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Assignment # 1
First Name: _________________
Section: _________________
Date Assigned:
Date Due:
Q2 (25)
Q3 (25)
Q4 (25)
Total (100)
Question #1
Consider a cubic workpiece of rigid perfect plastic material with side length . The cube is
deformed plastically to the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped of dimensions , , . Show that
the volume constancy requires that the following expression be satisfied: + + = 0.
Hint: , , are true strains.
Solution #1:
:
:
:
= ln
+ ln
+ ln
= ln
" = ln
" = ln[1] = 0
Question #2
A strip of metal is originally 1.5 m long. It is stretched in three steps: first to a length of 1.75 ,
then to 2.0 , and finally to 3.0 . Show that the total true strain is the sum of the true strains in
each step, that is, that the strains are additive. Show that, using engineering strains, the strain for
each step cannot be added to obtain the total strain.
Solution #2:
The true strain is given by
= ln +, ., therefore:
-
= ln /
1.75
0 = 0.1541
1.5
= ln /
2.0
0 = 0.1335
1.75
3.0
= ln / 0 = 0.4055
2.0
Therefore the true strains are additive. Using the same approach for engineering strain, we obtain
=
=
1.75 1.5
= 0.1667
1.5
2 1.75
= 0.1429
1.75
=
32
= 0.5
2
3 1.5
=1
1.5
Note that this is not equal to the sum of the engineering strains for the individual steps.
Question #3
A metal has a strain hardening exponent of 0.22. At a true strain of 0.2, the true stress is
20,000 678. (a) Determine the stress-strain relationship for this material. (b) Determine the true
and engineering ultimate tensile strength for this material.
Solution #3:
9=:
= 0.22
: = 28500 678
678
To determine the ultimate tensile strength for the material, realize that the strain at necking is equal
to the strain hardening exponent, or = . Therefore,
?@ABCDE
9D,BFGHI = :
= 28500=0.22>
= 20400 678
= 0.22 J;EKL = J
M .
?@AE;O
9D,BIPQ =
S-
M .
T U SS-
= 16370J
= 16370
Question #4
Calculate the work done in frictionless compression of a solid cylinder 40 mm high and 15 mm in
diameter to a reduction in height of 75% (it means the final length will be one quarter of the initial
length) for the following materials: (1) 1100-O aluminum, (2) annealed copper, (3) annealed 304
stainless steel, and (4) 70-30 brass, annealed. The material properties for these materials are as
follows:
Hint: as the strain in compression is negative, use its absolute value for calculation of work to
prevent complex numbers.
Solution #4:
Since the reduction in height is 75%, the final height is 10 mm and the value of the true strain is
= ln / 0 = ln /
10
0 = 1.386
40
The values are then calculated from as follows, e.g. for 1100-O aluminum, where : is 180 VN
and is 0.20, is calculated as:
=
;W
+1
180 =1.386>
1.2
= 222 VX/
The work done is the product of the specific work, , and the volume,
can be tabulated as follows.