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Coordinates:

19h00m00s,500000

Telescopium
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Forthesnail,seeTelescopiumtelescopium.
Telescopiumisaminorconstellationinthesouthern
celestialhemisphere,oneoftwelvecreatedinthe18th
centurybyFrenchastronomerNicolasLouisdeLacaille
andoneofseveraldepictingscientificinstruments.Its
nameisaLatinizedformoftheGreekwordfor
telescope.Telescopiumwaslatermuchreducedinsize
byFrancisBailyandBenjaminGould.
ThebrighteststarintheconstellationisAlpha
Telescopii,abluewhitesubgiantwithanapparent
magnitudeof3.5,followedbytheorangegiantstarZeta
Telescopiiatmagnitude4.1.EtaandPZTelescopiiare
twoyoungstarsystemswithdebrisdisksandbrown
dwarfcompanions.Telescopiumhoststwounusualstars
withverylittlehydrogenthatarelikelytobetheresultof
twomergedwhitedwarfs:HD168476,alsoknownasPV
Telescopii,isahotblueextremeheliumstar,whileRS
TelescopiiisanRCoronaeBorealisvariable.RR
Telescopiiisacataclysmicvariablethatbrightenedasa
novatomagnitude6in1948.

Contents
1History
2Characteristics
3Notablefeatures
3.1Stars
3.2Deepskyobjects
4Seealso
5Notes
6References

History
Telescopiumwasintroducedin175152byNicolas
LouisdeLacaillewiththeFrenchnameleTelescope,[1]
depictinganaerialtelescope,[2]afterhehadobservedand
catalogued10,000southernstarsduringatwoyearstay
attheCapeofGoodHope.Hedevised14new
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopium

Telescopium
Constellation

ListofstarsinTelescopium
Abbreviation

Tel

Genitive

Telescopii

Pronunciation

/tlskpim/,
genitive/tlskpi.a/

Symbolism

theTelescope

Rightascension

19

Declination

50

Family

LaCaille

Quadrant

SQ4

Area

252sq.deg.(57th)

Mainstars

Bayer/Flamsteed
stars

13

Starswithplanets

Starsbrighterthan

3.00m
Starswithin10.00pc
(32.62ly)

Brighteststar

Tel(3.49m)
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constellationsinunchartedregionsoftheSouthern
CelestialHemispherenotvisiblefromEurope.Allbut
onehonoredinstrumentsthatsymbolisedtheAgeof
Enlightenment.[3]Covering40degreesofthenight
sky,[2]the
telescope
stretchedout
northwards
between
Sagittarius
and
Scorpius.[4]
Lacaillehad
Latinisedits
nameto
Seeninthe1824starchartsetUrania's
Telescopium
Mirror(inthelowerright)
by1763.[1]

Neareststar

Gliese754
(19.35ly,5.93pc)

Messierobjects

none

Bordering
constellations

Ara
CoronaAustralis
Indus
Microscopium
(corner)
Pavo
Sagittarius

Visibleatlatitudesbetween+40and90.
Bestvisibleat21:00(9p.m.)duringthemonthof

August.

Theconstellationwasknownbyothernames.ItwascalledTubusAstronomicusintheeighteenthcentury,
duringwhichtimethreeconstellationsdepictingtelescopeswererecognisedTubusHerscheliiMajor
betweenGeminiandAurigaandTubusHerscheliiMinorbetweenTaurusandOrion,bothofwhichhad
fallenoutofusebythenineteenthcentury.[5]JohannBodecalledittheAstronomischeFernrohrinhis1805
Gestirneandkeptitssize,butlaterastronomersFrancisBailyandBenjaminGouldsubsequentlyshrankits
boundaries.[6]Themuchreducedconstellationlostseveralbrighterstarstoneighbouringconstellations:
BetaTelescopiibecameEtaSagittarii,whichithadbeenbeforeLacailleplaceditinTelescopium,[7]
GammawasplacedinScorpiusandrenamedGScorpiibyGould,[7]ThetaTelescopiirevertedtoitsold
appellationofdOphiuchi,[7]andSigmaTelescopiiwasplacedinCoronaAustralis.Initiallyuncatalogued,
thelatterisnowknownasHR6875.[7]TheoriginalobjectLacaillehadnamedEtaTelescopiitheopen
clusterMessier7wasinwhatisnowScorpius,andGouldusedtheBayerdesignationforamagnitude5
star,whichhefeltwarrantedaletter.[7]

