NASA

TECHNICAL

NASA TN D-6142

NOTE

Z
I--

COPY

VORTEX-LATTICE

FORTRAN

FOR

SUBSONIC

ESTIMATING

CHARACTERISTICS

by Richard

J.

OF

Margason

La_lgley

Research

Hampton,

Va.

PROGRAM
AERODYNAMIC

COMPLEX

and

John

PLANFORMS

E. Lamar

Center
23365

NATIONAL AERONAUTICSAND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C.

FEBRUARY 1971

1. Report

No.

2. Government

NASA
4.

Title

and

Accession

No.

3.

Recipient's

5.

Report

Catalog

No.

TN D-6142
Subtitle

VORTEX-LATTICE
FORTRAN
PROGRAM
FOR
SUBSONIC AERODYNAMIC
CHARACTERISTICS

Date

February

ESTIMATING
OF COMPLEX

1971

6.

Performing

Organization

Code

8.

Performing

Organization

Report

PLANFORMS
7. Author(s)

No.

L-7262
Richard

J. Margason

and John

E. Lamar
10.

9.

12.

Performing

Organization

Name

NASA Langley

Research

Hampton,

23365

Sponsoring

Va.

Agency

National

Name

15.

Supplementary

16.

Abstract

and

Center

This

lattice

paper

arrangement

computer

or

13.

Type

Report

of

Grant

Administration

14.

Sponsoring

No.

and

Period

Covered

Note

Agency

Code

been developed

planforms.

The

program

as a user's

on computed

results,

for

estimating

the subsonic

represents

guide

the lifting

and includes

several

sample

a study

cases,

aerodynamic

planform

with a vortex

of the effect

and a listing

char-

of the

of vortexFORTRAN

program.

(Suggested

Classif.

has

is intended

18.

by Author(s))

Vortex
lattice
Subsonic
speeds
Complex
planforms
Leading-edge
thrust
Longitudinal
aerodynamic
Security

Contract

Technical

program

of complex

lattice.

19.

11.

Notes

acteristics

Words

No.

20546

A computer

Key

Unit

126-13-10-06

and Space

D.C.

Work

Address

Address

Aeronautics

Washington,

17.

and

Distribution

Statement

Unclassified-

Unlimited

characteristics
20.

(of this report)

Security

Classif.

(of

21.

this page)

No.

Unclassified

Unclassified
"For

sale by the

National

Technical

Information

of

Pages

141
Service,

Springfield,

Virginia

22151

22.

Price"

$3.00

C ONTE

NTS
Page

SUMMARY

.......................................

INTRODUCTION
SYMBOLS
BASIC

....................................

.......................................

CONCEPTS

PROGRAM
PART

AND LIMITATIONS

DESCRIPTION
I -

Section

........................

I0

COMPUTATION

Reference

Planform

......................

Horseshoe

PART

II - VORTEX

PART

HI - AERODYNAMIC

II

.....................

Vortex Lattice ......................

STRENGTH

COMPUTATION

COMPUTATION

Section 1. Lift and Moment

.................
...................

Using Entire Horseshoe

Section 2. Lift and Pitching and Rolling Moments

Filament of Horseshoe

OF

VORTEX-LATTICE

AERODYNAMIC
SAMPLE

CASES

CONCLUDING

CHARACTERISTICS

REMARKS

APPENDIX

B - OUTPUT

DATA

APPENDIX

C - SAMPLE

CASES

APPENDIX

D - FORTRAN

......................

............................
...........................

PROGRAM

..........................
LISTING

i!:=___
_

...................

.....................................
.......................................

111

13
14
20
20

26
28

ON COMPUTED

...............................
DATA

II

Using Only Spanwise

....................................

A - INPUT

FIGURES

..........

.......................

ARRANGEMENT

APPENDIX

REFERENCES

Vortex

Vortex .........................

Section 3. Output Data Preparation

EFFECT

I0

.........................

Section 2. Configuration Computations

Section 3.

..............................

GEOMETRY
I.

32
34
34
36
40
45
94
122
124

VORTEX-LATTICE

FORTRAN

SUBSONIC

PROGRAM

AERODYNAMIC

PLANFORMS

J. Margason
Langley

ESTIMATING

CHARACTERISTICS

OF COMPLEX
By Richard

FOR

and

Research

John

E. Lamar

Center

SUMMARY

A FORTRAN
aerodynamic

with

with

outer
twist

and/or

distributions

span

loading

puted

vortex-lattice

as a user's
of the

effect

along

with

for particular

wings
The

the flat

distributions

sucof several

damping-in-pitch
rate.

application

and

sample

in the program.

arrangement

types

span,

both

due to pitch

for use

some

with variable-

leading-edge

coefficient,

for program
available

of the vortex-lattice

characteristics

arrangements

guide

options

the lifting

the

for

thrust,

coefficient

subsonic

or a canard.

moment

coefficients,

pressure

and lift

across
a tail

leading-edge

and suction

wings

angle
either

the

represents

include

and pitching

of lifting

parameter,

of the

aerodynamic

thrust

most

lift

with

estimating

program

in dihedral

parameter,

distribution

is intended

is a study

are

drag-due-to-lift

to illustrate

The

in conjunction

of interest

for

planforms

changes

a wing

of leading-edge

paper

developed

complex

several

and

coefficients,

included

included

camber,

been

planforms.

These

with

damping-in-roll

This
are

wings

wing,

tion,

parameter,

lattice.

characteristics

twisted

has

of complex

a vortex

panels,

aerodynamic
and/or

program

characteristics

planforms
sweep

computer

on some

recommendations

for

cases

Also

of the

com-

specifying

of planforms.

INTRODUCTION

In recent
regimes

in which

several

changes

the wing
these

are

wings

Computing

The

problem

representation.
evaluations,
characteristics

have

required

in dihedral

become

parametric
dynamic

tip.

some

they

wings

made.
in the

years,

to operate.

angle

across

procedures

very

for

involved

becomes

complex

Such

wings

the span,

because
may

even

the aerodynamic
the body

problem
has

planforms.

been

for

of the

have

a variable

representation

when

this

program
complex

or

predicting

involved

to solve

a computer
of these

very

if an adequate

more

In order

become

varied

variable

sweep,

dihedral

angle

characteristics
of the planform

or body
preliminary

developed

for

and tail

are

speed

near
of

is to be
included

designs

or for

estimating

the

aero-

In this FORTRANcomputer program, the planform in steady subsonic flow is

represented by a vortex lattice. Although this type of representation is not new{for
example, refs. 1 to 12), the present program has several useful features that are not
foundtogether in other generally available programs of either the vortex-lattice or
pressure-doublet type (refs. 13 to 15).
The program uses a minimum of input data to describe relatively complex planforms. These planforms may be described by up to 24 line segmentson a semispan.
They may havean outboardvariable-sweep panel or they may have several dihedral
angles across the span. In addition, two planforms may be used together to represent a
combination of wings and tails or wing, bodies, and tails. The analysis in the present
paper has been extendedto handle planforms in a sidewashfield. These velocities occur
when a planform has dihedral or when a secondplanform is placed at a different height
from the first planform.
The program described in the present paper was developedfrom a basic program
written several years ago, which has had considerable use at the Langley Research
Center.
have

In recent
shown

good

The
a user's

years

paper

for

(appendix

A) and

of various

types

FORTRAN

program

tions

of this

with

program

output

is intended

data

(appendix

which

been

describes

in industry.

The

results

the

examples

In addition,

to give

of the program

in detail

can be handled

to provide

can be expected

used

as a description

B) and provides

D).

presented

both

paper

which

(appendix

are

also
data.

to serve
This

of configurations
listing

has

experimental

its application.

program

arrangements

basic

correlation

present
guide

this

and typical

(appendix
the

guidance
acceptable

program

input

times

with a

of parametric

in specifying

as

data

running

C) along

results

and

applica-

vortex-lattice

results.

SYMBOLS

The
origin

geometric

on the

replaced
plane

description

planform

center

by a vortex

lattice

of symmetry.

geometric
to the
defined

(See

influence

origin

of that

in this

is arbitrary

for

line.

(See

which
sketch

horseshoe
vortex

given

Units.

For

a given

case;

The

symbols

used

for

input

The

symbols

used

in the

fig.

(d) in text

of a given

are

is based
1 for

is in a wind-axis

horseshoe

paper

U.S. Customary

of planforms

for

vortex
(fig.

1).

positive

details.)

units

angles
data

description

of the

associated

in the

The axis

of the program

for

program
are

system

are
defined

planform

is

planform

by which

the

physical

and

referred

quantities

(SI) and in the

the length

are

with the

in the

oriented

the

of Units

program,

with planform

computer

origin

is wind

used
System

computer

The

with the

is computed
The

system

directions.)

system

both in the International

the purpose

on the body-axis

always

described
as follows:

dimension

in degrees.
in appendix

A.

aspect

Bk

element

wing

CD,i

induced

drag

coefficient,

induced

drag

parameter

based

on Munk's

CD ,ii/CL 2 induced

drag

parameter

based

on near-field

CD,i/CL

CL

CL,_-

ratio;

listed

of boundary-condition

span,

program

matrix,

output

4_0 k

(ft)

lift coefficient,
lift

as AR in computer

Induced

drag

q_Sref

far-field

solution

solution

L/qc_Sref

coefficient

based

on additional

loading

and

actual

planform

area

BC L
CLq

lift

coefficient

due

to pitch

rate,

8/qcref_'//

\2u
CL_

lift-curve

Cl

rolling-moment

slope,

\_]o'

per

deg

rad

or per

Rolling

per

rad

moment

coefficient,
qooSref b
8C/

C/p

damping-in-roll

parameter,

8--_b_'per rad

\2u/

Cm

8Cm/SCL

pitching-moment

longitudinal

coefficient

stability

about

Y-axis,

parameter
8C m

Cmq

Cn

damping-in-pitch

element

parameter,

of circulation

Pitching
moment
qooSrefCref

term

per

rad

8(_qCref._,

matrix,

Fn/U
3

aCp

incremental

pressure

Plower

coefficient,

" Pupper

= A__pp

qoo

CS

leading-edge

suction

qoo

Suction

coefficient,

qooSref

CT

leading-edge

thrust

Leading-edge

coefficient,

thrust

qooSref

chord,

Cav

average

Cc

chord

(ft)

chord,

along

S_/b,

left

trailing

leg

Cd,ii

section

induced

cl

section

lift coefficient

Cref

reference

aS

section

leading-edge

suction

ct

section

leading-edge

thrust

dii

section

induced

based

influence
vortex
m-1

sum

drag

(ft)

chord,

half

located
of wing,

element

lift for

entire

lift per

unit length

of influence
wing,

(ft)

on near-field

solution

coefficient

coefficient

on near-field

geometrically

which

function

Gn,k

which

to a quantity
(ft- 1)

metrically

based

panel,

(ft)

drag

of influence

right

coefficient

function

of elemental

at a control

horseshoe

function
N

relates

is proportional

m-1

solution,

vortices,

N/m

influence

of single

to velocity

point
one

induced

on wing

on left

caused

half

of wing

(ft-1)

matrix,

"Fw,n,k

- _v,n,k

(lb)

of span,

(lb/ft)

//(2s

cos

_), N/m

(lb/ft)

tan

4_n

horseshoe
at a point,

by two symand

one on

lift per

lift

unit

length

generated

pitching

along

moment

free-stream

pitching

my

of vortex

a finite

for

Mach

moment

filament,

entire

length

wing

N/m

(lb/ft)

of vortex

about

filament,

Y-axis,

m-N

(lb)

(ft-lb)

number

about

_r-axis

due

to lift

developed

on elemental

(ft-lb)
N

maximum

number

of elemental

panels

on entire

in a chordwise

wing

Nc

number

of elemental

panels

Ns

number

of chordwise

rows

roll

pitch

qoo

free-stream

Sref

reference

S T

actual

horseshoe

T=

Sref/(2s

rate,

rate

n cos

rad/sec;

about

also,

Y-axis,

dynamic

area,

planform

of elemental

pressure,

N/m2

panels

on wing

semispan

(lb/ft2)

rad/sec

pressure,

m2

row

N/m2

(lb/ft2)

(ft2)

area,

semiwidth

m2

(ft2)

in plane

of horseshoe

vortex,

(ft)

@ Car )

section

free-stream

backwash

resultant

sidewash

leading-edge

thrust

velocity,

velocity,

m/sec

per

unit span,

(ft/sec)

m/sec

(ft/sec)

velocity,

m/sec

(ft/sec)

velocity,

m/sec

(ft/sec)

N/m

(lb/ft)

panel,

m-N

downwash

velocity,

X,Y,Z

axis

X,Y,Z

body-axis

system

wind-axis

system

system

m/sec

of a given

(ft/sec)

horseshoe

for

vortex

planform

Y-,

and

(see

(see

fig.

x,y,z

distance

along

X-,

Z-axis,

x,y

distance

along

X- and Y-axis,

distance

along

_:-, _r_, and

c/4

midspan

_-location

of quarter-chord

X3c/4

midspan

T-location

of three-quarter-chord

fig.

1)

respectively,

respectively,

7.-axis,

1)

respectively,

(ft)

of elemental

(ft)

(ft)

panel,

of elemental

panel,

(ft)

(ft)

x' =
Ycp

fractional
wing

{T

angle

spanwise

of attack,
angle

of attack,

chord

of pressure

strength,

net vortex

factor

to account

for

of compressibility

m2/sec

lift,

strength

(ft2/sec)

F__
bU

or

along

left

c/c

2b

trailing

leg

of elemental

(ft2/sec)

nondimensional

effect

V1 - Moo 2

flow,

nondimensional

to center

on left

rad

correction

subsonic

AF

root

deg

Prandtl-Glauert

vortex

from

panel

induced

distance

spanwise

coordinate,

_/(b/2)

panel,

m2/sec

in

density,

kg/m3

dihedral

angle,

planform

sweep

assumption,

_' = tan-l((tan

in Y-Z

leading-edge

quarter-chord
ment,

(slugs/ft3)

deg

sweep

angle,

angle

also

in X-Y

plane,

used

plane,

in X-Y

of elemental

as sweep

plane,

panel;

angle

deg

because

of spanwise

of the
horseshoe

small

angle

vortex

fila-

deg

g/)/i3)

Subscripts:

additional;

or angle

of attack

twist

and/or

camber

at

CL = 0

for

chordwise

row

twist

and/or

camber

at

CL = 0

for

elemental

panel

desired

index

for

elemental

maximum
k

index

left
lower

number

for

half

control

in chordwise

of elemental

panels

panels

row

in chordwise

row

point

of wing

lower

surface

index

for elemental

value

taken

right

half

rad

per

radian

panel

of elemental

at

panel

on wing

semispan

C L=0

of wing

angle

of attack

spanwiseboundvortex element
chordwise boundvortex element

tc

twist

and/or

backwash

upper

upper

sidewash

downwash

camber

surface

BASIC

The
dynamic

vortex-lattice

reference
attached

step
11.

This

method

flow.

The

effects

in the form
field

by the lift
X-Z

plane

except

when
The

horseshoe
of the

shows
for

is divided

and trailing

circulations
solving

a matrix
is used

summed
istics.
edge

appropriately

at the

to satisfy

suction,

one
in the

the

tangent

the

to obtain

lift,

called

and induced

each

pitching
the

drag.

disturbances

created
in any

panel

of the

point

elemental
moment,

program

The

starting

at the
Figure

boundary

of the

by a

quarter-chord

fluid

streamlines

elemental

condition

is then

determined

lift from

a vortex

for

panel.

These

and other

i ll

the

panel.

lift results

aerodynamic

is used

to compute
effect

condition

of its

ignores

to

neglected,

to infinity.

theorem

solution

flow

parallel

are

the

panel

inclination

flow boundary

in the

is replaced

across

direction

the

flow theory

determined.
Each

side

in

of the

plane

or wake

of a planform.

near-field
This

that

are

free-stream

Kutta-Joukowski

lift from

Potential

filament

on each

applied

by application

panels.

three-quarter-chord

Then,

incompressible,

geometry.

points

by requiring

this

inviscid,

in the wing

a vortex

representation

of attack

procedure

has

streamwise,

is satisfied

to determine

control

elemental

vortex

downstream

occur

aero-

is an extension
16 and

It is assumed
which

many

vortex

equation.

A similar
thrust,

into

horseshoe-vortex

required

planform

method

the

in reference

represented

to represent

at the

horseshoe

and two filaments

angle

irrotational,

the

to determine

This

described

planform.

conditions

program

speeds.

are

to modify

of the

This

the

steady,

displacements

boundary

horseshoe

to match

ment

distribution

a typical

each

assumes

law is used

vortex.

quarter-chord

computer

at subsonic
originally

Biot-Savart

planform

panel

in this

method

rule

the vertical
the

AND LIMITATIONS

of compressibility

similarity
of the

is used

of planforms

lifting-line

Prandtl-Glauert

the

method

characteristics

of the finite

CONCEPTS

are
characterleading-

of thickness.

The
by
filathen

The lifting-surface
of up to 24 straight
of the

left

leading

half

edge

planform,

the

that

aerodynamic
There

are

planform

output

data.

program

These

user,
The

and

horseshoe

vortices

separation

lateral

of symmetry

tices

in both

chordwise
For

number

is 120.

may

vary

from

see
that

be a fixed-sweep
(2) the pivot
handling

at the

intersection
The

to two planforms
be continuous

12 and

the

sample

apply

be canted
in the

of this

panel

that

apply

are

limit,

the

from

the

tip chord

number

of horseshoe

vortices

in each

number

of horseshoe

vortices

must

description

the

before

using

the

com-

convenience

and
of the

is presented.
and are

lines

as follows:

examples,

see

to define

the

can be critical
For

details

on the left
specified,

number

root
the

sample

left

half

when

of the

of a

the

lateral

to the

chord

and the
and

chordwise

be constant

rows

may

in any

vary

from

are

outboard

(1) there

have
(1) the

chord

of each

must
the

should

variable-sweep
have

been
panel

or

wing.

are

over

vortices

(3) no provisions

of the

which

row

of the vor-

for the variable-sweep

portion

root

total

of horseshoe

planforms

plane

configuration

C.

vertical,

same

of the

sum

of chordwise

calculations
fixed

side

the

the number

only to planforms

the

to verify

program

For

be used

in appendix

geometry

do not lie in the

from

may

vortices

cases

with

computation

in the
A.

For

only to variable-sweep

cannot

of the geometry

13.

this

between

It is

of this

program.

two planforms

dihedral

which

computer

Within

angles,

application

planforms

of these

1 to 20 and the

panel

limitations

ends

of horseshoe

When

to 120.

limitations

for

of the

out by the

of sym-

in the

be specified.

segments

see pages

examples,

made

must

laid

is limited

row

The

panel,

are

maximum

plane

always

separation

plane

2 for two planforms.

of 24 straight-line

requirements,

(3) The

case

of the

group

each

and limitations

may

tip of the

be made

in detail

to all

left

at the

should

in appendix

apply

to the

start

representation.

after

check

lines

perimeter

and dihedral

second

limitations

discussed

group

sample

in the

by a series
the

The

edge

coordinates

This

of restrictions
first

trailing

examined

variables

of two planforms

one planform

The

to 50.

list

in the

(2) A maximum

and

program
around

edge

of the planform

and

are

at the

listed

of restrictions

input

the leading

Cartesian

representation.

a complete

planform.

computer

is presumed.

and end

and

limitations

restrictions

1 for

edge,

the

counterclockwise

go along

coordinates

appropriate

(1) A maximum
case

symmetry

B be plotted

a number

with the

Lateral

the accuracy

planform

of the

are

positioned

determines

in appendix

program.
noted

of the

for

are

the trailing

the

given

accuracy

puter

along

data,

recommended
data

which

of symmetry,

preciseness

as input

output

is represented

of the planform.
of the plane

The

given

segments

return

metry.

planform

nonzero

dihedral

variation

semispan

in local

planform

be at least

angles
chord

specified,
two,

of each

and

or

(2) the

13) the

planform.

Restrictions on allowed values or codesfor individual items of input data are described
in appendixA.
The calculations presentedherein were madewith a computer which used approximately 15 decimal digits. For other cemputers with fewer significant digits, it may be
necessary to use doubleprecision for some of the calculations. In addition, it may be
necessary to changesome of the tolerances used in the program. These tolerances are
mentionedin either the text or the program listing.
PROGRAM

This
istics:

FORTRAN

CLot,

CD,ii/CL

tribution

ficient.

are

program

quantities
The

three

in this

Part

calculations,

program.

are
use

described
of the

cases

(appendix

program
the

and
three

The

program.

required
three

first

part

sections.

the

A) is read

the input

data)

are

into
read

I -

planform

the

with the

described

data

computer.

sample
and

computer

In Section

and suction

(rotary

derivatives).

]1 contains

terms,

cases

into

the

calculations,
in the

in appendix

program

This

is divided

Part

overlays

computed

coef-

are

given

the output

to illustrate

for

(appendix

and

FORTRAN

A, and

results

cir-

these
D) are

sample
given.

