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RESEARCH PAPER
Abstract
To compare changes of biochemical indices between spring (Kavir) and winter (Azar2) cultivars of wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) under low temperature, 14 days old wheat seedlings were exposed to cold. The seedlings
were transferred into growth chamber for 9 days at 5/3 C (day/night) as cold treatment, or at 20/18 C as
control. Proline content, total protein accumulation, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and
peroxidase (POD) enzymes, were assayed in the leaf extracts of control and cold treated plants. The results
showed that cold led to an accumulation of proline and an increase in protein level, especially in winter cultivar.
Rapid increases in proline and protein accumulations were observed during early stages of cold stress. SOD
activity displayed no significant differences between the two cultivars during the first 3 days after cold stress,
while in Azar 2, the level of SOD activity was gradually increased after 3 days of cold stress. The POD and CAT
activity were higher in plants grown at cold stress than in the controls; however, their rate was different in winter
and spring wheat cultivars. In general, Azar2 showed relatively higher POD and CAT activity compared to Kavir.
Regarding antioxidant enzymes activities, cultivars respond differently under cold stress.
* Corresponding
cultivars.
al., 2006).
acid
concentration
derived
mainly
from
the
Proline measurement
sulphosalicylic
absorbance
acid.
was
After
measured
filtration,
at
520
ninhydrin
nm.
The
Protein content
Enzyme assay
conditions,
stress.
including
low
temperature
(EC
1.11.1.6)
activity
was
assayed
wise
comparisons.
Statistical
analyses
were
fraction.
Statistical analysis
Azar2
stress
Azar2
control
Kavir
stress
Kavir
control
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
Fig. 1. Effect of low temperature on proline content (A) in two cultivars of wheat (Azar2; Kavir). Rate of proline
(B) accumulation at low temperatures.
The present results show that a fast induction of
proline
low
hydrophobic
spring
been
is
an
cultivar.
advantage
because
Numerous
papers
under
have
moiety
thus
converting
them
to
Azar2 leaves was 6.63 (mg g-1 fr. wt) compared to 4.66
type of polypeptides.
Fig. 2. Effect of low temperature on protein content (A) in two cultivars of wheat (Azar2; Kavir). Rate of protein
(B) accumulation at low temperatures.
Tolerance to low temperature stress in crop plants has
condition.
Fig. 3. SOD activity of Azar2 (A) and Kavir (B) during low temperature and control conditions.
20/18C,
Azar2 stress
Azar2 control
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
Kavir stress
3.5
Kavir control
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
Fig. 4. CAT activity of Azar2 (A) and Kavir (B) during low temperature and control conditions.
2010).
POD
(perioxidase)
catalyze
products
temperature,
decomposition
inactivation.
polyphenolic
are
enzymes
compounds
into
that
other
depends
of
upon
H 2O 2,
its
especially
responses
under
of
CAT
Proline
Protein
SOD
CAT
POD
(unit mg protein-1)
(unit mg protein-1)
(unit mg protein-1)
Control
Control
Control
Treated
Control
Treated
Control
Treated
Treated
Treated
Azar2
0.860.09 3.570.39 1.830.06 5.770.26 2.580.27 10.270.61 2.420.18 2.650.13 1.070.14 5.180.27
Kavir
1.890.1 2.220.28
Azar2 stress
POD activity (unit mg protein-1)
Azar2 control
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
Fig. 5. POD activity of Azar2 (A) and Kavir (B) during low temperature and control conditions.
287.
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