Characteristics
Asmallconstellation,TelescopiumisborderedbySagittariusandCoronaAustralistothenorth,Aratothe
west,Pavotothesouth,andIndustotheeast,corneringonMicroscopiumtothenortheast.Thethreeletter
abbreviationfortheconstellation,asadoptedbytheInternationalAstronomicalUnionin1922,is'Tel'.[8]
Theofficialconstellationboundaries,assetbyEugneDelportein1930,aredefinedbyaquadrilateral
(illustratedininfobox).Intheequatorialcoordinatesystem,therightascensioncoordinatesoftheseborders
liebetween18h09.1mand20h29.5m,whilethedeclinationcoordinatesarebetween45.09and
56.98.[9]Thewholeconstellationisvisibletoobserverssouthoflatitude33N.[10][a]

Notablefeatures
Stars
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Seealso:ListofstarsinTelescopium
Withintheconstellation'sborders,thereare57starsbrighterthanorequaltoapparentmagnitude6.5.[b][10]
Withamagnitudeof3.5,AlphaTelescopiiisthebrighteststarintheconstellation.Itisabluewhite
subgiantofspectraltypeB3IVwhichliesaround250lightyearsaway.[12]Itisradiatingnearly800times
theSun'sluminosity,andisestimatedtobe5.20.4timesasmassiveandhave3.30.5timestheSun's
radius.[13]ClosebyAlphaTelescopiiarethetwobluewhitestarssharingthedesignationofDelta
Telescopii.DeltaTelescopiiisofspectraltypeB6IVandapparentmagnitude4.9,[14]whileDelta
TelescopiiisofspectraltypeB3IIIandmagnitude5.1.[15]Theyformanopticaldouble,[16]asthestarsare
estimatedtobearound710and1190lightyearsawayrespectively.[17]Thefaint(magnitude12.23)Gliese
754,areddwarfofspectraltypeM4.5V,isoneofthenearest100starstoEarthat19.3lightyears
distant.[18]ItseccentricorbitaroundtheGalaxyindicatesthatitmayhaveoriginatedintheMilkyWay's
thickdisk.[19]
AtleastfourofthefifteenstarsvisibletotheunaidedeyeareorangegiantsofspectralclassK.[20]The
secondbrighteststarintheconstellationatapparentmagnitude4.1isZetaTelescopii,anorange
subgiantofspectraltypeK1IIIIV.[21]Around1.53timesasmassiveastheSun,itshineswith512timesits
luminosity.[22]Located127lightyearsawayfromEarth,ithasbeendescribedasyellow[16]orreddishin
appearance.[23]EpsilonTelescopiiisabinarystarsystem:[24]thebrightercomponent,EpsilonTelescopiiA,
isanorangegiantofspectraltypeK0IIIwithanapparentmagnitudeof+4.52,[25]whilethe13thmagnitude
companion,EpsilonTelescopiiB,is21arcsecondsawayfromtheprimary,andjustvisiblewitha15cm
aperturetelescopeonadarknight.[24]Thesystemis417lightyearsaway.[26]IotaTelescopiiandHD
169405magnitude5orangegiantsofspectraltypesK0IIIandK0.5IIIrespectively[27][28]makeupthe
quartet.[20]Theyarearound370and497lightyearsawayfromtheSunrespectively.[26]Anotherageing
star,KappaTelescopiiisayellowgiantwithaspectraltypeG9IIIandapparentmagnitudeof5.18.[29]
Around1.87billionyearsold,thisstarofaround1.6solarmasseshasswollento11timestheSun's
diameter.[30]Itisapproximately293lightyearsfromEarth,andisanotheropticaldouble.[24]
XiTelescopiiisanirregularvariablestarthatrangesbetweenmagnitudes4.89and4.94.[31]Located1079
lightyearsdistant,itisaredgiantofspectraltypeM2IIIthathasadiameteraround5.6timestheSun's,[32]
andaluminosityaround2973timesthatoftheSun.[26]Anotherirregularvariable,RXTelescopiiisared
supergiantthatvariesbetweenmagnitudes6.45and7.47,[33]justvisibletotheunaidedeyeundergood
viewingconditions.BLTelescopiiisanAlgollikeeclipsingbinarysystemthatvariesbetweenapparent
magnitudes7.09and9.08overaperiodofjustover778days(2years48days).[34]Theprimaryisayellow
supergiantthatisitselfintrinsicallyvariable.[35]Dippingfromitsbaselinemagnitudeof9.6to16.5,[36]RS
TelescopiiisarareRCoronaeBorealisvariableanextremelyhydrogendeficientsupergiantthoughtto
havearisenastheresultofthemergeroftwowhitedwarfsfewerthan100havebeendiscoveredasof
2012.[37]Thedimmingisthoughttobecausedbycarbondustexpelledbythestar.Asof2012,four
dimmingshavebeenobserved.[37]PVTelescopiiisaclassBtype(blue)extremeheliumstarthatisthe
prototypeofaclassofvariablesknownasPVTelescopiivariables.Firstdiscoveredin1952,itwasfoundto
haveaverylowlevelofhydrogen.Onetheoryofitsoriginisthatitistheresultofamergerbetweena

