Faculty of Business and Management

Semester May 2015

BBMP1103
Mathematics for Management

NAME

Angel Deborah John

MATRICULATION NO

930113015622001

IDENTITY CARD NO

930113-01-5622

TELEPHONE NO

018-2699772

E-MAIL

angeldeborah@oum.edu.my

NAME OF LECTURER

Encik Abdullah Sallehhuddin Abdullah Salim

LEARNING CENTRE

: Negeri Sembilan

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

Table of Contents
No.
1.
2.

3.

4.
5.

Contents
Table of Contents
Question 1:

Page no.
1

Part A

2-3

Part B
Question 2:

4-6

Part A

7-8

Part B
Question 3:
Reference

9
10
11

Question 1:
1

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

Part A
If A=

3 4
1 2

B=

2 5
6 1

C=

1 3 4
2 1 5 and D =

0 4 1
3 2 5

Find:
i.

A+B

A+B=

A+B=

ii.

3 4
1 2

2 5
6 1

3+2 4+5
1+6 2+1

5 9
7 3

2A

2A = 2

3 4
1 2

3 2 4 2
1 2 2 2

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

2A =
iii.

3C D

3C = 3

3C D=

3C D =

iv.

6 8
2 4

1 3 4
2 1 5

1 3 3 3 4 3
2 3 1 3 5 3

3 9 12
6 3 15

3 9 12
6 3 15

0 4 1
3 2 5

30 94 12(1)
63 32
155
3 5 13
3 1 10

A+C

A+C =

3 4
1 2

1 3 4
2 1 5
3

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

The matrix operation of A+C could not be performed because the both matrices have
different dimensions.

PART B
What are the methods of matrices can be used to solve a system of linear equations?
There are two methods of matrices can be used to solve a system of linear equation.
Method one
By using the Inverse Matrix Method,
A-1 (AX) = A-1B
(A-1A)X = A-1B
IX = A-1B where I is an identity matrix. Then,
X = A-1B, is called method of inverse to solve a system of linear equation.
Example:
Solve

x + 2y = 0
2x y = 5

Solution:
Step 1:

Convert the equation into a matrix equation form, which is

1 2
2 1

x
y

0
5

where, A =

1 2
2 1

X=

x
y

B=

0
5

Step 2:

Determine the inverse of matrix A, i.e. A-1.

4

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

| A|=( a11 ) ( a22 )( a12 ) (a21 )

By using the formula

| A|=( 1 )(1 )( 2 ) ( 2 )=5

A Adjoint A
1
By using the formula
A1 =

1
1 1 2 5
A1=

=
5 2 1 2
5

Step 3:

Use the formula

2
5
1
5

X =A1 B to obtain the solution:

1
x=5
y 2
5

2
5 0
1 5
5

2
1
Hence, solutions for the above simultaneous linear equations are x = 2, y = -1.
Method two
By using the Cramers Rule,
A
A i
X i=

, If |A| = 0, Cramers Rule is no longer applicable.

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

Example:
Solve

x + 2y = 0
2x y = 5

Using the Cramers Rule.

X = B

Solution:
Step 1:

Determine |A| for

1 2
2 1

x
y

0
5

| A|=( 1 )(1 )( 2 ) ( 2 )=5

Step 2:

Find |A1| and |A2|.

Ai is the matrix formed when i th column in matrix A is substituted by matrix B.

A1 =

0 2
5 1

. Therefore,

A2 =

1 0
2 5

. Thus,

Step 3:

| A1|=( 0 ) (1 ) ( 2 )( 5 ) =10

| A2|=( 1 )( 5 ) ( 0 ) ( 2 )=5

Obtain the value of x and y

A
A i
By using the formula
X i=

x=

|A 1|
| A|

10
=2
5

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

y=

| A2|

5
=1
| A| 5
=

Hence, solutions for the above simultaneous linear equations are x = 2, y = -1.

Question 2:
Part A
Solve the equation below:
i.

2 x +2=6

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

2 x =62
2 x =4

x=

4
2

x=2

ii.

x +3 x +2=0
a=1
b=3
c=2
3 (3)24 ( 1 ) (2)
x=
2(1)

3 98
2

3 1 3+ 1
=
2
2

31 3+1
=
2
2

4 2
=
2
2

x=2 x=1

iii.

32 xx =0
2

x 2 x +3=0
a = -1
b = -2
c=3
8

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

(2) (2) 4 (1 ) (3)

2(1)
2

x=

2 4+12
2

2 16 2+ 16
=
2
2

24 2+ 4
=
2
2

2 6
=
2 2

x=1 x=3

iv.

( 3 x ) ( 92 x )= 1

32 2 x =32

(3x)
x+ 2 ( 2 x )=2
x+ 4 x=2

5 x=2
x=

2
5

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

Part B
Sketch graph for a linear function of 2 x + 4 y=12
2 x +4 y=12
4 y=2 x +12

(i)

y=

2
x+3
4

y=

1
x+3
2

The first point: y-intercept

Let x=0, y=

1
( 0 ) +3
2
y=3

Hence, the first point is (0 , 3).

(ii)

The second point: x-intercept

Let y=0,0=

1
x +3
2

1
x=3
2
x=3 2

x=6
Hence, the second point is (6 , 0).
y

3
2

y=

1
x+3
2

10

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Question 3:
Syarikat Maju Jaya produces calculator. They have fixed monthly expenses of RM 1,800
and also have variable expenses of RM 13 for each calculator that they produce. Syarikat
Maju Jaya sells each calculator for RM 20. If q represents the quantity of products sold,
determine:
a)
b)
c)
d)

Revenue function
Cost function
Profit function
Quantity to be sold to obtain break-even point

a) Revenue function
Total Revenue = (Unit Price) x (Total Quantity Sold)
( 20 ) q
20 q
b) Cost function
Total Cost = Fixed Costs + Variable Costs
1800+13 q
c) Profit function
Profit = Total Revenue Total Cost
20 q( 1800+ 13 q )
20 q180013 q

7 q1800
d) Quantity to be sold to obtain break-even point
Break-even point: Total Revenue = Total Cost
20 q=1800+13 q

11

20 q13 q=1800

BBMP1103 Mathematics for Management

7 q=1800

q=

1800
=257.14
7

Hence, 257.14 units have to sell in order to obtain break-even point.

Reference:
Omar, Z., Haji Man, N., Ibrahim, H., Zainon, F., & Saaban, A. (n.d.). Matrix, Linear and
Quadratic Functions and Application of Linear and Quadratic Functions. In Mathematics
for Management (3rd ed., pp. 20-59). Meteor Doc Sdn. Bhd.

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