2

&
H r (T , P)
!

"

#!
$

H%

T P"

"""

"""

#!

H%

"""

"

T P"

"""

P"

"
4

H r (100C, 1 atm) = 50 kJ/mol

' !#

!
&

()

50 kJ
50 kJ
50 kJ
=
=
2 mol A consumed 1 mol B consumed 3 mol C generated

H r (25C, 1 atm) = 125.4 kJ/mol

*

*)+
(
'

*
*

T P
()
*
!
Hproducts Hreactants = 125.4 kJ

H = 150 mol C generated

50 kJ
= 2500 kJ
3 mol C generated

!
,

T0

nA,r
P0

*% H r (T , P)

vA
!
H =

'

(% H r (T , P)

H r (T0 , P0 )
n A,r
vA

-%.
!

P"
T

P"
!
!

/%&

H = H r (T0 , P0 )

H r (T , P)
H r (T ) "
!
"

see textbook p.443 for more details

8

!
)%&

"
#$
%&%' $
(()*"
%*
!

&

$
"

1
!

H r = 890.3 kJ/mol

Hro = 2878 kJ/mol

Hr = 802.3 kJ/mol

H ro

0%&
!

!
!

(/++
$
()

H (kJ/s)

!
*

%
"

3( !
!

() "

Solution: refer to textbook for full solution

10

11

"
#$
%&%' $
(()*"
+*

"
#$
%&%' $
(()*"
)*

&
()
4

H (kJ/s)
!
!

(/++

!
*5"
(6
2

1
//"
+6
2

"

3(

H (kJ/s)

() "
!
!
Solution: refer to textbook for full solution

(/++

3(

() "
Solution: refer to textbook for full solution

12

13

.
!

.
7
1

"

"
&

&

Uproducts Ureactants

Ur (T ) = Hr (T ) RT

vi
gaseous
products

"

T"

Assumptions:
ideal gas
specific V of (l) &
(s) are negligible

vi
gaseous
reactants

Hro

&
!

"

14

15

"

' !
4

Hro1 = 393.51 kJ/mol

+")

3(
*

Treactant ()

3(

'
!

3"
!!

'
!

Hro2 = 282.99 kJ/mol

'

3
3

"&

"
3(

16

()

Since His a state function,

Ho = Ho + (Ho )
r3

r1

!
Hro3

Hro3 = ?

!
3( $ !
%
"

r2

Hro1

()

()

Hro2
17

/ 0
/ 0

"
#$
+&%' $
((3*
&

'
!

Hro1 = 1559.8 kJ/mol

Ho = 393.5 kJ/mol

1
+')'
2'

r2

Hro3 = 285.8 kJ/mol

%
8

+')'
2
Solution: refer to textbook for full solution

18

4
4

!
$" " 3(
&

!
&

"*"

' ! Hfo
7-0)"*/ 6
2

3%
"
!

*
$

19

()

!
%
!

P
Hro = 365.14 kJ/mol

Hfo "

" $$ +* 5
20

$
21

4
"
#$
)&%' $
((6*

4
Hfoi
!
i

vi

9 ;

<
!

Hro =

1!
"

(3$%

vi Hfoi
i

vi Hfoi

products

vi Hfoi
reactants

Solution: refer to textbook for full solution

22

23

,
7

,
&

&

Hco

"
&

"
"
"

'
"
"
"

#
3($%

$%

!
="" 3($%

"
"
"

"
*

()

%
>
(3$
*

"
24

$%
$%
$%

%
(3$
:3($%
?($%
"
25

,
7
' !#

&

,
"
*

. !

7*-00"
56
2
$%
()

Hr (25C, 1 atm) = 1366.9 kJ/mol

$% 3(
!

3(
(3
! 3(

: !$%

"

"
26

27

,
:

,
"
#$
(&%' $
((#*

!
!

Hro =

vi Hcoi

vi H
reactants

=3(

o
ci

(Hco ) H 2 = 285.84 kJ/mol

Hco

A "

"*#

(Hco )C2 H 4 = 1411.0 kJ/mol

products

!
3
$
%
:
3
(
( @>

&

(Hco )C2 H 6 = 1559.9 kJ/mol

vi H

o
ci

Hro = (Hco ) C2 H 6 (Hco )C2 H 4 (Hco ) H 2 = 136.9 kJ/mol

28

29

"
.

& !
!

"

"
*%

&

'

!
! #

(%

"

.
4

"

-%

!
'

"

30

"
.
/%

*
!

!
)%

"
!

!"
0%

31

H 1 =

H i

H = H 1 + H 2 + H 3

brings the
reactants from
inlet conditions
to reference
states at 25C

H
Tin

Tout

nin Hin

H 3 =

"

B%:
!
"

refer to textbook (p.450) for full procedures32

()

()
H 2 =

nout Hout

brings the product

from reference
states at 25C to
outlet conditions

i Hroi

carry out the reaction at 25C

33

"
4

"

*
.

/%

!
! "

"
*%

"

)%
"Note that heat of
H i
reaction terms are not required if the elements are
chosen as reference.

0%:

!
'

(%

"
-%

!
1

"

!
!

refer to textbook (p.451) for full procedures

"
34

35

36

37

H = H1 + H 2
Tin
H 1 =

nin Hin

brings the reactants

from inlet conditions
to constituent
elements at 25C

Tout
H 2 =

()

nout Hout

take the elements

to the products at
outlet conditions