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heliumandacarbonoxygenwhitedwarf.IfthecombinedmassdoesnotexceedtheChandrasekharlimit,
theformerwillaccreteontothelatterstarandignitetoformasupergiant.Laterthiswillbecomeanextreme
heliumstarbeforecoolingtobecomeawhitedwarf.[38]
WhileRRTelescopii,alsodesignatedNovaTelescopii1948,isoftencalledaslownova,itisnowclassified
asasymbioticnovasystemcomposedofanM5IIIpulsatingredgiantandawhitedwarfbetween1944and
1948itbrightenedbyabout7magnitudesbeforebeingnoticedatapparentmagnitude6.0inmid1948.[39]It
hassincefadedslowlytoaboutapparentmagnitude12.[40]QSTelescopiiisabinarysystemcomposedofa
whitedwarfandmainsequencedonorstar,inthiscasethetwoarecloseenoughtobetidallylocked,facing
oneanother.Knownaspolars,materialfromthedonorstardoesnotformanaccretiondiskaroundthe
whitedwarf,butratherstreamsdirectlyontoit.[41]Thisisduetothepresenceofthewhitedwarf'sstrong
magneticfield.[42]
AlthoughnostarsystemsinTelescopiumhaveconfirmedplanets,
severalhavebeenfoundtohavebrowndwarfcompanions.A
memberofthe12millionyearoldBetaPictorismovinggroupof
starsthatshareacommonpropermotionthroughspace,[43]Eta
Telescopiiisayoungwhitemainsequencestarofmagnitude5.0
andspectraltypeA0V.[44]Ithasadebrisdiskandbrowndwarf
companionofspectraltypeM7VorM8Vthatisbetween20and50
timesasmassiveasJupiter.[43]Thesystemiscomplex,asithasa
commonpropermotionwith(andisgravitationallyboundto)the
starHD181327,whichhasitsowndebrisdisk.[45]Thislatterstaris
ayellowwhitemainsequencestarofspectraltypeF6Vof
magnitude7.0.[46]PZTelescopiiisanotheryoungstarwithadebris
TheglobularclusterNGC6584,as
diskandsubstellarbrowndwarfcompanion,thoughat24million
observedwiththeHubbleSpace
yearsofageappearstoooldtobepartoftheBetaPictorismoving
Telescope
group.[47]HD191760isayellowsubgiantastarthatiscooling
andexpandingoffthemainsequenceofspectraltypeG3IV/V.
Estimatedtobejustoverfourbillionyearsold,itisslightly(1.1to1.3times)moremassiveastheSun,
2.69timesasluminous,andhasaround1.62timesitsradius.UsingtheHighAccuracyRadialVelocity
PlanetSearcher(HARPS)instrumentontheESO3.6mTelescope,itwasfoundtohaveabrowndwarf
around38timesasmassiveasJupiterorbitingatanaveragedistanceof1.35AUwithaperiodof505days.
Thisisanunusuallyclosedistancefromthestar,withinarangethathasbeentermedthebrowndwarf
desert.[48]