COMPUTATION

to compute

of the

three

drag

solution.

characteristics

output

in detail

Several

by a system

thrust,

of

Description.

calculations,

the final

dis-

angle

a near-field

III of the Program

coeffi-

spanwise

and induced

Cmq

In addi-

lift

configuration

and

of wing

loading.

the

leading-edge

CLq

geometric

input

the

coefficient

the aerodynamic

B.

wing

panel,

by using

or both

in Part

is used

the computer.
into

drag,

GEOMETRY

1, a description

loadings,

configuration

CD,i/CL2,

for a specified

elemental

the induced

FORTRAN

program

In Section

appendix

10

of the

to represent

are

of the

with the

each

wing

coincide

data

computed

character-

distribution

of basic

to lift

for

in appendix

PART

The

spanwise

III contains

parts

Listings

C), along

loading,

plartform

required
Part

input

in detail

wing

for

C/p

in detail

I contains

These

entire

to compute

computation

listings.

computer

of 1 rad,

described

term

answer

used

8Cm/aCL,

are

additional
major

for the

are

parts:

culation

the

of attack

can alsobe

These

and

aerodynamic

Cmo,

distribution

coefficient

of the

computed

spanwise

the following

Ycp,

characteristics

basic

contribution

C L =0,

and

pressure

At an angle

coefficients

at

to compute

of additional

aerodynamic

combined

and the

camber,

incremental

of the

attack,

or= 0,

and

the following
the

is used

distribution

due to twist

cient:

data

at

2, spanwise

loading
tion,

CL

program

DESCRIPTION

the geometric

of horseshoe
planform

vortices
(group

2, configuration

In Section

arrangement
and is divided

one of the
details

3, the horseshoe

input

(group
vortex

into
data

in

two of

lattice

is

laid out. Whentwo planforms are usedto describe a wing-body-tail configuration, each
of these sections is repeated for the secondplanform. At the beginningof the geometry
computation, a data card is read which describes the number of planforms (either 1 or 2),
the number of configurations for which values are to be computed,and the reference values for chord andarea.
Section 1. Reference Planform
The planform is described by a series of straight lines which are projected onto the
X-_ plane from the deflected planform as shownin figure 1 for a double-delta planform.
The primary geometric data are the locations of the intersections of the perimeter lines,
the dihedral angles, andan indication as to whether the lines are on a fixed or movable
panel. The pivot location is also required for a variable-sweep planform. These data
are described in group oneof the input data (appendixA). For variable-sweep wings, the
planform used for input should be the configuration with the movable panel in a position
where the maximum number of lines required to form its perimeter are exposed.
Section2. Configuration Computations
The particular configuration for which aerodynamic characteristics are soughtis
described by group two input data which are read here. These data include the following
quantities: An appropriate configuration number, the number of horseshoevortices
chordwise, the nominal number of vortices spanwise,the Mach number, the particular lift
coefficient at which the total spanload distribution is desired, the sweepangle of the outboard panel for variable-sweep wings, a codeto indicate whether C/p should be computed, a codeto indicate whether CLq and Cmq should be computed,anda codefor
each planform to indicate whether it is flat or whether it has twist and/or camber. The
foregoing data are punchedon one card for eachconfiguration as described in appendixA.
The number of horseshoevortices usedin each chordwise row (SCW)can be constant
across the spanor it can vary. If it is constant, simply indicate the number on the configuration card and this value will be used on eachplanform of the group oneinput. If it
varies, use 0 andadd the required input cards to define the table of values (TBLSCW(I))
described in appendixA. However, it is usually desirable to use a constantvalue the first
time a planform is usedin the program. For all but the most simple planforms, the program adds some extra rows of horseshoevortices. (This is described in Part I,
Section3.) As a result, the number of chordwise rows actually laid out (SSW)is usually
greater than the nominal number of rows (VIC) andit takes one run through the program
to determine the exact number andlocation of the rows.
The lift coefficient at which the total spanload distribution (basic loading plus additional loading) is desired will usually be between0 and 1. However, if a value of 11 is
11

specified, an induceddrag polar is computed. In this case, the program will provide values of CD, i for 11 values of C L from -0.1 to 1, as well as values of ACp and the
total

span

load

distribution

If a planform

has

twist

group

two input

data.

points

when

root-chord

panel

the

are

camber,
gram
wing

planform

tioned

leading
and

secutive

two input

angles

of attack.

with

cases,

has
data

in which

these

no twist

and/or

because

If variations

they

appropriate

to compute
to determine

order

twist

may

changes

control

elemental

and camber

If a planform

with the

at the

of each

The

group

computer

data

for

the planform

pair

sweep-angle

in the

poorly

conditioned
this

sufficient
fewer
Section

adjacent

in the

matrix

which

adjustment

the pro-

in the basic

be obtained

by

in any of the

having

15 significant

is less

could

other.

result

dihedral

are

are

aforemen-

checked

use

to see

of this

the

whether
If this

the

any

con-

occurs,

the

to avoid

circulation

which

in detail

terms.

it may

in computers

is discussed

a fixed

will use

with no dihedral,

program

problem

For

is necessary
for

be on

intersection

computed.

apart.

results

should

the program

adjustment

in biased

This

then

(b/2)/2000

The

sweep
The

because

for planforms

or for
digits.

the

portion.

position

than

adequate

decimal

describes
fixed

breakpoints

each

is usually

to the

desired

planform

with

which

is not required

direction

to coincide

for wings

than

panel

The

spanwise

adjusted

the angle

specification

planform.

are

Although

planform,

slopes

points

not be
have

in Part

I,

3.
When

two planforms

breakpoints

span.

on both

are

has

a breakpoint
to the other

the horseshoe
from

prevents

one

unrealistic
The

program

these

values

of dihedral

from

which

does

planform

from

spanwise,

not occur

to occur

at the

passing

close

velocities

determines

the

chord

the

average

edge.
same

spanwise

control

chord.

to the tip chord

and

point

the shorter

to force

location,
on the

all

which
other

of
semi-

if one

an additional

plan-

breakpoint

trailing
keeps

planform

legs

a trailing
and

point.
span

projected

Planforms

which

have

location

However,

planform,
is done

spanwise
with

is taken.

This

by a control

area

the

tip of the planform

no action

at that

planform

compares

on the other

leading

induced

root

of the

on its

to compute
the

the program

inboard

coincide

vortices

planform

specified,

planforms

If all the breakpoints

is added

12

local

for additional
two input

movable

basic

uses

desired
group

of the

unaltered

leg

of the

twist

A.

required

it is necessary

required.

in appendix
for

point

Generally,

are

are

in radians

control

without

of attack

0 for the values

edge

the

from

angles

of attack

The

planform

in detail

cards

a variable-sweep

planform,

form

is 0 .

cards

variables.

points

the

local

data

angles

line.

required

are

local

of attack

are

only the

For
the

the

for the

is described

assign

repeating

angle

the

no additional
will

are

additional

three-quarter-chord

at which

provided

of 1.
camber,

data

arrangement

locations

data

CL

and/or

These

is at the midspan

the vortex-lattice
the

at a

an average

to the X-Y
have

chord

a constant
which

plane

and

angle

is independent

of dihedral angle. However, wings with more than one dihedral angle havean average
chord which is dependenton the individual dihedral angles.
Section3. HorseshoeVortex Lattice
In this section, the procedure by which the horseshoevortex lattice is laid out is
described. The planform is divided chordwise and spanwisealong the surface into trapezoidally shapedelemental panels; onehorseshoevortex is assignedto represent each
panel. The horseshoevortices are similar to those described in references 11 and 16
and are sketchedin figure 2 for a typical panel. The horseshoevortex is composedof
three vortex lines: a boundvortex which is swept to coincide with the elemental-panel
quarter-chord sweepangle in the plane of the wing and two trailing vortices which extend
chordwise parallel to the free stream to infinity behind the wing. Figure 1 shows a typical chordwise row of horseshoevortices on an arbitrary planform. The nominal width of
these horseshoevortices is the total semispan in the plane of the wing divided by the variable VIC. (SeeappendixA.)
The procedure for laying out the horseshoevortices andthe elemental panels is to
begin at the left tip with the first chordwise row of vortices andthen proceedtoward the
wing root. The actual spanwiselocations of the chordwise rows of horseshoevortices
are adjusted so that there is always a trailing vortex filament at points where there are
intersections of lines with breakpoints of the planform. This adjustment may causethe
horseshoevortex width to be narrower or wider than the nominal width. Whena horseshoevortex has onetrailing vortex filament which coincides with a breakpoint, the width
of the horseshoevortex may vary from 0.5 to 1.5 times the nominal width. Whenboth
trailing legs coincide with breakpoints, the width may vary from a maximum of 1.5 times
the nominal width to a minimum width of (b/2)/2000, as described previously in Section2.
For wings with zero dihedral angles, good results canbe expectedfor horseshoevortices
of these widths. However, for planforms having dihedral, the span loading results may be
poor when narrow (less than 0.5 times the nominal width) horseshoevortices exist.
Hence, special care must be used in describing a planform with dihedral so that these
narrow horseshoevortices will not be used. The number of chordwise rows actually laid
out is given by the variable SSW.
In the chordwise direction, the horseshoevortices are distributed uniformly and the
number of vortices is given by either the variable SCWor TBLSCW(I). The maximum
number of horseshoevortices in the chordwise direction is 20 andin the spanwisedirection the maximum number is 50 on a semispan. However, the total number of horseshoe
vortices (either the product of SCWand SSWor the sum of TBLSCW (I)) permitted by the
program is 120on a semispan. The exact number generatedby the program dependson
the values of VIC and SCWand on the details of the planform. As many as oneadditional
13

chordwise row of horseshoevortices may be generatedby the program at eachbreakpoint

outboard of the root. Wings with dihedral must always haveat least two horseshoevortices chordwise; wings without dihedral may haveonly one. The most desirable spanwiseto-chordwise horseshoe-vortex ratio is examinedin that portion of the paper entitled
"Effect of Vortex-Lattice Arrangement on Computed
Aerodynamic
Characteristics."
The
gents

Prandtl-Glauert

of the sweep

sibility

group

two input

ment,

desired

of the

studies

can

data.

C/p

information

number

or

point

and the

to account

for

by group

calculations

the

the fixed

between

the

tan-

compres-

root

The
same

flow

real

wing.

pass

through

the vortex

at the

midspan

straint

is called

the

tangent

to the

condition

can be conveniently

The
which

laid

(3) there

should

and to determine

lattice

the

at specified

"no flow"

points

is used

in matrix

additional

case.

Any

set.

(1) the

A few

pivot

cannot

dihedral

intersection

of this

be a fixed-sweep

in place
forces

must

of the

and

of each

real

in the
panel

panel

points

are

called

panel.

to requiring

the

required

vortex

on the

it does

not

control
This

that

matching

to generate

acting

so that

elemental

Simultaneous

wing

moments

be constrained

These

to compute
form

rotary

by repeating

for handling

always

is equivalent

surface.

of the

planform
are

for a

COMPUTATION

points.

and

angle

panel.

the

flow

line

condition

mean-camber

control

or at the

I is now used

functions,

each
wing

made

variable-sweep

out in Part

these

panel

sweep

computation

be noted

been

VORTEX-STRENGTH

expressed

flow

the flow

of the

points

Gn,k,

and

matrix

_B_

are

presented

Bk

con-

be

no flow

strengths.

This

as

: _G_- I(B_

(C)

Cn,

H -

for

initial

should
have

three-quarter-chord

wing

at all the

and

the outboard

as the wing

To perform

real

wing,

and

lattice

field

which

and

the

arrange-

is accomplished

data

for a given

(2) no provisions

of the

chord

vortex

computation

for the variable-sweep

portion

the

by repeating

vortex-lattice

camber,

include

two of the input

be used

planforms

vertical,

PART

are

may

selected

number,

and

features
This

features

Mach

of twist

Cmq.

for variable-sweep

geometry

14

at this

include

optional

and

cases

from

tions

to the Z-coordinates

on optional

distribution
The

required

be canted

where

vortices

parameters

CLq

of additional

limitations

and

is applied

be performed

These

planform.

derivatives

the

horseshoe

lift coefficient,

variable-sweep

with

angle

factor

effects.
Parametric

the

correction

(1)

are

represents

the

elements

the numerical

in sketches

of these
values

(a) to (d) and

matrices.
satisfying

equations

the boundary

(2) to (4).

The

conditraditional

representation for flat wings is shownin sketch (a)

of a wing

chord.

g
U sin c_/

View

across

/
Sketch

(a)

(2)

w cos _- U sin_=O

This

boundary

condition

sion

is shown

in sketch

the

left

half

of the

may

be extended

(b), which

wing

to represent

is a view

wings

looking

upstream

with

dihedral.

toward

the

This
trailing

extenedge

of

span.
V

COS

Ot_

v sin
w cos
_ _l
cos

U sin ff cos

_l

_bl//__

Z
Sketch

wcos
A view
(sketch
condition

looking

(c)) presents
from

acos

that

_l-vsin

upstream

#l-Usin_cs
toward

a somewhat
just

(b)

the

different

(3)

4,l=0

trailing

edge

combination

of the

right

of velocity

half
vectors

of the
for

wing
the

span
no flow

considered.

15

tn a cos _r
V
Z
Sketch

w cos

In the

a cos

geometry

#r

r - U sin a cos

+ v sin

convention

(c)

for this

q_r = 0

(4)

paper

This relationship can be used to show that equations (2) and (3)are identicaland have the
form

wcosacos

or,

for

small

angles
w-vtan

In the

present

the flow
plane

16

at the

parallel

p-vsin_-Usin_cos

of attack,
_ =Us

formulation
control

_=0

(6)

of a vortex
point

to the free

for

stream

each

lattice,

the

elemental

as shown

angle

panel.

in sketch

of attack
The

(d).

vortex

in equation
lattice

(5) refers
is located

to
in a

r-- Flow angle of attack at

\
eachcontrol point
\ r--Typical spanwise

X
_#

_;ortexfilament

Vortex-lattice trailing filame

Wing at an angle--_
of attack

Sketch(d)
The downwashvelocity for a particular horseshoevortex can be expressed as
r

w(x,y,z) =
where

the downwash

(7)

Fw(x',y,z,s,$',)

influence

coefficient

Fw(x,,y,z,s,_p,,d))

is
(y tan

(x') 2 + (y sin

_)2

+ cos2qb(y2tan2_

x' + s cos
[_' _b
+ tan._p')cos
_ cos _

,' - x')cos

+ z2sec2$'

- 2yx'

<_
tan

_')

- 2z cos

_b sin

_(y

+ x' tan

_')

tan _P'
s cos
(z +
s sin q_)sin
ta_q__,)2
+ _y+ +(y _+co_
)2_b)cos
+ (_ +q5s +si_
_)2]1/2

(x'- s cos_ tan_')cos

_ ta__:+ (y.
-_ yos._)_oj
__+.
(z-s sin_)sln
_
[(x, - s _o_ _ t_ _,)2 + Cv- s cos _}2 + (z - s sin _}2]1/2

_y_:s cos _
(y-scos

f]1

x' - s cos

)2+(z_ssin_)2

_ tan

J
_'

_[

[(X'- S COS tan _,)2 + (y . S COS _b)2 + (Z - S sin )231/

x_..:'+ s_ cos _ ta..

n._- (y+s

and the

sidewash

v(x,y,z)

cos y _b)
+ 2+(z
s cos. +s
_

velocity

= r

sin _)2 I

" [(x'

can be expressed

Fv(x,,y,z,s,_,,qb)

+ s cos

q_ tan q')_" + (y + s cos

q_)_" + (z + s sin

__
_)2]

(s)

1/

as

(9)

17

where

the

sidewash

influence

coefficient

is

x' sin

Fv(x',y,z,s,_',_)
(x') 2 + (y sin

4,) 2 + cos24(y2tan2t.P

_b - z cos

' + z2sec2$

4 tan

- 2yx'

gz

tan _')

- 2z

cos

4 sin

4(Y + x' tan @')

4)sin

F
)(x'

+ s COS 4 tan

@')cos

4, tan

4'

+ (Y + s cos

4)cos

_b + (z + s sin

[x,+ s co_ 4 tan _,)2 + (y+ _ co_ 4)2+ (z +_ _in 4)2]1/2

. (x'-s cos(_tan_')cos
_ tan@'+ (y- scos_))cos
_ + (z-s sin_)sl,
n_

[(_'
- _co_4 tan_')_
+ (y- _ co_4,)_
+ (z- _ _n 4)2]
_/2

7
z - s sin 4)

x' - s cos _ tan '

I,

+cy-_o;_: _z:_ _in412

[(x'

- s cos

4tan@')2

+(y

. s cos

4) 2 +(z-

ssin

4) 211/

(z + s sin _b
(y+s

Then,

by using

equations

_(Fw-Fv
For

a vortex

trol

point

lattice

of

x'+scos

J1

cos _b)
2 + (z +s

sin 4) 2

tan

4)) = Ua

elements,

__

(I0)

[x,+ _cos _ tan _,)_ + Cv+_ o__)_+ z+ _ s_ 4)_.]1

(9) equation

(7)and

_tan_'

(6) can be rewritten

as

(11)

equation

(11) can be expressed

for

a particular

con-

by

_Fw,

_b_Fn
"U" = 4ha

Fv, n tan

(12)

n=l
For

symmetrical

expressed

aerodynamic

loading

on each

half

of the wing,

equation

(12)

may

be

as
N/2
(Fw,n-

"Fv,n

tan

(13)

q5_ _----_n
= 4zrot

n= 1
where

Fw, n = Fw,n(X',y,z,s,@',O)left

+ Fw,N+l_n(X

'

,y,

,s,_

panel

'

,qS)right
panel

(14)

and

Fv, n = Fv,n(X',y,z,s,_',_)left

+ Fv,N+ l_n(x'
panel

18

,y,z,s,@',

4))right
panel

(15)

Figure

1 shows

is solved

where
first

ok

program

describes

solution,

angle
the

the locations

by the

of attack
control

of elemental

the

local

is that

is zero;

angle

angle

for

of attack

of attack

the second

mentioned,

this

derivatives
C/p,
Cmq , and
method
outlined
in reference
are

changed

angle

variation

steady-state
whose

and

(N + 1 - n).

The

matrix

which

in radians

due to twist

solution,

the

and

angle

at the

control

camber

point.

when

of attack

the

For

the

root-chord

is 1 rad

for

all

points.

As previously

solution

panels

is then

rolling

program

to compute

the

rotary

stability

CLq.
This computation
is accomplished
by following
the
17 where the values
of the boundary
conditions
of the second

to an equivalent
at zero

can be used

angle

across

the

quasi-steady-state
of attack,

span

the

boundary

rolling

or pitching

conditions

lead

motion.

For

to a linear

twist

is

-p9
%(2) = --d-For

this

computation,

be written

if the

(17)

tip angle

pb/2U

is specified

to be 5, then

equation

(17)

(18)

2u\b/2/=
For

pitching

perimeter
or the wing
parabolic

motion,
points

the _r-axis

be specified

quarter-chord.
camber

is the
so that

For

as can be seen

-q_ - -_
%(2) = u
a_
Specifying

can

as

steady

center
the

of rotation.

Y-axis
pitching

coincides
motion,

It is recommended
with

either

the boundary

the

that
center

conditions

the
of gravity
lead

to a

from

(19)

that

(20)
leads to

-5_
%(2) = 180

(21)

19

If any of the rotary derivatives are to be computed,the program assigns zero values for
the _k(1) terms and the appropriate boundarycondition values for the ak(2) terms.
In addition to solving for the circulation, solutions for section induceddrag and
leading-edgethrust are made at this point in the program by using a near-field approach.
A detailed description of this implementation is given in Part HI, Section 3.
HI -

PART

The

circulation

terms

gram

to compute

the lift

plified

procedure

is used

put data

is obtained

The
wing-tail

printed

where

is needed

for both types

wash

velocities

in addition

action

with the

of the

Because
have

leg

ahead

of the

of the

edges

not at the

final

of the

form

pro-

A simof the

out-

and

for

used

interaction

1, these

of these

inter-

horseshoe

and new

vor-

lift force.

of planforms

tip to the wing

at the wing

velocity

and the

of the

types

treat-

and back-

lift force

in another

the wing

A special

sidewash

(that portion

in Section

be used

local

an additional

results

from

with dihedral

elevation.

are
The

vortex

edge)

chord

same

there

provides
bound

trailing

can only

the

for planforms

velocity.

vortex

in local

part

with dihedral.

Then,

because

free-stream

procedure

variation

perimeter

are

chordwise

wing

computation

a continuous

streamwise

with the

in this

for planforms

1 is used

of planforms

bound

used

planforms.

in Section

spanwise

sidewash

tex trailing

for both

to the

II are

planforms.

the planforms

ment

components

in Part
data

zero-dihedral

described

planforms

computed

and pitching-moment

and

procedure

Fn/U

for

COMPUTATION

AERODYNAMIC

root.

tip or tip of the

must
As a result,

tail

for

these

planforms.

Section
The
a nonzero

lift,

addition

formed

twice:

circulation

oped

half

row;

over

terms

due

the

along

of a vortex

the left
bound

filament

herein

for

circulation

data

been

chordwise

vortex

of the

by using

to an angle

procedure
has

any portion
here

described
for

the

Using

Entire

the

Horseshoe

output
planform

local

data

Vortex
for planforms

which

or for two planforms

sidewash

and backwash

have

at differ-

velocities

in

velocity.

first,

of the wing

spanwise

2O

angle

center-of-pressure

chordwise

and Moment

and rolling-moment

computed

procedure

spanwise

left

are

to the free-stream
The

the

Lift

pitching-moment,

dihedral

ent elevations

1.

bound

are

computed
repeated

into account.
vortex

is computed.
is used

terms
of attack

is then
taken

computing

to compute

The

lift and

due to twist
of 1 tad.
for
for

all
each

For

The

wings

camber

lift,

with

row

elemental
and
theorem
dihedral

and,

panels

chordwise

first

data

is per-

second,

for

pitching-moment,

elemental

Kutta-Joukowski

lift for

and

each

is computed

pitching-moment

in a particular
until

panel,

then

the

for

and

the entire
the

lift devel-

lift along

lift

per

and is given

unit

the
length

by the

following equation:
=pvr
The

circulation

described

and velocity

the

varies

variation

along

from

leading

edge

no lift

used

the chordwise
edge

sidewash

that there

of the wing

to the

can be generated

here.

there

is a constant

value

of circulation

culation

just

shoe

vortices.

wise

rows

vortex

sum

of the

sidewash

velocity

This

by the

bound

first

are

of vortex

panel.
from

second

wing

panel

of the first

is equal

row.

The

left

chordwise

the quarterpanel,
A spe-

the value

chordwise

row

of cirof horse-

between

two chord-

to the difference

sidewash

between

velocity

used

vortex

of the

bound

from

As a

velocity.

lies

In

vortex

elemental

tip; there

vortex

longi-

strength.

elemental
vortex

of horse-

of the

bound

left

of each

because

of sidewash

bound

row

chordwise

bound

value

chordwise

final

panel

used

of the

chordwise

bound
edge

sidewash

computed

the

is the
first

quarter-chord

similar

to that

now explained.
panels

vortices,

of the

of the

first

At the

left

is used.

elemental

elemental

wing

Inboard

the circulation

of the first
second

vortex

is equal

panel
panel

of each

of each
on the

row.

left

panel.
elemental

extends

of thewing

bound

at the three-quarter-chord

the last

vortex

and the

are

of the

elemental

through

chordwise

two elemental

circulations

the circulations

of the other
The

first

of horseshoe

the

second

panel

and these

rows

the

in a manner

of the

one

along

elemental

differences

is the

to the trailing

vortices.

developed

second

between

continues

of the length

following

is that

values

between

vortex

procedure
the

are

difference

The

horseshoe

value

the

at the

on the

two chordwise

difference

elemental

local

of the

a varying

lift is computed

circulation

and the

chordwise

This

but there

of the

row

quarters

in a chordwise

along

circulation

panel

of the

panel.

the tip between

However,

this

and its

elemental

the quarter-chord

the sum

to the

the

of the

elemental

lift to be computed

elemental

from

and

panel

at the three-quarter-chord

next

horseshoe
tip,

program

panel.

The

third

and

the tip,

vortices,

of the first

elemental

first

from

computer

of the wing

to the quarter-chord

elemental

of the

of horseshoe

computed

between

that

Inboard

circulations
one

equals

the first

edge

On the chordwise

panel

for

vortices

to trailing

quarter-chord

elemental

occurs

bound

velocity

of the first

case

(22) by this

is no circulation

chord

cial

in equation

follows.

leading

of both the

3, it can be seen

result,

that

lift developed

_shoe vortices
figure

values

in the discussion

The

tudinal

(22)

from

so:that

chordwise

bound

velocity

described

panel
the

its

vortices

in a chordwise

quarter-chord

length

of the

is equal

in the

same

in the foregoing

row.
last

to only threechordwise

procedure

row

of

is given

equation:

21

N/2
(23)
U
v=

4-_
1 n_l Yrn- Fv'n

Horseshoe
the

velocity

since

is being

a line

vortex

an elemental
and

vortex

computed

wing

or their
are

filament

length

reference

filaments

Cc

AF
is the

along

is the
chord

bound

area

by

local

symmetric
The

bound

loading
lift

value

or elemental

the chordwise

along

backwash,

and

sidewash

velocity

induce

of chordwise

it
= 2 AFccV
qSre f
Sre f U
where

eliminated

cannot

is given

go through

in the computer
a velocity

vortex

program

on itself.

divided

the

The

point

from

at which

equation

lift generated

by free-stream

dynamic

(23)

along
pressure

(24)

of circulation
length

vortex

geometry.

the

spanwise

as described

of the

at the

chordwise

root

because

bound

vortex

depends

and

on the

circulation

velocities

is given

which

and

sidewash

extensions

by equation

(23) and

in the

bound
the

preceding

vortex.

sidewash

on the

the backwash

and

No lift is computed
velocity

values

at the

paragraph

for

of free-stream,

elemental

velocity

is zero

panel.

is computed

The
from

N/2
u_l
U

4_

_ yFu,n
Fn
n= 1

(25)

where

Fu,n

= Fu,n(X',Y,Z,S,@',qb)left

panel

panel
and

the backwash

influence

coefficient

is
zcos

Fu(X'J'z's'@")

(x') 2 + (y sin )2 + cos2_(y2tan2@

cos _b tan @')cos

(26)

+ Fu,N+l_n(X',Y,Z,S,@',6)right

_b-ysin

+ z2sec2@

- 2yx' tan

tan @' + (y + s cos _b)cos

@') - 2z cos _b sin 6(Y + x' tan @')

_b + (z + s sin _b)sin _b

211/2
[(x' + s cos _btan @,)2+ (.7+ s cos )2 + (z + s sin ) J

-3
(x'- s cos _btan @')cos tan @' + (y - s cos )cos + (z - s sin )sin _b[

[(x' - s cos _ tan @,)2+ (y _ s cos )2 + (z - s sin )2]1/2

22

(27)

Equations
(ref.
for

(8),

16) for

(10), and

rectangular

a spanwise

horseshoe

vorticity

12) for a rectangular

tions

represent

bound

this

vortex

filament

nent

of the

vortex

comes

with the

component

expression

for

this

contribution

from

of the

over

all the

elemental

Xs
_
Cref

panels

and

camber

quantities,

four

the

for
other

output

given

by equation

(30)

slope

per

is

degree

11)

the present
the trailing

equalegs

are

panel

lift generated

interacting

_) and

to the _:-axis

cos

the

the

with

(2s tan

pressure

the

sidewash

along
compo-

interacting

_P cos

_).

and reference

The
area

is

4)

(28)

to pitching

moment

is given

by

xt

(29)

qooSref

Cref

represent

n_l tq_'S'r e

coefficients,

the wing

these

terms

in the following

are

summed

manner:

\qooSref/n

= 2

two values
and

cos

dynamic

It

4 and

velocity

(2s

pitching-moment

which

%SrefCref

are

axial

parallel

elemental

lift and

Cm =

Tbere

the total

by free-stream

qooSref

qooSref

3) in that

(ref.

by Blackwell

In contrast,

(ref.

by Glauert

by Campbell

formulation

in figure

to the _/-axis

lift of the

wing

recent

dihedral.

