.1.6 Welding of bars

Wherever facility' for electric arc welding is
available, welding of bars shall be d9ne in lieu
of overlap. The loc~t;ion and type of 'welding
shall be' got appr~ved by the Engineer-inCharge. Welding sliallbe as per IS '2751- 1979
for mild steel bars and for cold worked bars.
5.3.2
/'

In case of other R.C.C'- structure such as

arches, domes, shells, storage tanks etc. a
combination of cover blocks, spacers and
'templates shall be used ,as directed by
Engineer-in-Charge.

5.3.2.3' Tolerance' on placing of reinforcemerit

'
Unless otherwise specifi~9 by the Engineer-inCharge, reinforcement shall be placed within
, the following tolerances :
Tolerance
in spacing
a)
Foreffectivedepili,
lOmm
200mm or less

Placing in position

5.3.2.1 Fabricated reinforcement bars shall be

placed in ~siti6n as shown in the drawiiigs or,
as directed by the Engineer-ill-Charge. The
bars crossing one another shall be tied together
<u every intersection with two strands of annealed steel wire 0.9 to 1.6 mm thickness
twisted tight to make the skeleton of the steel
won: ri'gid so that the reinforcement does not
get displaced du'ring deposition of concrete.

b)

For effective depili, more

ilian 200 mm

15mm

The cover shall in no case be reduced b~}nore

than one third of specified cover or 5 mm which
ever is less. '

Tack welding in crossing' bars shall also be

permitted in lieu of binding with steel wire-if
approved by Engineer-in-Charge.

5.3.2.4 Bending at construction

Where reinforcement

joints

bars are bent aside at

5.3.2.2 The bars shall be kept in correct position by the folloWing,'methods :

construction joints and afterwards bent back

into their original position care should be take.n
to ensure that at no time the radius of the bend

In case of beam and slab construction

precast cover blocks in cement mortar 1:2
(1 cement: 2 coarse sand) about 4 x 4 cm
section and of thickness equal to, the
specified cover shall be placed'between
the bars and shutterings, so, as to secure
and maintain the requisite cover of concrete over reinforcement.

is Jess than 4 bar diameters for plain mild streel

or6 bar diameters for deformed bars. Care shall
also be taken when bending back bars ,to ensure
ff
that the concrete around the baris not damaged.

a)

,..

b)

d:

5.3:3

Measurement

'Reinforcement including aHthorisedspacer bars

and lappages shalL be measured in, length of
different diameters, as actually (not more than
In case of cantilevered and dou~ly reinas specified in the drgs.) used in the worlt:
forced beams or slabs, the"veryical dis'nearest to a centimetre and their weight calcutance between the horizontal bars'shall be
lated on the basis of standard weight given in
, maintained by introducing chairs, spactable - IV 1?elow.,Wastage and unauthorised
ers or support bars of steel at 1.0 metre or
overlapsShall not be p~d for. Annealed steel
at shorter spacing to avoid sagging.
,-,~,wirKrequired
for binding or tack welding shall,

not
be
measured,
its cost being included in the
In case of columns and walls, the vertical
rate of reinforcement.bars shall be kept in position by means of
timber templates with slots accurately cut
Wherever tack weldiiig isu~
in lieu of bindin them; or with block of cement mortar
ing, suchW~lds shall not be measured. Chairs
1:2 (1 cement: 2 coarse sand) of required
separators etc. shall be provided as directed by
siz~ ,s~tably tied to the reinforcement to
the
Engineer-in-Charge & measured separately
ensure that they are in correct position
and
paid for.
during concreting.
;';-::"

<

c)

80

Table IV
Cross Sectional Area and Mass of Steel Bar

Nominal Size
mm

Cross Sectional Area

Sq.mm

Mass per metre Run

Kg

28.3

0.222

38.5

0.302

50.3

0.395

10

78.6

0.617

12

113.1

0.888

16

201.2

1.58

18

254.6

2.00

20

314.3

2.47'

22

380.3

2.98

25

491. 1

3.85

28

616.0

4.83

32

.804.6

6.31

36

1018.3

7.99

40

1257.2

9.85

45

1591.1

12.50'

50

1964.3

15.42

Note: These are as per clause 5.2 ofIS 1786-1985

5.3.4

Rate: The rate for reinforcement shall

reinforcement without any segregation of coarse

aggregate from the mortar, shall be used. The
consistency shall depend on whether the concrete is vibrated on or hand tamped. It shall be
determined by slump test as prescribed in chapter"concrete under para 4.2.3 workability.

. include the cost. of labour and materials required for all operations described above such
as cleaning of reinforcement bars, straightening, cutting, hooking, bending, binding, placing in position etc. as required or directed
including tack welding on crossing of bal'S in
lieu of binding with wires.
5.4

5.4.1.1 Where considered necessary, the workability of the concrete may also be ascertained
by compacting factor test and VEE BEE
consistometer method specified in I.S. 11991959 ..For suggested ranges of values of workability of c~ncrete by the above two methods,
reference may be made to I.S. 456 - 1978.

CONCRETING

. 5AO

The concl'ete shall be as specified under chapter 04 concrete work: The proportion
by volume of !ngredients shall be as specified.

5.4.1 . Consistency: The concrete which will

flow slugishly into the forms and 'around the

81

5.4.2

ceed 30 minutes so that the initial setting

. process is not interferred with.

Placing of Concrete

5.4.2.1 Concreting shall be commenced only

after Engineer- in-charge has inspected the centering, shuttering and reinforcement as placed
and passed the same. Shuttering shall be clean
and free from all shavings, saw dust, pieces of
wood, or other foreign material and surfaces
shall be treated as prescribed in 5.2.4.

5.4.3.

Compaction

5.4.3.1 Concrete shall be com pacted into dense

mass immediately after placing by means of
mechanical vibrators designed for continuous
operations. The Engineer-in Charge may however relax this conditions at his discretion for
certain items, depending on the thickness of the
members and feasibility of vibrating the same
and permit hand compaction instead. Hand
compaction shall be done with the help of
tamping rods so that concrete is throughly.
compacted and completely worked around the
reinforcement, embeded fixtures, and into corners of the form. The layers of concrete shall be
so placed that the bottom layer does not finally
set before the top layeris placed. The vibrators
shall maintain the whole of concrete under

5.4.2.2. In case of concreting of slabs and

beams, wooden plank or cat walks of chequerred
MS plates or bamboo chalies or any other
suitable material supported directly on the
centring by means of wooden blocks or lugs
shall be provided to convey the concrete to the
place of deposition without disturbing the reinforcement in any way. Labour shall not be
allowed to walk over the reinforcement.
5.4.2.3 In case of columns and walls, it is
desirable to place concrete without construction joints. The progress of concreting in the
vertical direction, shall be restricted to one
metre per hour.

tre;:tment in an adequate state of agitation, such

that deaeration and effective compaction is
attained at a rate commensurate with the supply
of concrete from the mixers. The vibration
shall continue during the whole period occupied by placing of concrete, the vibrators being
adjusted so that the centre of vibrations approximates to the centre of the mass being
compacted at the time oCplacing.

5.4.2.4 The concrete shall be depositep. in its

final position in a manner to preclude segregation of ingredients. In deep trenches and footings concerte shall be placed through chutes or
as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge. In case
of columns and walls, the shuttering shall be so
adjusted that the vertical drop of concrete is not
more than 1.5 metres at a time.

5.4.3.2. Concrete shall be judged to be properl y compacted, when the mortar fills the spaces
between the coarse aggregate and begins to
cream up to form an even surface. When this
condition has been attained, the vibrator shall
be stopped in case of vibrating tables and
external vibrators. Needle vibrators shall be
withdrawn slowly so as to prevent formation of
loose pockets in case of internal vibrators. In
case both internal and external vibrators are

5.4.2.5. During cold weather, concreting shall

not be done when the temperature falls below
4.5 C. The concrete placed shall be protected
against frost by suitable convering. Concrete
damaged by frost shall be removed and work
redone.

being used, the internal vibrator shall be first

withdrawn slowly after which the external vibrators shall be stopped so that no loose pocket
is left in the body of the concrete. The specific
instructions of the makers of the particular type
of vibrator used shall be strictly complied with.
Shaking of reinforcement for the purpose of
compaction should be avoided. Compaction
shall be completed before the initial setting

5.4.2.6 During hot weather precaution shall be

taken to see that the temperature of wet concrete does not exceed 38 C. No concrete shall
be laid within half an hour of the closing time
of the day, unless permited by the Engineer-inCharge.
5.4.2.7. It is necesary that the time between
mixing and placing of concrete shall not ex-

82

starts, i.e. within 30 minutes of addition of

water to the dry mixture.
5.4.4.

Construction

the purpose of general guidance. However it is

recommended that structures exceeding 45 m
in length shall be divided by one or more
expansion joints. The filling ofthse joints with
bitumen filler, bitumen felt or any such mate:'
rial and provision of copper plate, etc. shaH be
paid for separately in running metre. The measurement shall be taken upto two places of
decimal stating the depth and witdth of joint.

Joints

5.4.4.1. Concreting shall be carried out continuously upto the construction joints, the position and details of which shall be as shown in
structural drawing or as indicated in fig 26 or as
directed by Engineer-in-charge. Number of
such joints shall be kept to minimum. The
joints shall be kypt at places where the shear
force is the minimum. These shall be straight
and shall be at right angles to the direction of
main reinforcement.

'5.4.6.

Curing

After the concrete has begun to harden Le.

about 1 to 2 hours after its laying, it shaH be
protected from quick drying by covering with
moist gunny bags, sand, canvass hessian or a~y
other material approved by the Engineer-incharge. After 24 hours of laying of concrete,
the surface shaH be cured by ponding with
water for a minimum period of7 days from the
date of placing of concrete.

5.4.4.2. In case of columns the joints shall be

horizontal and 10 to 15 cm below the bottom of
the beam running int~ the column head. The
portion of the column between the stepping off
level and the top of the slab shall be concreted
with the beam.

5.4.7.
5.4.4.3. When stopping the concrete on a vertical plane in slabs and beams, an approved
stop-board (see fig 26 c) shall be placed with
necessary slots for reinforcement bars or any
other obstruction to pass the bars freely without
.bending. The construction joints shall be keyed
by providing a triangular or trapezoidal fillet
nailed on the. stop-board. Inclined or feather
joints shall not be permitted. Any concrete
flowing through the joints of stop-board shall
be removed soon after the initial set. When

5.4.7.1. In case of roof slabs the top sufface

shall be finished even and smooth with wooden
trowel, before the concrete begins to set.
5.4.7.2. Immediately on removal of forms, the
R.C.c. ,work shall be examined by the Engineer-in~Charge, before any defects are made
good. '
a)

The work that has sagged or contains

honey combing to an extent deterimental
,to structural safety or architectural con. cept shaH be rejected as given in para
5.4.9.4.for visual inspection test.

b)

Surface defects of a minor nature may be

accepted. On acceptance of such a work
,by the Engineer-in-Charge, the same shaH
be rectified as follows :-

~oncrete is stopped on a horizontal prane, the

surface shaH be roughened and cleaned after
the initial set.
5.4.4.4: When the work has to be resumed, the
joint shall be throughly clealled with wire
brush and loose particles removed. A coat of
neat cement slurry at the rate of 2.75 kg of
cement per square metre shaH then be applied
, on the roughened surface before fresh concrete
is laid.
5.4.5

Expansion

Finishing

1.

joints

Expansion joints shall be provided as shown in

the structural drawings or as indicated in Fig 10
to 25 or as directed by Engineer-in-charge, for

'83

Surface defects which require repair ~

when forms are removed,
usu'
allycOrfsist of bulges due to movementofforms, ridges at form joints,
honey-combed areas, damage resulting from the stripping of forms
and bolt holes, bulges and ridges are

bond between concrete and plaster.

7.
cement
:3
sand)
of
thickness
not
d) or~ ..'sonry
where
itin
is
to
be
joined
with
brick
ma0.5sqm
evensurface
RCC
surface
in
each
true
which
location
to
remains
line
is
and
not
permanently
form.
plastered
Any
material
in
the
patches
~hould
be
be
plastered
Where
with
uniform
cement
surface
mortarJ:3
colour
(1
is _
convenient.
exceeding'
6fine
mm
to
give
smooth
and
wall,
shall
be
properly
roughend
Normally,
patches
appear
darker
it
be
cleaned
and
yVettedso
asdone
to
give
Shallow
patches
are
first
treated
'Curing
must
be
started
as
soon
as
removed
Holes
left
by
by
careful
bolts
chipping
are
filled
or
toolwith
white
portland
cement
to
the
patchLarge
and
deep
patches
require
fillishing
surface
is
not
more
than
6Damp
mm.
ing
determined
mortar,
by
exact
trial
.quantity
being
surface
which
is
to
receive
plaster
crete.
completely,
The
roughening
without
distrurbing
shall
be
the
conby
RCC
work
shall
be
done
carefully
so
that
~and)
shall
be
locations
hessian
possible,
6the
mm
made
thick,
may
for
it
after
may
plastering
necessary
the
be
used
patch
difficult
but
not
is
deduction
in
finished
done.
to
some
hold
The
exposed
surface
ofR.
C.
C.
work
shall
edied
important,
pOund
by
in
adding
these
t!ris
defect
cases
10
to
20
shall
will
percent
be
be
.remmost
of
forshaIl
the
purpose
of
this
specification.
the
thickness
of
plaster
required
for
finhacking.
Before
the
surface
is
plastered,
Tiered
holes
extending
right
through
it
place.
A
membrane
curing
com~oved,
ture,
shall
to
taking
prevent
be
con~idered
care
early
tortmove
exposed
drying.
the
laitance
surface
e surrounding concrete, posThe
same
amount
of
care
to
cure
the
Where
such
exposed
surface
exceeding
c)
taken
as
with
thepossible,
structure.
fine
hardened
concrete.
the
immediately
surrounding
after
concrete
shuttering
by
floatis re'exposed
view
inwhole
the completed
mixed
as to
dry
as
wit:}:l
just struc-

,j
''C

84

e)

5.4.9.3. Slump Test: This test shall be carried

out as prescribed in Appendix D of Chapfer 04
concrete

The surface of RCC 'slab on which the

cement concrete or mosaic floor is 'to be
laid shallbe roughenedwithbrushes~hile
the concrete is green. This shall be done
without disturbing the concrete.

