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William Harvey stated that the blood throughout the body circulates in
a definite path and is not surging back and forth
-Bodys transport system
Marcello Malpighi discovered capillaries
-father of cardiovascular medicine
Open Circulatory System is observes among invertebrates while
Close Circulatory System is observed among vertebrate and few
invertebrates.
3 types of blood vessels
Arteries (red)
Vein (blue)
Capillaries
Heart weighs less than a pound
-has four chambers
-enclosed in a tough connective tissue sac
-with periodical cavity filled with fluids
-its wall is made up of cardiac muscle
Parts of the heart
Aorta carries oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle to the
body
Superior Vena Cava bring poor oxygen blood from the upper
body to right atrium
Right Pulmonary Veins bring poor oxygen blood from the right
lung to the left atrium
Right Atrium accepts oxygen poor blood to the lungs
Right Ventricle pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs
Inferior Vena Cava brings oxygen poor blood from the lower
body to the right atrium
Left Atrium accepts oxygen rich blood from the lungs
Left Pulmonary Veins bring oxygen vein blood from the left
lung to the left atrium
Left Ventricle pumps oxygen rich blood to the body
Septum muscular wall that separatesmthe two sides of the heart
Tricuspid Valve allows blood to go from top to bottom of the
heart but closes to prevent the blood from going back to the right
atrium when the right ventricle squeezes
Aortic valve prevents the blood from going back to the ventricle
Pulmonary Arteries carry oxygen poor blood to the lungs
Mitral Vavle prevents the blood from being pushed from the left
ventricle back to the left atrium
Blood Pressure force the heart exerts against the walls of arteries as it
pumps the blood out of the body
Diastic Pressure bottom number/ relaxes between beats
Systolic Pressure top number/ pressure as the heartbeats and forces
Bipinnately Compound
Phyllotaxy
Alternate one leaf at a node
Opposite two leaves at a node on opposite sides
Whorled three or more leaves around a node
Venation arrangement of veins
Parallel Venation monocot
Netted Venatin dicot
Photosynthesis
Water + carbon dioxide glucose + oxygen
Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle)
Carbon fixation
ATP
NADPH
Carbon Reduction
RuBP formation
Light Reaction
Light Absorption
Electric Transport Chain
Oxygen Reduction
ATP formation
Cellular Respiration general concept that everymanimal and human being
needs to breathe in
oxygen during respiration. An important process for
survival of living organisms.
Oxygen + Glucose Carbon dioxide +Water
Two types of Cellular Respiration
Aerobic respiration
Delivered to cells in bloodstream
Makes use of oxygen gas to break glucose in order to produce ATP
respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Can yield ATP molecules without oxygen
Respiratory chain
32 ATP
Fertilization process in sexual reproduction in which male and feamale
reproductive calle (gametes) unite to form zygote
Chromosome threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains
genetic information
Chromatid single strand of chromosome
Telomere protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or
from fusion with neighboring chromosomes
Centromere part of the chromosome that links sister chromatid
Haploid single set of genes (gametes)
Diploid two sets of genes (somatic)
Genetics branch of science that deals with the study of heredity and
variation
Gregor Mendel
Law of Mendelian