._ tan

qooSrefCref

formulation

formulation

the

with

filament

ls

total

and

is shown

Sref

my

To get the

both

vortex

lift divided

q_Sref

later

by Rubbert

filament

parallel

of the

of the original

direction.

vortex

filament

vortex

formulation

free-stream

A spanwise

The

of the

the

with sweep,

horseshoe

a subset
to the

an extension
vortices,

filament

(ref.

constrained

(27) represent

(31)
n--_ \q_SrefCref]n

each

of these

for the

terms
(i.e.,

are
the

quantities;

surface

loading

obtained.
lift

coefficient

The

one

for the

at 1 rad

angle

lift-curve

at 1 rad

surface

angle

slope

loading

of attack.
per

of attack).

due

From

radian
The

to twist
these

is the value
lift-curve

(32)
CLot

\q

SrefJa/

23

The longitudinal stability parameter aboutthe origin of the X-axis for the wing is given by

_C_.__m
=
_SrefCref
aCL

The

pitching

(33)

tq_oLref)a

moment

at zero

lift is

Cmo
S re cCml
L
My

(34)

\_]tc

The

center

of pressure

in a spanwise

direction

is computed

from

the following

expression:

n=iL_e^

S/2[')

YcP=

wise

The

span-load

bound

vortices

span-load
tions

horseshoe

I=

The

coefficients
of each

span-load

are

n1
(35)

a few basic

Therefore,

[
2s cos

vortex.
definitions

of force
lift

from

per

Before
should

developed

unit

the lift along

length

the spanwise

converting

the

be emphasized.
over

of span

a span

equal

lift
The

and

chord-

expressions
lift

to

in equa-

to the width

of a

is
(36)

_b

coefficient

Cl.___
c
= /_
CLCav

obtained

horseshoe

(28) is lift in units

vortex.

_" )a ,It,
oo_ref

2l(q ooS're
L f_(_)

coefficients,

(24) and

o,[,,n+

CLCav

for an elemental

= (

"_

tqooSref]CL2S

panel

is developed

Sref
n cos

as follows:

(37)
qSCav

where

Car

24

S,'r
b

(38)

and
T

Sref
2Sn cos _Cav

(39)

so that
c/c

CLCav
At a particular

T
CL

spanwise

to span-load
vortex

[
qooSref

(40)

location,

coefficients

each

of these

by the following

lifts

are

equations:

summed

For

lift

chordwise

along

the

and

converted

spanwise

bound

filament,

(41)
= T i=_ \qSref/i

For

lift

along

the

chordwise

bound

vortex

= T i_\qccSref/i

Figure

5 shows

tions

(41) and

combined

the

at the wing

results

of equations

mation

for

culation

the

wise

a result

(41) and

continuous
the

of each

is computed

here

In order
distribution
the appropriate

(42).

that

of span-load
to determine

which

results

spanwise

that

over

terms

vortices

directly;
combined

the wing

or span-load
lift along
the

its value

at the

now be

coefficient

should
of the

is a finite
span,

each

approxi-

value

vortex.

For

are

correct

terms

bound

the

chordwise

midpoint

of each

in figure

equa-

must

fhe spanwise

lift along

as illustrated

from

combination

of one horseshoe

The

whereas,

span-load

procedure

across

the width

the

obtained

equations

by direct

the vortex-lattice

to determine

then

of these

be obtained

circulation

of horseshoe

coefficients

results

of circulation

the

linearly

The

cannot

Since

value

and is used

span-load

It is assumed

which

average

of lift are

distribution

dihedral.

variation

row

is interpolated
two values

with

of the

distribution.

it is assumed

center

vortices
These

tip,

represents

calculation,
ces

final

C-_

distribution

(42) for a wing

to get the

be zero

at the

spanwise

filament,

5 to give

the

of cirthis
only
vorti-

bound
row.
final

span-

coefficients.
the

from
moment

damping-in-roll

parameter

the antisymmetrical
arm.

This

span

combination

of wings
loading

with

must

dihedral,

be combined

can be expressed

the

lift

with

as

25

_/2

N/2
(43)

Cl=

q_

b[ Z
ref _=i

([t_t) n + n.._l (/s_S)n_

=

and, thus,
8Cl
Clp

Section

8(_-_U)

2.

Lift

C1

(44)

57r/180

and Pitching

and Rolling

Moments

of Horseshoe
The
wings

computation

which

All the

have

no dihedral

lift is generated

ment

since

there

panel,

the

lift per

will

the

length

cos

the

lift per

Filament

of the wing

velocity

or backwash

output

is described

crossing

in this

the spanwise

velocities.

For

a single

data

for

section.

vortex

fila-

elemental

is

g,

(45)
is

2s/cos

_p, the

resultant

lift is given

by

(46)

of span

is defined

by

(47)

is nondimensionalized

a chordwise

rolling-moment

pUF

in the
2

q_Cav
For

any portion

of vorticity

Spanwise

t_

unit

l =B=
2s
and

over

and

2s
COS

Then,

length

of vorticity

^ ~
l=lm

pitching-moment,

be no sidewash

Only

Vortex

lift,

by the free-stream

unit

/'= pUF
Since

of the

Using

following

form

for later

use

as

(48)

Cav U
row

(49)
Car

26

ca i

The

total

lift

coefficient

CL=_

or approximately

is obtained

by integrating

the

lift over

the

span

as given

by

(50)

_d
Cav

Sre f
by

N/2
CL

The
terms

lift-curve

slope

obtained
The

8 rn

=S-_ef

per

at 1 rad

longitudinal

(51)
-_'-Sn

radian

is obtained

angle

of attack.

stability

about

from

_/-axis

a lift coefficient

is given

based

on the

circulation

by

N/2
ra,n
8Cm = _
8C L
Cref

XS ,nSn

n=l
N/2

(52)

_ Fa,_._._
n sn
U
n= 1
The

pitching

moment

at zero

lift is
N/2

Cm =

The

center

8
CrefSref

of pressure

I
rtc'n
=n_l
_

in a spanwise

A
Xs'nSn--direction

_Cm
8CL

CL,tc

(53)

is

N/2
U
1
Ycp = b/2

Ys,nSn
(54)

n:l
N/2
Fa,n sn
--'U-n=l

27

The

span-load

coefficient

is

J
b_
2

i=l

c/c

same

(55)

N/2

C LCav

The

ri
U

_ --_
Fn Sn
n= 1

procedure

used

to compute

the

dihedral
can be used to compute
C/p
for
contribution
of the chordwise
bound vortex

and

damping-in-roll

zero-dihedral
is eliminated.

parameter

for

wing planforms
Thus,
equation

wings

with

except
that the
(43) becomes

likewise
Cl

Czp

5_/180

(57)

Section
This
the

final

section

output.

due to pitch
of attack
tional

for

span
The

the

strengths

These

rate,

the

the

desired

load
pitch

boundary

of the

program
data

drag

lift

Data

l_reparation

to compute

the last

the damping-in-pitch
parameter,

coefficient,

the

the
basic

portion

of the

parameter,

angle
span

of attack
load

the

listed

in

lift coefficient

for zero

distribution,

data

lift,
and

the

angle

the addi-

distribution.
derivatives

employed

Cmq

Output

is used

include

induced

condition
are

3.

aCm
/qc\

can be computed

values

which

to compute

_-

a_U)

Cm
57r Cref

180

by using

the

represent

a constant

CL

Cm

and

which,

vortex
pitching
in turn,

strengths

obtained

motion.
are

used

These

with
vortex

as follows:

(58)

and
aCL
CLq
28

CL

= a/qct2-U_
J
1805_Cref2

(59)

In this
field

paper,

methods.

induced

The

the Treffetz

plane

expressed

drag

far-field

parameters

method

by Munk

are

is based

and the induced

mathematically

computed

by both

on the lifting-line

drag

parameter

far-field

and

concepts

thereby

near-

employed

obtained

in

can be

as

(60)

CD,i =
--22
_1 7_ i dT?
CL 2
C L Sre f -1

This
and

equation

has

is programed

tion

(60) can give

guide

for

taken

into account.

erence

wings

been

reformulated

here

in the

good

results

19 or the
without

dihedral,

large

number

of chordwise

lating

procedure

curve

fit between

cient

elemental

of data

dii
q_o
where

the

dihedral
thrust

lift

= _

t
q_

induced

bound

vortex

bound
should

be noted

circulation

used

that

is the

near

This

the wing

the induced
thrust

induced
far-field

Even

method

since

sin'l_

curve

fit requires
the

in ref-

drag.

with

tip where

is

developed

specified

drag

is based

for

when

the interpo-

was

a linear
that

gradient

a suffi-

of the

on combining

for

each

as follows:

is computed

by equation

(28) for planforms

with

by using
components

_ -

(48) for

dihedral.

the Kutta-Joukowski
parallel

planforms
The

leading-edge

theorem

to the Y-Z

plane

without

where
interact

the
with the

equation
one

(62)

a,rad

chordwise
there

included
this

points.

for the
are

of

the

loadings

as follows:

of the

however,

filament

vortices

as that

only as a

ot F
_ tan

In contrast,
vortex

(24) and

is no contribution

thrust.

1/q_

filament

to compute

span

Equa-

(61)

velocity

-_

There

for

is computed

and free-stream

spanwise

of data

be available

of span

unit of span

such

formula
18.

be used

of the

a method

the variation

and leading-edge

and by equations
per

but should

displacement

be used

his quadrature
in reference

greatest.

q_

per unit

(146)

dihedral

of horseshoe

computation
lift

in part,

can only be expected

pairs

points

the

should

results
rows

without

dihedral,

to represent

is the

near-field
panel

method

using,

by equation

no vertical

having

consecutive

curve

The

wings

good

chosen

number

7 - sin'l_

since

near-field

wings

presented

for wings

with dihedral,
For

by Multhopp

form

bound

vortex

is a contribution

in the induced
is evaluated

due to the additional

drag

filaments
of the

term.

(See

at an angle
loading

to the

lift due
eqs.

of attack

leading-edge

to the

chordwise

(6) and (24).)

of 1 rad

and

It
that

the

only.

29

These results are then summedalong eachchordwise row to get the following section leading-edgethrust:

c c,

2-_ = 2-_

(63)

From

equation

(63) the

section

suction

coefficient

is computed

as

(64)
Then,

the section

induced

Cd,iic

drag

= a__ c/c

for a chordwise

row

__CavSref\vLa]ra
d[r_ _

the near-field

solution

for

vortices

is

ctc

_LCa-----_/_
Finally,

of horseshoe

(65)

the induced

drag

parameter

is

Ns

CD, ii

4b

_'/Cd'iic_

CL---_ = Sref(CLa)_ad

In addition,

the

leading-edge

Ns

thrust

k___lt2--_:-Jk

and

(66)
s k cos

suction

+k

coefficients

are

computed

similarly

as

/^^\

CT- 2 7 I_t_l2Skcos_k

(67)

Sre f k/-___l
\2b ]k
and

Ns
CS

The

2
= _Sref

angle

V' /CSC\k2Sk
k___l_-_)

of attack

for

zero

cosq_ k

lift is computed

(68)

by

CL,tc
ab =

The angle of attack

required
for the additional
loading
duce the input value of the desired
lift coefficient
is
3O

(69)

CL_
and

basic

loading

combined

to pro-

(70)

CL, d +
_d = CL _

The basic
coefficient
tal

panel

load

due

is zero.

to twist

This

load

and/or

camber

is obtained

from

is the
the

load

values

on the wing
of

c/C/Car

when
for

the

each

lift
elemen-

as follows:

(71)
c
Equation
basic

(71) is then

load

summed

CL,a

for

each

chordwise

row

for the

span

load

distribution

of

to give

J
(72)
\Cav]B

The

span

load

distribution

In addition,
_- are

the

listed

at the input

c,c,

CavJd

Cl/CL,

i,b

span
where

incremental

load
the

pressure

(Plower

the

pressure

of desired

lift

coefficient

(73)

i,a

distribution
lift

coefficients

coefficient

- Pupper)
q_

is assumed

is

CL, d

ClClCL,_.Cav
are

based

and local
on the

coefficient
CL, _ is based on the true
of local chord ratio
C/Cav.

_Cp, n =
Since

loading
and the total lift
listed is the distribution
The

value

is defined

lift=coefficient

lift due
planform

ratio

only to additional
area

ST.

as

to be uniform

(74)

over

an elemental

panel,

(Z/C)n
_Cp, n =
which

is used

expressed

in the

(75)

q_
program.

Also

For

planforms

without

dihedral,

equation

(75) can be

as
31

_Cp'n

pUFn/Cn
qoo

EFFECT

2 Fn
= Cn U

(76)

OF VORTEX-LATTICE

ARRANGEMENT

AERODYNAMIC

Several
effect

sets

of the

The

first

bination

vortex-lattice

four
with

results

sets

and

CD,i/CL

variation

of

2.

Ycp
The

toward
The

lattice

of taper

variations

of 1.0 and
ratios

sions.

of

Ycp

answers.

For

these

to a particular

of

value

and

7.

in com-

Calculated
smaller

8Cm/aCL,

arrangement

and

is presented

indicate

2, and

that

for

increasing

CD,ii/CL

data

of chordwise

indicate
rows

with

with

sweep

planforms,

is sufficient

planforms

a leading-edge

simple

angles

arrangements,

CLq ,

unswept

These

number

sweep

the

Ns

N c.

7 for
with

characteristics.

of 2, 4.5,

data

CD,i/CL

planforms

in the

than

for all

in figure

aerodynamic

ratios

These

and 0, respectively.

increase

CL_

6.

to determine

vortex-lattice

vortex-lattice

8Cm/SCL,

8 to 10 for

to converging

vergence

for

aspect

produced

with

investigated

leading-edge

different

1.0 in figure

presented

of 1.0, 0.5,

for

for
are

Ycp

CLd

are

A spanwise

leads

results
of

in figures

that

been

computed

two prescribed

ratios

show

ratio

converging

arrangement

taper

taper

of

wings

leads

different

have

on the

had

planforms

CD,ii/CL

planforms

of planforms

three

CHARACTERISTICS

arrangement

for these

variations

unswept

of lifting-surface

ON COMPUTED

vortex-

a taper

angle

of 45 and

the following

of horseshoe
the

Ns

conclu-

vortices

required

for convergence

ratio

of

for

Ns
con-

8Cm/aCL

and

CD,i/CL
2_

and

should

be 20 or larger.

Also,

the

computed

values

of

CL(_,

OCm/aCL,,

and
Nc

CD,ii/CL
controls

varying

Differences
with

used.

the

asymptotic

levels

increasing

that
levels

can

provide
results

of

CD,i/CL
2_

these

of

Nc

additional

which

Therefore,

an
effect

improvement

indicate

that

and

CD,ii/CL
2_

-Nc

In particular,

on

for

Nc

value

8Cm/8C

Nc
levels

of 2 should
however,
L

effect

Ns

with
is

consecutive

CL_;

little

when

attain

when

in asymptotic
Nc

in
has

result

occur

difference

little

Nc.

characteristics

largest

have

upon

a converged

levels

the

1 to 2.

dependence

aerodynamic

approach

and

from

values

a definite

asymptotic
Nc

Nc

calculated

levels

have

between

Higher

to 4 or more

contrast,

instances

asymptotic

by increasing

minimum
Nc

These

decrease

obtained

in most

the asymptotic

Ns.

increased.
ues

on

and

is
be the

increasing
CD,ii/CL

CD, i /CL 2.

is greater

val-

than

2. In
The

20 can

be

compared

with

those

of

1/_A.

This

comparison

shows

that

CD,i/CL

converges

to

value
manner
32

greater

than

to a value

1/_A,
less

than

as expected,
1/_A.

whereas

CD,ii/CL

converges

in a less

uniform

Since

CD,ii/CL

ct

and

Cl, these

son

can be made

A = 4
that

delta

the

wing

shape

and
been

shown

in figure

lead

of chordwise

camber

loading

tion

of section

To determine
inboard

the

an aspect

ratio

C/p,

a large

value

row.

For

estimating

a nominal

.for this

of

set

complex

very

little

variation

However,

there

patterns

values

tail.

These

with

uniform

Nc.

These

because

all values
of vortex

of
Nc

results

were

Nc
of

Ns

pattern

of

Nc

can be shown,
Ns
caused

for

noticeable

considered,
used

uniform

with

results

be

distribu-

7 to 10 show

C/p,

Cmq,

sweep

two trends.

Nc

and

planform

vortices

how

CLq ,

having

an

angle

of 62 ,

For

estimating

(Nc) in each

(8 or more)

is desirable

ranging

in

with

changes

especially

Nc

between
Nc

(fig.

three
of

has

little

values

on the outboard

of

on

levels
of

N s.

with

wing

of
panel

used

on the

The

results

increasing

in figure

0Cm/aC

Nc.

type

and

to those

effect

asymptotic

first

wing-body

8Cm/_C

lattice.

Two different
The

values

showed

vortex

12).

variations.
on the

which

Results

in the

to be similar

at the smaller
of

computed

arrangements

changes

variation

by cross-plotting,
of

with

were

17 to 120.

vortices

a large

value

from

these

configuration

characteristics

8Cm/aC

to produce

reveal

the wing-body-tail

vortex-lattice

in combinatign

values

of

aerodynamic

of horseshoe

a given

showed

value

variation

used

on

two horseshoe

CD,i/CL2__

employed

values

only

correct

in figures

leading-edge

22 different

Ycp, and

row

directly,

the

double-delta

studies

made
The

on a semispan

at each

increasing

were
4.

by using

Nc

distribution

increasing

studies

were

coeffi-

10.

2, 3, and

significant

of the induced
thrust

slope

by which

large

planforms.

a cropped

CLq , a large

results

The

effect

in

computer

for the

wings.

the

an

closely

the induced-drag

arrangement

with

with at least

of 8 or

CL_ ,

is a very

of vortex

Ns

of vortices
of

simple

of these

and

configuration

number

some

of 83 , an outboard

is desired

will

for

It can be seen

the correct

presented

angle
Results

cases

results

made

of computer

a total

uniform

of

Ns

a compari-

additional

lift-curve

a method

of vortex-lattice

Cmq

in sample

had

types

Ns

for

and

and

provides
The

even

drag

Nc

so that

on

based

computed

used

delta

Although

were

of 1.49.

value

A final
illustrated

effect

sweep

and

with

check

studies

leading-edge

check

wings

are

compare

From
pattern

for other

account.

of

methods

results.

on such

induced

thrust

14) methods.

N s = 12

results

into

be obtained.

this

computer

taken

combination

can

it is to make

additional

reasonable

This

(ref.

thrust
and

is necessary

methods.

thrust

overall

(66) which
However,

of section

by the two different

the far-field

appropriate

(65) and

be overpredicted.

Wagner's

Nc = 10

provides

from

may

and

the

can be properly

for both

difficult

that

equations

the distribution

predicted

stations

be obtained

same

ct

to comparable

found

11 also

number

the

that

11 between

magnitudes

it has

the

by using

by the vortex-lattice

studies

by finding

indicate

in figure

resulting

can

is computed

results

general

cient

7
but

OCm/OC L
The
and

second

for
type

outboard

33

tail panel and then used an increased density of elemental panels on the inboard portion
of the planform. The increased density is illustrated in the input data for sample case 2.
The purpose of these additional inboard elemental panels was to make their chords more
uniform. This type of vortex pattern virtually eliminated the variation of aCm/_CL
with Nc. These computedresults agree with unpublishedexperimental data for this
conliguration to within 0.01X/Cref andindicate that goodresults can be obtainedfor
complex planforms with large changesin chord by arranging the pattern of elemental
panels so that the largest panel chords are no more than two to three times the smallest
panel chords.
SAMPLE

Sample
able.

cases

Sketches

listings

are

Sample

case

have

been

prepared

of the sample

provided

cases

in appendix

to illustrate

along

C.

CASES

of the

with corresponding

The

sample

cases

Configuration

most

program

input

are

options

data

and

output

Fixed

sweep

wing

with

data

as follows:

Description

70

avail-

Page

dihedral

and twist

and

46

camber
2

13

Wing-body-tail

with variable

Nc

48

113

Wing-body-tail
combination
with variable
and tail incidence
of -10

Nc

48

110

Wing-body-tail

sweep

48

of wing
5

15

Cropped
twist

combination

combination

outer

camber

wing

with

variable

to illustrate

drag

Nc
polar

and

50

option

215

Cropped
double-delta
computation

wing

to illustrate

C/p

50

315

Cropped

wing

to illustrate

CLq

50

and

double-delta
Cmq

computation

C ONC LUDING

A FORTRAN

computer

lifting

surfaces

in subsonic

output

variables.

Also,

equations

34

variable

panel

double-delta
and

with

has

been

given.

program
compressible

a detailed
The

for

estimating
flow has

description

program

REMARKS

has

the aerodynamic
been

of the
been

described

program

used

characteristics
along

organization

to compute

with

the input

of
and

and programed

the aerodynamic

characteristics for several configurations that were selected to showthe range of planforms to which the program may be applied. In addition, results from parametric studies
of the effects of vortex-lattice
arrangement
on some of the computed
aerodynamic
characteristics
vided
the
wing

are

presented.

as guidance
number

From

in determining

of horseshoe

planform

these
the

vortices

or to represent

results,

number

chordwise
a more

the

following

recommendations

of spanwise

rows

in each

to use

complex

row

planform

are

of horseshoe

such

pro-

vortices

to represent

and

a simple

as a wing-body-tail

combination:
1. For

simple

planforms,

(a) use

at least

20 spanwise

rows

and

four

horseshoe
I

vortices

chordwise

for

good

values

of

CLa _

/_CM/aCL,_

Ycp, and

CD,i/CL2

, and

(b) use

a vortex-lattice

inasmuch
CS

as a desirable

is difficult
2. For

horseshoe

vortices

number

more

Langley

than

similar

arrangement

because

planform,

gives

it is very

use

a large

answers

for good

dependent

number

for

values

on the

of spanwise

CD, i
of

CD,ii

and
,

CD,ii
CT,

and

planlorm.
rows

and at least

two

chordwise.

a pitching

planform,

use

eight

to 10 spanwise

rows

and eight

or more

horse-

chordwise.