5A.9.4. Visual Inspection Test: The concrete

will be inspected after removal of the form

work as desribedin para 5.4.7.2. The q\festion
of carryillg out mandatory test or other tests
described in Appendix C (para 5A9.2.) will
arise only after satisfactory'report of visual
inspection.

5.4.8: I Strength of Concrete

The compressive strength on work tests for
differentmixes shall be as given in table below.
Table

The concrete is liable to be rejected if

(i)

it is pOrous or honeyco]I1bed'as per para'

5.4.7.2.(a)

(ii) its placing has been interrupted without

providing a proper construction joint'
(iii) the reinforcement has been displaced beyond t~ler~mcespecified; or construction
tolerances have not been met.

5.4.9.

However, the hardened concrete may be accepted after carrying out suitable remedial measures to the satisfaction of the Engineer-incharge at the risk and cost of the contractor.

Testing of Concrete

5.4.9.0. Regular mandatory tests on the consistency and workability of the fresh concrete
shall be done to achieve the specified compres- ,
sive strength of concrete. These will be of two

5.4.10 Standard of Acceptance

5~4.10.1Mandatory Lab. Test.

types

(a)

Mandatory Lab. Test

(b)

Mandatory Field Te~t

For concrete sampled ~nd tested as prescribed

in Appendix A, page 105 the following requirement shall apply.

Results of Mandatory Field Test will prevail

over mandatory Lab. Test.

5.4.10.2. Out of six sample cubes, three cubes

shall be tested at 7 days and remaining three
cubes at 28 days, if found necessary.

5.4.9.1.

5.4.10.3

(a)

Sampling: The average of the strength of three

specimen shall be accepted as the compressive
strength ofthec0!1crete provided the variation
in strength of individual specimen is not more
than 15% of the average. Difference between
the maXimum and minimum strength should
not exceed 30% of average strength of three
speCimen.If the difference between maximum
and minimum strength exceeds 30% of the
average strength, then 28 days' test shan have
to be carried out.

Work Test-Mandatory Lab. Test shall be

carried out as prescribed in Appendix A,
page 105

(bY Mandatory Field Test (Hammer Test).

sp.allbe camed out as prescribed in Appendix B, page 107
,

5.4.9.2. Additional Test - Additional test, if

required; shall be carried out as prescribed in
Appendix C, page 108

85

7 days' tests

Strength : If the actual average strength of

sample accepted in para 'sampling' above is
equal to or higher than specified strength upto
15%, then strength of the concrete shall be
considered in order.

measures necesary to retain the structure

shall be taken at the risk and cost of
contractor. If, however, the Engineer-inCharge so desires, he may order additional tests (See appendix C page 108) to
be carried out to ascertain if the structure

In case the actual average strength of sample

accepted in the above para is lower than the
specified or higher by more than 15% then 28
days' test shall have to be caf!ied out to determine the compressive strength of concrete
cubes.

can be retained.' All the charges in connection with these additional tests shall

5.4.10.5.Acceptance Criteria of Mandatory

Field Test

5.4.10.4. 28 days' test

(A)

(a)

(b)

be borne by the contractor.

The average of the strength of three specimen be accepted as the cQmpressive

strength of the concrete provided the
,strength of any individual cube shall neither be less then 70% nor higher than
130% of the specified strength.
If the actual average strength of accepted
sample exceeds specified strength by more
than 30%, the EI"!-gineer-in-charge, if he
so desires, may further investigate the
matter. However, if the strength of any
individaul cube exceeds more than 30%

If the actual average strength of accepted

sample is equal to or higher than specified
strength upto 30% then strength of the
concrete shall be considered in order and
the concrete shall be accepted at full rates.

(b)

If the actual average strength of accepted

sample is less than specified strength but
not less than 70% of the specified strength,
the concrete may be accepted at reduced
rate at the discretion of Engineer-incharge (See para 5.4.13.2).

(e)

If the actual average strength of accepted

sample is less than 70% of specified
strength, the Engineer~in-charge shall
reject the defective portion of work represented by sample and nothing shall be
paid for the rejected work. Remedial

(a)

In the beginning the standard test

cubes of the specified mix shall be
prepared by field units before undertaking any concrete work in each
project.

(b)

At least 18 standard cubes necesary

for formaion of one specimen of
specified mix. shall be cast by site
staff well in advance. From these 18
cubes any 3 cubes may be selected
at random to be tested for crushing
strt>'1.gthof 7 days. The crushing
strength obtained should satisfy the
specified strength for the mix as per
specification or agreemen!. If the
strength is satisfactory then the remaining cubes will form the standard'samples for calibration of rebound hammer. In case of failure,
the site staff should totall y reject the
samples and remove them also and
then make another set of samples by
fresh mixing or alternatively, out of
the remainiung 15 cubes, 3 cubes
will be tested on 28 days. If the 28
days' tests are found, satisfactory
then remaining 12 cubes will form
the standard sample for calibration
at 28 days' strength otherwise all
samples shall be rejected and whole
procedure repeated to form a fresh
specimen. All the results shall be
recorded in a register.

of specified strength, it will be restricted

to 130% only for computation of strength.
(c)

Preparation of Standard test cubes for

calibration of rebound hammer at site.

86

87

ber'i.e. 25% or otherwise whole'

procedure shall have to be repeated
and fresh specimen prepared.

ber on the field work. The hammer

will be used as per manufacturer's
guidelines at various locations chosen at random. The number of

These 8 cubes will form one stan-

location/reading
on each wall;
beam or column etc. shall not be
less than 12. All the readings
should be within the 25% range
of values presribed in calibration
chart:r1ormally. However, reading
indicating good strength will be
when it is at par with calibrated
value or between 100% & 125%

dard sample in the beginning before

commencement of work and shall
be ;kept carefully for the visiting
officers who will calibrate their hammers on these cubes.
(d)

This calibration will be done by

field staff with their hammer and

t..

then chart of calibration giving the

details of the average readings, date
& month' of casting, mix of the
- concrete etc. shall be prepared and
signed by Engineer-in-Charge and
will be duly preserved for future
reference as and when required

and very g~ if more than 125%.

Any value between 100% & 75%
of calibrated value shall be consideredsatisfactory. Values from 75%
to 50% shall be considered for
payment at rates reduced on prorata
basis. The concrete indicating rebound number less than 50% of
calibrated value shall be rejected
and not paid for.

(C) Preserv~tion of cubes at site

Standard sample cubes cast shall be carefully, preserved at site under the safe
custody of AE or his representative for
making them available -together withthe
charts, to the officers of QCT NCfE or
any other senior departmental- officer,
during their inspection of the work. They
,will calibrate their hammer on these cubes
if required.

(E) Acceptance of Field tests and strength

If the relative strength of actual field
work is found satisfactory considering
the calibration
charts with ' reference to '
.
the standard cube test kept at site, the
representative work will be considered
satisfactory. If the work is considered
below satisfactory, the same will be dealt
as stated in para D- 3 above.

(D) Testing at site

(D-I) Testing equipments

(F) 7 days' strength in rare cases only

(D-2) Testing will be done generally by

non-destructive methods like rebound ,hammers etc. Each field
Division/Sub Division/Unit will
purchase rebound hammers and
keep them in working order at
work site. The testing will be done
only by hammers which are duly,
calibrated.

Normally cube crushing strength on'28

days' test shall form the basis of acceptance. However in rare cases of time
bound projects/urgent repairs 7 days' cube
test strength criteria may 1Je adopted on
similar lines using 7 days' standard test
cubes and calibration graphs/curves/charts
for 7 days' in lieu of 28 days' and testing
work done at 7 days'.

(D- 3) The relative strength of actual field

work will be tested with reference
to strength of these standard cubes
and calibration charts of a hammer

(G) Precautions
(G-1) The testing shall be done generally as per the guidelines of manu-

for determining the rebound num-

88

'-

facturer of the apparatus & strictly

in accordance willi the procedure
laid down in clause 6 of IS 13311
(part 2): 1992 Indian Standard for
Non-Destructive Testing of concrete-Method of Test by Rebound
Hammer.

(h)

Stair-cases including waist or waistless

slab but excluding landing except in (i)
below.

(i)

Spiral stair-case (including landing)

(j)

AJches, arch ribs, domes and vaults

(k)

Olimneys and shafts

(1)

Well steining

(0-2) The rebound ha.."llmers are influenced by number of factors like

type of cement aggregate, ,surface
conditions, moistllre content, age
of concrete & extent of calibration
of concrete etc. Hence care shall
be taken to compare the cement,
aggregate etc. and tested under the
similar surface conditions having
more or less same moisture con-

,,(m)

Vertkal and horizontal fins individually

or fonning box, louvers and facias.

(n)

Kerbs, steps and.the like.

(0)

String courses, bands, coping, bedplare.s,

anchor blocks, plain window sills a.nd the
like.
..
(p)" Mouldings as in cornices window sills
etc.

tent and age. However effect of

age' can be .ignored for concrete
between 3 days & 3 months old.

(q)

Shell, dome and folded plates.

(I')

Extnt for shuttering in circular work in

plan ...

5.4.H. Measurement
5.4.11.1 Dimensions shall be measured near
est to a em except for the thickness of slab
which shall be measured correct to 0.5 cm. The

5.4.11.3. Work under the following catergories

shall be measured separately.

areas shall be worked out nearestto 0.01 sq. mt.

The cubical contents shall be worked out to
nearest 0.01 cubic metre.

(a)

Rafts, footings, basis of columns etc. and

mass concrete.

S.4.n.2. Reinforced cement concrete whether

(b)

All other items

, upto floor two level

cast-in situ or precast 3hall be classified and

measured separately as follows.

(c)

From floor two level to floor threeJevel

and so on.

(a)

Raft, footing, bases of columns etc. and

mass concrete.

(d)

(b)

Walls (any thickness) including attached

pilasters, buttresses, plinth and string
course, fillets etc.

R.C.C. above roof leve.l shall be measured along with R.C.C. work in floor
just below.

(c)

Suspended
'. balconies.

(d)

Shelves

(e)

Chajjas

(1)

Lintel, beams and bressummers.

(i)

Columns, pillars, piers, abutments, posts

arid
struts.
-"

7-4/CPWD/ND/92

5.4.11.4. No deduction shall be made for the

following:

floors, roofs, landings and

"

....

(a)

Ends ofdis-similarmaterials
(e.g. Joists,
beams, post griders; rafter:s, purlins
trusses, corbels steps etc.), upto500sq cm
in cross-section.

(b)

Opening upto O.1.sqrn

Note: In calculating area ,of openings
upto 0.1 sqm the size of opening shall

89

gsha
in
gas
r.
as
e.e

charge
sign
dimensions
shall
be specified
final.
by permismore
For
the
thanpurpose
thethetolerof shall
tolerance
limit
defollowing
apply.
procedure
for above,
measurements
payment,
however,
the
asstrength,
If
The
the
columns
actual
dimensions
measurement
decrease
shall
be
taken
more
Beams
shall
be
measured
from
faceto
Whenever
these
are
not
specificed,
the
exceed
the
de-clarification
that
structural
safety
isnot
not
impaired
and
archi\\-'here
the
band
and
lintels
are
of the
same
The
Chajjas
volume
volume
alongwith
occupied
its
bearing
by
reinforcement
water
on
pipes,
wall
tectural
5.4.12.
concept
Tolerances:
does
not
Subject
hamper,
toof
the
tole
condition
maces
described
above
except
for
the
cost
of
centring
For
Slabs
acceptance
shall
beoccupied
taken
of
RCC
as
members
continuwhose<'
5.4.13.1.
als
5.4.13.2.
of
specified
and
labour
The
On
the
rate
involved
basis
includes
the
of
in
rate
mandatory
the
all
payable
the
cost
operations
of
lab
shall
materitests,
be\!idesign
,
5.4.13.
Rate
in case
of
actual
average
compressive
strength
being
less
than
specified
strength
but
upto
70%
(c)
(a)
"
If
bers
the
do
actual
not
exceed
dimensions
or
decrease
ofRC.e.
the
mem(b)
When
specified
tolerances
in
the
in
drawings
dimensions
by
are
the
permitted,
designer.
include
the
thickness
ofbyrunning
any
separate
lindimensions
of
the
members
plus
or
dimensions,
dimensions
are
the
decision
exactly
as
Engineer-inper
design
than
the
tolerance
limit
specified,
the
shall
be
taken
for
the
purpose
of
measureactual
ment
and
dimensions
payment.
of
the
RCC
members
neer-in-Charge
sible tolemance
shall
after
consulations
the
With
Engithe
shaH
payment.
the by
purpose
ofminus
purpose
ofmeasured
measurements.
&decided
cforabove
shall
apply.
given
innecessary.
para
a, bbe
Designer,
ifbe
from
thebuilt
bottom
of
slab
to
the
bottom
such
cavities
holes.
combined
with
lintel,
or
beam,
from
the
face
to
face
ofslab
the
beam.
in
dimensions
ofdesign
RC.C.
members
chajjas,
in
bearing
shall
beforshall
meaand
shuttering.
ance
limit,
theand
dimensions
only
sign
dimensions
shall
be
taken
theofbe as (d)

90

5.5 ..

in the same proportion as actual average compressive strength bears to the specified compressive strength.

