Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2013 3
2013
doi: 10.7541/2013.28
(1. , , 235000;
2. , , 230039)
: 2011 3 6 9 12 11 ,
9 26 , , 3 ,
15 , , Pearson
(r = 0.617, P = 0.043, n = 11)
(r = 0.654, P = 0.029, n = 11)(One-way ANOVA), Shannon-Wiener
[F(3, 40) = 0.225, P = 0.879]Margalef [F(3, 40) = 0.902, P = 0.449]Pielou [F(3, 40) = 0.841,
P = 0.479] 3 [F(3,
40)
40)
: ; ; ; ;
: Q145+.2
: A
: 1000-3207(2013)02-0367-09
[1]
; ,
[2]
,
[3]
[3]
,
[5]
, [6] [7]
,
,
1.1
, , 1000 km,
2011 3 6 9 12
, 11 (1. :
,
,
: 2012-03-29; : 2012-08-05
: (1979), , ; ; E-mail: jianhuad2004@gmail.com
: (1969), , ; ; ; Tel: 0561-3802381, E-mail: dengdg@263. net
368
37
(WMP-5,
)pH
, (Starflow
7. : 324641N, 1170550E; 8. :
, GPS
3 ,
GPS
, , ,
11 ,
2 ,
, 16 m , ,
( 1)
( 0.07
1.3
1.2
m ) 1
km , 200 m ,
: Shannon-Wiener
H = Pi log 2 ( Pi ) , , Pi i
, S ;
3 (
Margalef d = ( S 1) / ln N , , S
, N ; Pielou
, )
J = H / log 2 S , , S , N
40 ,
, H Shannon-Wiener
4%,
, ,
( 0.0001 g),
()
SIMPER (Similarity
[1]
,
1
Tab. 1
()
The physical and chemical properties of the water for the mainstream of Huaihe River (Mean SE)
3
Mar.
6
Jun.
8.60.42a*
a
9
Sep.
25.50.37b
12
Dec.
23.40.68c
a
Depth (cm)
780.9167.4
Width (m)
200.983.1a
202.982.7a
202.082.9a
681.8161.4
7.90.17
7.20.22
pH
7.70.18
7.140.28a
10.530.43b
38.412.02a
46.59.12a
Conductivity (s/cm)
599.2100.7
510.289.2a
Salinity ()
Velocity (cm/s)
0.320.05
ab
803.5126.3
23.211.20a
0.400.06
8.42.12a
7.60.15ab
7.410.33a
545.769.0
0.280.03
7.350.27a
24.14.29ab
ab
371.148.8a
b
742.3151.0a
198.583.5a
11.42.75b
b
444.448.3a
ab
860.9288.2
14.00.57d
a
503.428.3a
343.319.6a
ab
25.77.99a
0.250.05a
21.75.12a
369
[8]
log10(x+1),
53.87% 59.12%, 6
, 9 ,
SPSS 13.0
( 3)
One-way ANOVA , 2
58.76% 68.58%,
, log10(x+1)
24 , ( 4)
Pearson
2.3
CANOCO 4.5
log10(x+1)
CANOCO 4.5
1 , 2.3,
2.1
, 9 26 (
2), ,
3 , 15
, (Width)(Depth)
, ,
(Sand)
3 , RDA ( 3)
0,
Pearson
(r =
, [10]
P = 0.029, n = 11),
(r = 0.550, P = 0.080, n = 11
[11]
( 1)One-way ANOVA
[15, 18])
40)
[19,
[20] ; ,
0.14], [F(3,
40)
20]
5.45, P = 0.003],
, [21]
, ,
, ,
, 9
[22] ,
One-way ANOSIM ,
[23],
P 0.082 0.514
2.2
, ,
370
Tab. 2
37
2
The composition and distribution of benthic mollusca in Huaihe River
Sampling sites
Species
Gastropoda
Lymnaeidae
1 Radix ovata