4. For
the

a rolling

which

vortex-lattice

to determine

vortices

3. For
shoe

arrangement

wing-body-taft
of horseshoe

a factor

Research
National

combinations,
vortices

of 2 to 3 from

use

chordwise
the

smallest

at least
so that
to the

10 to 15 spanwise

the local

panel

chords

rows
differ

and vary
by no

largest.

Center,
Aeronautics

Hampton,

Va.,

and Space
October

28,

Administration,
1970.

35

APPENDIX

INPUT

DATA

GROUP

The
is called
the left

input

for by the
half

intercept

the

root

Data

for the

computer

program.

planform.

with

E = 0
chord,

the wind.

required

of the wing

coincides

Although
at the

data

the

intercept

it may
cards

use

for the

first

card

chord

usually

a format
are

axis

root

chord;

of (8F10.6)

for

group

Number

of sets

CREF

Reference

for

of the

configuration

only

and

in figure
the

intersection
X

that

be given

for

right

is positive

The

it

_ =0

wing.

leading

edge

pointing

into

one data.
order:
use

specified

1 or 2

for

the

to nondimensionalize

must

order

1.

of the

configuration;

two data

is used

area

the

should

along

in the following

of group

terms

Reference

pointing

the

in the

slopes

is given

along

TOTAL

chord

used

with the

of planforms

chord

and

is positive

to be supplied

moment

is described

coincides

Number

SREF

system

and

PLAN

This

planform

All coordinates

lie anywhere

All the

ONE

reference

The

root

be greater

than

configuration

the

pitching-

zero.

of the configuration

This

area

is used

data

such

as lift and

only to nondimensionalize
pitching

moment

the

computed

output

be greater

than

and must

zero.
The
initial

card

data

required

in this

set

AAN (IT)

to define

each

is composed

planform

Number

of line

planform

location
The

YS (IT)
RTCDHT

y
(IT)

axis

location

Vertical
respect

then

used

not include

of 24 line
of the

pivot;

system

used

of the
distance

pivot;

provided

to define
plane

of cards.

use

use

root

may

0 on a fixed

is given

in figure

0 on a fixed
planform

chord

left

half

of a wing

of symmetry)

segments

of particular

to the wing

by a set

data:

segments

(does

A maximum
XS (IT)

are

of the following

height;

be used.
wing
1.
wing
being
use

read
0 for

36

iTJri
]i

ii

i_

il

in with
a wing

The

APPENDIX
The
the basic

rest

of this

planform

except

the last

lowing

list:
XREG

set

of data

(variable

card

requires

AAN

of this

set;

(I, IT)

(IT)).

the

one

A
card

All data

last

card

location

DIH

(I, IT)
(I, IT)

breakpoint

left

wing

leading

location

angle

point

AMCD

The

edge

always

to

i + 1; positive

the

movable

line

which

F5.1,
used

third

section

the loading

F10.4).
in each

The

is used

when

of up to 15 cards,

second

and

third

Section
CONFIG

use
are

line,

the

of line

dihedral

panel

from

angle

the line

of a variable-sweep

is fixed

numin

break-

is not defined;

or 2 for

a line

group

two data.

requires

section

is required

card

same;

has

a twist

on the

number

a format

wing.
which

The

This

is not the

segment

i
Use

is on
1 for

is movable.

TWO

for

which

whether

is desired.

when

details

section

the

number

of horseshoe

distribution

of horseshoe

vortices.

con-

of (8F5.1,

of two or more

camber

must

of the particular
a format

it consists

and/or

first

and
The

vor-

cards.

The

may

cards

conin the

of (8F10.4).

to be supplied
An arbitrary

are

of lines

upward

the

the wing

They

intersection

plane

describes

depending

sections

one data

card

row

chord.

each

of the

lines.

indicates

be used

second

chordwise

in the fol-

code

number

may

on all

two variables

root

for

in Y-Z

a streamwise

move

it is a single

for which

tices

sist

of data

be included;

figuration
F10.4,

sections

required

at the intersection

with the

order

(degrees)

GROUP
Three

to define

direction.

0 for these

This

are

used

of ith breakpoint

Dihedral

Along

first

is located

in increasing

use

segment

of ith breakpoint

first

line
below

only the

a counterclockwise
YREG

each

described

uses

The

bered

for

in the following

order:

configuration

number

of chordwise

horseshoe

which

may

include

up to four

digits
SCW

The

number

represent
If set
vortices
This
dihedral

the wing;

a mammum

to 0, then

a table

from

tip to root

SCW = 0

option

and for

vortices

coplanar

value

of the number
must

of 20 may
of chordwise

be provided

can be used
wing-tail

to be used

to

be used
horseshoe

as TBLSCW

only on wings

(I).

without

combinations.
37

APPENDIX
VIC

The nominal number

A
of spanwise rows at which chordwise

horseshoe vortices will be located

The variable VIC must not cause more
to be used by the program
the product of SSW

than 50 spRnwise rows

to describe the wing.

and SCW

In addition,

cannot exceed 120. If SCW

then the sum of the values in TBLSCW

is 0,

(1)cannot exceed 120.

The use of the variable VIC is discussed in detailin Part I,

Section 3 of the Program
Mach

MACH

Description.

number

Use a value other than 0 only if the Prandtl-Glauert compressibilitycorrection factor fl= _I - Moo 2
should be less than the criticalMach

is to be applied. It

number.

Desired fir coefficient

CLDES

The number

specified here is used to obtain the span load

distributionat a particular liftcoefficient. If this answer is

not required, use 1 for this quantity. If a drag polar for

CL

values from -0.1 to i is desired, use 11 for this quantity.

PTEST

C/p indicator
If the damping-in-roll parameter

is desired, use 1 for this

quantity. Except for the incremental pressure coefficients

and

C/p, allother aerodynamic

if C/p
QTEST

data will be omitted.

Use 0

is not desired.

CLq
and Cmq
indicator
If these stabilityderivatives are desired, use 1 for this quantity. Except for

ACp,

CLq , and

Cmq,

all other aerody-

namic data will be omitted. It should be noted that both

PTEST

and QTEST

cannot be set equal to 1 for a particular

configuration. Use 0 if CLq

TWIST

(1)

Twist

code for

If this
When

planform
this

for this
SA (1)

Specify

fixed
38

code

has

and

for

planform,

are not desired.

this

for

the first

use

camber,
section

a value

use

a value

for the

first

of O.
of 1

three.

planform

angle

fixed

quantity

camber,

and/or

data

sweep
to the

and/or

twist

provide

angle

adjacent

no twist
has

leading-edge

line

Cmq

planform

planform

Variable-sweep

able

first

and

(degrees)

portion
may

of the

be omitted.

planform.

movFor

APPENDIX A
TWIST (2)

Twist codefor the secondplanform

SA (2)

Variable-sweep angle for the secondplanform

Sectiontwo data are required if SCWis 0. Data for the first variable go on the
first card and data for the secondvariable go on the secondandfollowing cards. The
data to be supplied are
STA

Total number of spanwiserows of horseshoevortices per

semispan
This variable sets the number of values of TBLSCW (I) to be
read in.

TBLSCW(I)

Number of horseshoevortices in each row starting at the row

near the tip of the first planform and proceedingto the row
near the root
If a secondplanform has been specified, the table of chordwise rows concludeswith number of horseshoevortices in
eachrow of the secondplanform. For an example, see
sample case 2.

Sectionthree data are described as follows: If the configuration has no twist

and/or camber, the local angles of attack are not specified since the program will set
them equal to 0. If the configuration consists of two planforms, local angles of attack
may be specified for both or only one of the two planforms. The twist codedescribes
the input to the computer.
ALP (NV)

Local angles of attack in radians

These are the values at the control point for eachhorseshoe
vortex on the wing when the root-chord angle of attack is 0.
These data will usually require several cards. For the first
value on the first card, use the local angle of attack for the
horseshoevortex nearest the first planform leading edge at
the tip; for the secondvalue, use the angle of attack for the
horseshoevortex immediately behindin a chordwise direction. Continue with the rest of the chordwise
row of horseshoe

vortices

chordwise
angles

at the tip;
row

of attack

then

in the same
for all

the

continue
manner

control

inboard
to the

points

at the

next

root

until

local

have

been

specified.

39

APPENDIX

OUTPUT

The printed
data

and

results

aerodynamic

of this

computer

DATA

program

The

geometry

first

group

to describe
points,
data

sweep

The
namic
tion,

root

dihedral
sweep

are

group
being

and the

reference

The

third

group

to represent

the

describing

one

ber

of attack
presented

X C/4

of the

they

codes.

are

These

wing

data

planform

where

data

the

numbers

are

input

the

a listing

for

which

used

break-

of the

the

the

z-), the

primarily

the outer

of lines

lists

number,

y, and

listed

printout.

input

data.

plat, form

(E,

are

on the

and then

configuration

planform

These

found
the

position

from

the

are

It states

pivot

the particular

of the

aerody-

sweep

sweep

for

posi-

and

variable-sweep

panel

sweep

is different

of the

horseshoe

planform.
presents

of the

provided.
each

a detailed

These

panel

for

move

describes

planform.

are

and

is computed

codes.

of data

elemental

and

that

planform:

Included

move

a definition

basic

order

height,

which

of data

of the

are

angles,

computed.

that

of data

the

angle

DATA

in the

chord

of the breakpoints

angles,

angles

described

describes

and

to provide

from

are

for the

a listing

wings

used

of data

second

data

dihedral

data

the planform,

except

geometry

in two sections:

data.
GEOMETRY

The

appear

data
wing

(See

are
in the

ALP

elemental

description
listed

in nine

same

order

columns
that

(NV) in appendix

the

A.)

with
twist

The

vortices
each
and/or

following

line
camitems

panel:

location

of quarter-chord

at horseshoe

vortex

midspan
X 3C/4

location

of three-quarter-chord

at horseshoe

midspan
This

4O

is the

location

of the

control

location

of horseshoe

vortex

midspan

location

of horseshoe

vortex

midspan

Semiwidth

C/4 SWEEP
ANGLE

Sweep

angle

of horseshoe

vortex

of quarter-chord

point.

vortex

APPENDIX
DIHEDRAL
ANGLE

Dihedral

LOCAL ALPHA
IN RADIANS

Local

angle

DELTA
CP AT
DESIRED
CL =

ACp

for

Thefour_
REF.

angle

Average

TRUE

True

area

True

AR

True

of geometry

data

MACH

Mach

NUMBER

aerodynamic

out.

Note

that

the

specified

CL_ ,
reference

DESIRED

data

are

CL,Twist,

aspect

true

ratio

and

aspect

area

divided

by true

span)

planform

listed

in second

listed

in second

group

of

computed

true

ratio

from

reference

true

planform

plan-

span

computed

from

area

span

number

described

DATA

in the order

8Cm/SCL,

that

Cmo,

they

CD,i/CL2

are
, and

found

on the print-

CL, d

are

based

in input

data

for

desired

lift coeffi-

on

dimensions.

CL

Desired

lift

ALPHA

CL,d/CLd
cient

CL(WB)

CL,d

data

complete
COMPUTED

lift is

data:

of planform

AERODYNAMIC

The

wing

area

area

and

(X 3C/4,Y,Z)

when

planform
from

Reference

AR

(true

semispan

form
TRUE

panel

computed

geometry
REF.

point

of wing

chord

Reference

B/2

at control

elemental

chord

group
AREA

panel

_llowinggeometric

C AVERAGE

REF.

each

Reference

AREA

of elemental

of attack

groupofdatapresentsthe

CHORD

That

coefficient
configuration
angle

of attack

where

is developed

portion

of desired

the planform
planforms
When
lift

specified

one

with
are

lift coefficient
the maximum

developed

by

span

when

two

this

is the

desired

specified

planform

is specified,

coefficient.

41

APPENDIX
CDI AT CL(WB)

Induced drag coefficientfor liftcoefficientin previous

item
When

two planforms are specified, this is the

induced drag coefficientof only the planform with

the maximum

span.

This result is based on the

far-fieldsolution (see Part III,Section 3).

CDI/(CL(WB)**2)

Induced drag parameter

computed from the two pre-

vious items
I/(PI*AR)

Induced drag parameter

for an ellipticload distribu-

tion based on reference aspect ratio

_Lift-curve slope per radian
_ift-curve slope per degree

CL ALPHA

Lift coefficientdue to twist and/or camber

CL(TWIST)

angle
AT CL = 0

ALPHA

of attack

Angle

of attack

Nonzero
Y CP

CM/CL

chordwise

2Y/B

row

Location

in fraction

chord

to center

of pressure

left
next

two columns

lift coefficient

about

vortices

of midpoint

of each

wing

of data

of 1 (based

of semispan
tip toward

describe

the

on the total

the

on left

parameter

is specified
from

wing

based

at

following

chordwise

locations

root

panel

on a moment

data

row

are

CL = 0
are

presented:

of horseshoe

listed

vortices

sequentially

from

near

root
additional

lift achieved

(or angle
and the

CL RATIO

Ratio

of local

lift

C RATIO

Ratio

of local

chord

LOAD

Distribution
camber

camber

of semispan

coefficient

Span-load

DUE

and/or

_r-axis

SL COEF

TO TWIST

42

stability

of horseshoe

in fraction

twist

distance

Pitching-moment

At each

lift in degrees

Spanwise

center

The

at zero

only when

Longitudinal

CMO

at zero

coefficient,

true

wing

wing

loading

at a

area).

ClC/CLCav

to total

lift,

to average

of span-load
at 0 angle

of attack)

c//C L
chord,

coefficient
of attack

c/Cav
due

to twist

and

APPENDIX
ADD.

LOAD

AT

Distribution

CL =

BASIC

B
of additional

to produce

LOAD

AT

twist

and

This

distribution

Basic

CL=0

zero

span-load

lift when

coefficient

combined

with

required

lift

due to

camber
is computed

span-load-coefficient

at

CL,tc.

distribution

at zero

lift

coefficient
These

data

are

the sum

of the

previous

two columns

of data.
SPAN

LOAD

DESIRED
SL COEF
CHORD

AT

Distribution

CL

additional

FROM
BD

of combination

Portion

VOR

span-load

bound

span

coefficients

of span-load

wise

of basic

coefficient

vortices

and

at desired
due

averaged

load

CL

to lift along

at horseshoe

chord-

vortex

midspan
In addition,

at each

presented

for induced

computed

at an angle

chordwise

drag,
of attack

row

leading-edge
of 1 rad

of horseshoe
thrust,
from

vortices,

and

the

suction

a near-field

following

coefficient

solution

data

are

characteristics

for the

additional

loading (see Part HI, Section 3).

L. E. SWEEP

ANGLE

Leading-edge

sweep

CDII C/2B

Nondimensional
term

CT

Nondimensional

C/2B

coefficient
CS C/2B

Nondimensional

cos

from

vortices,
CS

Contribution

section

leading-edge

thrust-

leading-edge

suction-

section

row

Contribution
cient

induced-drag-coefficient

to total

spanwise

CT

section

term

Contribution

Cd,ii(2s

in degrees

term

coefficient
CDH

angle

drag

coefficient

of horseshoe

from

each

vortices,

_b)/(qooSref)
to total

leading-edge

each

spanwise

ct(2s

cos

to total

row

thrust

coeffi-

of horseshoe

)/(qooSref)
suction

spanwise

row

of horseshoe

Cs(2S cos

_b)/(qooSref

coefficient

from

each

vortices,

43

APPENDIX B
Finally, the total coefficient values are listed.
CDII/CL**2

Induced-drag
field

CT

1 rad

1 rad

For
omitted

omitted

44

CASE
the

and
For

angle

Leading-edge

THIS

where

only CLP

the

and

case

IS FINISHED

case

angle

End of output
is 1, all

from

near-

the foregoing

thrust

coefficient

computed

at

of attack
suction

coefficient

computed

at

of attack
for

a particular

configuration

aerodynamic

output

data

are

aerodynamic

output

data

are

is printed.

where

only CMQ

PTEST

computed

solution

Leading-edge

CS

parameter

QTEST

and CLQ

is 1, all the
are

printed.

foregoing

APPENDIX

SAMPLE

Input
presented
Sample

data,

sketches,

in the following

and output

data

CASES

for

the sample

cases

described

on page

34 are

order:

case

Configuration

Item

70

Input

70

Sketch

Page

data

2,3,4

13,113,110

Input

2,3,4

13,113,110

Sketch

5,6,7

15,215,315

Input

5,6,7

15,215,315

Sketch

46
47

data

48
49

data

50
51

70

Output

data

52

13

Output

data

59

113

Output

data

67

110

Output

data

74

15

Output

data

80

215

Output

data

86

315

Output data

89

These sample cases reflect the fact that the central processing time for a case is
generally
sent

the

Data

6600

proportional
left

to the

half

of a planform.

computer

system

Sample

case

square

of the

Some
are

number

typical

times

of horseshoe
for

the

vortices

sample

cases

used

to repre-

with a Control

as follows:
Number

of horseshoe

vortices

Time,

sec

I00

62.6

89

28.7

89

28.7

52

7.4

61

12.1

57

9.0

96

34.8

45

APPENDIX

o
.e,--

.e-

lm

ID
QJ
e.-

3:
I--

O
o.
O

&,.

(.9

(_9

_;ggl

m
leeee

(..)
,.

.--22

"'.'2

E
O

n
O
"4,--

moeeeeeo
_eeeoeo

O
.e-

,.n
.ira,,

Q.
C

''777777

46

APPENDIX

AX

Configuration
Sample

for

Case l

Y
_

47

APPENDIX

.
h..

4-

O
""

a
-

O
,_

(%1

I_

_I"

a,

a,

a,

Q.

O.

Q.

3:
I--

_"

::3

_-

er_

I"

IP UP
4._o
iPr.-

I"

I"

rC2

_j_.

In
O

(o
Q.

E
O

(n
O
,q--

O
ID

CD
4"-

O.
c

48

ii
I

,_J

_;

APPENDIX

Configuration
Sample

for

Cases 2 and 3

Configuration
Sample

for

Case4

Y
+

Pivot

Pivot

49

APPENDIX

U9
4-"

ul
C)

Q.

Ul

(I)

(.Dr,--

F-

Q.

(2.

U9

(.9

_O_OQO_
iJooeee

OO0000_
oeeeelo

"I0
C:

(.o
tD
ul
(1;
(01
C3

(...)
OJ
,,.,,

E
0

c_
I,..

0
'14.-

0
.4,0

,4

:3
(:1.
C

5O

EE

It..

r_

c.)o

._z_nTn_

APPENDIX

Configura

lion

for

Sample Cases 5,6 and 7

X
Y
v

51

APPENDIX

0
o
0
0
0

II

II

O0000000
00000000

e0e0meo0

,,,,,,''

w
Z

uJ

z
000000000
00000o000
0oo000ooo

gN

g_2gg2d_d
IIIIllt

00000000o
000000o0o
000_000o0
0_00000
D_e_e_eDe
00__

IIIIII
Z
II
0
I

_D

_C

0
[D

52

APPENDIX

Z
N

O0

_r

00000000

0
0

_
_J

00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000

_o
Iz

dJ_g_ild

%u
X:

O
ku
e'_

u_

w
_J

O
U
_Z

r_

,,,
u_

'T

eee*eeme

.H
,,.J

.J

-4

3:

Z
Z
C
z

dd_gdl;dd
2z
0

I!
_"
L,_

O
U

u,l
000000000
0000o0o00
0000o0000

,-4

:D
s_l

Iltilll

O
O

00o000000
000000000
0o0_00000
0_00000

IIIIII
Z
0

53

APPENDIX

:r_a

_D

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
O_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
I!11111111111111111tlt11111111tll

_z

UJ

_
_

000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
OOOOOOOOOOO000OO00000OOOO00000000
000000000000000000000000000000000

O
tJ
_U

UJ
N

_L
U.
kNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN_

t.)

000000000000000000000000000000_

h,.
T
O
Z
)O
(D

Z
>-

LU

uJ
<t

N_

,.J
<_
Z
IIIllJJlJll[llilllillllllllli|llJ

Z
0

NNNNNNNNNN__OOOOOOOOOO_

___._____
IIIIIIIIIIIJlllllllllllllllllllll

Illllllllltlllllllll

____lJl__tll
IIIIIIIIII11111111|1

54

IIIIIII

IIIIIII

APPENDIX

OOOOOOO_OOOOOOO_N_OO_OO__OO__OOO_NN_

IV

O
O

|e

I"

O
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
(900000000(9OOOOOO_OOOOO
OO

OOO
_Of_

OO

OOO

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
_O
OOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO

OOO
OOO

OOO

O
O

_4"64

,',',',',';;,',',',',',',';,','i',"
,",',',','_;

000
000
000
000
000

,',',"
; ,",'_

,'__

,'_

oOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OO

o_O

.4J_ gd_d2_d_d

NNN_NN_NNNNNN__OOOOOOOOOONNNN

__OOOOOOO

__OOOOOOO

_2__
,,,,,,,,,,,,,

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

__OOOOOOO

,",',"; ,",",",'; ,",",",',',",",',"; ,'d_

OOO__OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_

IIIIIIit1111111111111111111111111

_0 ,04,4"0'-11-

O'
I

0"
I

,4"NO
N
_"

0
'-'
I

_111111
IIII

_
I

_llllll_lllllll_lllllll_lllt
III

IIII

III

III

64

-I

IIII

,,,Te
I

III

III

III

II

55

APPENDIX

,'."
u_

o
o
O

Qe|omlOele_leeQo

".r

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOO_OOOOOOOOO
00_0000000000000
0000000000000000

_d_,'gddgdddgd

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
0000000000000000

_dd_d_d_d_ddd

0_

,0

.w

O
O

,0
OOOOOO__

O
u,%

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

O
o
O
_m
Z
LU

d_d_d_d_gdddd_d

o"
('J
,0

_
4"
_J

,.%
N

l|lilllll|llllll

p..
IIII_IIIIIIII_
II

II

,0

llll_lllllllll
II

56

_
I

.o
,4)

APPENDIX

_
O
_I

ON_OOOO
gImoo61ola
llllll

_mmJ_io_

Z
(D

r4_

g_

_4

OOOOOOOO

__~_o

_
l--,v

_m00

I"
I,-',-9

_X_
w

_tu
u,.z

mm_0

Lu,,_
CD_
I

2"

_
_

:x

I"

I" I"

I" I' I" I"

U' I"

_O

I"

CO

WZ

w
O

..I _=, z

i,_.i...m. i.,.tm _

L,% um

Z_
o

_
_0
0

_z

CJIJ
w

m
Z

0
_o

II I

Ie

0
0
0

'JJ
.J
_

r_

z
0

llllllllll

57

APPENDIX C

,O.-_
U%0"

0",O
OO

...4,4"
0 ,O
0OUm
_r
,o

I!

_r4
_0r,J
u%N
m

(.J

I.....
z

4N

u'% ..4

r.

4",%
N.-I

.J
P-O
(7',O
O,u%
m,0

II

,4_N

0"O

58

O
w
"mr

APPENDIX

O
O
O
O
o
{3

I!

II

_5
v
)-

u5
w
).