5.5.1. Before concrete work is started, the

Engineer-in-charge shall check that all rolled
steel sections to be encased, have been erected
truly in position. The sections shall be unpainted
and shall be wire brushed to remove the loose

Example:
1.

Average compressive strength is 80% of

specified strength. Rate payable shall be
80% of agreement rate

2.

In case average compressive strength is

less than 70% of the specified strength,
the work represented by the sample shall
be rejected.

3.

However, on the basis ofmandatory field

tests, where they prevail, the rates of the
work represented by samples showing
actual compressive strength less than
specified strength shall be worked out as
per para 5.4.10.5 (D-3) above. In addition, Engineer-in-charge may order for
addition'al tests (see Appendix 'c' on
page 108) to be carried out at the cost of
contractor to ascertain if the portion of
structure where in concrete represented
by the samples has been used, can be
retained on the basis of these tests. Engineer-in-charge may take further remedial
measures as necessary to retain the structure at the risk and cost of the contractor.

Encasing Rolled Steel Sections

rust/scales
etc. Where so specificed,
ungalvanised metal, having mesh or perforations large enough to permit the free passage of
12.5 mm nominal size aggregate through them,
shall be wrapped round the section to be encased in concrete and paid for separately.
5.5.2.

Wrapping

5.5.2.1. In case of columns, the wrapping shall

be alTanged as illustrated in Fig: 27 to pass
through the centre of the concrete covering.
The wrapping of the entire length of the columns be carried out in stages and no stage shall
cover more than 1.5 metre of height of columns. Successive wrappings shall be carried
out only afterthe immediate adjacent wrapping
has been encased in concrete. The surface and
edges of the flanges of the steel columns shall
have a concrete cover of not less than 50 mm.
The wrappings of successive stages shall ~
tied together.
5.5.2.2. In the case of beams and grillages, the
wire mesh or expanded metal shall be wrapped
round the lower flange of the beam as illus-.
trated in Fig 28 and the wrapping shall be
suspended by wire hangers 5 mm diameter
placed at about 1.2 metres centres. The surfaces
and edges of the steel sections shall have a
concrete cover of not less than 5Omm. The

5.4.13.3 Where throating or plaster drip or

moulding is not reuiredto be provided in RCC
chajjas, deduction for not providing throating
- or plaster drip or moulding shall be made from
the item ofR.e. e. in chajjas. The measurement
for deduction item shall be made in running
metres correct to a cm of the edge of chajja.

wrapping shall pass through the centre of the

concrete covering at the edges and soffits of the
flanges.

5.4.13.4. No extra payment for richer mix

which projects into any member from another
member during concreting of junctions of beams
arid columns etc. will be made except to the
extent structurally considered necessary and
when so indicated in the structural drawings.
The payments for work done under items of
different mixes shall be limited strictly to what .
is indicated in the structural drawings.

5.5.3.

Form work shall be as prescribed in

5.2
5.5.4. Concreting: Concrete shall consist of
a mix of 1:2:4 (1 cement: 2 coarse sand :4
graded stone aggregate of 12.5 mm nominal
siz~) unless a richer mix is specified. The mix
shall be poured solidly around the steel sec-

91

tions and around the wrapping by vibrating the

concrete into position. Consistency of concrete, placing of concrete and its compaction,
curing, finishing and strength of concrete shall
be as described in 5.4.

5.6.2. Concrete used for precasting the units

should be well proportioned, mixed, placed
and thoroughly compacted by vibrations or
tamping to give. a dense concrete free from
voids and honeycombing.

5.5.5. Measurements:
The length shall be
measured correct to one cm and other dimensions correct to 0.5 em. The cement concrete

5.6.3.

Precast articles shall have a dense sur-

face finish showing no coarse aggregate and

shall have no cracks or creyices likely to assist
in disintegration of concrete or rusting of steel
or other defects that would interfere with the

shall be measured as per gross dimensions of

the encasing exclusive of the thickness of plaster. No deduction shall be made for the volume
of steel sections, expanded metal, mesh or any
other reinforcement used therein. However, in
case of boxed stanchions or girders, the boxed
portion only shall be deducted.

proper placing of the units. All angles of the

precast units with the exception of the angles
resulting from the splayed or chamfered faces
shall be true right angles. The arises shall be'
clean and sharp except those specified or shown
to be rounded. The wearing surface shall be

Fabric reinforcement such as expanded metal

shall be measured separately in square metres
stating the mesh and size of strands.

true to the lines. On being fractured, the interior

of the units should present a clean homogeneous appearance.

The description shall include the bending of the .

fabric as necessary, Raking or circular cutting
,and waste shall be included in the description.
5.5.6.

5.6.4. The longitudinal reinforcemwtshall

have a minimum cover of 12 mm or twice the
diameter of the main bar, whichever is more,
unless otherwise directed ~in respect of all
.items except fencing posts or electric posts
where the minimum cover shall be 25 mm:

Rate: The rate shall include the cost of

materials and labour required for all the operations described above except the cost of fabric
reinforcement. The cost of providing and erecting steel section and wire hangers shall be paid
for separately.

5.6.
PRECAST REINFORCED
CRETE

5.6.5.

'Curing

After having been cast in the mould or form the.

concrete shall be adequately prot\::cted during
setting in the first stages of hardening from
shocks and frol1l,harmful effects of frost, sunshine, drying winds and cold. The concrete
shall be cured at least for 7 days from the date
of casting.

CON-

5.6.1.

General requirements:
Precast reinforced concrete units such as columns. fencing
posts, door and window frames, lintels, chajjas,
copings, sills, shelves, slabs, louvers etc. shall
be of grade ormix as specified and cast in forms
ot moulds. The fonnsJmoulds shall be of fibre
glass or of steel sections for better finish.
Provision shall be made in the forms and

5.6.6. The precast articles shall be matured

for 28 days before erection or being built in so
that the concrete shall have sufficient strength
to prevent damage to units when first hand1ed.

moulds to accommodate fixing devices such as

nibs, clips, hooks, bolts and forming of notches
and holes. The contractor may precast the units
on a cement or steel platform which shall be
adequately oiled provided the surface finish is
of the same standard as obtained in the forms.
Each unit shall be cast in one operation.

5.6.7. Marking :Pr~cast units shall be clearly

marked to indicate the top of. member and its
location and orientation in the structure.

5.6.8.

Precast units shall be stored, transported and placediil position in such a manner
that they will not be overstressed or damaged.

92

5.7

5.8.1.

PRECAST CEMENT CONCRETE

Materials:

JALI

5.8.1.1. Cement (:One of the following types

of Cement as spcified shall be used:

5.7.0. The jail shall be of cement concrete

1:2:4 (1 cement :2 coarse sand: 4 stone aggregate 6 mm nominal size) reinforced with 1.6
mm thick mild steel wire, unless otherwise
specified.
5.7.1 Fixing: The jali shall be setin position
true to plumb and level before the joints sills
and soffits of the openings are plastered. It shall
then be properly grouted with cement mortar
1:3 (lcement:3 coarse sand) and rechecked for
levels. Finally the jambs, sills and soffits shall
be plastered embedding the jali lmiformly on
all sides.
5.7.2. Measurements The jail shall be measured for its gross superficial area. The length
and breadth shall be measured correct to a cm.
The thickness shall not be less than that specified.

Ordinary Portland Cement 33 grade

conforming to IS 269-1989.

2.

Ordinary Portland Cement 43 grade

conforrriing to IS 8112-1987.

3.

Ordinary Portland Cement 53 grade

conforming to IS 12269-1987.

4.

Rapid hardening Portland Cement Conforming to IS 8041-1990.

5.

Blast Furnace slag cement conforming to

IS 455-1989.

However for severe condition~ of sulphate

content in sub soil water, special literature on
use of sulphate resisting cement may be referred to. For supply and storage para 3.1.2.1.
and 3.1.2.2. shall be applicable.

5.7.3 Rate: The rate shall be inclusive of

materials and labour involved in all the operations described above except plastering of
jambs, sills and soffits, which will be paid for
under rel~vant items of plastering.
5.8'

1.

5.8.1.2 Coarse Aggregate

This shall be as specified in para 4.1.2 i/c
subparas.
5.8.1.3.Fine Aggregate: This shall be of
grading zone I, II or III as specified under para
3.1.4 ilc sub paras.

DESIGN MIX CONCRETE

5.8.0 Definition: Design mix concrete is.

that concrete in which the design of mix Le the
- determination ofpr<?portionsof cement, aggregate & water is arrived as to have target mean
strength for specified grade of concrete.

5.8.1.4. Water: It shall conform to the requirement as l~d down in IS 456-1978 para 4.3 and
para 5.1.1 of this chapter.

It will be designed based on the principles

given in I.S. 456-1978 and SP 23-1982" Handbook for design mix concrete".
In order to ensure that not' more than the
specified proportion of test results are likely to
fall'below the characteristic strength, the con
crete mix has to be designed 'forhigher average
compressive strength and this higher average
compressive strength for a specified grade of
concr~te is defmed a target mean strength:

93

5.8.1.5. Grades of concrete

5.8.3.2. Minimum cement content required in

Reinforced cement concrete to ensure durabil-

The compressive strength of various grades of

designation concrete shall be as given below:

Grades Designation

Comprssive
strength on
15cm
Cubes
min at 7 days
(N/mm2)

M 15

25
20
30
15
35

ity under specified conditions of exposure, will

be in accordance with I.S. 456-1978. However
it shall nOtbe less than 300 Kgs/m 3 of concrete
for 33 grade cement.

Specified
characterstic
compressive
strength at
28 days.
(N/mm2)

5.8.3.3. (a) Standard Deviation of concrete for

each grade shall depend upon the degree of
quality control expected to be excercised at
site. As per IS 10262-1982 the values of standard deviation for various grades of concrete
for different degree of control shall be as specified in table V.

20.0
23.5
10.0
17.0
13.5

Table V
Note:ln the designation of a concrete mix letter M
refer to the mix and the number to the specified
characterestic compressive strength of 15 cm- cube
at 28 days expressed in N/mm2

Grade of

Standard Deviation for different

concrete

degree of control
In N/mm2
5.6
7.7
7.0
4.5
6.3
4.6
3.5
6.0
6.7
4.3
5.0
5.7
2.5
3.6
5.3
FairGood
Very
Good

M30
M35
M20
M15 procedure described be5.8.2. Scope: M25
The
low for design mix is for concrete upto grade
M-35 which are generally used for reinforced
concrete structure. Minimum grade of concrete
for design mix will be M 20 normally. However in cases of projects having some parts of
M15 also in addition'to M 20 to M35 grade,
then design mix concrete will cover M-15
grade as an exception only.
5~8.3.

Data for Mix Design.: Tne following

(b)

basic data are required to' be specified for

design of concrete mix.
(1)

Characteristic compressive
concrete at 28 days'.

Degree of quality control expected under

different site conditions are described in
table VI.

strength of

(2)

Degree of workability desired.

(3)

Limitation on water cement ratio and

minimum cement content to ensure ad-

.Table VI

Degree of
control

Condition of Production of
concrete

equate durability.
(4)

(5)

Type and maximum size of aggregate to

be used.
Standard deviation
strength of concrete:

Very Good:

of compressive

94

Fresh cement from signle source

and regular tests, weighbatching
of allmaterials, aggregates grad-

such case value oft will be 1.65 and

ing and moisture content, control

of water added, frequent supervision, regular workability and
strength tests and field laboratory facilities.
Good:

Carefully stored cement and periodic test, weighbatching of all

materials,
controlled
water,
graded aggregate supplied, occasional grading and moisture tests,
periodic check of workability and
strength, intermittem supervision
and experienced workers.

Pair:

Proper storage of cement, volume batching of all aggregates

allowing for bulking of sand,
weighbatching of cement, water
content controlled by inspection
of mix and occasional supervision and tes~s.

equation will reduce to Tck = fck

+ 1.65 s
5.8.3.5. Selection of proportions
Since different cement, aggregate of different
maximum size, grading surface texture shape,
produce concrete of different compressive
strength for the same free water cement ratio,
the relationship between strength and free water cement ratio con'esponding to 28 days'
strength of cement of various grades is given in
Fig~l of IS 10262- 1982and is reporduced
below in chart 1.
28 OA~ 5fREtlGTH

\E5T~t?

I. 5:

ACCORDING

c.f'.)\EI-\T
TO
"/

403) - \ 1 6 g,

A"" 3\ ''1- 3&"

17.::.

~,,g-4/7

., C=41H(,6

9' "'<;.0-

h tV1"M"'}-(?>2C;-375;:~ f
(..,l.)
rdJnJ?t(37!'_42'71'-~!CY
t1!->,,;'-(42S-41,

t+J1c.Z)

5I,1jN/"""'Y47-~25

"j/o.;'

!: :0 S'I,$--Vb'4t-I/,.,,,,t72S--,75I(j';j,

5.8.3.4. Target strength

f ==5'6,4-<::1:3

for Mix Design: .

oL

o,3C> 0'35

The target mean strength for a specified grade

of concrete depends upon the quality control
(expressed by standard deviation) and accepted
proportion of results of the strength tests below
the characteristic strength (Fck) and is given by
relation,

~J..,",Y'i75-t.2' Y-J/0
f - RELATIDII &TweEt-)
I H<,\;~WATt::R..
Ct'-!'\.fATIQ ANP
CHAJ'f

(a)

Tck = fck + t.S

O,4D bA?

o,~o 0.55 0.'0 0.<:;; cow:..