++
++
Melaniidae
2 Semisulcospira cancellata
++
++
++
+++++
++++
++++
++
+++
Viviparidae
3 Bellamya aeruginosa
++
++++
4 B. purificata
5 B. quadrata
Hydrobiidae
6 Alocinma longicornis
7 Bithynia fuchsiana
Lamellibranchia
Corbiculidae
8 Corbicula fluminea
++
++
+++++
+++
Sphaeriidae
9 Sphaerium lacustre
Mytilidae
10 Limnoperna lacustris
++++
++
+++
++
++
++
+++
+++
Solecurtidae
11 Novaculina chinensis
Unionidae
12 Acuticosta chinensis
++
13 A. ovata
+
+
+++
+
+
15 A. w. elliptica
+
+
16 Arconaia lanceolata
17 Cuneopsis heudei
18 Hyropsis cumingii
19 Lamprotula bazrni
++
20 L. caveata
++
21 L. rochechouarti
22 Lanceolaria gladiola
23 Lepidodesma languilati
24 Schistodesmus lampreyanus
25 Solenaia oleivora
26 Unio douglasiae
3
2
7
2
10
10
11
15
13
11
10
: Space= 0 ind./m ; + = 01 ind./ m ; ++ = 15 ind./ m ; +++ = 510 ind./ m ; ++++ = 1020 ind./ m ; +++++ >
20 ind./ m2
1
Fig. 1
371
(a)(b)
Spatial variation of density and biomass (a) and river depth and width (b) at each sampling site in the mainstream of Huaihe River
()
Full name of each sampling site can be found in text (Mean SE)
()
Fig. 2 Temporal variation of diversity (Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef index and Pielou evenness index), density and biomass of mollusca
in the mainstream of Huaihe River (Mean SE)
, ,
1500 m 28 ,
, ,
2 , 9
,
, [25]
3
DCA (
2)
, 6 ,
, 1650 cm ,
5 , 6
[24]
, ,
, 9
[26] ,
4 ,
372
37
3 (ind./m2)
Tab. 3 Temporal variation of the mean density (ind./m2 ) of dominant species for each group and the contribution (%) to within group similarity of the mollusca in the mainstream of Huaihe River
3 Mar.
6 Jun.
9 Sep.
12 Dec.
Corbicula fluminea
Dominant species
9.29 (73.07%)
67.98 (66.88%)
14.29 (86.01%)
9.22 (81.89%)
Limnoperna lacustris
2.95 (8.33%)
8.42 (10.46%)
Bellamya aeruginosa
0.98 (5.67%)
2.5 (5.97%)
2.42 (6.63%)
1.3 (4.34%)
Novaculina chinensis
2.36 (5.66%)
2.19 (2.33%)
Cuneopsis heudei
0.71 (3.29%)
Semisulcospira ancellata
0.66 (2.4%)
Total
15.58 (92.73%)
0.69 (5.85%)
82.46 (91.34%)
16.716 (92.64%)
11.21 (92.08%)
4 (g/m2)
Tab. 4 Temporal variation of the mean biomass (g/m2 ) of dominant species for each group and the contribution (%) to within group similarity of the mollusca in the mainstream of Huaihe River
