PT.

PERUSAHAAN
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CALCULATION FOR PIPELINE FREE SPAN

Document No.

Rev.

Date

MJPN-PGAS-3514-PL-CA-001

01/06/2015

Page 1 of 11

PELAKSANAAN KERJASAMA
PENINGKATAN KEHANDALAN JARINGAN UNTUK PENYALURAN GAS
WILAYAH PASURUAN DAN MOJOKERTO

Contract No.
055600.PK/HK.02/PMO/2014

Re-Issued For Review

Issued For Review

RE
V

DESCRIPTION

01/06/201
5
04/05/201
5

DATE

IRW

AB

AGK

IRW

AB

AGK

PREPARE
D

CHECKED

APPROVE
D

CONTRACTOR

REVISION HISTORICAL SHEET

EMPLOYER
S
PERSONNE
L

EMPLOYE
R

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PT. PGAS Solution

CALCULATION FOR PIPELINE FREE SPAN

Document No.
MJPN-PGAS-3514-PL-CA-001

Rev.
B

Date
01/06/2015

Rev.

Date

Description

04/05/2015

Issued for Review

01/06/2015

Re-Issued for Review

TABLE OF CONTENS

Page 2 of 11

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Document No.
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Date
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Page 3 of 11

1.

INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 4

2.

OBJECTIVE........................................................................................................................... 4

3.

REFERENCES....................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Code and Standard.........................................................................................................4
3.2 Project Document...........................................................................................................4
3.3 Other Document..............................................................................................................4

4.

DEFINITIONS........................................................................................................................ 5

5.

DESIGN BASIS...................................................................................................................... 6

6.

MOMENT AND DEFLECTION..............................................................................................7

7.

SPAN ANALYSIS................................................................................................................... 7
7.1 Maximum Span Distance Based on the Maximum Stress............................................7
7.2 Maximum Span Distance Based on the Maximum Deflection......................................8
7.3 Soil Properties................................................................................................................8
7.4 Static Loads Applied......................................................................................................9

8.

RESULT OF SPAN ANALYSIS.............................................................................................10

9.

CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................... 11

10. ATTACHMENT..................................................................................................................... 11

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CALCULATION FOR PIPELINE FREE SPAN

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1. INTRODUCTION
PT Perusahaan Gas Negara (Persero) Tbk., intends to execute the PELAKSANAAN
KERJASAMA PENINGKATAN KEHANDALAN JARINGAN UNTUK PENYALURAN GAS
WILAYAH PASURUAN MOJOKERTO PROJECT which is located at Japanan, Java Island.
2. OBJECTIVE
The objective of this document is to define maximum allowable free span to be employed at
the PROJECT considering construction, operating and hydrostatic condition. The
calculations were performed based on maximum stress and deflection because of static
load.
3. REFERENCES
3.1 Code and Standard
Maximum free span length calculation shall comply with the following Codes and
Standard:
ASME B31.3
ASME B31.8
API 5L
SNI 3474

Process Piping
Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System
Specification for Line Pipe
Sistem Penyaluran dan Distribusi Pipa Gas

3.2 Project Document

MJPN-PGAS-3514-PL-DS-002
MJPN-PGAS-3514-PS-DB-001
MJPN-PGAS-3514-PS-DB-001

Data Sheet for Line Pipe

Design Basis Manual for Proses
Prosedur Penyelidikan Tanah (Pipeline and Station) /
Soil Investigation

3.3 Other Document

Below are the other reference used in this calculation :
Sam Kannappan PE
Victor Helguero

Introduction to Pipe Stress Analysis

Piping Stress Handbook

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4. DEFINITIONS
The following words shall have the meaning indicated when used herein:
PROJECT
EMPLOYERS PERSONNEL
EMPLOYER

PURCHASER
CONTRACTOR
MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER/
VENDOR

Pelaksanaan Kerjasama Peningkatan Kehandalan

Jaringan Untuk Penyaluran Gas Wilayah
Pasuruan Dan Mojokerto
PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara (Persero), Tbk. (PGN)
PT. Connusa
means PT. PGAS SOLUTION (PGASSOL)/ Contractor.
PT. PGAS Solution
Means any person(s) named in the Contract as Manufacturer/
Supplier/