Deepskyobjects
TheglobularclusterNGC6584liesnearThetaAraeandis45,000lightyearsdistantfromEarth.[23]Itisan
OosterhofftypeIcluster,andcontainsatleast69variablestars,mostofwhichareRRLyraevariables.[49]
TheplanetarynebulaIC4699isof13thmagnitudeandliesmidwaybetweenAlphaandEpsilon
Telescopii.[23]

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IC4889isanellipticalgalaxyofapparentmagnitude11.3,whichcanbefound2degreesnorthnorthwest
of5.3magnitudeNuTelescopii.Observingitthrougha40cmtelescopewillrevealitscentralregionand
halo.[50]TheTelescopiumgroupisgroupoftwelvegalaxiesspanningthreedegreesinthenortheasternpart
oftheconstellation,lyingaround37megaparsecs(120millionlightyears)fromourowngalaxy.[23]The
brightestmemberistheellipticalgalaxyNGC6868,[51]andtothewestliesthespiralgalaxy(or,perhaps,
lenticulargalaxy)NGC6861.[23]Thesearethebrightestmembersoftworespectivesubgroupswithinthe
galaxygroup,andareheadingtowardamergerinthefuture.[51]
Occupyinganareaofaround4'2',NGC6845isaninteracting
systemoffourgalaxiestwospiralandtwolenticulargalaxies
thatisestimatedtobearound88megaparsecs(287millionlight
years)distant.[52]SN2008dawasatypeIIsupernovaobservedin
oneofthespiralgalaxies,NGC6845A,inJune2008.[53]SN
1998bwwasaluminoussupernovaobservedinthespiralarmofthe
galaxyESO184G82inApril1998,andisnotableinthatitishighly
likelytothesourceofthegammarayburstGRB980425.[c][54]

Seealso
TelescopiumHerschelii

TheinteractinggalaxysystemNGC
6845,asobservedwithGALEX

Notes
a. Whilepartsoftheconstellationtechnicallyriseabovethehorizontoobserversbetween33Nand44N,stars
withinafewdegreesofthehorizonaretoallintentsandpurposesunobservable.[10]
b. Objectsofmagnitude6.5areamongthefaintestvisibletotheunaidedeyeinsuburbanruraltransitionnight
skies.[11]
c. chancesofsignalsbeingunrelatedisaround1in10,000.[54]

References
Citations
1.
2.
3.
4.
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9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

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Wagman2003,p.299.
Wagman2003,pp.67.
Ridpath,StarTalesTelescopium.
Ellis1997.
Allen1963,p.414.
Wagman2003,p.300.
Russell1922,p.469.
IAU,TheConstellations,Telescopium.
Ridpath,Constellations:LacertaVulpecula.
TheBortleDarkSkyScale.
Kaler,AlphaTelescopii.
Hubrig2009.
SIMBADHR6934.
SIMBADHR6938.

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