Dominant species
Corbicula fluminea
3 Mar.
6 Jun.
9 Sep.
12 Dec.
54.94 (82.95%)
18.13 (81.18%)
35.17 (70.62%)
55.01 (79.59%)
Bellamya aeruginosa
1.55 (5.25%)
1.21 (6.45%)
5.08 (8.06%)
Cuneopsis heudei
3.75 (4.93%)
12.05 (8.91%)
Lamprotula bazrni
18.28 (8.99%)
Unio douglasiae
3.09 (4.99%)
Total
23.43 (91.36%)
53.67 (5.79%)
57.75 (91.0%)
113.76 (93.44%)
39.99 (91.86%)
Eigen values
0.235
0.104
0.091
0.030
- Species-environment correlations
0.891
0.667
0.694
0.656
Total inertia
1.000
23.5
33.9
42.9
42.9
- Species-environment relation
46.5
67.1
85.1
91.0
Test of significance:
1 Axis 1: F = 9.504, P = 0.022
All canonical axes: F = 2.622, P = 0.002
Note: Total inertia is total variance in species abundance data
[25], 9 , 9
, ,
, ,
61.6 g/ind., 9
[28] ,
3 ,
[15]
[11] ,
[1, 27],
, ,
, [28] ,
[29], ,
[30]
373
:
[1]
Li D L, Zhang T, Yu J B, et al. Temporal and spatial distributional patterns of mollusca in a typical aquacultural lake
946954 [, , , .
[15]
. , 2011, 35(6):
946954]
[2]
, pH 2
[13],
. : . 1979, 134]
[3]
, Ca2+ ,
, [32],
. .
pH ,
[(7.140.28) mg/L 7.20.22]
, ,
pH
Wu X P, Liang Y L, Wang H Z, et al. Distribution and species diversity of freshwater Mollusca of lakes along
, ,
. .
, [29],
27(2): 118123 [, , , .
[33]
.
(), 2009, 27(2): 118123]
[7]
, ,
, , , . ()
. , 2007, 18(1): 158162]
, ,
[29]
[8]
.
, 2003, 33(1): 5864]
[9]
374
37
359430
[, , , .
[14] Dillon R T. The Ecology of Freshwater Molluscs [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2000, 509
[15] Buss D F, Baptista D F, Nessimian J L, et al. Substrate speci-
37: 345354
412422
, . .
[17] Walker-McCollum E, Crowder L B, McCollum S A. Complex interactions of fish, snails and littoral zone periphyton
[J]. Ecology, 1998, 79(6): 19801994
[18] Harthun M. The influence of the European beaver (Castor
371379 [, , , .
. , 1975, 5(3):
371379]
13(3): 253264
[20] Rahel F J, Hubert W A. Fish assemblages and habitat gradi-
, . . :
. 2010, 168]
332
253260
375
Abstract: The benthic mollusca community structure at eleven sampling sites in Huaihe River was investigated in
March, June, September and December 2011. A total of 26 species from 9 families were recorded. Thereinto, only 3
species occurred in the first upriver site: Tongbaijinzhuang, and 15 species occurred in the downriver site: Xinchengkou.
There were remarkable correlations between water depth and the number of species (r = 0.617, P = 0.043, n = 11), and
water depth and density (r = 0.654, P = 0.029, n = 11). Consequently, the number of species showed a certain increasing trend from upriver to downriver sites. The results of One-way ANOVA showed that there were insignificant seasonal
variations in three biocenotic indices (Shannon-Wiener diversity index [F(3, 40) = 0.225, P = 0.879], Margalef index
[F(3, 40) = 0.902, P = 0.449], and Pielou evenness index [F(3, 40)= 0.841, P = 0.479]) and biomass [F(3, 40) = 1.931, P = 0.14],
but not in density [F(3, 40) = 5.45, P = 0.003]. The mean maximal density [(90.13 36.31) ind./m2] occurred in June while
the minimum [(14.42 2.78) ind./m2] appeared in December. Different with the former, the mean maximal biomass
[(155.08 50.43) g/m2] occurred in September while the minimum [(39.15 14.08) g/m2] appeared in March. The results of One-way ANOSIM showed that there was no remarkable seasonal change in mollusca community structure at
density and biomass composition (both P > 0.05). The average dissimilarity of density between months ranged from
53.87% to 59.12%, while from 58.76% to 68.58% in biomass. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) showed that river width,
water depth and the type of substrate were the main environmental variables deciding the spatial distributions and species richness in Huaihe River.
Key words: Huaihe River; Benthic Mollusca; Community Structure; ANOSIM; RDA