Vendor,

or

any

person(s)

appointed

as

Manufacturer/ Supplier/ Vendor, for a part of the Works; and

SHALL
SHOULD

legal successors in the title to each these persons

Indicates a mandatory requirement
Indicates strong recommendation to comply
requirement

with

the

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5. DESIGN BASIS
Specification of the main pipeline in which the free span has to be calculated and verified is
as follows.
Table 5.1. Specification of Main Pipeline
PARAMETER

SPECIFICATION

Line Pipe Material Grade

API 5L Grade X46 PSL 2

Nom. Diameter

12 inch

Wall thickness

0.5 inch

Distance

Approximately 2 km

Corrosion Allowance

0.0625 inch

Rating

ANSI 300

Design Pressure

720 Psig

Design Temperature

130 F

Maximal Operating Pressure

536 Psig

Operating Temperature (max)

80 F

Fluid

Natural gas
20 year for un-specified component
of pipeline system.
50 years minimum for civil work
components

Design life

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6. MOMENT AND DEFLECTION

Moment and deflection data for pipe shall be use following table:
Table 6.2. Pipe Moment and Deflection for 12" Pipe
PARAMETER
Moment of Inertia (I)
Section Modulus (Z)
Deflection

UNIT
inch4
inch3
Inch1

Sch XS
56.73
361.64
1.00

The maximum deflection of pipe is assumed to be 1 inch based on Piping Stress

Handbook, Victor Helguero (Page 314, the copies of relevant pages is attached in
Attachment I).
7. SPAN ANALYSIS
Span analysis performed to calculate the maximum allowable span length so that
the stress caused by forces

acting on the

pipe

does not cause failure due to

excessive stress (overstress). The maximum span distance will be calculated based
on the maximum

stress

and

maximum

deflection.

The formulas

are taken from

Sam Kannappan PE., Introduction to Pipe Stress Analysis (the copy of relevant pages is
attached in Attachment II).
The formulation and equation obtained depend upon the end conditions assumed.
By assuming a straight pipe beam, simply supported at both ends, below equation are
obtained. This end condition gives higher stress and sag and therefore results in a
conservative span.
7.1 Maximum Span Distance Based on the Maximum Stress
Maximum span length based on the

maximum stress is obtained by

equation:

L1 =

0,33 x Z x S h
w

Where:
L1 = Allowable Pipe Span based on Maximum Stress, ft.
Z

= Modulus Section of Pipe, in3

using

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Sh = Allowable Tensile Stress for Material at Design Temperature, Psi

W = Total Weight of Pipe, Ib/ft
7.2 Maximum Span Distance Based on the Maximum Deflection
Maximum span length based on the maximum deflection is obtained by using
equation

L2 =

xExI
22,5 x w

Where :

L2 : Allowable Pipe Span based on Maximum Deflection, ft.

: Allowable Deflection, inch
I

: Area Moment of Inertia of Pipe, inch^4

E : Modulus of Elasticity of the pipe material at design temperature, psi

W : Total Weight of Pipe, Ib/ft
The exceptions for calculation are:
1. The piping is in a static state, except for movement induced by temperature
changes. Effects of pulsation, vibration, sway, or earthquake are not taken into
account
2. Concentrated loads similar to valves are not considered.
7.3 Soil Properties
Soil Properties value taken from Prosedur Penyelidikan Tanah (Pipeline and
Station) / Soil Investigation Doc. No MJPN-PGAS-3514-PS-DB-001, this soil properties
shall be changed with result of soil investigation, after the Soil Investigation Report
accepted by EMPLOYERS PERSONNEL and EMPLOYER.
Soil Density

= ( 24,500 kN/m3 ) / ( 9.8 m/s2)

= ( 2,500 kg/m3 )
= 156.07 lbs/ft3

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Backfill Soil Volume = [OD x Depth Cover] + [ 1/2(OD2 A pipe)] x 1 ft (ft3)

= [1.0625 x 6.56] + [ [1.06252 ( 3.14 x (1.0625/2)2))] x 1 ft
= [6.97 ft2 + 0.1215 ft2] x 1 ft
= 7.09 ft3
Backfill Soil Weight