WATt:1< CEI"ENT RATIO
.RENT

5WtNGT.f1
cj'Ot.I\.

The free water cement ratio selected from

Chart 1 above should be checked against
the limiting water cement ratio for requirement of durability as given in IS
456-1978 and the lower of the two values
is to be adopted.

Tck -

target mean compressive strength at

(b)

Estimate of Air Control

28 da~s
fck

Characteristic compressive strength

at 28 days

Standard Deviation

Note:

The amount of entrapped air for normal

mix (non air entrained) concrete a~per IS
10262 - 1982 is given in table VII.

Table VII

a statistical figure depending upon

the accepted proportion of low test
results and number of tests.

Nominal miximum
size of Aggregate

According to IS 456-1978 & IS

1343~ 1980 the characteristic
Strength is defined as that value
below which not more than 5 % (1 in

10mm

3.0

20mm

2.0

40mm

20) results are expected to fall. In

95

Entrapped air as
precentage of volume
of concrete

1.0

'.:;

fOR.1:>lff[;-

S\R.G~H1S.

(c)

Selection of water content and fine to

total aggregate ratio -Based on experience, emperical relationship have been
established between quantity of water per
unit volume of concrete and ratio of fine

aggregate to total aggregate by absolute

volume for desired workability. The estimated values for concrete upto M 35
grade are given in table VIII.

absolute
volume
165
30
35
40 aggregate
186
vrn
Table
Sand
as208
%
Water
age
of
content
total
per
cubic
by
metreinofkgs

A)

The values given in table VIII are based

on the following conditions:
i)

Crushed coarse aggregate conformingtolS 383-1970 and para 4. 1.2 of

this specification.

ii)

Fine aggregate consisting of natural

sand conforming to grading zone II
of IS 383-1970 and para 3.1.4 of
this specifications.

iii)

Water cement ratio (by mass) of 0.6

and

iv)

B)

Workability corresponding to compacting factor of 0.8

For other conditions of workability, water cement ratio, grading of fine aggregate and for round aggregate, certain
adjustment in quantities of mixing water
and fine to total aggregate ratio as given
in table VIII are to be made as per IS
10262-1982. These are explained in Table
IX below.

Table IX
Change in conditions
stipulated for TabieVIII

(a)

For sand conforming to

grading Zone I & III of
IS 383-1970

Adjustment required in
water content
Percentage of fines to
total aggregate

+ 1.5% for Zone I

-1.5% for Zone III

(b)

Increase or decrease in the value

of compacting factor by 0.1
For increase
For decrease

(c)

(d)

For each 0.05increase or decrease

in free water - cement ratio
For increase
For decrease
For rounded aggregates

+3.0%

--3.0%

+ 1.0%

-1.0%

-15 kg/m3

96

-7%

C)

Comparison of consistency measurement by various methods-

Workability
description

Slump

Compacting factor

mm

Extremely dry
0.70-

Very Stiff
Stiff

0-25

0.75

Stiff Plastic

25-50

0.85

Plastic

75-100

0.90

Flowing

150-175

0.95

5.8.3.6 Calculation of aggregate Content

aggregate and coarse aggregate)

Sfa,Sca = Specific gravities of saturated surface dry fine aggregate and coarse
aggregate respectively.

With the quantities of water and cement per

unit volume of concrete and ratio of fine to total
aggregate content per unit volume of concrete
to be calculated from the following equations

5.8.3.7 Calculation of Batch Masses

['C~

. v=[+

+ -;-

fa]
Sfax

The masses of various ingredients for concrete

for design mix of a parti~ular batch size may be
calculated as described above.

1000

5.8.4
Sc
1-P
Sca
v=E+~+_l
x~J
v

x_I
1000

The calculated mix proportion shall be checked

by means oftrial batches. Quantities of materals
worked out in accordance with para 5.8.3.1 to
5.8.3.6 described above shall be termed as trial

absolute volume of fresh concrete

which is equal to gross volume (m 3)
minus the volume of entrapped air.

c
Fa,Ca =
pSc

mix no. 1. The quantities of materials for each

trial mix shall be sufficient for atleast three

mass of water (kg) per m3 of concrete

=
=

Production of controlled concrete

150mm size cube concrete specimens and concrete required to carry out workability test
according to IS 1199-1959.

mass of cement (kg) per m3 of concrete

'5.8.4.1 Workability of Trial.Mix No.1 shall be

measured. The mix shall be carefully observed
for freedom from segregation and bleeding and
its finishing properties. If the measured workability of Trial Mix No. 1 is different from the
stipulated value, the water content shall be
adjusted according to Table X corresponding
to the required change in compacting factor.

ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate by absolute volume

specific gravity of cement
aggregate (kg) per m3 of concrete
respectively (total masses of fine

97

With this adjustment in water content, the mix

proportions shall be recalculated keeping the
free water-cement ratio at the preselected value
which will comprise Trial mix No.2. In addition, two more Trial Mixes NO.3 and 4 shall be
made with the water content same as Trial Mix
No.2 and varying the free water cement ratio
. by (+) 10 percent and (-) 10 percent of the
preselected value. Forthese two additional trial
Mixes No.3 and 4, the mix proportions are to be
recalculated for the altered condition of free
water-cement ratio with suitable adjustments
in accordance with Table X.

Except where it can be shown to the satisfaction of Engineer -in-charge that supply of properly graded aggregate ofunifonn quality can be
maintained over the period of work, the grading of aggregate should be controlled by obtaining the coarse aggregate in different sizes
and blending them in the right proportions
when required, the different sizes being stocked
in separate stock piles. The material should be
stock-piled for several hours preferably a day
before use. The grading of coarse and fine
aggregate should be checked as frequently as
possible, the frequency for a given job being
determined by Engineer- in -Charge to ensure
that the specified grading is maintained.

5.8.4.2 Fresh trial mixes are to be made for

different types and brands of cement, alternative
source of aggregates, maximum size and grading of aggregates.

5.8.5

It is important to maintain the water-cement

ratio.constant at its correct value. To this end,
determination of moisture contents in both fine
and coarse aggregate shall be made as frequently as possible, the frequency for a given
job being determined by the Engineer -inCharge according to weather conditions. The
amount of the water to be added shall be

Batching

In proportioning concrete,the quantity of both

cement and aggregate should be determined by
mass. Cement shall be used on the basis of

adjusted to compensate for any observed

variations in the moisture contents. For the

mass & should be weighed separately from the

aggregate. Water should be etthermeasured by
volume in caliberated tanks or weighed. Any
solid admixture that may be added, may be
measured by mass,liquid and paste admixture
by volume or mass. Batching plant where used
should conform to IS 4925-1968. All measuring equipment should be maintained in a clean
serviceable condition and their accuracy periodicall y checked.

determination of moisture content in the aggregates, I~ 2386 (part III) -1963 may be referred
to.To allow for the variation in mass of aggregate due to variation in their moisture content, .
suitable adjustments in the masses of aggregates shall also be made.!n the absence of exact
data, only in the case of nominal mixes,the
amount of surface water may be estimated from
the values given in the Table X.

Table X
Surface Water Carried by Aggregate
(Clause 5.8.4.1)

Aggregate

approximate Quantity of Surface Water

11m3
percent by Mass

Vey wet sand

5.0
2.5 sand
Moderately_wet
Moist sand 1.25-2.5

7.5

Moist gravel to crushed

rock

98

20-40
40
80
120

5.8.6

Mixing

tion of lots shall be determined by the following :-

Concrete shall be mixed in a mechanical mixer.

1)

No individual lot shall be more than 30

m3in volume

2)

Atleast one cube forming an item of the

sample representiIig the lot shall be taken
from the concrete of same grade and mix
proportions cast in any day.

3)

Different grades or mixes of concrete

shall be divided into separate lots.

It shall be done as specified under para 4. 2.4 of

this specification.

4)

Concrete of a lot shall be used in the same

identifiable unit of the structure.

5.8.8

5.8.11 Standard of Acceptance

'The mixer should comply with IS 1791-1968.1t

shall be fitted withhoppe.r. The mixing shall be
continuous until there is uniform distribution
of the material & the mass is uniform in colour
and consistency. If there is segregation after
unloading from the mixer, the concrete should
be remixed. The mixing time shal,l not be less
than 2 minutes.

5.8.7

Laying

Curing

It shall be done as specified under para 4.3.4 of

this specification.

5.8.9

a)

The average strength of group of cubes

cast for each day shall not be less than the
specified work cube strength. 20 percent
of cubes cast for each day may have
values less than the specified strength
provided that the lowest value is not less
than 85% of the specified strength.

b)

Concrete strength less than specified may

as a special case be accepted in a member
with the approval of Engineer-in-charge
provided that the maximum stress in the
member under the maximum design live
load does not exceed the permissible safe
stress appropriate to the lower strength of
the concrete.

c)

Concrete which does not meet the strength

requirements
as specified but has a
strength greater than that of the lowest
value of 85 % may,
at the discretion of the
I
designer, be accepted as being structurally adequate without further testing.

d)

Concrete of each grade shall be assessed

separately.

e)

Concrete shall be assessed daily for compliance.

t)

Concrete is liable to be rejected if it is

porous or honey combed, its placirlg has
been interrupted without providing a

Approval of Design Mix

The preliminary test for approval of design mix

shall consists ofthree sets of separate tests and
each set of test shall be conducted on six
specimens. Not more than one set of six
specimem shall be made on any particular day.
Of the six specimens of each set, three shall be
tested at seven days and remaining three at 28
days. The preliminary tests at seven days are
intended only to indicate the strength to be
attained at 28 days.

5.8.10 Work Strength Test

Work strength test shall be conducted in accordance with IS 516-1959 on random sampling.
Each test shall be conducted on ten specimen,
five of which shall be tested at 7 days and
remaining five at 28 days. Not less than one
work test consisting of tests on 10 cubes sh<!ll
be carried out for every 30 cubic metre of
concrete or less as per the lot size as specified
below.

Lot Size
Concrete under acceptance shall be notionillly
divided into lots for the purpose of sampling,
before commencement of work. The delimita-

99

5.8.12 An example illustrating the mix design for concrete mix M 20 grade is given
below.

proper construction joint, the reinforcement has been displaced beyond the~tolerances specified, or construction tolerances have not seen met. However, the
hardened concrete may be accepted after
carrying out suitable remedial measures
to, the satisfaction of the Engineer-in'charge.
a)

5.8.12.1 Designstipulta,ion

Characteristic compressive '

strength requjred in the field at
f8 days

20 N/mm2

b)

M~ximum sizes of aggregate

20 MM (angular
crushed)

c)

Degree of workability

0.9 compacting
factor (slump
75mm)

d)

e)

Good

Degree of quality cont,rol

Mild

'.Type of exposure

5.8.12.2

Test Data of Material

a)

Cement.used:- ordinary portland cement stisfying the requirements of Is 269-1989.

b)

specific gravity of cement

c)

Speciic gravity of

1)

Coarse aggregate

2.60

_Hne aggregate-(natural sand)

2.60

3.15

d)

Water absorptiqn of

1)

Coarse aggregate

0.5 percent

2)

Fine aggregate

1.0 percent

e)

Free Surface moisture of

1)

Coarse aggregate

2)

Fine aggregate

Nil (absorbed moisture

also nil)
2.0 percent

100

on

5.8.12.3 Sieve analysis

a)

Co~se aggregate

IS sieve
sizes

IT
IT
Combined
28.5
3.7
40%
100.
100%100
71.20
Analaysis 40
of
coarse

60
060%

fraction
Percentage

3.7

of different

mm

20

10
4.75
2.36

The grading of combined fraction I & II in the

ratio of 60 & 40 conform to table, 1 described
above.

4.6, therefore with a tolerance factor of 1.65 the

value of target mean' strength for specified
characteristic cube strength=20+ 1.65x4.6=27.6
N/mm2

b)

Fine a~gregate

IS Sieve sizes

5.8.12.5 Selectionof water cement ratio

Fine aggregate (percent .
passing)
r"

4.75

100

2.36 mm

100

1.18mm

93

600 micron

60

300 micron

12

150 mcicron

.~

From chart 1, the free water cement ratio required for target mean strength of 27.6 N/mm2
is 0.50. This is lower than the maximum value
.of 0.6~ presrcibed for mild exposure.

5.8.12.6 Selection of water and sand

content
From table VIII for 20 mm nominal maximum
size aggregate and sand conforming to grading
zone II water content as per cum of concrete is

The sand confonns to grading zone III

186 kg' and sand content percentage of tot~

aggregate by absolute volume is equal to 35%.
For change in,value 'of water cement ratio
compacting factor, and sand belonging to zone
III the following adjustment is required.