0
0

o
o

O
O

O(D
_r_

,.-4.-_.,

.-_ ,-4 ,.4

0
te

II
T

-_ _

_
_

_
_

OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO

JddJdddJd

_
_

OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO

JJJJjJ

00_0_0

0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000

II

Z
w
O

0_
N-

OOOO_O

!
Z

OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO

d=_g_d_IZ
IIIw_l

I1_1
II

o
_J
c_
o
O

OOO_OOOOOO
OOO_OOOOOO
X

OOON_
OOO_OO

000_000000
000_000000
eleoeo_l_e

_eoeeel

IliJJl!

II

m
II

T
N

Z
II

"1"
0

_3
ILl

0
0

l-0
0

59

APPENDIX

z
_D
N

00
_9

x
J
0
LL
Z

0
_W

OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO

OOOOOOOOOO

OOOOOOOO_

Z
Z

,-%

OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO

Z
0

Z
0

U._

_u

0
0

O
0

_Z
M_

U.
Z
_D

u_

_r
0000000_0
0000_0_0
0000_0_0
0000_0_0

Z
0
%.)

_J
i

_--

I
o

00000000000
00000000000

_
_

0000000000
0000000000

00000000000

0000000000

0
rl

00000000000

0000000000

Z
CD

_D

HI

Z
O

00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000

OOOOoOoooO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOo
OOO_OOOOOO

_D

_u
_
III

IIII!

00000_
00000_00
000000_

O00NO_O0000
000_0_00000
000_0_00000
000_0_00000

_2g2_2_l_gg

0000_0_
!

6O

.-_N

,7

nf-

(D

c%

-%

,004

7
_D
CD

Q.

_.c9

II

IIIIIIIIII

O
"r

O.

APPENDIX

_D

.J

u.

Z
z
Z

w
cu

ED

_n

Q.

cL
Uv

_D

_E
C3

(:3
-r

Lu

.,

Q
"r

i,l,l

61

APPENDIX

_
_Z
_
_

OOooOOoOOOOooooOOoOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OZ

C_
W

n
X
o
L)

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
ee.lee_e.ee-e.eeeomoeeeeeeel.eme,
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OOOOOO

_
O_
_O
_Z
_
O

U
I.L
U.
0

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOO
OO

r,
%J
M
T

oo

OO

oo

O0

8 O0
O0

S OOOOOOo
00000o0

_
_
O0

A__I___

......

_''_

z
)o

b.-

Lu

0
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000

LL
Z
Z

ddddd&_dddddddd_dg_dd_dddd_dddd

L9
Z
0
..,1

O000000000_OO0000000000000000_QO0
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
000000000000000000000000000000o00

tJ

d;dJJJJJJ_igd_J2JJJ__Jd
Illllllll|llJllllllJlllllllllll

4"
x_J

II_lllllll|lllll!lllllll
I

IIIIIlllllllllllll

62

II

II

II

II

III

II

"

APPENDIX

eeoel-eo_eo_oeel_ee_e_eee_ee_eo

eee.e.eeoeee.oee

00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
000000000_0000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000
000000000000_000
0000000000000000
0000_00000000000
0000000000000000

d_d_dgdd_dg_d_d_dd_d_dd_ddd

g_d_dd_d_dgSgd_g

00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000_0000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000

gddd_dddd_g_dg_d_d_dd_dd

ddg_dgddd_ddg

_O_O_m_O0
__0
_eeeoeeeoo_

oeeeoo_eoe_eeoee_oooo

00000000000

000000000000000000000

oo

ooo888

O0

0000o
00000

0000000
0000000
0000000

000000000
000000000
000000000

_0000

00000_

0000000000000__
o00000_
_eooe_ooooeoeoeoeeoeo

.''3_3_

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
ooo
oo
oo

oo_oo
oog oo
oo goo
ooooo_oo_oo__

lllllllOtOOlO@ll@*OOll@lO@lOIOi

00000000000
00000000000
_

0_0000000
000000000
O0

_0

000000000000
000000000000

II

_ONNNN
IIIIIIIII

ll_

oooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooo

llllOOOll_ltgO_t

_
_

0000000000000000
0_00000000000000

_oo_oo_oo

eooe_eoeeee
I|ll|JJ'l|||

_3"''3

oeee_eeeeoe

_o._e_eeeeeeoeee

llll

_
0

__llltllllll
Illlll

__N_O_

_0___

II_
llllllllllllllll

I1_

IN_

I_NN_

I@_NN_

,,

,,???,,777,,r
63

APPENDIX

_u
"
s-

O
O
O
O
O

011e0Jem
O

tJ
-Jr
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000

dddddd_d
O_

OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
_OOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO

g_dd_gdd

o00o00o0
00000000
000o0o0o
_OOO00Q
00000_0o

O
O

dg_ddddd

O
,o

00000000
00000000
00000000
00000_

O
f_

eeel_eo_

00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000

d_gdddd

,,"

u.

0000000o
0000000o
00000000
o0000_

1111!

0_0_0_

IIIIIIII
0

N
LJ

IIIIIIII

64

,Y
(3

0
0
o

,o

APPENDIX

0000000000000000
O0000000OO000CO0

O_
0
_

Z
O

('_ -.*"

..i
C3

_(D
3_
i

O0

oo_

000
o0o

o0oooo0o
0oo0o0o0
Ooooo00c

CO00000000000000
_OOCO000CO00CCO0
O00000CCO0000000
eeeeee_,ee_em,e,
O0_O0000OO000OO0

" o 0000
o'o'0
"'"

d ,,.?-

_0
_II
_

_
_
_
_

00000_0000000000
000000_000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
O00CO0000_O00_O0

00000000
COCO0_O0
00000000
00000000
00000000

OOO0000000000000

_
0

00000000

0000000000000000
0000000000_00_00
O0000000OO000OO0
000_000000000_00
_00_000_000_00

_
_

tb
I--_

_U.
0
I.-t.9

_0
_" ,'.3

..J

4"

OC
4,
_0

I.DW

aIS_
!
O
Z

,_nw

_
_

ddoo_"
" "jJJgdZJJJJd

00000000
00000000
OOCO0000
0_000_00
_0000_00

JJdJJddd

_J,
O

o
_
_

_
II.

_
Z

_.0000000
00000000
00000000

0000000000_00000

00000000

olee_eieem_e_ie

M
_"

t--

00000_0000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000

I_,le_ee

_._..._
z

(D

,'_

,Z

Z:,

,.D
--

I"
O

m4

d_

,.m

Zd

O
,,b

...............

Z_

Nz

_U
U._

U/

I_dJ

.......

o
0

I"

I"

I'

I"

I"

I"

I"

I"

I"

I'

I'

I'

II'I'I"

I'I'

aaaNNNNN

65

APPENDIX C

w
0
tJ_

_eeeee_ee_eeeeee

eeeeo.ee

O_
0
U,-

.e
o_
OOeeeeeOee_eeeee
_J

_O_OOO
_OOOOO
OOOOOOOO
eeee.ee.

z
o-r

Wu_Z

r',,

,vh._
W-"_
_.J ..J

:3u_
m
..-_r
,,'o
z_.
_D

eoeeeeeeoeoe_eee
II

-r

0_
I/%
00

OOOOOOOO
_eeeeeee

III

O.J

UI.I
uJ

,O

k.-b.
ZLL

I--

U_
u.Z
st_t_t_tet_t_t_
0

u5
p-

U,.
2'

--I

_D

_J

U_

iL
_L
w
1:3

O_O_

Z
ku

u5

0
LU
eeeetee0Qeeee_e

OOOOOOOO
ee_.ee_

%L
u5

re.
U,J
"II,.,-

Z
z
(D

"rz

_Z

_J

kkJ
_u
u5

4..)

L)
p(D
_O0000000_NO_
_0000000000__
eeeoe_o_eeseo
_ll

C_
I,,..,

4"
00000000
eeeeoeee

III

0_
wr,,

I,,..
NuU
_Z

oOOOOOOO
II

..J_-

ggg;g&gg

,J
_J

_W
0_
LJ
wO

O__O

Z
|lllllllllllllll

66

eee0eee0
IIIIII|I

u5
M
"I"

APPENDIX

Z
(D

w_

""

O4

n_
r_
U.

,_,
_j
U.

z
Z

_
_
_
_Z

oOoOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OoOoOOOOOO
oOOoOOoOOo
_oOoOOoOO_
leoeeeeweo
OOQO_OO0_O

OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOO
OOOOOoOoO

Z
0

UJ

b_

,m
Q.

o.
Z
0

Z
o
=J

tlJ

u.l

0
Q

0
o

_
_

o
O

.;

OOO_OO_O
ii
Z

,'=4

WJ

_o

tg_ettqgqo

_O

OOOO_O_o
OOOO_O_O
OOOO_o_O
eeeeee_e
OOOO_O_O

_O

pU.
UJ
.J
..J
I,.,-

,,ON

I
O
0
r'_

:Y
Z
(D
Z
"Z

_4

OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOO_OOO
eeoeeee0eee

_
_
_
_
_

OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOO_OOO
.eeoeeseeo

w
,-4
t.9

U.
Z

>-

o00_0o000o0
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO

OOO_O_ooOO
oOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO

d_J_ddJdg

dA_dJ_g;id

_C

III_I
lilt|

OOO_O_OOOOO
OOO_O_OOOOO
OOO_O_O_OOO
OOO_O_O_OOO

OOOOO_
OOOOO_OO
oooooom_

JCdCili/_g_
!

II

llill|llll

_k

67

APPENDIX

u.

J
_t

u,-

0
Z

,%

(D

CJ

Q.

m.
(D

3
'_"

,0

tU
N

(D

,f

CD
"v
tJ
_r
t_
u.J

,_-

7
N

%.)

en
0

tu
u_
(D
i

tu
.,J

APPENDIX

_
_Z
_
_

000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000_00000000000_o0_00000
O0000000000000000000000000000C_O
OOOOOOOCOOOOOO_OOOOOOOOOOO_OOOOO_
0000000000000000000000000000000_0
eooeeeoeeooeoooeeeeeeooosoeeo_eoe
000000000000000000000000000000000

_
_

8_
CD
LL_
"-I
3-

00000oo00000000000000000000000000
00000000o_0000000o00o000000000000
o00000o00000000000000000_0000000
00000000000000000000000000000o000
0oo000o0oo00000000oo00000o0000000
oeeeo_ooeee_ee_e_eeeeeego_oe_eeee
000000000000000000000000000000000

_
o_
_
_Z
_
0

_m
V)

',.9

oo_eo0o0eQoee0ee_,_o0e_e_e_0e0eee

.-4
,-W
u.
I,L
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000_00000000
000_0000000000000000000000000_000

I.I
tJ

3[

Z
Z
Ib.

Z
C5
CD

_"

t.9

gJ

I'%1
(D

000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000

dgddd_d_g_g_ddd_d_d_gd_g_d_d
I-

_0_0000000
0000000000
0000000000
__000_

,..,1

IIIIllllll

000000000000000000o0000
00000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000

,4"
x',.J

4"O'

d"
I1_1111111
I

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

II

lJl

4"
x_

JJ_jj_JJ_
Illlllllll

lllllJll

II

II

II

II

69

APPENDIX

_00_0_0_00_000
lell_ellll._ll=
II|IIIIIIIIIIII

00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000

00000000000000000000000000000000

," ;

00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OOOO
_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO_OOO

0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000

," I_

,' ;

O_O_

_O_

0000000000000000

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

o 000888

080000
OOOO
NN_N_OOOOOOOOOOOOOO__

800 O0

OO

80000

00
OO

oo8oo_oo_888_

0088

0000800

00
OO
_NNNNNNNNN_O
_mOOOOOOOOO_

OO

'''__"

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooooooooooo_ooooooo
_oo_oo
oo
oo
oo
oo
oo_oo_oo8o0_8_

oooooooo00

U_
:E

g880ogoo_oooos
OO

.=
o.

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

*l

u_

_ooooo

olee

el

ete

0_
0
>

_O_=_O0___NN__

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
__OOO_O

tee

t11111t|1111111111111111

__III|IIIIII
IIIIII

u2
0
I"

tu

___'_
_N_N__O_O_

_o
II

I1_

II

II_

N_

II_N_

I"

II

IIIlllllllllllll
'I"
0

II_

I_

I_

I_

0
Z
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

_n

7O

"'2

0000000000000000
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

00000000000000000000000000000000

I* ,'d

;d_dddddgd_d_dgd

dd_d_ddS_g_dddgd_d_ddgddd_d

oooo_o

OO

0000

OO

APPENDIX

0
O'

,0 _4

O ,..._0
OOOOOOOO
I

I*

,00

,,f

.-4 ,-* 0, N

Im

I*

ko
"_
_"

o
0
0

OOOOOOOO
_OOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO

dd_dgdd

0'
uu
-%

OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOO

ddddddd_
_z

ooOooOOO
ooOOOOOO
OOOO_OOO
oooo_OO_
OOOOOOOO

dZddgddd
N
OOOOOOOO

898g

_O

O
O
O
O
,O
i
O

Qg*ggo**

00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000

d_ddd_d_

O
O
e4

Z
W
U_
U,
UlJ

0ooo0000
00000000
ooOOOOOO
OOOOO_
LU
0"
,5

IIIII

_0
.-4

_9
IIIIIIII
u2

IIIIIIII
O
O
O
"I-

J
W

71

APPENDIX

0
_
_
_
0
_

O00COO00
00000000
00000000
O0000CCO
CO000000
000e*eee
OOO00000

0_00000000000000
O00OO00000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
0000000000000000
oeeo_e|oete_eee_
_000000000000000

eoeee_eooee@6oe_

@moeeeoe
IIIII

N4"
_ aD
x

.J
C)

aDO
J

C)

_----_
II _"

,4

(3

,71, -

_
o

0000000000000000

,.J
t.,_wl.J

t,.,,_

,-_ ,-_--_ ,-_ 000

b-

e e
I I ! ( f

t
!

_
f

e
(

_
(

o
|

! I

-,

2,
0000000000000000

Z
0

../

,0
,4"

<_

2'

.._ ,-_ _ ,'_ ,.._000

_
U_

I.-

(DO

g
0

(:_

uJ
.J

IJ

_J

_m

--_g_-_--

...........

.,J_.
0
-I

_p,..
_

Z
0
II.
w

_-

uJ

Zd
_,=

.......

r_,.

ee_0ee_eetQee_.
llllllll;;;illl!

;;,',',';;;

72

APPENDIX

_OOOO
OOOCOOOO
eeee00eeDieeeee.
O

UJ
,.2,
_O_OOO
_OOOOO
OOOOOOOO
e.eeee0e

r_

C9
C_
OOOOOOOOOO_N_
OOOOOOOOOOOOO_O_
eeeoe_eeegeeeeee
II

(D

O"
u%

OOOOOOOO
eleee001

tJ

II!

u
T

__O__N

_O

,0

_3
p.

II
u5
L.J

3"

.J

_3
Z
0
tJ
GeOeeleo%eeeeOee

u_
p..
Z
LU
_N_OOO
OOOOOOOO
eee_e_ee

e_
rae_
,0
P--

ud
Ir
u5

bh
U.

tU
C]

Ptu
u5

p-J

O
p-

Z
_OOOOOOOO_O_

u5
4"
pt_
O

III

_II

,n
o_
Z
0
_J

OOOOOOOO
II
r4
eooeeoee
..J
tJ
N

T_
_O_O__

,.::::,',','::;,':,',':
IIIIIIII

"/3

APPENDIX

O0

CD
U.

CD
U.

C_.

O.

Z
u

Z
r,D

Z
W

_W
O_
_0
_Z

OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOCOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OO_O_OOOOO
eoeee.et.e
OOOOOOOOOO

u.
Z
0

oOoOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOO
0000000000
OOoOoOOoOo

0000oo0ooo

.J
<Z

D
O

O
O
O
O
O

O
O
O
O
O

I.L
Z
O

_@_OO_NOO

_O
_Z

_O_OO_OO
eeeooeoeee

"r

OOOO_O_O

l_J

..J
,_

7
0
Z
D
00000000000
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO
00000000000
00000000000
eeeeeoeeooo
OOOOOOOOOOO

Z
r_U

_
_
Z
0
_

00000000000
OOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOO
00000000000
00000000000
Oe_eeeeeOeo
OOOOOOOOOOO

1uJ
_.j

0
It

.d
UJ
e,,.

LL
Z
C9
_J

0000_0_00
0000_0_0_00
O000_O_N_O0
OOOO_O_OO
0_0_0

I.U

00000_0o00
00000_0000
00000_0000
00000_000o
eoeeeeeee._

d1_gdj2_d
Ill_ll

IIill_l
IIII

III

O
"r
N

O0000_N_
00000_00

O00NO_O0
:J<

000_000
eee_eeeeeee

gggg2dgg_d
II

Z
C_

'/4

Of%l

I.-

Z
C_

h,

lu.

O
U.

OOoOOOOO_O
OOOO_O_O
OOOO_O_O
OOOO_O_O
OOOo_O_O

II

IIIIIIIIIII

,_N

APPENDIX

CD
,v
LU

,z
&.]
,w
(D
1-

:r

w
_5

"r
I%1

'/5

APPENDIX

0
w

o
_0

o_eleoeooe+teoelteeloeleeee,+_u
0

0o000000000

_2
J_
_

00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000

0000000000000000000
000000000000000000_
00000000000_0000000
0000000000000000000
0000000000000000000

_
8_

d_gg_d_dddd

g_dd_dddgdddddddddd

J_

O0000000000
00000000000

dddSddSdd_

0000000000000000000
0000000000000000000
0000000000000000000
0000000000000000000
00000000000000000_0

UJ

6k
I"
0
U

dd_d_dddddddddg_ddd

LU

t_

ILl

0
,=_

u
oee+eeo*eeeeloloelloe+eeeeeee,

Z
>c_
0
Lu
<_

Z
i,,-1
n_
0

ud

U.
Z
0

.3

000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000
ooeoelooeoeoeeeeoeooiloeeoge_!
000000000000000000000000000000

Z
C_

w
_D
Z
Q

___0000

U
b.d
_111111t11111
II

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

I,,-

_0_0__

erelee+leleeee0e

eeeQilllilleeI
_N_I_I_I
Illlllll

_
I

___N_
U

IIIIII

76

APPENDIX

0
0
0

,,ff
11"
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000o00000
,_

gddd_dddgdddddgd_d

_J

o4
0
f_

k0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000

_d_ddd_ddd_ddddddddddd
Jw

,e_e_ee_eee,_e_eeeee

0
0
eeoee_eee_eee_eeeeeo_e

.fi
0000000000000000000000
0000000000000000,000000
0000000000000000000000
000o000000000000000o00
0o00000000000000000000

uu
0
Z
U_

_d_ddddddd_d_d_d_

W
EL
LU
Q_

m.
,'*
,0

__IIIIIIIIIIII
IIIIIIII

p.

.,_

e_

7'7

APPENDIX

_0
_

000000000000000
000000000000000
00000000_000000
O00CO0000000000
000000000000000

00000000000
00000000000
000_0000000
00000000000
000000000_0

000000000000000

gd_dddddgd

O_OCOOOOOOO
eee,eeeeeee
ED

0
0
0
o

e4_

.J
_D

a3,.a
]E

-J
_

z
C_
_0

d
o
0_

_0
Oll
_

000000000000000
ooooooooooooooo
000000000000000

_
e
--

00000000000
oooo0o0oooo
0o00000o0oo

ooo_ooo_
dddddddddd_dddd

_
_

_oooo_ooo_
d_dg_ddddg_

000_00000_0
00000000000

00

0
O0
"r_

COo

=Z

_r'_
w
w-

I
Z

000000000000000
000000000000000

,_
,-i

O0

ddZddJddJZ''dgg_o

0000

0000

dJgdddddZdJ

i!
d

3
"r
I,,.n

o
0
0

i_.

0
u.

I,-

,.d

0,,_"
kup_,

G.
,,./
_Z
0

1"

0
O_
O_
tu

tu

uJ

;,',',',',';,',';,',';;,"

T8

le

le

Ie

I'

I"

I_

I"

_"

|"

I"

APPENDIX

OU_O_O00000
O0000OO000O
e_eeellee_e

J
IIIlllltl_lllll

'4"
0
U--

OZ
OOO_OO_O0_O_O
eelellOllllelle

_._

00000000000
00000000000
leeeeleelle

_W
Z

N(.)

,0
0
0
U

N_

_0

...

N
O"

IJ

Iltll

XXX_X_=_XX_"XX_X

ii
F-

u_
N
i.i
IlL
I1
IIJ
{3

Z
UJ

_n
,-I

EL
W

II

W
-r

_J
00000000000
oeeeoe*leoelelo
I

I
U
_2

Z
0
U

..J
U
0
_.-

I'N
4"

_11111

0oo00000_o0

__
3

ileeellelel
Iit11111tll

O
a_NNNNNNN

79

APPENDIX

O
O
o
o
O

c;

(D
).
atu
(D
tU
(.9

000000000000000
000000000000000

II

000000000000000
0oo000ooooo00oo

O
O
O
O"
O

g
IIIIIIIIitl

no

o_
_D
'I"

0
0
o_

80

APPENDIX

u_
Z

Z
CD

_u&u
(DO
TI.J

Z
0
0

:r

U.
Z

&IJ

0
_u
m-

.,J
eL

CD
1--

2
U
,.4

Z
:r
0
w
uu

u%
,-4

c_9
W

0
u.
u.
Z
0
L.J

..J
_

.J

eeelelel_leeee

e_
l.d
j,.
Lt%
0
0
U.

Z
Z
(D

c_

I-Z
I.O.
W
-I

_4

.i

000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000
OQO000000000000

G
O.
,.-

_.

.J

Z
LU

UZ

000000000000000
000000000000000
O_OONNO00_O

D
I!

00000000_000000
000000000000000

tu

LU

LL
I|111111111
W
.J

81

APPENDIX

OOOo_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOoOO

_Z

_
_
_

00000000000000000000o000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000_00000000000
000_00000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000o000o0000o00

0C3

,n

_5

_u
,.4

U
%1.

j..

tIJ
C3
_J

000000000000o00000o00000000000000
u_

tJ

I"

7
O

............

f
Z

333333_33

............

)(:3
uJ
-Z

C)
D
O
u.
Z
O
_J

,u
[

Z
O
..J

_0o000000o0_000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000__000

s.)
b,*

44dgdd_ddddd333333333_3_3__3

I...
_a

llll

4"

82

IIII

llllll

llllll

Ill

Ill

II

APPENDIX

'_
uJ

O
O
O

y
::3
Z

5"
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
_OOOO_ONO_O_OOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOO_OOOOOOOOOOOOOO__OOOO
_O

_4
_o
UJ

;_o_o_

O
C3

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOOOOOOO

_88_8888
OOOOOO_

eeooo_ee

eeeoooooeeeeoeeooooe

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
oooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
oo_oo8ooo8oo
oo

UJ

_O
_0

U.

OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOOOOOOOOOOOOO

tu

_o.N_o_

llll_

III
I

__'_
I!

I1_

II
0

llg

83

APPENDIX

_o

oooOOco
oo00ooo

_=

oo_ooo
O_
000

ooooooo

L'%
(D

_D]_
0

N_

o_E

r,
_

_,
I

C2 II

_lO _

ff% C) "_

"

,o

w_

w_

Ig

_u

II
I.L

g2

:_

b..

"g
0

ud

ud

l.j

e_

.4" _"

4"

_"

t
v.J_
._

e_
tJ

Lu..a
c3_

Z
0

OZ

..eelele.e.
X

I!
"

h.

z
0

r,T
._1

0o00oo0oooo
O000O00O0O0
0oooo00oooo
o000o0ooooo
z
0

im_|,,m,Jo_

I" I" I" I'

84

I" I" ;

APPENDIX

eeJol_

4"

OOOO_O
eJolwl
D

t_

QDIOeO

wl
I-.
Z

ee_eee

i-i
_J
i-c
I/.
II
W
r'1
(.1

_t
O
O
t_
,-4

3
tU
U5
Z
U.