= Backfill Soil Vol. ft3 x Soil Weight (lbs/ ft3)

= 7.09 ft3 x 156.07 (lbs/ft3)
= 1106.53 lbs/ft

7.4 Static Loads Applied

The loads applied for the calculation are the static loads according to the
condition of pipe at empty condition, operating condition and hydrotest condition.
At empty condition the calculation is not considering the weight of content inside
pipe and soil weight above pipe, but in operating and hydrotest, the calculation is
considering the content the weight of content inside pipe and soil weight above pipe.
Sketch of maximum span length for installation, operating and hydro test condition
describe on following picture.
Pipe 12 API 5L Grade X46 PSL 2
OD 12.75

+
L
Installation Condition

Pipe 12 API 5L Grade X46 PSL 2+

Content Weight
soil
OD 12.75

soi
l
+

L
Operation and Hydrostatic test Condition

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8. RESULT OF SPAN ANALYSIS

Parameter of analysis and calculation describe in following table:
Table 8.1. Span Calculation for NPS 12 Inch, Wall Thickness 0.500 Inch (Sch XS)
DESCRIPTION

SYMBOL

UNIT

Nominal pipe size

NPS

Inch

12

12

12

Outside Diameter

OD

Inch

12.75

12.75

12.75

Inside Diameter

ID

Inch

11.734

11.734

11.734

Wall Thickness

Inch

0.688

0.688

0.688

SMYS

Psi

46000

46000

46000

Basic Allowable stress @design Temp.

Sh

Psi

21000

21000

21000

Modulus Elasticity

Psi

2.92E+07

2.92E+07

2.92E+07

steel

Kg/m^3

7,850.00

7,850.00

7,850.00

Coating density

coating

Kg/m^3

941.00

941.00

941.00

Coating thickness

t coating

Mm

Specified Minimum Yield Strength

Pipe density

Modulus section of pipe

CASE 1

1.80

1.80

1.80

56.73

57

57

361.64

362

362

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.90

1,000.00

0.06

62.43

78.70

78.70

24500

24500

2500

2500

Inch

Inch

Deflection

Inch
3

content

Depth of soil cover

Soil density

CASE 3

Area moment of inertia of pipe

Content density

CASE 2

Kg/m
3

lb/ft

Inch
wet

kN/m^3

SOIL

Kg/m^3

Bare pipe weight per feet

Wp

Lb/ft

65.45

65.45

65.45

Pipe coating weight per feet

Wc

Lb/ft

1.16

1.16

1.16

Fluid content per feet

Wf

Lb/ft

0.05

55.32

Soil weight per feet

Ws

Lb/ft

1106.47

1106.47

Total weight (Wp+Wc+Wf+Ws)

Lb/ft

66.61

1173.13

1228.40

Ft

76.82

18.31

17.89

(m)

23.42

5.58

5.45

Ft

51.51

25.14

24.86

(m)

15.69

7.66

7.57

Span Based on stress

Span based on deflection
Note:

(L1)
(L2)

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: Empty Condition, during construction

Pipe weight only
2. CASE 2
: Operational Condition
(Pipe weight + gas content weight + soil above pipe weight).
3. CASE 3
: Hydrostatic Test Condition
(Pipe Weight + Water Content Weight + Soil above Pipe Weight).

9. CONCLUSION
From the result of calculation, the maximum span lengths obtained are:
Table 9.1 Summary of Span Calculation
Unit
PIPE
API 5L Grd X46
PSL2
NPS 12 Inch,
WT= 0.5 inch

CASE 1
(CONSTRUCTION
)

CASE 2
(OPERATING)

CASE 3
(HYDROTEST)

feet

76.82

18.31

17.89

meter

23.42

5.58

5.45

feet

51.51

25.14

24.86

meter

15.69

7.66

7.57

STATIC SPAN

Based On Stress

Based On Deflection

10. ATTACHMENT
Attachment I Piping Stress Handbook, Victor Helguero (page 314).
Attachment II Introduction to Pipe stress Analysis, Sam Kannapan PE (page 34-35)