DO YOU KNOW

WHO IS THESE PEOPLE ?

1.)

2.)

3.)

4.)

5.)

WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN ALL THESE PEOPLE ? ?

National Awakening Day is an Indonesian observance annually held on

May 20. It is not observed as a public holiday.

The Ethical Period's emphasis on education did not deliver widespread

educational opportunities, however, it did provide a Dutch education for the
children of the indigenous Indonesian elite. Largely intended to provide
clerical labour for the growing colonial bureaucracy, the Western education
brought with it Western political ideas of freedom and democracy. During the
1920s and 30s, this small elite began to articulate a rising anti-colonialism
and a national consciousness.
During this period the first Indonesian political parties began to
emerge; the youth group, Budi Utomo was established in 1908, and the
Indische Partij in 1912. The establishment of Budi Utomo is considered the
beginning of the Indonesian National Awakening which led to the country's
independence. The Day of National Awakening in Indonesia has been
celebrated since 1908. Although not a public holiday, it still is a very
important commemoration for all Indonesians.
In the same year, Sarekat Islam was founded; inspired more
by Islamic and Javanese mysticism than notions of independence and selfrule. It brought Indonesians together, using the banner of Islam in opposition
to Dutch rule, however, it had not nationalist agenda, and was often more
anti-Chinese than anti-Dutch. In contrast, the Communist Party of
Indonesia (PKI), formed in 1920, was a fully-fledged independence party
inspired by European politics. In 1926, it attempted a revolution throughout
Indonesia through isolated insurrections across Java that panicked the Dutch,
who arrested and exiled thousands of communists, effectively neutralising
the PKI for the remainder of the Dutch occupation.
Muhammadiyah was established by KH Ahmad Dahlan in Yogyakarta,
and Dwijo Sewoyo and some associates formed the Peasant's Insurance
Cooperative in Magelang. On 20 July 1913, Suwardi Suryaningrat, who had
connections with the Bumi Putera Committee wrote Als ik eens Nederlander
was (What if I were a Dutchman?) a striking protest against the plans of the
Dutch Colonial Government to celebrate 100 years of Dutch Independence.
As a result of this article, Dr Tjipto Mangunkusumo and Suwardi Suryoningrat
were tried and sentenced to exile in the Banda Islands. However, they were
given the alternative choice of transportation to the Netherlands. In the
Netherlands, Suwardi pursued studies in field of Education, while Dr Tjipto
fell ill and returned home to Indonesia.
In 1918 a proto-parliament, the Volksraad, met for the first time, after
being established two years before. It consisted of 39 members, where 15

were native Indonesians. During this year, the Dutch government agreed
that at some, unspecified point in the future, Indonesians would be granted
self-rule, but in subsequent years did nothing to follow up this aim.
In circa 1920 the word "Indonesia" came into its modern usage.
Created by an English naturalist to classify the ethnic and geographic area,
"Indonesia" was seized upon by nationalists as a word to imagine a unity of
peoples. "Previously the Youth Alliances had talked about a separate Balinese
nation, Javanese nation, Sumatran nation, and so on, now 'Indonesia' spoke
of a single people."
In
1927, Sukarno founded
the Indonesian
National
Party (PNI)
in Bandung. It was the first all-Indonesia secular party devoted primarily to
independence. On 28 October 1928, the All Indonesian Youth Congress
proclaimed the Youth Pledge (Indonesian: Sumpah Pemuda), establishing the
nationalist goals of: "one country Indonesia, one people Indonesian, and
one language - Indonesian."

LAST :

WHAT IS NATIONAL AWAKENING DAY

MEANS TO YOU ??

ANSWER :
1.) IR. SOEKARNO
2.) DR. CIPTO MANGUNKUSUMO
3.) DOUWES DEKKER
4.) KI HAJAR DEWANTARA
5.) DR. SUTOMO/BUNG TOMO

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALL THESE

PEOPLE IS THEY ARE THE PIONEER OF
THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL AWAKENING
DAY