5.8.12.4 Target mean strengt~ ;,;

As described earlier for degree of qualitycon-'
trol 'good' the value of standard deviation is

101

change in condition

water=191.6 kgs

Adjustment required in
water content percentage in
percent
total
aggregate'

for decrease in water

cement ratio by (0.6-0.5)
i.e. 0.10
0

-2

for increase in compacting

factor by (0.9-0.8)
i.e.0.l0
+3

for sand conforming

grading zone III

-1.5

+3'

-3.5

cement=191.6/0.5=383

Thus Cement content is adequate ,for mild

exposure condition as as per IS 456-1978 as
described in table below.
5.8.12.8 Determination
aggregate content.

required sand content=35-3.5=31.5

Water-Cement

0.98

1/0.315. fa/2.60) x

m3 = (191.6+38313.15+

1/1000

kglm3 and

and

percent

0.98 m3= ( 191.6 + 383/3.15 + 1/0.685.ca/2.60) x

1/1000

5.8.12.7 Determination

of coarse and fine

From table VII for specified maximum size of

aggregate of 20 mm, the amount of entrapped
air in the wet concrete is 2 percent. Taking this
into account and applying equations given in
'para 5.8.3.6

Therefore the required water content =

186+186/100x3=186+3.58=191.6

kglm3

of cement Content

or fa =546 kglm3 and ca=1187 kg/m3

ratio = 0.5

The mix proportion now works out:

Water

Cement

Fine aggregate

Coarse Aggregate

191.6

383 kg

546kg

1187 kg

or 0.5

1.42

3.0

For 50 kg cement, the quantity of materials are

worked out as below
a)

Cement

=50 kg ,

b)

Sand

=71 kg

c)

Coarse Aggregate =154.5 kg

2)

Extra quantity of water to be added for

absorption in case of coarse aggregate at
0.5 % by mass
=154.5/l00x0.5=0.77
kg

3)

Quantity of water to be deducted for free

moisture In sand at 2% by mass=
(-) 171.0/100x2=(-)

1.42 kg

fraction I - 92.7
fraction II - 61.8

Therefore actual quantity of water =

d)

water

25.00 +0.77-1.42=24.35

1)

For water cement ratio of 0.5 quantity

=25.0 kg
./

Actual quantiy of sand required after allowing

for mass of free moisture =71.0+ 1.42=72.42

kg

102

kg

Actual Quantity of Coarse Aggregate

5.9.2.2 The over all sizes (width and height)

shall be as per drawing or as specified.

Fraction I=92.7-(O.6xO.77)=92.24

5.9.3

Materials

Fraction II=61.8-(OAxO.77) =61.49

5.9.3.1 The materials used for manufacturing

Therefore the actual quaL ?':: of different

constituent required for mix are

of the 'frames shall comply with standards

given in table I of IS 6523-1983

Water=24.3;; kg

5.9.3.2 Aggregate

Cement=50 kg

The aggregate used shalll be of well graded

mixture of clean coarse and nne aggregates.
The nominal size of coarse aggregae shall not
exceed 10 mm.

Sand =72.42 kg,

Coarse aggregate

5.8.13

Fraction 1=92.42 kg
Fraction H=61.49 kg

Measurements:

shall

5.9.3.3 Concrete

be done is
Mix of concrete shall be as specified or as
directed by the Engineer-ill-Charge. But the
mix shall not be weaker than M 20 controlled

accondance with Para 5.4.11 and its sub-paras

5.8.14

Tolerance:

Para 5.4.12 shall apply.

mix or 1:1 1/2:3 (1 cement: 11/2 coarse sand: 3,

stone aggregate 10 mm nominal size by vol.
mix) and shall be suitable for producing a dense
concrete without voids after proper vibration.

5.8.15 Rate: Para 5.4.13 shall apply with the

exception regarding limitations for actual average compressive strength beingles than specified strength which shall be governed by para
5.8.11 for acceptance and proratat rates worked
out accordingly.

5.9.3.4 Reinforcement
There shall be a minimum of three bars of 6 mm

5.9.0
Precast reinforced concrete door and
window frames

dia or equivalent as shown ?1 fig ..29 .. The

longitudinal reinforcement for each vertical or
horizontal member shall be one piece and shall
be firmly held by 3 mm dia ties spaced at not
more than 300 mm centre to centre.

5.9.1
Manufacture of precast reinforced concrete door and window frames is describes!
here. These willconfonn to IS 6523: 1983inall

The longitudinal reinforcement shall have a,

maximum cover of 12 mm or twice the diam-

respects unless otherwise specified. Frames

shall be manufactured in an approved factory
with all necessary - arrangements for fixing
hinges or hinges fixed at position as specified
with hole for receiving tower bolt, sliding bolt
etc. as specified.
5.9.2

eter of main bar, whichever is higher.

5.9.4

Casting

The entire frame may be cast complete in one

piece or each of the vertical and horizontal
members of the frame may be cast separately to
be assembeled into the complete frame at site.
When the frame is cast in separate parts, one of
the reinforcing bars of the vertical members of
the frame shall be kept projecting so as to
te~on into the corresponding hole in the horizontal member. The holes in the horizontal

Shape and dimensions

5.9.2.1 Precast reinforced concrete door and

window frames shall be 60 x 100 mm or 70
x75mm in cross section for single shutter and
60x 120 mm for double shutter door, cross
section generally conforming to fig. 29 & 30.
Where specified, suitable groo~e for receiving
wall plaster shall be provided.

member for taking the projecting reinforce-

103
,

ment from the vertical members shall be sligtl y

larger than the bar diameter to faciliate easy
insertion of the projecting bar. Mter assembly
at site, the holes 'shall be grouted. with cement
slurry of 1 cement : 2 coarse sand.

5.9.5

to 50 mm x 30 to 40 mm in cross secti()l1,
one block for each of the hinge, shall be
fixed in pOsition with 6 mm mild steel
bolts, nuts and washers, after the frame
has been cast, cured, and matured. After
tightening the nuts, the bolt heads and the
nuts shall be suitably covered with hard
wood fillets, finished flush with concrete
surfaces of the frame.

Mould

The mould for casting shall preferably be of

steel to ensure better surface finish of the cast
frame. Provision shall be made inthe mould to

b)

Hinge directly attached to frame. L Type

flap hinge may be attached directly to~
fr<;unewith the help of 6 mm dia, mild
steel bolts & nuts.

c)

Hinge welded to frame.

accomodate fixing devices for hinges and the

hold fasts. Wh~re specified, suitable rebates
may also be provided to act as plaster groove.

5.9.6

,Protection & curing

The hinge may be weled to 3 mp:1 thick
mild steel flat embedded in a frame.

After casting in moulds, during setting and in

first stage of hardening the concrete shall be
protected from shocks, running or surface water and the harmful effect of frost, sunshine
<irving winds and cold. The concrete shall be
cured for atleast 7 days unless special curing
methods are adopted which shall conform to IS
6523-1983.

_i-

5.9.S

5.9.9

The frames shall be matured before testing or

despatch for.the following periodS:

Ordinary portland cement,

portland blast furnace slag cement
portland pozzolana cement
Rapid hardening cement(to be used
with approval
of Engineer~in- Incharge)

Period

28 'days

14 days

nuts shall be lei} at appropriate locations.

5.9.10.

Erection.

5.9.10.1
Whena three piece frame is used,
the vertical members shall be held in position
with top member placed over them, the w~ole
frame plumbed and firmly supported till the
concrete around the hold fasts in the masonry
has properly set and hardened. Cement and
, coarse sand mortar slumy 1:2 shall be used ~
grouting the joints between the vertical and
horizontal members of door frame. In case
where four members are used, the bottom mem- .
ber shaH be first placed in position and other
erected on this base.

Arrangem~nts for fi~ing of hinges to

frames: Suitable ammgements forfi,xing hinges

shall be provided in the frame by one of the
following methods as directed-(Ref. Figure
30)
a)

Fast.ners

5.9.9.1 Amangements for fixing the frames

with hold fasts or metalic fastners shall be
provided in vertical members \of ,frames as
specified. In case of door frame, there will be 3
Nos. hold fasts and in case of window, there
will be 2 Nos. hold fasts on each vertical
members in contact with the opening where the
frame is to be fixed. Holes to accomodate 10
mm dia bolts to be fixed to hold fasts and the

Theframes after maturing shall have sufficient

strengtll to prevent damage wh~n h<l!1dled.

5.9.7

for Door and Win-

Suitable arrangements shaH be.PJovide9 in the

frame for receiving tower bolts, sliding bolts
and other door and window fixtures as indicated.

Type of cement used

Arrangements

dow Fixhlres

Hardwood fixture
Hardwood blocks of well seasoned teak
or other suitable timber 150 mm long, 45

104

APPENDIX

-A

racy in dimensions 'and geomatric form

and s~chJest should at least be made once
a year.

WORK TEST FOR CO~CRETEMANDA TORY LAB TEST

Each mould shall be provided with a base

plate having a plane sutface and made of
non absorbent rpaterial. ,This plate shall
be large enough in illameterto support the
moulds properly without leakage. Glass
plates not less than 6.5 mm thick or plain
metal not leSSthan 12 mm thick shall be

(Clause 5.4.9.1)

A-O One sample

(consisting of six cubes

lSx15x15 cm shall be taken for every
20cum or part thereof of concr,ete work
ignoring any part less than Scum or as
often as,considered ne,cessary by the En-'
gL'1eer-in-Charg~. The test of concrete
cubes shall be carried out in accordance

used for this purpose. A similar plate

. shall be p~ovided for covering the top
surface of the test specimen when moulded.

with the procedure ~ described below. A

register of cubes shall be maintained at '
the site of work in appendix D, .page
110The casting of cubes, concrete used
for cubes and all otherincidentalcharges,
such as curing, carriage, to the testing
laboratory Shall be borne by the contractors. The testing fee for the ~ubes, if any,
shall be borne,by the department.

NOTE:

..

Samples of concrete, for test specimen

shall be taken at the tfnxer or in the case
.' of ready mixed concrete fr6~ the transportation vehicle discliarge or as directed
by Engineer-in-charge.
Such ~amples
shall be obtained by repeatedly passing a
scoop or pail through the discharge stream
o(concrete.
The saItJ.pliflg operation
should be spread over evenly to the entire
discharging operation/The sifuples thus
"obtained sha11.betransported to the place
of moulding of the specimen. To counteract segregation, the concrete shall be
mixed with a shovel until itis uniform in

Test procedure -

A-I.1 Mould'
The mould shall be of size 15 cm x 15 cm
xIS for the maximum nominal size of
aggegate riot exceding40mm. For concrete with aggregate size more than 40
mm, size of mould shall be specified by
the Engineer-in-charge, keeping in view
th~ fact that the length of siz~ of !U0uld
should be about four times the size of
aggregate.

appearance. The location in the work of

the batch ofconcrety thus sarripled shall
be noted for further reference. In case of

Th~ moulds for test specimens shall be

made of non-absorbent material and shall
be substantially strong enough to hold
their form during the moulding of test'
speciniens. They shall not very from the
standard- dimensions by more than one
percent. The moulds shall be so constructed that tliere'is no leakage of water
.from the test specimen during moulding. -

paving concr,ete" samples shall ~ taken

from the batch immediately after deposition of the subgrade. At ~east five samples
shall be taken from different,portion of
the pile an~ these",samplys shall be thoroughly mixed before being used to f<?rm
the test specimen. 11u~"sampling shall be
spread as everily as possible throught out
the day. When wide change$ occur during

All the cube mould~" for particular site

should, prior to use, be checked for accu-

8-4/CPWD/ND/92::

,"}

A-1.2 Sample of concrete

A-I

Satisfactory moulds can be made

from masJ:tYle or, steel castings.
rolled metal plastes or galvanised
iron.

105

concretfug, 'addtional;mh.pies: shall be

":taken if so desifed by; the Engineet-incharge.
A-1.3 :PreRaratlon of Test Specimens
The interior surfaces of the mould and
base plate shall be lightly oiled before the
concrete is placed fu the mould. The
samples of ~ncreteobtcpned'as described
under the testspecimen shall be immediately moulded by one of the following
methOds-as iridicated below:-

"coi}cre1eshall'~<pl<}ced in mould.in two

layers, each approximately half the volum~,of the mould. fu placing e~chJcobp; ,'.
ful of concrete the scoop shall be moved
around the top edge of the mould as the
concret~ there ~1ides from it, in order to
ensure a symmetrical distribution of concrete wifu.i!1the mould. Either internal or
extemalv~brators may be usedThe vibration ofeachl~yershallnot
be continued
longer than is pecessary' to ..secure' the
.- required density. Interiial vibrators 'shall
be of appropriate size and shallJ>enetrate
only the layer tore oompactedtIn comp~ct.ipg th~ first layer~ the.vibrators shall
not be allowed to rest on the bottom of the

,--,-

..

'--'

.,;--

...,~-

"shallperterate irltojmderlying.layer ..The

,bOttomlayershall.be
fOdded
~ .... i:~.'
;-'
,,'
. ,.
". throughout
i!Sd~p~YAfter the tp ,!,,~~,
Jayer'has
~n.. '
-'-,'
"'''''''''
rodded, the surface of the concrete shall
be,struck ~off'Yith a jrowerand covered
wiih a glass plate at leas(6~5 nun thick or
',>,

>--. ~-

,..,..,

,:.q

,';"~iDofua~~~<
',~,

~.,

,~;.,.,.~

;.;

a glass or steel plate"as s~cified above.

The whole process pf moulding shall be
ca,fIi~d out in such a m~er
as t9 preclude the alteration of water-cement ratio
.. of the concrete by:loss of water, either by
c"'leakag~{from the",bot!0m. or over flow
from the top of the mould."