II
I--

--I
I.j
C_
I'-

O
O
N

U
N

--I

Om_O_N

Illlll

N_

85

APPENDIX

Z
0

WUJ
(DO
s-_j
Q.
Z
Z

00000000000000

0
U.
Z

O0

--;
Q.

Z
t._

).-

ud
U.;

(.9

_W
O_
_
_Z

o0000000o0o0o0
O0000000OCO0OO
oeeeeoeJeQleee
OOQOOQOOOOOQ_O

O0
u3

_J3

_k
0

..d

T
_J

"I"
k.3
L4J

Ud
.3
.-#

(:3
I,=,

U._

U3
"r"

Z
C_
Z

_O

I--

(D
U.

W-

W-

Z
,-,

000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000

,,"

"'

a.

d_dd_ddddddd

U.

u9

UU

0
U

bU

UJ

_
0
"I-

000000000000000
00000000000000o

,n
,-0

kg
0
"r"

_J

II

000000000000000
O0000OO000OO000

_'77777777777
Z
N

86

_"
U_
LU
_J

__0_

APPENDIX

{:3
Ud
N

r II
W.J.J
UJLJ
0

ie_e_eelo_ieeeooQJeoeee_eeeeoello

000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000

dgdddddd_dddgdd_g_d_d_g_
8:000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
o000000o0000000000000000000000000
o0o0000o00oo0o0o00o00000000000000
eeeoeeeeeoeeoeeeeooteoeeeeoooloee
000000000000000000000000000000000

_
_
_
IZ
_

,.a

,'%
tu
000000000000000000000000000000000
O00m
Z

O.
T
(D
tJ

eeo_eloeooe_eeeo#_oooeeoeoeeee|eo

0
Z
).a_
uJ

000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000

u.
Z
0
LJ

0000000000000000_0000000000000000

)-

__lllllllllillllllllillllllll
IIIIII

_0__

XkJ
M_

_0__

_I_l_ll_II_ll_
II

llllllllllll

I _
I;

II

4"

eriioeo_e_e_i

4ooeoeeleeoeeeee_eo

I!

8';

APPEND[X

o
uJ

{:_

ar

u%

,e
000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000o00
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOoOo
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

I.OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOo
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
000000000000000000000_00

_d_d_dddddg_dd_ddddd_d_d
,,,

___o

_o

.,.r
'4"
N

_o_o

d_3_d_d_22322322_J_dJ
o
O
o4

e,4

t_

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

__oo

oo _

_oo

..a

e_

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

oo_ooSoo

oo

U.;
L)
Z

oo_oo

d_dgdddd_gd_gdgd_gd_gd

"
t_

0D
_O
,O

N
M%

e,

oooooooooooooooooooooooo
_oo_oooooo_ooo__
_
_

oo
U'%

w
_o_o_m

_o__

0_00_
w
II

II

II

I_

,o

.-4

I_

I_

I_

I_I_I
O
O

"
O

88

It

APPENDIX

Z
(D

OO
(_9

_r
(:6

00000000000000

_
_
_
_Z

OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
00000000000000
OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
IIIi.e.eJ0....
0000000_000000

_0_0__00

z
_3

0
0

u.

uJ

.e

.J

Z
Q

_'_

uJ

_9

_
uJ

Z
0

.J

_,--4

_0

Z
CD
_

_
I-Z

000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000
000000000000000

d_dgdddgdddd_dd
_

_
ooooO_-]_._OOOOOOOO
OooOOOOOOOOOOOO

"_--_
I
I

I
"T
,0

000000000000000
000000000000000

IIllIIIIIII

89

APPENDIX

_0
,ii o
C_O
o

.-4
O0

O.
0

O_

_ "
J.,J

..,J _(

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOoOoOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
000000000000000000000000000000000

oo__oo
oo
oo
_d_d_gd_gd_gggddd_g_gdddgdddd

oo

_o

oooo_

U
_Z
.,j _..d

I.u c,._

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
000000000000000000000000000000000

r-_

u'%

I<

"_

T
0

_J

Ua

3
_

0
Z

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO__
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOONN_NN_

....
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOO_OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

U.
0
U

OO_

OO

OO

gd_dgggdg_dddddSgdg_dgg_ddg_dddd

000000000000000000000000__
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOoOOOOOO__

___lllll|lllllllllllllll
I
I I I
I I I
I

X_

IIIIIIIllltl

IIII

_llllllll_
lilll

IIIIIIIIIIII

IIII

_M_IIIIIIII_
III

4"

U
I

9O

1!1,

APPENDIX

00000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000
O000000000CO00000000000000000000000000
CO000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000

0000000000000
0000000000000
0000000000000
0000000000000
0000000000000

dddd_d_dgd__d_d_gdgdddd_gd_d

_d_ddgd_dd_d

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
O00000000000000000000000000CO0000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

dd_dgdd_d_dS_dgdd_d_dddgdgddd_dd_d_d_g_d4d_d_

____000000000000000000000000000000000000

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

oo

_oooo
oooo

O0

_00

oo_

O0

oo

_00

O0
oo_oo_8_

oo_oo_8_oo

oo_8

___000000000000_00000000000000000000000

___
I

_
III

II!

IIIIIIII_

__oooo_oo_ooooooo_oo_oo_
I

IIIIIII_
III

IIIII_
I

II

f-I

IIIII
I

91

APPENDIX

o
uJ
,_

C
.,t

lJ..10e,i..,
i

'I"

oooooooooooo
oooooccooooG
oooooooooooo
oooooooooooo
oooooooooooo

um
._

_dZgd_gd_gdd

,,o

kOOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOCOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOo
oOOO_oooOOOO

gd_ddddddddd
_"
<Z

,.%
.4"
'4"
m4

Lu

,-_

r_
0
o

uo

a_

000000000000

u.

tJ
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000

_z

o
o

Z
Lu

I,,-

&gdd_ddddddd

e_

_u

I'
OOOOOOOOOOOO

,'; ; ; ,"; ,","; ,',','

c_
_r
L_

u_

a_

r_

,-%

0
0

_0_0_0_0

N_N_

|11

(9

uJ

92

APPENDIX

r_
(.9

Z
0
U

0
w
r_
W
Z
0
Z

W
.J

O
0
Z
W

93

APPENDIX

FORTRAN

Data

This

program

series

6000

tape.

Minor

program
and

requires

consists
each

following

65,0008

of the

main

is identified
of these

table

parts

is an index

Program

94

computer

modifications

or subroutine
tion,

was

written

PROGRAM

in FORTRAN

systems

with

the

may

be required

words

of storage

program,

three

in columns
is sequenced

LISTING

IV language,
SCOPE
prior
on the

overlays,

version

3.0 operating
to use

with

Control
and

with a 4-digit

number

2.3,

for

system

other

Data

four

73 to 76 by a 4-character

to the program

or subroutine

the Control
and library

computers.

6600

The

computer

subroutines.

system

Each

program

identification.
in columns

In addi-

77 to 80.

listing:
Identification

Page

WINGTL

MAIN

95

INFSUB

INFS

96

GE OM TRY

GEOM

97

MATXSOL

MATX

106

AERODYN

AERO

108

CDIC LS

CDIC

116

MATINV

MINV

118

FTLUP

TLUP

120

The

APPENDIX D

C
C
C
C
C
C

MAIN
OVERLAYIWINGTL,O,Oi
MAIN
PROGRAM
WINGTLIINPUT,OUTPUr,TA_E5=I_PUT,TAPE6=OUTPUT)
MAIN
COMMON/ALL/
BOT,M,SEIA,PTEST,QTEST,TBLSCWISOI_IZOI,PNILZO|,
MAIN
I
PVI[ZOt,ALPIIZOI,SlIZOI,_SIllZOI,PHIlI23I_ZHI50}
MAIN
COMHONITOTHREI
CIRII20w2|tSECTRSTI50|
MAIN
COMMONIONEIHRE/TWISTi2|,CREFtS_EFmCAVEtCLDES,STRUEtA_pARTRUEI
MAIN
1
RTCDHTI21tCONFIGtNSSWSVIZItMSVI2ItKBOT,PLANpIPLANwMAC_
MAIN
Z
,SSWWAI50I
MAIN
COMMON/MAINONE/[CODEOF,TOTAL,AANI21,XSIZI,YSI2ijKFCTSI2|
MAIN
1
,XREGI25,ZI,fREGI25,ZI,ARE_|25,2i,D[HI25,Z|,M_3125,21
MAIN
Z
,XX
125,21,YY
125,21,AS
125,2|,TTWDI25m2I,_SD[25,2|
MAIN
3
,ANI2|,ZZ
125,21
MAIN
7 F ORMATI1HIlIIOX,I6m_HO_SESHOE
VORTICES
LAIDOUT,
THIS
IS
MORE
THAN
MAIN
ITHE
120
MAXIMUM.
THIS
CONFIGURATION
IS
A_ORTEO._|
8 FORMAT
IHII/
fOX,
I6 ROWS
OF HOrSEShOE
VORTICES
L_IDOUT.
THIS
IMAIN
MAIN
IS MORE
THAN
THE
50
MAXIMUM.
THIS
CONFIGURATION
IS
AB3RTED.*
I
MAIN
9 FORMAT
IXH
11XOX,
*PLANFORM=
16 * 4AS*
[6
IMAIN
I * BREAKPOEN[S.
THE
MAXIMUM
_IMENSEONED
IS 25.
THE
EONFIGURATION
MAIN
25 ABORIED.*I
MAIN
MAIN
VORTEX
LATTICE
AEROgYNAMIC
COMPJTATION
MAIN
NASA-LRC
PROGRAM
NO.
A2794
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
MAIN
[CODEOF=TOTAL=O
MAIN
WINGTL=6LWINGIL
MAIN
RECALL=6HRECALL
MAIN
I CALL
OVERLAYIWINGIL,I,9,RECALLI
MAIN
IFIICODEOF.G[.OI
GO IO 99
MAIN
[FIM.G[.120I
GO TO 2
MAIN
NSW
= NS&WSVII
+ NSSWSVI21
MAIN
IF
! NSW.GT.50
G]
T0 4
MAIN
IISV
= 0
MAIN
DO
I0 [I=IpIPLAN
MAIN
IF
i ANIITI.LE.2_.
I
G3 I0
13
MAIN
WRITE
I6,9I
[T,ANIITI
MAIN
[TSV
= 1
MAIN
XO CONTINUE
MAIN
IF IIISV.GT.OI
GO To 5
MAIN
GO TO 3
MAIN
WRITE
16,81
NSW
MAIN
GO TO 5
MAIN
2 WRITEI6,7r
M
MAIN
GO TO 5
MAIN
3 CALL
OVERLAYIWINGTL,2,DtRECALLI
MAIN
CALL
OVERLAYIWINGTL,3tg,RECALLI
MAIN
5 IOIAL=IOTAL-I.
GO TO 1
MAIN
MRIN
99 SIOP
MAIN
END

10
20
30
_0
50
60
70
BO
9O
IO0
[10
120
130
150
160
170
LO0
190
2O0
2XO
220
230
240
2.50
260
270
280
290
300
310
32O
330
34O
350
360
370
380
390
400
41 0
420
430
440
450
z,bO
670
480
490
500
50

95

APPENDIX

S_BR{)LTINE
INFSUB
180T.FLI,F_/I,FWII
CGMMCh/INSUB23/PS
I I, APF I l, _ XX,YY
,ZZZ ,SNN,TOL_NC
FC =CCSIPSIII
FS =SIN(PSI[)
FT =FS/FC
FPC=CCSIAPHII
|
FPS=SIN(APFI
[ )
FFf=FPS/FPC
F1 =_xXeSNN#FT*FPC
F2 =YY+SNh_F
PC
F3 =ZZZ+SNN_FPS
F4 =XX X-SNh#F
TW_FP C
F5 = YY Y-SNNWkF PC
F6 =Z ZZ-SNh_FPS
FFA=
( X X X_*2+
( W_FP S )*WW2+FPC'_'_2_' ( (YYY*FT
) _* 2 _ ( Z ZZIFC |_'_'2-2._
l XXX_YYY_WF
T )-2. *ZZ Z'i'FPCe ( _Y_WbFPS4X
XXWWFIW_FPS | )
FFB= IF IW'F 1 cF2*F2eF3'_F
3) $ 4.9
FFC= (F4*F6_.FS*FS+F6$F6)
t 4.5
FFD=FS*FS+
F6_WF6
FF E=F2W, F2 +F3,_F3
FFF= ( F I_,FP C_F T+F2 eFPCF
3WkF F _ )/FF B
(F4_F PCWPF T+ FS_WF PC+F64,FPS
)I
IFFC
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

THE
TCLEI_.AhCE
SET
AT
CHANGE{)
FOR
CEMPUIERS

IHIS
PCINT
GII-ER
THAN

265

IF(ABS(FFA).LT.(BCT_IS.E-5)_2)
FuUNE=(ZZZSFPC-YY*FPS)*FFF/FFA
FVONE=(XXX$FPS-ZZZ_FT*FPC)_FFF/FFA
FWCNE=(YYY$FT-XXXleFFF/FFA_FPC
GG
TO 265
FUGNE=F_ONE=FWCNE=O.
IF(ABS(FFD).|
I.I{)LRNC)
GC

TC

263

263
266

F_TWO=
Fb=(I.-F6/FFCI/FFE
FWTWQ=-FS_(I.-F4/FFC)/FFC
GG TO 266
FVTWO=FWTWO=O.
[F(A_S(FFE).LT.TOLRNC)

TG

2_4

262

GO

C
FVTHRE=-F3*(Z.-FZIFFB)/FFE
FWTHRE=F2=(I.-FI/FFB)/FFE

264
267

96

GG TC 267
FVTHRE=FWTFRE=C.
FbI=F_ChE
FVI=FP_NE+FVTWC+FVIFRE
FWI=FWCNE+FkTW{)FWTFRE
RETURN
EhD

GC

IN ThE
PR{)GRAM
TFE
CDC
6000

T{) 262

NAY
NEEC
SERIES

TO

BE

[NFS
[NFS
[NFS
[NFS
[NFS
INFS
[NFS
[NF$
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
[NFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
[NFS
INFS
[NFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
[NFS
INFS
[NFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
INFS
|NFS
INFS
[NFS
INFS

I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
llO
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
_90
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
3[0
320
330
3_0
350
360
370
380
390
%00
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
51 0
520
530
540

APPENDIX

OVERLAY(WlNGTL,I,0)
PROGRAN GEONTRY
DIMENSION
XREF(25),YREF(25),SAR(2S)_A(2S),RSAR(2S),X(25),Y(ES)t
I
BOTSV(2),SA(2)tVBORD(SI),SPY(SO,2),KFX(2)tIYL(50,_),
2
IYT(50,2)
COMMON/ALL/
BOTtN,BETAtPTEST,OTESTtTBLSCW(SO),Q(IZO)tPN(120),
1
PV(I2OItALP(I20)tS(120)tPSI(|20)tPHI(12OItZH(50)
COMNON/ONETHRE/TWIST(2)tCREFtSREFgCAVE,CLOES,STRUE,ARtARTRUEt
l
RTCDHT(2)tCONFIGtNSS_SV(2)tNSV(2),KBOT,PLAh,IPLhktNACH
2
,SSWWA(50)
COMNON/NAINONE/ICODEOFtTOTALtAAN(2)tXS(2)PYS('2),KFCTS(2)
|
2
3

GEON
GEON
GEON
GEON
GEON
GEO_
GEO_
GEON
GEO_
GEOH
GEON

,XREG(25,2),YREG(25,2),AREG(25,2)tDIH(2S,g),NCD(25,_)
GEON
,XX
(25,2),YY
(2_,2),AS
(25,2),TTWDt2S,2),NNCD(25,2)
GEON
,AN(Z) tZZ
(25,2)
GE0_
REAL MACH
GEON
I FORMAT (IHI//
63XteGEONETRY
DATA*
)
GEON
2 FORMAT (///
65X ,AIOt
*REFERENCE
PLJNFORM HASa I3 CURVES*
//
GEOH
1
12X *ROOT CHORD HEIGHT
=*
FI2.S
t 4X
*VARIABLE
SWEEPGEOH
2 PIVOT
POSITION*
4X X(S)
=e FI2.595X
Y(SI
m, F12.5
//46X,
GEON
3
BREAK
POINTS
FOR THE REFERENCE PLANFORN * / )
GEO_
3 FORMAT (8F10.41
GEOfl
4 FORMAT (8F15o51
GEO_
S FORNAT
(IHI
//
47X , CONFIGURATIOk
NO. _ ,F8O
/
)
GEOH
6 FORNAT(2FI2.5,2EI2.StF12.S)
GEOH
7 FORNAT(
//36X,I4,44H
HORSESHOE VORTICES ,ON LEFT HALF OF THE kGEON
lING/36XtI4tIOH
CHORDWISE,21XtI4tgH
SPANWISE//)
GEON
8 FORNAT (22X
QPOINT
6X *X*
llX
ty
IlX
*Z t IOX oSWEEP* 7X DIHEDRAGEOH
IL e 4X *NOVE*/
68X eANGLE*
8X ANGLE*
6X _CODE* /
)
OEON
9 FORMAT(2OX,IS,3FI2.S_2FI_.5,
I6)
GEOH
10 FORMAT
( / 40X,
eCURVEe
I3 * IS SWEPTW FI2.S
* DEGREES ON PLANFO;GEOH
IN*
I3 )
GEOM
II
FORNAT(IHI///41X
*END OF FILE
ENCOUNTERED AFTER CONFIGURATION*
FT)GEOH
12 FORMAT (IHI///18X
THE FIRST
VARIABLE
SWEEP O_RVE SPECIFIED
(_ = GEON
1
13 ) DOES NOT HAVE AN M CODE OF 2 FOR PLAhFORN
I4)
GEOH
13 FORMAT IBFS.I,FIO.4tFS.ItFIO.4)
GEOH
14 FORMAT(26X,I5,2FI2.5,2F16,S94X,I4)
GEON
15 FORMAT (IHI
///
X *ERROR - PROGRAM CANNOT PRCCESS PTEST z* F5.1
GEON
I e AND QTEST =* F5.1
)
GEO_
16 FORMAT
( //
4_X , *BREAK
POINTS
FOR THIS CONFIGURATION
//)
GEON
17 FORMAT (28X
*POINTe
6X eX
IIX
eye ||X
*SWEEP m IOX tDIHEDRAL
o 7X
GEO_
I *MgVE*
/ 38X REF
9X IREFe
lOX e_hGLE*
IIX
DANGLE t 9X *CODE*
/ )GEO p
18 FORMAT
(/
52X ,eSECOND
PLANFORN BREAK PO_hTS*
/ )
GEO_
]9 FORNAT(////2SXt34HTHE
BREAKPOINT
LOCATED SPANkISE
ATgFII.S,3Xt2OH_GEO_
IAS BEEN ADJUSTED TO,F9.S////)
GEOH
20 FORMAT
(/
43xt
FS HORSESHOE VORTICES
IN EACH CHORDWISE ROWQ ) GEOM
22 FORMAT(/23XeTABLE
OF HORSESHOE VORTICES
Ik EACH CflORDWISE ROW (FRCGEOH
IN TIP TO ROOT BEGINNING
WITH FIRST
PLANFORM)//25FS.O/2SFSO)
GEOH
24 FORMATi///33XIS
a HORSESHOE VORTICES
USED ON ThE LEFT HALF OF THE CGEON
IONF|GURATIONe//SOXPLANFORN
TCTAL
SPANWlSE*/)
GEON
25 FORMAT (S2X,
I4 t lOX , I3 lIX
t I4 )
GEOH
GEOW
GEOM
PART ONE - GEOMETRY COMPUTATION
GEOW
GEOH
SECTION
ONE - INPUT OF REFERENCE WING POSITION
GEOH
GE0P
GE0 W
GEON
RTCDHT(1)=RTCOHT(2)=O.
GEO,
YTOL
= I.E-IO
GEO_

10
2O
30
60
50
60
70

so
90
100
llO
130
tSO
I60
170
],80
200
_.lO
220

a36
240
250
260
270
_80
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
:]60
370
:380
390
400
_10
_20
_30
_40
._50
_60
_70
_80
490
5O0
SlO
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
60O

9'7

APPENDIX

AZY
=
PIT
=
RAD
=
IF
(TTAL.GT.O.[

SET
PLAN
VARIABLE
SET
PLAN

1,E.13
X.5707963
57.2957E
GG

EQUAL
SWEEP
ECUAL

TO 1.
WING
TO 2.

