Experiment No.

The objective of this practice is to carry out a closed loop control by an

on/off controller by the closing and opening of the A VS-I, AVS-2, AVS-3
solenoid valves and the activation of pump 2 using proportional
controller.

Apparatus:

UCP-L
Control and Acquisition Software
Water

Diagram:

Procedure:

Connect the interface of the equipment and the control software

Select the control on/off option
Make a double click on the on/off control, select the flow wanted. there are
a certain flow, a tolerance and a performance time set by default. It allows
the students to play with these parameters and see the influences of each
one
The level control can be carried out by the activation of a single actuator,
or of several ones, to which different tolerances are allowed. These
controllers work as security system measures when the controlled variable
exceeds in a tolerance the set value. To activate or to disable any of these
controllers you may have to double click on each of them and press the
button "PAUSE"

Calculate the inertia of the system for an on/off response and determine
the limit time for an exact control

Chart Title
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tIME

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68.55

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0

This is the
graph when we set gain 1

Chart Title
180
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100
Axis Title

80
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20
0

But when
we increase the gain to 3.5, we get following relation

Further increasing the gain upto 5 gives us following behaviour

PROPORTIONAL CONTROLLER GRAPH

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SC-1

80
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0

Proportional controller
In controlled systems with proportional action, the controlled variable x changes
proportional to the manipulated variable y. The controlled variable follows the
manipulated variable without any lag. Since any energy transfer requires a finite
amount of time, P control action
without any lag does not occur in practice. When the time lag between
manipulated and controlled variable is so small, however, that it does not have
any effect on the system, this behavior is called proportional control action of a
system or a P controlled system.

Flow control
If the valve travel changes in the pressure control system illustrated in the
following figure, a new flow rate q is reached (almost) instantaneously.
Depending on the valve flow coefficient, the controlled variable changes
proportional to the manipulated variable; the system has proportional control
action.
In the following figure, it shows the block diagram symbol for proportional action
and the dynamic behavior of a P controlled system after a step change in the
input variable. The characteristic curves clearly show that a proportional
controlled system is a system with self-regulation, since a new equilibrium is
reached immediately after the step change.

Comments