~ ,

.. -~".-

;,nnet as <1' p@Clud~ the.:ch,8I!ge of the

~,,water cement ratio ofth~ cd~crete,by loss
'of~ater either By ie#!lgefw!Il'tfie
bottom;to? o~ei'flbwfrom ,the t6pibf the

. ".

ondlayerenough"co~crete shall be added

to bring level abOve the top of the mould.
The surface 'Ofthe ,~--;.."
Concrete shall then be
stI'Uckoff with a trowel and covered With

"'

a machin~' plate. We wholeTprocess,of

rllouldfug shall be cMried outin sheh ama

.. , -.:

I1!0uld., IiIplacing the concrete for the top

layer' the' ..mould shalH:>efilled to the
extent' that there willb~ no mortar loss
'during vibraq.on: A:ft:ervibratirig the sec-

When the job concrete is compacted by

manual metbogs; the test specimen shan
be moulded 1;>YI>lacing,
thefresh~ncrete
.
in the mould in three layers, ,each. approxiffiately one t!U[d of the volume of ~
the mould. In plac~g each' scoopful of.
concrete the scoop shall be moved around
the top edge of the It1.ouldas the concrete
there slides from i~, inordedo ensure a.
uniform distribution of concrete,;within
,the moUld~>Eachlayer shall be rOdded 35
,tiffie~With "i 6mm rod, 60 cm in length,
bullet pointed at the lower end. The strokes
shall;c~ j1iStrib~~~
iP.,uniform:'matmer
- ~-,.:~~
~"'-;
/
~
,"
over the cfus'"ssection of the mould and.

~_

,,~":';t,.:f

A-1.~ Cut1ng,an4sioI:iig~.,of tesJ specimen

,"
"

In"'o;a;i'to 5~!1~~~-~~;;onably uniform

tel!,lpe~tUre and ,m9ispl,re condipons during the first 24 hours for cU,r.ingthe specimen and to protect them from damage,
/ moUldsshall be covered with wet straw or

~ ;guriny s'aJ19ng",,~fl placed in~ .~torage

bo~ so~nsti:uc~d3!ld

kept on tl1e work

~tIen cbntaining' concrete. specjmens' shall (Cmain
/l-2'C ,to 33 C .. Ot:l]erc,suitapl~.nieans
which provide s~~h a temperature and
,',moiswr(copditjons
may ~used~

>..site t4~~its airtem~rature

- When thejob concrete is placed by vibra-.

tion aI!d the consistency of the concrete is
'.
such fbat;
~- the ".tet
specimens cannot be
properly ,lJloU1<ied, by"-handrodd!ng~as'
pesri!>esd 'aooye; ~~'specimens shall be
vibraied to give aeompaction corresponding.to that of the joMzoncrete. The fresh
...

" 106

"-

with battens to avoidwatping. The

.box should=be well painted ;nm.de:.
and outside,and should be prPvided~
with a hirtged cOverand padl~k.

The load ~

, d)

The t,est,spegmen shall be ~mdv from'

the moulds at the. end of 24 hours and
_,", stored ill a moist,condition at a temperature within 24 cto 300 c until the:timeof
test. If. storage, in water is desired, a
saturated lime solution shall be used.
A-1.5

be _applied 'axially

witout shoc~ atJhe rate of approximately 140 kg.sq em per minute.

The total load indicated by the testing machiiie at failure of test.sped':
men sh,allbe recorded and the writ
cOmpressive strength.is calculated
in kg per sq em using the area computed from the meitsured dimensions of the test specimen. The type
of ~failure and appear.ance of the
concrete shall be noted

Te,sting

"The specin?-~nsshall6e"tested in~accor-

APPENDIX B

dance with' piqsedure as"described below:

"
a)

"

TIu~tests shall ~ made. at ~ age o( .'

concr~~eccorrCSI'2IldiIig..,to
'tJIat for
which the stre,ngtl,ts"ajes~cified;

B-1 REBOuND HAMMER TEST.,:

~ANbATORYnELDTES~
.

b)' , Comp~ssion tests shan 00. made

. i1!1mediately,uponremoval' of the
concrete test s~en
f~
the.
curing rOOlnte. the test spCcimen
shall ~ loaded !P'd~p condition.
The <fil!1ensio~()f ~e ~st,specim~ns ~hallbe ni~asu~d in mm accurate)o 0.5 mm.
c)

The me,talbea~g plate~ ~fthe JestiI!gmachi.Qesnall be placed ~&'n~

tact~th t!J:eends of t!J.etest specjinenS,'Cushonmgmaterialsshallnot ,.
be used. Inthe case of cu):?es,thetest
,'s~(;i.m~!lsh.@"be placed mthe
that the
. machinem S\i'Cldi ttIanner
~
IQadis apj>liedtosid~s
of the s~ci-~'
~_~-!.
,~_
.mens as cast; An adjustable bearing
, block shall"be.used)o:trarismit the
load to the test specimen. The size
of thebearingbl~ok shaIl.~bethe
same.or,slight!YI~rgerJhai1that of
test sPecimen. The upper or lower
,section of the bearingq~O(;kshallbe
k~pLin moti()n'asJh~:hea~,ofth~.
testingma,hineis 6!oughtt~ ~beai~
ing on the test specimen.
-~

.....

""':0:

-.'

"

.,..,.-

',-

-;;. ':

",~
__

OC,'

','-:

_.~

.1

'S

",c"';;

lr-",. -,.-:'

':..1'

C';;'.-

"-

...

-'~,

.. ,

..

..

'-

_.

.'"

;,.-

--

..

.,'*'.;-

.;: -;;:.,_

":;,

_'f.;.~,,

.~:<-~;j::-

',"

,:.."-

-"

-~'"

,""

,-

.c-'

.~

(Clause $,.5.9.1)
&

-~

:_~

,~

107

,,,_,

,..

., -c.

':-

~_.:.~

_ ._,_

If a rebound hammer.~is reght8rty used. by

trairle<lperSgnnelin accordai1cewith procedure desribci1in IS 13311 (part II) -1992 and a
cOntinuouslymamtained iD.dividualcharts are
kept showing a large number otrea~gs and the relation ,betWeenthe readings and strength
of cOncretecubeS madef1'Om the same batch of
concrete, such charts may be used in Conjunction with hammer' readings to obtain ~ ap.proximate indicatioo:of the ~~
of COncrete dn a structure or element. I.f~alj.bratioll
charts are available frotn manufactUrers,it ca,I,1
be used;~When ma1dn~,.rebound ~mer testS
each result shouJ4 be th~ av~rage of at least 12
readings. ReadiDgsshpu!d not be t,*en within
20 mm of the edge o! concrete mem~rs and it
may ~ neacessarytodistingUish between readings iaken,on a trowel, Jace and those on a
moulded~'face;,tWhen making thetest~ on a
precast units, special ;care should,be taken to
bed~th~m finnlyagairist the impact of the
hammer:'- .

APPENDIX-C

C-2 ULTRASONIC TEST

ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR

CONCRETE

If an ultrasonic apparatus is regularly

used by tniined personnel in accordance
with IS 13311(part
I) -1992 and'
continuosly maintained individual charts
are Kept showing a large number of readings & the relation between the reading
and strength of cubes made from the same
batch of concrete, such c!1arts may be
used to obtain approximate indications of
the strength of concrete in the structures.
'In cases of suspected lack of compaction
or low cube strength the results obtained
from the ultrasonic test results on adja~
cent acceptable sections of the structures
may be used for the purpose of assessing
the strength of concrete in the suspected
portion.

(Clause 5.4.9.2)

c-o In case th~ concrete fails when tested as

per the method presribed in Appendix A,
one or more of the foll~iwing check tests
may be carried out at the discretion of
Engineer-in-charge to satisfy the strength
of the concrete laid. All testing expenditure shall be borne by the contractor. The
nuinber of additional tests to be carried
out shall be determined by the Engineerin-charge. He shall be the fip.al authority
for interpreting the results of additional
tests and shall decid~ upon the acceptance or otherwise. His decision in this

. C-3 LOAD TESTS ON INDIVIDUAL PRECAST UNITS

regard shall be final and binding. For the

purpose of payment, the Hammering test
results only shall be the criteria. Some of
the tests are outlined below:-C-l '.CUTTING CORES

The load tests described in this clause are

intended as check on the quality of the
units and should not be used as substitute
for normal design procedures. / Where
members require special testing, such
spe~ial testing procedures shall be in accordance with the specification. Testloads
shall be applied and removedincremently.

This method involves drilling and testing

cores from the concrete for determination
of compressive strength. In suitable circumstances' the compressive strength of
the concrete in the structure may be
assessed by drilling cores from the concrete and testing. The procedure used
shall comply with the requirements ofIS
1199-1959 and IS 516-1959.

C-3.1

Non-destructive Tests

The unit sha}1be supported atits designed

points of support and loaded for five
minutes with a load equal to the sum of
the characteristic dead load plus one and
a quarter time the characteristic imposed
load. The defleaction is th~n recorded.
The maxinium deflection after application of the load shall be in accordance

The points from which cores shall .be

taken shall be representative of the whole
concrete and at least three cores shall be
obtained and tested. If the average of the
strength of all cores cut from the structure
is less than the specified strength, the
concrete represented by the cores shall be
liable to rejection and shall be rejected if
a static load test (c-4) either cannot be
carried out or is not permitted by the
Engineer-in-charge.

with the requirements defined by the Engineer-in-charge. The recovery is measured .five minutes after the removal of
the load and the load then r.eimposed: The
percentage recovery after the second loading shall be not less than that after the first
loading nor less than 90% of the deflection recorded during the second loading.

108

-At notime during the tests, shall the unit

show any 'sign of weakness or faulty
construction as defined by the Engineerin-charge in the light of reasonable interpretation of relevant data.
C-3.2

When the limit state of collapse is being

considered the test load'shall be equal to
the sum of characteristic dead load plus
. one and a quarter times the characteristic
imposed load and shall be maintained for
a period of 24 hours. In any of the test
temporary supports of sufficient strength
to take the whole load shall be placed in
position underneath but not in contact
with the member being tested. Sufficient
precautions must be taken to safeguard
persons in the vicinity of the structure.

Destructive Tests

.. ,The unit is40aded while supporfed at its

design poiilt of support and must not fail
at its design load for collapse, wi~
15
minutes of time when the test load
beacomes operative. A deflection e)(ceeding 1/40 of the test span is regarded as
failure of the unit. /

C-4.3

Measurements during Tests

Measurements

C-3.3

Special Tests

width shall be taken imme~ately after

application of the load and, in the case of
24h sustained load test, at the end of 24h
loaded period, after removal of the load
and after 24h recovery period. Sufficient
measurements shall be taken to enable
side effects to be taken in account. Tem--

For very large units or units not readily

amenable to the above test e.g. colUIims~
the precast parts of composite beams and
members designed for continuity or fixity, the testing arrangement shall be agreed
upon before such units are cast.
C-4 LOAD TESTS OF STRUCfURES
PARTS OF STRUCTURES

perature and weather contitions shall be

recorded during the tests.

OR
C-4.4

The test described in this clause are intended as a check where there is a doubt
regarding structural strength. Test loads
are to be applied and removedincremently.
C-4.l

Assessm~nt of Results
In assessing the strength of a structure or
a part of the structure following a loading
test, the possible effects of variation in
temperature and humuditi during the
period of the test shall be considered.

Age at Tests

The following requirements shall be met:

The test is to be carried Fissoon as possible after the expiry of 28 days from the
time of placing of the concrete., When the
test is for a reason other than the quality
of concrete in the structure being in doubt,
the test may be carried out earlier, pro~
vided that the concrete has already
reached its specified characteristic
strength.,
C-4.2

of deflection and crack

a)

The maximum width of any crack

measured immediately on application of the test load for local damage, is to be not more than 213 of the
value of the"'approriate limit state
requirement

b)

Formembers spanning between two

supports the deflection measured
immediately on application of the
.test lo~d for deflectioI} is ~o be not
more than 1/500 of the effective
span. Limits shall be agreeed upon
before testing cantilevered po~ons
of structUres.

..,

Test Load
The test loads to be applied for the limit
states of deflection and local damage are
the appropriate design loads i.e. the characteristic dead and superimposed loadS.

109

c)

If, maximum deflection in mm

s~own~uring 24 h .under load is
leSs than 40L2/D where L is effec-

in ~lause (a) a reinforced concrete

structure does not show a recovery
of at least 75 percent of the maxit;num deflection 'showndUrlng the
24 h under l()~d, the loading should
be repeated. The structure should be
considered to have failed to pass the
test if the recovery after second loading is not atleast75 percent of the
maximum deflection shown during
,the second loading.-

5'

tive span in ill~ D is 9verall depth

ofconstruciioo
in. rom, ~t is not
~ssary
for the recovery to be'
" me<1Sin-ed and the require~ent (d)
does not apply, and
If within 24 hours of the'removal
of
~
test' load Jor collapse as calculated

d)

,.,-

"

APPENDIX-D
REGISTER OF WORK TEST OF CONCRETE
. (Clause A-O of appendix A)
a)

Name of work,

Concrete mix,
(By volume) .'

b)

Name of contractor

1:1:2

210

1:1 1/2:3

175

1:2:4

140

c)

: Agreement No

d)

Sample No.

e)

Identification mark

t)

Portion of work and quantity

represented by sample

g)
h)

Date and time of c'asting ,cube

" Proportion of mi.x

7Days' Test (C!. 5.4.10.3.)

1.

Compn;ssive strength
, in kg/cm2 on 7 days

"Due date of test

cube No.

2. "

Actual,date of test

3.

MfuIDmumstre~~

b)

Maxinium Strength

c)

Average strength of three cubes

d) ,Difference
~ e)

between 3 a

& 3b

Difference in % age in tepns pf average strength

i.e

3b-3a
--,- .... x 100 =
3c

. 110

e)
d)
f)
g)
c)
h)

,4.

~Pecified compresssive strength of concrete mix used -

'5

a)

If 3 (e) is more than 30%

b)

If 3 (e) is equal to or less

than 30% than proceede as below:

i)

Difference
between column 4
i.e. specified compo strength &
column 3 (c) i.e. actual average is
higher, it will be denoted
(+) and (-) if it is less.

ii)

Difference in Column ~ (b) (i) in .