TO

90

FOR

kING

FOR

A kiNG

SET
TCTAL
EQUAL
TC T_E
NUMEER
OF GROUP
TWO DATA
PRCVIOEO

60
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

READ
|5,3l
IF
{ECF,5)
[PLAN

SET
AAN(IT)
DEFINE
THE

ALChE
CF

COHPUTAICN

TAIL

EQUAL
TG TFE
MAXIMbM
PLANFORM
PERIMETER
CF

NUMBER
THE
lIT)

OF

59

58

PLANFGRM

ROCT
CHORD
HEIGHT
PCINIS
ARE
BEING
kEIGHT

PCINTS

PERIMETER

=
=
=

lob
fOE
10H

FIRST
SECOND

CIH(I,IT),
TO
)

REQUIREC

CF
IFE
LIFTING
REAC
IN,
WITH

A#CD

59
GO

TO

ANO

ANGLES

WRITE
(6,141
J,
XREG(J,ITI,YREGIJ,IT|,ASWP,DIE(J,ITI,MCDIJ,II!
OIH(J,III
=
TANICIF(J,
II)/RAD)
CONTINUE
KFCTSIIT|
=MAK
WRITE
[6,14)
NI, XREGKNI,ITI,YREG(NI,IT]
CGNTINUE
PART

98

CURVES
PLANFCR_,

4g

IF
(ABS!
YREGII-I,IT)-_REG(I,II)I.LT.YTGLIGO
[C
_C
AREGKI-ItIT)
= (XREG(I-I,ITI-XREG(I,ITII/(YREG(I-I,IT)-YREG(I,IT)IGEOMI040
ASWP
= ATAN
| AREG([-I,II|
! RAD
GG
TO 51
YREG(I,IT|
= YREG(I-I,IT|
AREG(
I-l,II!
= AZY
ASWP
= qO.
J
= I - 1
WRITE

SETS

WRITE
16,21
PRTCON,N,RTCCHT(ITI,XS(IT),YS(II|
WRITE(6,17)
DG 59
I=I,NI
READ
(5,3)
XREG(ItIT|
, YREG(I,IT),
NCD(I,IT)
= AMCD
IF II.EQ.I)
GO
IF
( MAK.NE.O
.OR
MCOII-I,IT|.NE.2
MAK
=
I-i

51

FOR

COMB[N_T[CN

WRITE
(6, I!
DG
58 IT = I,IPLAN
READ
15,3)
AANIIT),XSIII),VSIIT),RICCFIiII)
N
= AAN(ITI
NI
= N 1
MAK
= 0
IF (IPLAN.EQ.I)
PRTCON
IF
(IPLAN.EG.2
.ANC.
IT.EQ.1
I
PRTCON
IF (IPLAN.EQ.2
.AND.
IT.EQ.2
)
PRTCON

50

EVEN

PLAN,TGTAL,CREF,SREF
XCC6,4G
=PLAN

SET
RTCDHT(IT)
EQUAL
TO 1HE
SURFACE
(ITI,WhOSE
PERIMETER
RESPECT
TO IHE
WING
RC01ChCRD

49

SECTION

TO

GEOM
6[0
GEOM
620
GEOM
630
GEOM
6_0
GEOM
650
GEOM
660
GEOM
670
GEOM 680
GEOM 690
GEOM
700
GEOM 710
GEOM
720
GEOM
730
GEOM
T40
GEOM 750
GEOM 760
GEOH 770
GEOM 780
GEOM 790
GEOM 800
GEOM
8[0
GEOM
820
GEOM 830
GEOM
840
GEOM
850
GEOM
860
GEOM BTO
GEOM
8BO
GEOM
8qO
GEOM
gO0
GEOM
910
GEOM
920
GEOM
g30
GEOM
940
GEOM
950
GEOM
960
GEGM
970
GEOM
980
GEOM 990
GEOMIO00
GEOMIOIO
GEOMI020
GEOMI030
GEOMI050
GEOMI060
GEOMI070
GEOMIO80
GEOMIO90
GEOMIIO0
GEOMIIIO
GEOMII20
GEOMII3G
GEOMII40
GEOMIISO
GEOMII60
GEOMII70
GEGMII80
GEOMIIgO
GEOMI200
GEOMI210

APPENDIX

C
C
C
C
C

REAC

SCW

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

MUST

G_CUP

NOT

SEI
SA([),SA(21
CURVE(S)
THAT

80

82

74
7b

78

83

79
77

BE

EATA

SET

ANT

EQUAL

TE

ZERC

TFE
SWEEP
SWEEP
FOR

OESIRED

CR

EkE

WING

WHEN

PCS[TICN

IHE

kING

ANGLE,IN
DEGREES,
EACH
PLANFCRM

HAS
FCR

GEOMI220
GEOMI230
GEOMI240
DIHECRALGEOMI250
GEOMI260

FIRSTGEOM1270
GEOM1280
GEOM[290
IF A PARTICULAR
VALUE
CF CL
IS CESIRED
AT WHICH
ThE
LOADINGS
ARE
GEOMI300
TO BE COMPUTED,
SET
CLDES
EQUAL
TO IHIS
VALUE
GEOMI310
SET
CLDES
EGUAL
TC
11.
FCR
_ CRAG
FOLAR
AT CL VALLES
CF-.[
TO
I.OGEOM1320
GEOM1330
IF PTEST
IS SET
EQUAL
TC C_E
TEE
PROCRAM
WILL
CGMFLTE
CLP
GEOMI340
IF QIESI
IS SE1
ECUAL
TC E_E
THE
PROGRAM
WILL
CCMFUTE
CMQ
AND
CLQGEOM1350
DG NOT
SET
801H
PTEST
ARC
{TEST
TC 6NE
FOR
A SINCLE
CCNFIGURATION
GEOMI360
GEOM1370
SEI
TWIST(l)
CR
TWIST(2)
ECUAL
TO C. FOR
A FLAT
PLANFCRM
AND
TG IoGEOMI3BO
FOR
A PLANFGRM
THAT
HAS
IWISI
AND/CR
CAMBER
GEOMI3gO
GEOM[400
READ
(5,13|CCNFIG,SCW,VIC,MACH,CLDES,PTEST,QTEST,IWISTII),SA(1),TWGEOM1410
IIST(2I,SA(2)
GEOMI420
GEOM1430
WRITE(6,5|
CCNFIG
GEOMI440
IF (ECF,SI
10C6,82
IF
( PTESI.NE.O.
.AND.
CIEST._E.O.
)
GO TO tCCB
GEOM1450
IF
(SCW. E_.O._
GC TE 76
GEOM1460
DG 74 I=I,50
GEOMX470
TBLSCW(II
= SEW
GEOMI480
GEOMI490
GG
TO 78
GEOMISO0
READ
(5,3)
STA
NSTA
= SIA
GEOM1510
READ
(5,3|
(TBLSCW(II,IBLSCW(I*I),TBLSCW(I2),TBLSCW(I*3)
GEOM1520
I
,TBLSCW|I*4),TBLSCW(I+S|,TBLSCW(14(ItTBLSCW(I*TI,
GEOM[530
2
! = I,hSIA,8I
GEOM1540
GEOMI550
DG 100
IT = I,IPLAN
N
= AANIIT)
GEOMI560
N(
=
N 1
GEOMI570
DG 83 I=I,_
GEOM1580
XREF(II
= XREG(I,ITI
GEOM1590
GEOM1600
YREF(1)
= YREG(I,ITI
A
(I)
= AREGII,IT)
GEOMI610
RSAR(1)
= AIAN(A(1))
GEOMI620
IF (A(II.EC.AZYI
RSARIII
= PIT
GEOM[630
CCNTI_UE
GEOM1640
XREF(NII
= XREG(NI,II)
GEOMI650
GEOM[660
YREF(NII
= YREG(NI,II)
IF ( KFCTS(ITI
.GT.
0 )
GO TC 79
GEOM1670
GEOMI680
K
= I
SA(IT)
= RSAR([}
* RAD
GEOMI690
G6 TO
77
GEOMI700
K
= KFCIS(IT)
GEOMI710
WRITE
(6,101
K,SA(II),IT
GEOM1720
GEOM1730
SB
=
SA(II)IRAD
IF ( ABS(
_8 - RSARIK|
).GT.
(.IlRAC)
)
GO IG
111
GEOM1740
REFERENCE
PLANFCRM
CUORC|NATES
ARE
SICRED
UNCEANGE
FCR
WINGS
GEOM1750
WIIFOUI
CHANGE
I_ SWEEP
GEOMI760
OG 11_
I=I,N
GEOM1770
XIII=XREF(I)
GEOMI780
YIII=YREF(I)
GEOMI790
GEOMIBO0
IF (RSAR(I|
.HE.
PIT
I
GO IC
llk
GEOM1810
A(I)=IANIRSAR|I))
GEOM1820
GL TC
113
CAN

EGUAL
IC
CHANGE

CEMFUIE

THE

99

APPENDIX

114
IT3

C
C

A(II=AZY
SAR(I
I=RSAR(I
)
X(NII=XREF
IN| )
Y(NI!=YREF(NI
)
GG TO
103
CHANGES

iii

IN

WING

SWEEP

ARE

MADE

EER

IF (MCC(K,
II).NE.2)
GC IC 1007
KA=K-I
0O 81
I=I,KA
XIII:XREF{I)
YIII=YREF(1)
81 SAR(II=RSAR(1)
C
DETERMINE
LEADING
EDGE
INTERSECTION
BETWEEN
FIXED
AND
VARIABLE
C
SWEEP
WING
SECTI_S
SAR(K}=SB
AIK}
=
TANISB)
SAI=SB-RSAR{K}
X(KII=XS+(XkEF(K_I)-XS)$CCSiSAII+(YREF(K+ZI-YS)*SIN(SAI)
YIK+I}=YS+(YREF{K,t)-YS}*CCSiSAI)-(XREFiK+II-XS)*Srlk(SAII
IF
( ABS
|SB
- SARIK-II
) .LT.
{.I/RAD)
}
GC
TC 84
Y(_)=X(K+I)-X(K-I|-_(K)*_(K+|)+A(K-I)*Y(K-I)
Y(K):Y(KI/(A(K-II-A(K)I
X(K)=
A(KI*XIK-I)-A(K-I}4X(gII+A(K-II*A(KI*I_(K+|)-Y(K-1))
X(K)=X(KI/(A(K)-A(K-II|
GG TO E5
C
ELIMINATE
EXTRANECLS
BRE_KPEIRTS
84
X(K)=X_EF(K-II
Y(K)=YREF(K-1)
SAN(K)
=
SAN(K-I)
85
K=K+I
C
SWEEP
IFE
BREAKP_I_IS
CR
|WE
V_RIABLE
SWEEP
PANEL
C
(iT
ALSC
KEEPS
SWEEP
ANGLES
IN FIRST
OR FOURTH
CUADRANIS)
86 K=K+I
SAR(K-I|=SAIRSAR(K-I)
99 IF
( SAN(K-I)
.LE.
PIT
)
GO I0 102
SAR(K-II=SARIK-11-3.1415_27
GG TO
99
102
IF ( SARIK-I)
.GE.{-PIT|I
GO TC
106
SAR(K-I)=SAR(K-I)+].1415_27
GG
TO 102
106
IF((
SAR(K-I)I.LT..C)
GC TC IC8
IF
| SAR(K-I)
PIT
I
g0,07,87
i08
IF
( SAN{K-I}
+ PII
)
89,89,90
87
A(K-I)=AZY
GL
TO 91
89 A(K-I)=-AZY
GG TO 91
go A(K-I|=TAN(SAR(K-IJ)
91KK
= MCDIK,IT)
GC TO (g3,_2),KK
92 Y{K)=YS+IYREF(K|-YS)*COS(SAI)-(XREF{_)-XSI*SIk{SAI)
X(KI=XS+(XREF(K}-_S)*COS(SAI)+(YREF(KI-YSI*SIh(SAI)
GG TO e6
C
DETERMINE
ThE
TRAILING
EGE
IkTERSECTICN
C
BETWEEN
FIXED
AND
VARIABLE
SWEEP
WING
SECTIONS
93 IF
{A_S
(RSAR(KI-SAR(K-I))
.LT.
([/RAOI
l
GC TO q6
Y(K)=XREF(K+I)-X(K-II-_(KI*kREF(K+II+A(K-I)*Y(K-I}
Y(K)=Y(K)/(A(K-I}-A{K))
X{K)=A(K)*X(K-II-_(K-I)*XREF(K+I}*A(K-I)*A(KI*(YREF(K+I)-Y(K-I))

I00

GEOMI830
GEOMI840
GEOMI850
GEOMI860
GEGMIB70
GEUMI880
GEOMI8gO
GEOMIgO0
GEOMI910
GEOMIq20
GEOMI930
GEOMI940
GEOMI950
GFOMI960
GEOMIg70
GEOMI980
GEOMI990
GEOM2000
GEOM2010
GEOM2020
GEOM2O30
GEOM2040
GEOM2050
GEOM2C60
GEOM2070
GEOM2080
GEOM2090
GEOM2100
GEOM2110
GEOM2120
GEOM2139
GEOM2140
GEOM2150
GEOM2160
GEOM2170
GEOM2180
GEOM2190
GEOM2200
GEOM2210
GEOM2220
GEOM2230
GEOM2260
GEOM2250
GEOM2260
GEOM2270
GEOM2280
GEOM2290
GEOM2500
GEOM2310
GEOM2520
GEOM2]30
GEOM2B60
GEOM2BSO
GEOM2360
GEOM2370
GEOM2380
GEOM2390
GEOM2_O0
GEOM26[O
GEOM2420
GEOM2430

APPENDIX

96
g7

98
103

I01

100

XIKI=X(K}/(A(
KI-A
(K-l))
GC TO $7
X(K)=XREF(K+t
)
Y(KI=YREF(K+I]
K=K+[
STORE
REFERENCE
PLANFERM
EGGE
OG
g8
l=K,t_l
X(II=XREF(
l)
Y([I=YREF([)
SARI I-I)=RSAR

I66

170
168

INBOARD

FIXED

TRAILING

DG
I01
I=i,N
XXiI,IT|
= X{I}
YYII,IT)
= _lII
MMCDII,IT)=
MCE[I,ITI
TIWO(I,IT)
= CIH{ ),IT)
AS
(l,IT}
= ._(I}
XX(NI,
IT)
= X(N1)
YY(NI,
I'Tl
= Y(NI|
AN(IT)
= AAN(IT|
CENT INUE
LINE

299

{]-1

CN

CCCRGINATES

UP

EREAKPOIhIS

AMEhG

FLANFCRPS

BGISvII]=BCTSV(2)=O.
WRITE
(6,16)
DG
180
IT=I,IPLAN
NIT=AhIIT)+I
DO
17B
ITT=I,IPLAN
IF (ITT.EQ.II)
GG T 178
NITT=ANIITT)+I
DC
176
I=I,NITT
JPSV=O
DG
166
JP=Z,NIT
IF(YYIJP,
III
.EQ.YY(I,IIII)
CGNTINUE
OG
17C
JP=I,NIT
IF (YY{JP,IT).LT.YY[I,III))
CCNTIhUE
GG TO
176
JPSV
= JP
IND
= NIT
-IJPSV
-1)
DG
172
JP=I,lhD
KZ = hiT
-dP
2
KZ = hl]
-JP
+i

XXIK2,I1)
= XX(KItIT]
YYIKZ,IT)
= YY(KI,IT}
MMCD(K2,IT)=
PMCD(KI,II)
AS(K2,1II
= ASIKItII)
172
TTWO(KZ,IT}=IIWD(KI,ITI
Y(JPSV,IT)
= YY(I,IIT)
AS(JPSV,IT)
= AS(JPSV-I,[II
TTWD(JPSV,
IT|=
TTWC(JPS_-I,IT|
XX(JPSV,[T]
= (YYIJPSV,IT)
I
+
XXIJPS%-I,IT]
MMCDIJPSV,ITI
= MMCC(JPS_-I,IT)
ANIIT|
= JNIITI
+ I.
NIT
: NIT
+ 1
176
CONTINUE
178
CENT)hUE

GO

GC

TO

TC

176

168

YYIJPSV-I,ITI)

AS(JPSV-I,IT)

GEOM2440
GEOM2450
GEOM24bO
GEOM2470
GEOM2480
GEUM2490
GEOM2500
GERM2510
GEOM2520
GEOM2530
GEOM2540
GEOM2550
GEOM2560
GEOM2570
GEOM2580
GEUM2590
GEOM2600
GEOM2610
GEOM26Z0
GEOM2630
GEBM264O
GEOM2650
GEOM2660
GEGM2bTO
GEOM2680
GEOM2690
GEO_2TO0
GEOM2710
GEOM2720
GEOM2730
GEQM2740
GEOM2750
GEOM2T60
GEOM2770
GEOM2780
GEOM2790
GEDM2800
GEOM2810
GEOM2820
GEOM2830
GEOM2840
GEOM2850
GEOM2B60
GEOM2870
GEOM2880
GEOM2890
GEOM2900
GEOM2910
GEOM2920
GEOMZg30
GEOM294D
GEDM2gSO
GEOM29bO
GEOM2g70
GEOM2g80
GEOM2ggo
GEDa3000
GEOM3010
GEOM3020
GEOM3030
GEOM3C40

I01

APPENDIX

SECUEkCE

203

205

206

2C9
208
180

WING

COORCINATES

FgCM

DE 208
J=I,NI
hIGH
= I.
DC
205
I=I,NI
IF
|( C(Ii-HIGHI.GE.O.
)
HIGH
= QII}
Ih
= I
CCNTIhUE
IF {J.hE.I)
GG
TO 2C6
BCTSV(II)
= FIGH
KFX(II]
=
[h
Q (IH)
= I.
SFY(J,IT!
= FIGH
IF
(IF.GT.KFX(II)}
CO 1C
IYL{J,
II|
= 1
IYT(J,ITI
= 0
GC
TO 208
IYL(J,IT)
= 0
IYT(J,IT)
= !
CCNTIkUE
CCNTIhbE
MAXIMUM

B/2

AS

TEE

GO

COMPUTE

218
219

ROOT

kOMINAL

WIkG

KBCT

HORSEShCE

205

TC

2C9

KBOT
= 1
IF
(BCTSVII).CE.BOTSV(2I!
BGT
= 8CTSV{KBCTJ

217

TC

N1 = AN(IT)*
l.
DG 203
I=I,NI
Oil!
= YY(I,IT)

SELECT

216

TIP

VCRTEX

SEMISPAN

WIDIH

ALONG

TSPAN
= 0
ISAVE
= KFX(KSGT)
- 1
I
= KFX(KECT)
- 2
IF {I.E{oOI
GC
IF(TTWC(I,KBOII.EC.TTWOIISAVE,KBCTII
GG
CIWD
= COST
AIAN(IIWC(ISAVE,KBGI)
) }
Tl_IH
= (YY(ISAVEI,KBCT|
- YY(I_I,KBETI
TSPAN
= TSPAN
+ TLGTH
IF
(I.EC.O)
GC
ISAVE
= 1
I
= l
-i
GC TC 21O
Vl
= TSPAN
I VIC
VSTOL
= VI
1 2
ELIMINATE
LATERALLY

PLANFORM

BREAKPCIkIS

WHICH

ARE

DG 22C
IT = I,IPLAh
N = ANIIT)
NI=
N + I
DC 220
J=I,N
AA = ABS(SPY(J,ITI
- SPY(J+I,IT!
)
IF ( AA.EQ.G.
.OR.
JA.GI.AES(ISPAN/2GCO))
IF ( AA.GI.YTCL)
WRITEKG,lg)
SPY(J*I,ITI
DC 222
I=I,N1
IF ( YY(I,ITI.NE.SPY(J+I,IT))
GC TO

102

TO
TO
)
TO

WING

217
218
/

CTWC

21_

WITHIN

,
222

SLRFACE

(B/2)/2_00

GC TO 22C
SPY(J,IT)

UNITS

GEOM3050
GEOM3060
GEOM3070
GEOM3080
GEOM3090
GEOM3100
GEOM3110
GEOM3120
GEOM3130
GEOM3140
GEOM3150
GEOM3160
GEOM3170
GEOM3180
GEOM31gO
GEOM3200
GEOM3210
GEOM3220
GEOM3230
GEOM32_O
GEOM3250
GEOM3260
GEOM3270
GEOM3280
GEOM3290
GEOM3300
GEOM3310
GEOM3320
GEOM3330
GEOM3340
GEOM3350
GEOM3360
GEOM3370
GEOM3380
GEOM3390
GEOM3400
GEOM3_IO
GEOM3420
GEOM3430
GEOM3440
GEOM3450
GEOM3460
GEOM3470
GEOM3480
GEOM34go
GEOM3500
GEOM3510
GEOM3520
GEOM3530
GEOM35&O
GEOM3550
GEOM3560
GEOM3570
GEOM3580
GEOM3590
GEOM3600
GEOM3610
GEOM3620
GEOM3630
GEOM3640
GEOM3650

APPENDIX

222

YY(I,IT}
CCNTIhUE

220

SFY(J_I,IT}
CGNTINUE
CGMPUTE

230
232

234

236

SPY(J,IT)
=

SPY[J,IT)

COORDINATES

DG 236
IT=I,IPLAN
J_
=
NI
= AN(IT}
DG
230
JZ=I,NI
ZZ(JZ,
II) = RICDHT(ITI
JZ
= I
JZ
= JZ + i
IF
IJZ.GT.KFX(IT))

I.

EC

ZZ(JZ,IT)
= ZZ(JZ-I,IT)
GG TO 232
JM
= JM-I
IF
( JM.E_.KFX(IT)
l
ZZ(JM,
ITl
= ZZiJM+I,ITI
GO TO 23_
CCNTINUE
WRITE

PLANFDRM

TC

700

WRITE
(6,9}
CONTINUE
PART

ONE

SIRUE

PRINTS

C
C

=
=

DETERPINE
IXL
=
I
=
IFiYIN.GE.

ACTUALLY

USED

IN

GEOM3890
GEOM3gO0
GEOM3910
GEOM3g20
GEOM3g30
GEOM39_O
GEOM3950
GEOM3960
GEOM3g70
GEOM3980
GEOM3ggo
GEOM4O00
GEOM4CIO
GEOM4020
GEOM4030
GEOM4040
GEDM4050
GEOM4060
GEOM4070
GEOM40R0
GEOM4CgO
GEOM4100
GEOM4110
GECM4120
GEOM4130
GEOM4140
GEGM4150

RAD
AObT=gO.

YY(KK,IT},

ZZ(KK,

IT),

ACUI,

NI,XXIhI,ITI,YV(NI,IT),ZZ(NI,IT}

SECTION

THREE

BOTSViIT)
liE
=

LAY

CLI

YAWED

HORSESHOE

VORTICES

WITI_IN
VORTEX
bSE
IHE
NEXT
= YIN

ARE

NSV(I}

MSV(2)

KFX(IT}

SPANWISE
eORDERS
IXI
= O
I
+ 1
ISPY(J,IT)+VSTCL)

CF

ACJACENI

bCRSESFCE

GO

SPACING
BREAKPOINT

USE
NCMINAL
VCRTEX
SPACING
VBORD(1)
= SPY(J,IT)
COMPUTE
SUESCRIPTS
ILE
ANC
BREAKPOINTS

YYIJZ-I,IT)

GEOM3660
GEOM3670
GEOM3680
GEOM36gO
GEOM3700
GEOM3710
GEOM3720
GEOM3730
GEOM3740
GEOM3750
GEOM3760
GEOM3770
GEOM3780
GEOM3790
) =TTWC|JZ-I,IT)GEOM3800
GEOM3810
GEOM3820
GEOM3830
STIWDIJM,[T)
GEOM3B40
GEOM3850
GEOM3B60
GEOM3B70
IFE
CCMPUTATIGNS
GEOM3880

O.

BGRDER
IS
THEREFORE
VBORD(I
J
GC TO
707
703

KK, XX(KK,II|,
IT)

NSSWSV(1)
=
NSSWSV(2
DO 722
IT=I,IFLAN
NI
= AN(IT}
I.
I
=
0
J
= I
YIN
ILE

70I

GG 1C 236
4(Y(JM,IT)-Y(JM+I,IT)}

PERI_ETEF

WRITE
(6,9)
I TOUT
,MMCC(KK,
238
CCNTINUE

23_

_(YY(JZ,IT)

WRITE
(6,8}
D6 240
IT =I,IPLAN
N
= ANiIT)
NI
= h I
IF (IT.EQ.2)
WRITE
(6,1_)
DG 238
KK=I,N
T6UT
= ATAN
( TTWD(KK,
IT}
}_
AGUT
= ATANIAS(KK,ITI
}eRAC
IF (AS(KK,
IT}.EQ.AZY}

240

TO

703

TOLERANCE
INBOARD

DETERMINE

ITE
AND

VORTICES

TO

WFETFER

IVSTOL)
FOR
TPE

THE

INDICATE
TFEY

EF
BREAKPOINT
BCRDER

BRDER
WHICH

ARE

CN

1FE

WING

LEAOING

GEOM4160
GEOM&I70
GEOM4180
GEOM4190
GEOM4200
GEOM4210
GEOM4220
GEOM_2)O
GEOM4240
GEOM4250
GEOM,260

103

APPENDIX

EDGE
CR THE TRAILIkG
ECGE
IF
(J.GE.N1)
G0 T0 ?06
GO TC 706
IF
(SPY(J,ITI.NE.SPY(J+I,IT)I
IXL
= IXk
+ IYL(J,IT)
IXT
= [XT
+ IYTIJ,IT)
J
= J * I
G6 TG 715
YIN
= SPY(J,IT)
[XL
= IXL
*
IYL(,Jt
IT|
IXT
= IXT
*
IYT( J, IT)
J
= J + 1
CPHI
= CCS
( ATAh
(TTWC(ILE,IT)
) l
|PHI
=
ILE lXL
IF
( J.GE.hl
)
IPHI
= 1
YIN
=
YIk
- VI*
CCS
( _TAk
(TTWD(IFbI,IT)
) )
IF
(I.NE.I!
GO TO 70g
ILE
= ILE
- IXL
lIE
= ITE
+ IXT
GO TO 701
CLMPLTE
COCREINATES
FCR
C_CBDWISE
RCW
CF HORSESFEE
VERTICES
YG
= ( VBORD(I-I)
VBORD([)
) / 2.
HW
= ( VBORC(IJ
- _BCRC(I-I))/
2.
IKI
= I - I NSSW_(1)
Zh(IMI)
= ZZ(ILE,IT)
+ ( V_ - YYIILE,IT)
) * TTWE(ILE,IT|
Phl(IMl)
= TTWg(ILE,
IT)
SSWWA(IMIi
= AS(ILE,IT)
XLE
= XXIILE,IT)
ASIILE,ITI
* (YQ - YV(ILE,IT)
}
XIE
= XX(ITE.IT}
ASiIIE,IT)
* (YQ
- YY(IIE,IT)
)
XLOCAL
= ( XLE
XTE
) / TBLSCW(I_I|

715

706

707

?08

709

CGMPbTE

WING

STRUE

NSCW
DG 72C
AJCW
XLEL
NTS
PN(NIS)
P_{NTS)
PSIINTS)
1

720

S(NTS)
O(NTS)
CENT|hUE
MSV(IT)
TEST
iF

722

DOT
AR
ARTRUE
CAVE

_REA
STRUE

PROJECIED
+

XLOCAL

TO
*

THE

X -

TBLSCWIIMI)

= TBLSCW(IM])
JCW=I.NSCW
= Jew
- I
= XLE
- AJCW
* XLCCAL
= JEW
* MSVll!
+ _SV|2)
= XLEL
- .25
e XLCCAL
:
XLEL
- ,75
_ XLCCAL
=
((XLE
- FN(kTS))*AS(ITE,IT)
IT|
) I IXLE
- XIE}
* CPHI
= HW / CPF[
= Y_
=

MSV{IT|

TO DETERMINE
VBORC(1)

NSSWSVIIT)
CENT INUE
M
COMPUTE

104

I -

ROZI

|Y=C)
GO TO

RATlC

PLANE
*

(HW

PSV(2)
AkE

- BOT
4. *eOT
* ECT
4. * BE1
_' BCT
S_rRUE
I ( 2. *

AVERAGE

/ SREF
I STRUE
ECT
|

C_ORD

2.)