, terms' of % age of specified strength

Sample is not acceptable, then 28 days'

,strength test shall be carried out.
'

ill) If the difference in col5 (b) ,(i) is

+ve and the'same in terms of % age,
of specified strength (4) i,e. value of ,
co1. 5 (b) (ii) is with in (+ 15% range)
JE

3(c)-(4) x 100%

Acceptable & Strength is

considered in order /'

BE

. AE/AEE '

REGISTER OF WORK TEST OF CONC,RETE

, a)

Name of work

Concrete Mix
(by volume)

Identification
Name
ofof
contractor
Agreement
Sample
No.
Nomark
Proportion
of
mi,x
Portion
work
quantity
Date
and
time
ofand
casting
cube
b)
represented by sample

1:1:2

315

1:1 1/2:3,

265

1:2:4

210

28 Days' Test (C!. 5.4.10.4)

1.

Due date of test

Cube No.

2.
3.

Actual date of test

Actualcomp.

strength of cubes

. (MiD No. of cubes to be tested-tl1reC)

-111 - .

compressive strength
. in kg/cm on 28 days

a)

Minimum Strength

b)

_Maximum Strength

c)

Average Strength of three cubes

d)

Specified compressive strength of concrete mix used

e)

70% of specified strength

f)
4.

Le. 10%- of 3 - (d)

_.~._.
- --"
-- ~._- ..
--'
..

--'

--~~'--

. --.,

i.e. 130% of3(d)

130% of spcified strength

3(f)
and
~3(e)
(b)test
If 3any
(c)
3(e)value
and>
exceeds
<3(a)
33(f)
(f)
(e)
3 (f)
3(c)
is<
~= more
3(d)
but
thai13

value of3 (c) shall be compressive streIigth

of sample.

.
.
.

tm mayor~er

further investigation

It should be restricted to 3(1) for computa1ion of strength.

Strength is in oider and concrete accepted
at full rates.
Concrete may be accepted at reduced rates
in accordance with para 5.4.13.2
Worle represented by this sample shall be
rejected and action taken as prescribed in
clause 5.4.1004

112

TYPICAL
WALL

UP OF STEEL

SET

FORM

WORK

CHAPTER - R.C.C.
(FORM WORK)
CLAUSE - 5'2,], 6
FIGURE - 1.

"
o

"

,
-

SINGLE

SJDED WALL

FORM (ADJUSTABLE)'

FIG. 1A

..'
:'0' .

...

0'

. '.
~..

...

----

"!'
.. ',.,
..

,FI G.-1 B
All

members'

are

DOUBLE

of 5 t eel.

SIDED'

. 1~

WAll

FORM

WALL

FORM

..CHAP TER-RoC. C.
(FORM WORK 1
CLAU SE ~ 5, 2-96
FIG UR E - 2 .

CLIPS

ADJUSTABLE

CURVED

WALL

FORM

FIG.,-2'
All

MEMBERS

II

ARE

OF STEEL.

114

(DOUBLE

,SIDED 1

TV

F?~IC AL

FI~fINGDE,TA IbS

- - elF

TIES

WA=LL

- CHAPTER - R.C.C.
(FORM
CLAUSE

COILJIE

WORK)

-5'2-3 .. ' 2

FI GURE -

3 .

lEN6! ~
CONES

75 LONG~e.0LT ~:_
,-.1

WASHER

SOLDIER

WALL

ALL

- ....

MEM BERS

TIE'

ARE

FOR

TWO

SIDED

SHtJ,TTERING

OF STEEL

WALL

TUBES
- C H AN NE L
WALl

SOULDIER 2 5M: LONG

FORM PANELS
A-ASSEM8.LY-CLIP
B-,~RIDGE.

s- SINGL

cLIP
cLIP

U1

-['--,.

.--

...:

..

C 1750"-

.".

0"1125
E"1250
F_"137S,'
~,,:2t5pO_

..

..
100

EL EV ATiON

~OSITION'

OF WALL

(SMUTTERING
~ ;".
PRORERLY

,c~~t;,:;,
EG~~I ~(;OA~~~~
~~

TIES

&-

WALING

TU8tS

FOR 1ST POUR Sf:lOULD 8E

t "'- .~,'
..
STRUT-TED
BY RAKERS)

F:IG. 3 ~fiJ
115 ~- ..
-

'!:""

"-~.
"-.
.,.,.
--

-.,

"

STANDAR[) UNITS OF

TYPICAL

WORK

FORM

(CENTRING

8; SHUTTERING)
. Cl A US E - 5. 2 . 3

FIG -

DETAilS

AT

II

90Ft

1'12

9f

. 0III

I..

II "I

JI~I,

I
I=";-----!-.

o
C>

t ';==:1
DROP
! KNOCK
,'
TO

'J"",-_- IJ _1d\l... +

DROP

HEAD

C>

ADJ. STIRRUP HEAD

t U'I,'+ U-L

0f-

3 M ,2 M 2I.M
E - VERTICAL S

ALL

MEMBERS ARE

OFS TEEl

AL,~ DIMEN SrONS ARE IN /M tv!

DRAWING

NOT

TO SCALE

12 M

(IN DIFFERENT HEIGHT!)

FIG.-'
116

TYPICAL
FORM

COM~ONENTS
WO~K

CI=tAPTER - R.C.C.
(FORM WORK)
CLAUSE-5'2')'2
FIGURE-5

OF

'\
ANG LE TRA NSOME
\
.

DIAGONAL

TU8ULARTRANSOMI
LEDGER/HANDRAIL

HOP-UP

8RACKET

ANGL E TIE

AD JUSTARLE. BASE

i;.

'.
. I:dI

II
~I

LOCK
F I .~.I 1CUP
oI.COLLARGRIP
-1-"~~/"~
I L FiXED
SASE

H
GII

PLATE

TYPICAL

ARRANGEMEN'T
COLUMN
FORM ,WORK

CHAPTER.;.
(FORM

Re.C.C.

- WORK)

C LA'u SE - 5232
FIG.

'-

6.

CORNER

,
"

ANGLE

BRACKET

I;

FOUR

SIDES

ADJU 5 TABLE

COLUMN, FORM

'CORNER ANGLE
BRACKET
EXTERNAL
TWO

ALL

'MEMBERS

ARE"6F

. FORM-;"~'"

STEEL
118

CORNER ANGLE'

. CHAPTER
(FORM

CLAUSE
FIGURE

TYPI CAL

COLUMN

SHUTTERIN9

FIG. - 7
ALL MEMBERS

ARE OF STEEL

-R.C.C.

WORK)

- 5,2,,),2
- 7.

TYPICAL

DETAIL ,;OF BEAM

HEAD AND STIFFNER

CHAPTER

(FORM

- R .C.C.

WORK)

FIGURE - 8.
CLAUSE - 5233

IAM

HEAD

0
BEAM

ASSEMBLY
HEAD

HEAD

CD

OF BEAM

OVER

PROP

l
1

VARYJ~

'-

WIDTH

J~MM

~MM

S TIFFNER
FLOOR

(OUT

FORMS

OF 14 GAUGE

(A DJUS TER
AVAILABLE

PLAN

M.S.SHEET)

.IN VARDUS SIZES)

MEMBERS

OF

FLOOR (SLAB) FORMS

FLOOR FORMS

ALL

5 TIFFN ER

ARE OF STEEL.

FIGURE ..,8
120

TYPICAL
DETAILS
OF MULTI.
STAGE
SHUTTERING
SUSPENDED FLOOR/.iSlAB
TO BE CAS T
...,
------ - -- - o.lS
BEAM -CENTRSHUTT
---- - --IN G- - - - STEEL- ERING
-r HEIGHT ~

CHAPTER - R .C.C:
(FORM WORK)

--

HEAD

.m----- ~----.-.

CLAUSE

3.5 Nt

FIG.

- 52'32

PRO P5
VERT

IC

tEIGHT'\<

SUSPENDED

FLOOR -MULTI

STAGE

3.5 M

SHUTTERING

( VERTICA L SECTION)

FIG.-9A
A LL

MEMBERS

ARE

OF STEEL

VERTICALS

-DIGONAlS

121
9-4!CPWDIND/92

9.

DETAILS OF EXPAN'SI0N JOINTS

( INVAAIOUS

lOCATIONS)

CHAPTER - R.C.C.

CLAUSE-

5,',5

F! G U R E -

10 &11.

JOINTS

'Ot'

GROOVE AT'R.C.C.-MASONRY

FIG ..-10

EXPANSION

JOINTS

IN

lONG

JUNCTION

SUN SHADE

R.C.C. COPING'
CRAFT

PAPE.R

'BITUMEN

BRICK
BITUMEN

OR

PAINTlNG-

BITUMEN
PAIN TIN G
MUD PHUSKA
rLi ME TERRACING

TILE

FlllE R
R .C.C.

C.lING

BEAM

PLASTER

R.~~.;SLAa _',
M ET',1!iiiCRA
'''''.0;,;;/.'.' .:-"" OLE

-RAWl'

PLUG & SCR''EWS'WITH

SHAPEP SLOT & WASHER
'RAWL PlU G & SCREWS

A. C. SHEET

DE TAl LS

OF

RAISED

TYPE

EXPANSION

FIG ... 11
122

JOINT

AT

OVAL

ROOF

EXPANSION

JOINTS

(C ONTO.)
CHAPTER
,

CLAUSE
FIGURE

.R.C.C.
- 5-4,5
-12 T014.

25M~,1 THICI< TO MATCH

& LAID OVER A .cOAT

.THE
FLOOR FINISH
OF HOT BITUMtN
~R.C.c.
PRECAS
TIl.
:..1---,--,-12
MMT .(,.AP

FILLED

WITH

J GIN T FILLER

...

',8

R.C.C .SL AB
METAL

If:

CRADLE

"'.'.I

- -.:'
. ~PLASTER
L~_~ITH
T UM EN
R .C C. BI
BEAM
A.C. SHEET
RAWl

PLUG

FIG; 12

&

-RAWl
OVAL

SCREWS-

TYPICAL

FILLED

UP

FI LL EH ( ABOVE)

PLUGS &. SCREWS WITH

SHAPP EO SLOT & WASH ER

DETAilS

c.c.

25M M

GAP

\
MASONRY TO BE CONSTRUCTED
AFT ER PLACINGCANTILE VER SL A B

..

BRICK WALL
PLASTER
R.C.C. CANTILEVER
SLAB
D~BEDoED
IN MASONRY
AT
ONE END, FREE AT THE OTHER END
FLOOR FINISH
SKIRTING

I
C.C .GOLA

MUD PHUSKA

R .C.C. SL.h. B
BIT U MEN FI LLER
METAL CRADLE
R.C.C. BE.6.M

FIG
14 TYPICAL
...
AT

---,.."
OF

DETAILS
ROOF

GAP
EXPANSION 25 M~~
JOINT

FLOOR

123

JUNCTION

EXPAN SION

JOIN TS (CaNTO.)
CHAPTER

A.

TWIN\BEAM

WITH

TWIN

COLUMNS

CLAUSE

- R. C.C.
-

FI G UR [

Twin beams

5, 45
- 15 TO 18

Twin

col umns

[ .---- -f
- - --' --- - ---- -- ---- ---- - ----- -- -

c ----

..

cradlt

for

t'50
'beamCopper

External

lace

I
Twin beams

A.J

Twin

columns

PLAN

L1QQ

f
.'

FIG.-15

tGap 12

&

SECTION
T:BEAM

( T- Beam changed
5mm

A-A
ON flOOR
CONSTRUCTION

inlo rectangular

C E.,
. :~
<.'..'.
~':"::

lM~d
laid

".

tiliJ~
"

Q1,P2~
SLAB

.-A

::.,.;~
.. :/:1~
" R.C.C.

12 mm open joint in
floor stagger e d from
upansion
joint filled
wit" bitumen

B.

8'~ ..: .....

,.

sl<:pe

10

fuska

_BeamR.C.C.',b

Plast er

D-.25
OF

beam

10

LONG

SEC
A-A
LENGTH

prav ide inlermediate

ON

ROOF

expansion

joint)

pans! on

joint fill.d
with bit umen
I iller
Situmen

.~.

-ular
'.
R.C.C.beam
Rectang.\ .'. :":.

T - 8 ea m

Flooring

J.R.c.c.

Slab

."

FIG. - 16
LONe;

VERAN DAH

1ll2006-13OOO
KEY

D. LONG

SLAB

WATER -RESERVOIR

PLAN

PLAN

FIG.-18
Butl

lelt

SLAB

-~2

12000-13000 }
12

FIG. - 17

Bilumen

-=!. ..

~::..;

Unfilled gap

lelt

12mm expansion joint

filled with bitu men Iiller
or impregnated
fibre board

C:

.... '

joinli.floor

.~..

PART

&

slab

.. : ':'.;.'.:':
R.C.C. Sab
$Fborin~
..... ' ..
Ceiling plasler
SEC.

A- A

A' Hot bitumen painting @ 17 k.g./ sqm.

BBifumen
filler.
CRawl
plugs
t, 50mm screws @ 300 mmclc.
D Asbestos
sheet 150mm wide or P. V.C. sheet.
E Rawl
plugs & scr'ews with oval shaped slot
washers
@ 300 mm c/c.
124
F
Copper cradle.

' . ~:~~.'.
: ... ~arln
R.C.C.
r~"::-.~:....
~:':-':::~':'~j
lilling
..'" .' " . .........
PlasterSlab
6mm
SECTION

A-A

Drawing not to
scale.
All dimensions
ar e in mm.

EX PANS10N

JOINTS (CONTO.)
CHAPTER - R .C.C.
CLAUSE - 5'4,5
Ft GURE - 1CJ TO 22 .

-200 M MASSES TOS CEMEN T FLA T

SHEET OR ALUMINIUM
PLATE
OR SIMILAR
MATERIAL

R AWL PLUG .& SCREW W ITII

OVAL SHAPPED SLOT &, WASHER
1 2 MM

RAWL

GA P

&

SCREW

R. C .C . COLUM N
25 MM GAP

INSIDE

FIG.

PLUG

TYPICAL
_19PLAS TER
ON

DE TAl L OF EX PANSION

OUTER

FACE

OF

JOIN 1. COVERING

C OLU MN S

(PL AN)

STEEL OR AlUMIr'JIUM
ANGLE
FIXEO WfTHRAWL
PLUG
&,
SO MM

; , ,...
.
..

..
,~

.~
..':.,. '.JOINT

t-

SCREW Ia) 300 MM

~Ic..:\\

12MM GAP

BRICK
WORK

\:,

PlAS TER

FILLER

.J,

'- c.t:" 1\ I

EX PAND EX
BOARD

25MM GAP

R.C.C. COLUMN

JG COMPOUND
COLUM N
TYPICAL
JOINT

DETAILS
~T

FIG.2QTYP'CAL
Of

ISOLATED

DETAILS

OF

EXPANSION
JOINTS.~T
CORNER
COLUMN

EXPANSION
TWIN COLUMNS

REINFORCE

FIG. 21
.

PV.C.WATER

S Tor!

..

BAR

" ........

..

JOINT FILLER

FIG.22

DISCONTfNUTY'lN
BOTH'
CONCRETE' & STEEL
EXPANSION

JOINT

TO

PRESSURE

WATER

(FOR

125

WATER

SUBJECTED

TANK S )

EXPANSION
@

JOINTS

12MM E)(~ANSION
JOINTS
FILLE.D
WITH
FILLER
ORIMPREGNATEDR8RE
BOARD

( CONTD~)
CHAPTER - R.C.t.
CLAUSE
- 54,5
FIGURE - 23 .

BITUMEN

(96MM

CEMENT PLASTER
1!J (1C;:3F.
SAND) FINISHED
WITH A FLOATING COAT OF NEAT CEMENT AND A
THICK COA.T OF LIME WASH
OR LAID WITH KRAFT PAPER.

FLOORING/MUD
PH USKA WITH

TILES

50
GAP
TO100
AT UNFILLED
TOP.
/ ,/BUTT
FLOORJOINT
STAGGERED
IN THE
FROM

EXPANSION

'
JOINTS

)
R CC SLAB

BED
PlAT E

A.

END WALL
'SUSPENDED

WITH RooFI
flOOR SLAB
FLOORING/MUD
WIT H TILES.

BEAM

B.
PHUSKA

- 81TUMEN

FEL T

25 TO 1.0 UNFlLL ED
GAP A T TO P

<-

C. END WALL WITH

SUSPEf\UED

RCX?F/

FLOOR

D. INTERMEDIATE

WALL WITH

FLOOR SLAB

SLAB

BRICK LAID WIT H

VERTICAL J(iINT
IN MORT AR

E" INTERMED!AT E

'(Q

t:~~

, 'V"
PLASTER
WALL WITH ROOF SLAB
MEt:L\L SHEET

HOT BITUMEN
PAINTING @17 KG.f SQM.IN
CASE
OF ROOF SLAB/ BEAM.,
HOT 'BITUMEN
'PAlNTING @17KG./
SQM.,8ELOW
BRICK WALL ONLY ON SUSPENDED
FLOOR,

BEAM{ SLAB.
DRAWING
NOr
ALL DIMENSIONS

TO SCALE.
ARE IN M~-1.

25MM GA"P
-FL:AT ASBESTOS
CEMENT SHEET OR
ANY OTHER EQUALLY
SUITABlE MATERIAL
150MM WIDE
F, EXPANSION
JOINT USING
JOINT FILLER AND SEALING

COMPOUND

EX PAN SION
CHAPTER
C LA USE

FIG.

- R.C.C.
5, 4 . 5

24-25.

PRE CAS T SL.ABI TILE 5-BITUMEN

FLOORING

---,

RUBBERISEO

r--

~_- -SHEET METAL FLASHINf1

j-RECTANGULAR
BAR
BAR SET IN FORMS
I , - --I ,FLAT.

PAD-l

II>

..

..

~'
. ----'

'

..

"II' ,

~ .. _JI/":r-6 //( .. ;'

-__-~

'41"

"

",'

'

=r.--t=q .
Rt.,WL

PLUG
GAP,

=t

FI Go24

1 ,,to _

."

----"R.C.C.

.0#<

L'-'-

II

R .C ,c. Pl.ASTER
5l A8
CEILING

OVAL

FLOOR LEVEL

COPING

BITUMEN

PAINTING

...
,,;,
(/''. ~~
.....
...
~."
r-'-'
.f-':.,..-:

/7/

'4<

_~

'/Y'" .. ' ....rBRICK

-L.'
- .
,y-

...

II ..

R.C.C. BEAM-

''',

",
'

....

PLUG
GAP-8, - S;fEWS

FIG..25

~J:ISMIC

..

...

<t

.':..'
' ... ~

;'

TilES

'

...

,. LR.C.C.SLAB
. L_CEILING PlA.STER,

~.,.,.:.,.
,;

.. ; -.c

RAWl

.
11

RAWl PLUG WITH

SHAPPED
SLOT
A.C. SHEET GA.P

Ji.

GOLA'*
' .

'

~!.t:1I~ ..._,;~EPARAT ION AT

',

lit'
-

.'C.C.
.'

~..",,'"

"~.,t':J
I

T ---

'~_.~
SCREW)

&

.'

'~I
1,4 .

>~;. -,,.,...., ';,".

MASTIC------'II

.~C]=D::J

t-flLLED
WITH
METAL UP
CR/..
OLE BITUMENfiLLER

IL.A.

C.'--RAWL
SHEET'" PLUG WITH OVALSHAPPEi:; SLOT

SEPARATION

127

JOINTS

DETAIL AT

)~Qf

JOINTS

CON STRUCTION

".......
., '.; .. :, .."' CD
~.;'ot,-.;
....::....
- - _(2)- -. - -I!!--::;.ti':~\>r~.::_\:~;
.::.;...:,.~:~.::.;'I.::..)-2 . ~a..'L

A .. PROHIBITED
(CLAU

JOINT.

CHAPTER

- R.C.C.

CLAU SE
FIGURE

- 5'~' ~
- 2.&.

"'T

~~,,:@

<D '
.". ;', .~.:. :.,. :---. '.. .'.~
E. JOINT' IN BEAM
OR

IN SLAB

.
SLAB

SE -5'4'4'3)

.'
.
;JfSASE LEAN aN
, <DJ.l~g4~~
=" ="~"-~p{Cl/~rrnING
F. JOINT

B.

JOINT

'IN

(STOP
TAKE

C, . STOP

IN FLOORING

FOR WATER RE.SERVOIRS

SLAB

BOARD
SLOTTED TO
HORIZONTAL REINFffiCEMENT.)

PLAN

- BOARD
H.

\!.J

JOINT

IN

SLAB

AND

".,

.1

-:-

.'~

MONOLITHIC

7"

BEAM

R.C.C,
CONS T.

'f'E,r';''''';.iliu
---_:_:~1R.C.C.
.
':MAlN
D.

KEY ED JOINTS
IN WALLS
(WITH
5 TO P - BOARD
FI TrED
WIT H 25 X 25 CHAM FER PIECE
AND SLOTTED TO TAKE HORIZONTAL

CD

RtPRESENTS

<l) REPRESENTS
DRAWING
ALL

NOT

DIMENSIONS

FIRST.

PLACING

SUBSEQUENT
TO

H.

SECTION

BARS.)
OF

CONCRETE.

PLACING

OF C~CRETE

SCALE.

ARE

IN. MM.

FIG. -26
128

A - A

'.

~SECONDARY
BEAM SLAB

8EAM

ENCASING

f--

., .,

,,",. ...;~, I~.'.,,.

"

"

.:

"

ROLLED

STEEL

CHAPTER- R .C.C,
CLAUSE-S'S'2
FIG,
27 - 28

. ,,, ,

LESS
,- , ,., .,.LAP
t"
' ,' ,
. NOT

,"
.,-.'-Y"....~~=~
, ,,.f-:.'..''10)
~ ,. -'////0
~.

."
\'

0<JV
-f
-

EXPANDED METAL
OF UNGAlVANIZED
WIRE MESH

STEEL

COLUMN
5 DfA WIRE

;,

.
,

..

"'-,"

HANGER AT 1200 C/c

,.

- ..

-- .. "

t?777// ~ ~

),,: ..

THAN 100

R.S. JOIST

FIG. 27
RC,C, SLAB

SECTION

..
"

...

-'
.

.\--+-{EXPANDED

..
: ,.

','

UNGALVANIZED WIRE MESH

METAL OR

~5j,251.

"FIG. 2 8 STEEL
,

BEAM .WITH SLAB

NORMALLY CEMENT CONCRETE 1:2:1. (1 CEMENT:

2 COARSE SAND: 4 GRADED S TONE AGGREGATE
12,5 NOMINAL S,IZE) SHALL BE USED.

DRAWING
NOT TO SCALE
ALL i DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

129

R. C.Co DOOR .& WINDOW' FRAMES

CHAPTER
R.C,C.
CLAUSE592
.

5,9,3,4
FIGURE
MILD

CAOLKED
2 COARSE

.
~CEMENT

NOTE: Insteod
of
m.s.
rod
embedded
.,projec1ed
bent after

~Il'-

DETAIL

AT

bolts for hdd fas t

10 mm ~ may be .
&. the
in concrete
pieces 'may, be
casting.
'"

FOR

iii,

1:1 .
~

SHUTTER

BOLT

t.n

IN

~(.1CEMENT:
SAND)

MORTAR;:2

HORN

HINGE
FOR
STOPPER
HINGE

- 29.

OPT laNAI. ONl Y'AS OF~k PIE .

FRAME

-MILD

STEtL

A NY

OTHER

ARRAN

GErvlEN

All
".

._PRECAS

ANGLE IRON OR
EQUALLY

SUITABLE

dimensions

01

RE INFORCED'

mm.

CONCRETE

mm d> m.s. wi re
ties@>300 mm clc
25
3

oN

I..()

=--

---~

2 nos. m.s.

'I!
., XSmm
~ats:30'

GROOVE

FOR

bolt
..

"i

N.,..;

".:.'~.v~r j.a.s
'~120 f
t
size .'V_
It '70rarn. In''
___
Q 19-

. WA L L PlAS

0 L10rnmfi
....
_

,
h"do fast.
Co,

~bNGE.
R = 30,35 OR40 MM DEPEN DING UPON
THE. THICKNESS
OF SHUTTER

TER

E!..!L ',29 ( C )ALTER NA TlVE D ET AI LS OF PR E

CAS T REINFORCED
CONCRETE
DOOR ~

30, 35 OR L.OMM
DEPENDiNG
UPON
. WINDOW /FRAME
.SHOWING ARRANGEMENT
THE THICKNESS
OF SHLJTTER
j
fOR REINFORCEMENT
, HOlDFASTS
& HINGES.
FIG.- 29(b) CROSS SECTION OF PRECAST
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
DOOR
AND
'
WINDOW'
FRAME SHOWING REINFORCEMENT
=

CONCRETE

,130

DOOR

AND

WINDOW

. F~AME

DOOR

FRAMES

& WINDOW

CHAPTER - R. C.e:
CLAUSE - 592
-

IhIce~ 5S t 0 FiGURE;..
sui t the size
of rebate(See
R in

6mm $
b oM ---.
'-....

...
...
-....... ~

~60
R.c.e. Fram-~

::,:,
...
#

Wall fate

Hing e--'

FIG. 30th) HINGE

T IMBER

fig1~)

~!

.:..:

30

/1~60 /l"

FIXED ON

FRAM~

+~Q
b

mm

11

boll

.30{el~_6IL~

FIG

GroutedJ
\-Nut
HINGE FIXED ON TIMBER FRAfv'
HINGE FIXED
(DOUBLE SHUTTER R.e.c. FRAME)
DRECTLY ON
FIc;3cmHINGE FIXED DIREqLY ON R.C.c. FRAME
FIG. 30(c)
R.C.e. FRAME
ARRANGEMENTS FOR FIXING
HINGES TO PRFCAST
ARRANGEMENTS FOR FIXING HINGES TO
REINFORCED

C(]\ICRETE

DOOR 8. WINDOW

6mm 4Jbars

~3

FRAMES

. PRECAS

mm $ stirrups'

,-

80

receive

T-1-'-1
11

.
Hole to 2~H~"I
-::
.

- .

tow~r

_
+ bol t

110

6mm

$ bars

-1--

_J

:I

III

:,I

I
~

'-25
20

::-5
thick

m.5 .pllate

Gmm1bars'
FIG. 30{g)

AI! dimensions

~ETHOD
OF flXlNG
,TOWER BOLTS
TO R.C.C. FRAMES

in mm.

13f

:
I,
I
r~,.--=t

6mm

R.C. DOOR 8. WIf'UOW

75

u_
:~+~
--~---~---:-~;
-----;--1
20
30 I ~- -__-__ ~

FRAMES

NOTES

132

/
NOTES

133