2.

GEOM4660
GEOM4670
+

(PkINTS)

NSCW

WEEk
WING
-C.}

MSV(1)

ASFECI
=
=
=
=

.LT.

GEOM4270
GEOM42BO
GEOM4290
GEOM4300
GEOM4310
GEOM4320
GEOM4330
GEOM4340
GEOM4350
GEOM4360
GEOM4370
GEOM4380
GEOM43gO
GEOM4400
GEOM4410
GEOM4420
GEOM4430
GEOM4440
GEOM4450
GEOM4460
GEOM4470
GEOM4480
GECM4490
GEOM4500
GEOM4510
GEOM4520
GEOM4530
GEOM4540
GEOM4550
GEOM4560
GEOM4570
GEOM4580
GEGM4590
GEOM4600
GEOM4610
GEOM4620
GEOM4630
GEOM4640
GEOM.650

IS REACFE
108

xTEI*AS(ILE,GEOM4680
GEOM4690
GEOM4?O0
GEOM4710
GEOM4720
GEOM4730
GEOM4740
GEOM.750
GEOM4760
GEOM4770
GEOM4780
GEOM4790
GEOM4800
GEOM4810
GEOM4820
GEOMSB30
GEOM4B40
GEOM,850
GEOM4860
GEOM4870

APPENDIX

BETA
= ! I- MACF$
PACF)
_
.5
NVTWO
= 0
DG 354
IT=I,IPLAN
NVONE
= i + (IT-I)*MS_(1)
NVTWG
= N_TWO
+ MSVIIT!
IF
ITWISTIIT#
.LE.
O. )
GO IC 350
READ
(5,])
(ALPINV|,ALP|kV+I|,ALP(NV2|IALP|N_3},ALP(NV+_|_ALP(NVGEOM4940
[
350
351
354

5I,ALP(NV+EI,ALP(NV+7},NV=NVONE,_VTkC,8)
G6 TO 354
0C 351NV
ALP(NV)
CGNTI_UE
WRITE
WRITE
[F !
IF I
APPLY

360
1006

100T

1008

=
=

NgCNE
O.

, NVTWC

(6,24)
N
(6,25)
(IT,MSV(IT|,N_SWSV(IT),
SCW.NE.O.
J WRIIE
(_,20)
SCW. EQ.O.
) WRITE
(6,22#
PRANOTL-GLAUERT

D6 360
NV =
PSI(NYl
=
PN INV|
=
PV (NV|
=
RETURN
ICODECF
=
WRITEI6,XI|
RETURN
ICODEGF
=
WRITEI6,12I
RETURN
ICODEEF
=
WRITE
(6,15|
RETURN
END

CERRECTICN

I,M
ATANIPS[INY)/BEIA)
PN(NVI
I BEIJ
PV(NV)
I BE/_
I
CONFIG
2
K,IT
3
PTEST,QTEST

IT=I,IPLANI
SCW
|TBLSCW(I},I=I,NSTa!

GEOM4880
GEOM4890
GEOM4900
GEOM4910
GEOM4g20
GEOM4930
GEOM4950
GEOM4960
GEOM4970
GEOM4980
GEOM4ggo
GEOMSO00
GEOMSOIO
GEOM5020
GEOMS030
GEOM5040
GEOM5050
GEOMS060
GEDMSO70
GEOM5080
GEOM5OgO
GEOMSIO0
GEOMSII0
GEOMSI20
GEOM5130
GEOM5140
GEOMSI50
GEOMSI60
GEOM5170
GEOM5180
GEOM51gO
GEOM5200
GEOM5210

105

APPENDIX D

OVERLAY(WINGTL,2tO)
PROGRAM
MATXSOL
DIMENSION

YY(2),FU(2ItFV(2),FW(2I,FVN(I20,12OI,IPIVOT(]20),
INDEX(120,2)

1
COMMON/ALL/
1

BOTtM,BETAtPTESTtGTESToTBLSCW(SO)IOiI20)tPN(|20),
PV(I2OI,ALP(120),S(120),PSI(12OI_PHI(120),ZH(50)
COMMON/TOTHRE/
CIR(120,2),SECTRST(50)
COMNON/INSUB23/APSItAPHI
,XX
tYYY,ZZ
tSNN,TOLC

PART

FpI

COMPUTE

CIRCULATION

TERMS

12.5663704

THE
TOLERANCE
SET
AT
CHANGED
FOR COMPUTERS

THIS
POINT
IN
THE
PROGRAM
OTHER
THAN
THE
CDC
6000

NAY NEED
SERIES

TO

BE

NATX

IQ

MATX
MATX
MA!X
MATX
MATX

29
39
49
50
6_

MATX

70

NATX

e_

MATX
MATX

90
100

MATX
NATX
MATX
MATX

110
120
130
140

NATX
MATX
MArX
MATX

!SP
!69
170
I80

MATX |?0
MATX
MATX

200
210

MATX a26

6667

308

26]

TOLC=(BOT*IS.E-05)*'2
DO 6667
NUU=I,120
DO 6667
NUT=I,I20
FVN(NUUtNUT)=O.
CONTINUE
DO 308
NV=I,N

MATX
MATX

MATX as6

CIR(NV,I)=
12.5663704
CIR(NV,2)=
12.5663704
IF
(PTEST,NE.O.)
IF
(OTEST.NE.O.
)
CONTINUE
IZZ=|
NNVzTBLSCW(IZZ)
DO 314
NV=ItN
IZ=I
NNNzTBLSCW(IZ)
DO
316 NN=ItM
ApHI
= ATAN(PMI(IZ))
APSI
= PSI(NN)
XX=PV(NV)-P_(NN)
ZZ=ZH(IZZ)-ZH(IZ)
SNN
=
DO 26]
I=I,2
YYY
=
CALL
INFSUB
ApHI=-APHI
CONTINUE

MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX

ALP(NV)

316

=
=

-1.0964155
-1.0964155

SYY(I)=O(NV)-Q(NN)

O(NV)
PV(NV)

BOT
mBETA

SYY(2)=Q(,hV)+Q(KN)

S(NN)
YY(I)
(ROTtFU(I),FV(I)tFW(I))
SAPSI=-APSI

NV.EQ.M

GO

TO

MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX

310
320
330
340
350

MATW
MATX
MATX
MATX

369
370
380
390

MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX

400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490

MATX Soo

FVN(NV,NN)=FW(I)-FV(I)ePHI(IZ)-FW(2),FV(2)PHI(IZ)
IF
(NN.LT.NNN
.OR.
NN.FO.M
) GO TO 316
II:IZ+l
NNN=NNN*TBLSCW(IZ)
CONTINUE
Ir
(NV.LT.NNV
.OR.
IIZ:IZZ*I
NNV=NNV*TBLSCW(IZZ)

260
27Q
280
290

MATX 300
CIR(NV,2)
CIR(NV,2)

IF(PTEST.NE.O.)
GO TO 34?
FVN(NV,NN)=FW(1)-FV(1)*RHI(IZ)*FW(2)-FV(2)*PHI(IZ)
GO TO 312
342
312

230
240

314

106

i]

MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX
MATX

510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580

MATX
MATX

590
600

APPENDIX

314

CONTINUE

MATX

610

320

CALL
NATINV(FVNtN,CIPt2,DETERM,IPIVOTtINDEXtlgOtISCALE)
IZZA
=
IZZ
DO 320
NZ=ItIZZA
SECTRST(NZ)
:
O.
IZZ=I
NNV'TSLSCWIIZZ)
DO 616
'NV*I,N

NATX
MATX
NATX
NATX
NATX
NATX
MATX

62Q
630
640
6S0
660
670
680

IZI
NNN'TBLSCW(IZ)
VELIN
*
O*

NATX 69o

DO 616
NN:ItN
APHI
:
ATAK(PHI(IZ))
APSI
: PSI(NN)
XX:PN(NV)-PN(NN)
YyI])
:
O(NV)
- O(NN)
YY(2}
= O(NV)
* O(NN)
ZZ=ZH(IZZI-ZH(IZ)
SNN
m S(NN)
00
66I
I:1,2
yyy
t YY(I)
CALL
INFSUB
(BOItFU(1),FV(I)tFW(I))
ApHI:-APHI
APSI=-APSI
66]
CONTINUE
V_LIN
z
((FW(1)'FW(2))
- (FV(II*FV(2))
I
/FPI
* VELIN
IF (NN.LT.NNN
.OR.
NNoEQ.N
) GO TO 616
II=IZ*l
NNN=NNN*TBLSCWIIZ)
616
CONTINUE
CTCP
= o (VELIN
l,
) *2,
* CIR(NVt2)
SECTRST(IZZ)
= SECTRSTIITZ)
* CTCP
IF
(NV,LT,NNV
.OR
NV.EQ.M
} GO TO 614
IZZ:IZZ*l
NNV:NNV*TBLSCW(IZZ)
614
CONTINUE
RETURN
END

MATX
MATX

700
710

NA_x 7aQ

TAk(APMI)

)*CIR('NN.2)

MATX
MATX
NATX
NATX
MATX

730
740
750
760
7TO

NATX
MATX
MATX

780
790
800

MATX
NATX
NATX
MATX
MATX

810
820
830
840
856

MATX

860

NATX B7
NATX
MATX
NATX
MATX
MATX

_80
890
900
qlO
g20

NATX
NATX
NATX

930
940
q50

MATX
MATX

q60
970

NATX
NATX

g80
990

10'7

APPENDIX

OVFRLAY(WINGTt
,3,0)
PPqGRAU
AEPODYN
DIUENSION
CPM(?},YCP(P),YY(P).vo_
_] :_.?).[_nu(l)o,P).Fri(2),Fv(2),
]XTLEG(_O)'C_LFT(I?O'P),CLCC(1)O._._TIFO(_O).SIDT(SO),CLA(2),SUM(?AEWO
2)'AC(2)'CH(2'_O)'CCAV(P'5Q)'CLCL(_,<0),
CP(]20),Fw(2)
3,DIFCIPs(?_),YEEGSV(?5),ZlEGSv(2<).CL_I(I?O,2).CLPR(120,2)
COMMON/AlL/
ROT,M,RETA,PTEST,QTEqT,IRLSCW(_O}.Q(I20),PN(I20),
]
PV(120),ALP(I?O},S(I_n),D_I(I20),PHI(I?O),ZH(50)
COMMON/TOTH_F/
CIR(I_O,2),S_CTUST(50)

AERq
AEWO
AERQ
AER0
AERO
AERO
AERO
AERq

COMMON/ONETHPE/TWIST(?),CREF,SREF,CAVE,CLDES,STRUE,AR,ARTRUE,
AERO
RTCOHT(2),CONFIG,NSSWSV(_),YSV(2),KBOT,PLAN.IPLAN,MACH
AERo
,SSWWAiSO)
AERO
COMMON/THRECDI/SLOAD(3,50)
AERO
COMMON/INSUB?3/APSI,APHI
,XX
,YYY,ZZ
,SNN,TOLCSO
AERO
I FORMAT
(/ 12X,
*SECOND
PLANFORM
HORSESHOE
VORTEX
DESCRIPTIONS*
/
AERO
3 FORMAT(6F12.5)
AERN
4 FORMAT
(IHI///SBX,16HAERODYNAMIC
DATA///S4X,
*CONFIGURATION
AFRO
INO.*FT.0
//
)
AERO
5 FORMAT(IHI,IRX*COMPLETE
CONFIGURATION*3IX*WING-BODY
CHARACTERISTI_AERO
IS*
/ 6_X
*LIFT*
9X *INDUCED
DRAG
(FAR
FIELD
SOLUTION)*//
AERO
2 IGX
A8
* CL
COMPUTED
ALPHA*Igx
*CL(WB)*
7X *CDI
AT CL(WH)*AERO
3 4X
,15HCDI/(CL(WB)**2)
/ 88X
I2H(I/(PI*AR)
= F8.5
* )*
)
AERN
6 FORMAT
(IlX,2F]5.5,ISX,3FI5.5)
AERO
7 FORMAT(////4X,IIH
REF.
CHORD,GX,?SHC
AVERAGE
TRUE
AREA
,?X
AERO
l'REFERENCE
AREA*gX*B/2*
8X,THRFF.
AR,BXTHTRUE
AR,4X,IIHMACH
NUM_AERO
2ER/)
AERO
8 FORMAT(BFIS.5)
AERO
l|
FORMAT
(///
47X
*COMPLETE
CONFIGURATION
CHARACTERISTICS*
//
AERh
] 36X
*CL
ALPHA*
8X *CL(TWIST)
ALPHA
AT CL=O
Y CP
CM/CL
AERO
2
CMO*
/ _Tx
*PER
RADIAN
PER
DEGREE*
/ 24X,7FI2.5
)
AERO
12 FORMAT(//25X,*ADDITIONAL
LOADING*/24X*WITH
CL BASED
ON
S(TRUE)*
AERn
]
/67X34HLOAD
DUE
ADD.
LOAD
AT
BASIC
LOAD3x,27HSPAN
tnAO
aAERO
2T
SL COEF
FROM/OH
STATIONGXSH
2Y/BgX9H
SL COEF
,_X8HCL
RATIN,4XTAERO
3HC
RATIO,TX,]4HTO
TWIST
CL=,Fg.5,3X,
7HAT
CL=O5X,26HDESIRED
CL
AERN
l
2

4
13
15
16
18
20
2,
22

CHORD
BD VOR/)
FORMAT
(/ 47X,
*CONTRIBUTION
oF THE
SECOND
PLANFORM
TO
IlSTRIBUTION*
/
)
FORMAT(4X,I_,FI2.5,SX,3FI2.S,3X,3FI2.5,3X,2FI2.5)
FORMAT
(|HI)
FORMAT(////SSX,21HTHIS
CASE
IS FINISHED)
FORMAT(///SX*DELTA
CP TERMS
FROM
LE TIP
TO TE TIP
THEN
IENDING
WITH
THE
TE OF POOT
CHORD
*)
FORMAT
(
/S4X*CMO
AND
CtO
ARE
COMPUTED*//)
FORMAT(/3BX*STATIC
LONGITUDINAL
AERODYNAMIC
COEFFICIENTS
ITED*//}

AERO
nAERO
AFRO
AERO
AERO
AERO
INBOAR_
AFRO
AEnn
AER_
aRE
POMP_]AERO
AERQ
SPAN

LnAD

23
2_
25

FORMAT
(
/59X*CLP
IS COMPUTED*//)
AEPO
FORMAT(8FIS.5)
AERO
FOPMAT
(/20X
*X*
fIX
*X*
fiX
*Y*
11X
*Z*
I2X
*S*
5X *CZ4
SWEEP*
4xAERO
I
*DIHEDRAL*
2X *LOCAL
ALPHA*
2X *DELTA
CP AT DESIRED*
/
AER_
2 IgX
*C/4"
gX "3C/4"
_2X
*ANGLEiTX,*ANGLE*
4X,*IN
RADIANS*
4X
AFRO
3
*CL
=*
FIO,S
/
)
AFRO
303
FORMAT(I2X,gF12.S)
AERO
IOl3
FORMAT(/_TX*CONTRIBUTION
OF THE
SECOND
PLANFORM
TO THE
CHORD
nR
D=AERO
IAG
FORCE*/)
AERO
1070
FORMAT
(I/I/
30X,
*INDUCED
DRAG,
LEADING
EDGE
THRUST
AND
SUCTIO
AFRO
l COEFFICIENT
CHARACTERISTICS*/
AEPO
2 _X
*COMPUTED
AT ONE
RADIAN
ANGLE
OF ATTACK
FROM
A NEAR
FIELO
SOIAERO
_UTION*
//
AER_
4 58X
*SECTION
COEFFICIENTS*
12X
*CONTRIBUTIONS
TO TOTAL
COEF.*/
AFRO
5 q?x
*FROM
EACH
SPANWISE
ROW*
/
AERQ
6 38X
*t.
E. SWEEP*
/
AERO

108

,,lr]

I0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
TO0
IlO
120
130
140
150
160
)70
IBO
Ign
200
210
R20
P30
740
950
260
PTO
780
990
RO0
I]O
320
_30
_40
350
_60
_70
_BO
_go
&O0
_]0
420
_30
440
ISO
_60
_70
_80
490
SO0
510
$20
_30
_40
$50
$60
qTo
_BO
_90
_00
_I0

APPENDIX

]071
1072
1074
4_45
4446

5x ec<
Cl_*
Rx*CDIT
_ g *CT * Inx
coS*
)
FORMAT
(]QX
,TlO,
_X,
eF12.%)
FOPMAT
(III
S7X,*TOTAL
CnEEFICIFNTS*
II
I 36X
I_HCDIIICI**2
=
FlO.5
,SX
*CT=*
FlO.5,
S *CS=*
FORMAT(////IOx*INVALID
LEADING
EDGE
SWEEP
BEING
USED,
l* 614.%
* FOP
THE*
15 * SPANWISE
ROW.
CS
IS WRONG.*)
FORMAT(//////////56X,4HCLP=,Fg.5////)
FORMAT(//////////42X,4HCMO=,Fq.S,lOX,4HCLO=,FQ.S////)

PART

COMPUTE

C
C
C
C
C
C
C

ZLEGzZH(1)-S(1)*SIN(APHI}
IF(NSSWI.EQ.O)
ZLEGSV(

AEOOI?O0
AEROI_IO

GEOMETRY

796

798

SET
AT
COMPUTERS

TOLC:
.OlO0*ROT
TOLCSO
: TOLC*TOLC
OINF:I.
NSSW:NSSWSV(I)_NSSWSV(2)
IF(RTCDHT(1).NE.RTCDHT(2))
SU_PHI=O
DO 80]
J=I_NSSW
SUMPHI=SUMPHI*ABS(PHI(J))
IF(SUMPHI.EQ.O.)
GO

COMPUTE

794

TERMS

,3n
A4O
_n
_6n
<61
_62
_7h
_0
_90
700
7]0
720
730
740

CPM(1)=CPM(?)=YCP(1):YCP(2)=I_=CLT=CLNT=NSSWI=O
NSSW2
:
NSSW3
=
NSSWSV(I)
SL:I
NSCW
=
MSV(])
I NSSWSV(1)
GO
TO 798
NSSWI
=
NSSWSV(1)
NSSW2
m
NSSW
SNSSW3:NSSWSV(2)$L:NSSWSV(1)*I
NSCW
:
MSV(_)
I NSSWSV(_)
I
=
IM l
J
=
IM 2
IUU:2
DIFFCRI=O.
APHI=ATAN(PHI(1))
TLXI=PN(I)-S(1)*TAN{PSI(I))
TLXS=PN(J)-S(J)*TAN(PSI(J))
CLFTLG=TLXI-TLX2
XTLEG(I):TLXI/_,*TLX?/2.
YLEG:Q(I)-S(I)*COS(APHI)
IF(NSSWI,EQ.O)
YLEGSV(
|)=YLEG

_7.2957R
"= TWIST(1)
: l

THE
TOLERANCE
CHANGED
FOR

80|

OUTPUT

FlO.5
)
THF
CnSTKF

argo
_FQ@
aF_.q
Arp_
-AE_O
aEPC
nFpe
aEPO
_ERt
AERo
AERO
AERQ
AERO
AERn

AERO
750
AERn
760
AERO 770
AERO
780
AERO
790
AER_
_00
AERn
_10
AERO
_20
AER_
_30
AERO
q40
AERO
QSO
AERO
S60
AERO
_70
AERO
880
AERO
_90
AERO
_00
AERO
010
AERO
920
AERO
_30
AERO
_40
_ERO
_50
AE_O
q60
AERO
_70
AERO
q80
AERO
Q90
AEROInO0
AEROlOI0
AEROI020
AEPOI030
AEROXn40
AEROI050
AEROIO60
AEROIqTO
AER01080
AEROIO90
AEPO|IO0
AEROIlIO
AEROII20
AE_OI)30
AEROI]40
AEROII50
AEOOll60
AEROI)70
AERnlIBO
AEROIlqO

ROD
=
TWST
ALREF
C
C
C
C
C
C

LIFT

FOR

TiP

AND

TWIST(2)

THIS
POINT
OTHER
THAN

GO

TO

TO

IN THE
PROGRAM
THE
CDC
6000

MAY
NEED
SERIES

TO

794

921

PART
3
PITCHING

TRAILING

SECTION
MOMENT

LEGS

)=ZLEG

I
FOR

WINGS

WITH

DIHEDRAL

BE

109

APPENI)IX

IF(_&_WI.FO.N&SWSV(|I)
GO
TO 850
G{I T_ B5P
XS_
Dn 5N5_
TT=I.L
IFI{AR_(YIFGSVIIT)-YLEG).LT.TNLCI.AND.{ARSf/LEGSVfITI-ZLEG).LT.TELAERCI250
ICI)
OTFFCRI=DIFCIRS(IT)
505N
CNNTINHF
aS2
DO AC2
KV=P,N_CW
NVT=NV-I
RO2
XTI FGINVI=XTi.
FGINVTI-CLFTLG
NCTI =_
NA=[
$NB=NSCW
80%
VNtlINV.
I)=V_LIINV.2I=UCU(NV,[)=JCU(NV.2}=O.
DQ _09
NN=I,M
I/=(NN-I)IN&CW+I
APHI=ATAN(PHI(IIII
4P_T=P_IINN)
XX=XTI
FGINV)-PN
INN)
YYil
I=YI FG-O(NN)
YYI21=YI
FG+QINN)
ll=ll FG -/HI]l)
SNN
=
S(NNI

s22
qflNi

R2_

011 R22
I=1.2
YYY
= YY(I)
C411
INFSLIB
IBNT.FIJ|
I},FV{
APHI=-APHI
SAPSI=-APS[
CIINTTNIIF

_
_N}
TXX=L,2
II[)lliNV. IXxl=uNUiNV,IXXI+I(FU{ZltFU{?)I*CIR(NN,
VNIIINV.
IXXI=VNU(NV.IXXI{(FVIII+FVI2))tCIR(NN.
CnNTI_IJF
NCTI=NCTI
!
IF
INCTI-21
A!0,811,812
GFQMFTRY

fllfl

[},F_(1)

FqR

SPANWIBE

BOUND

V']PlICES

NA=NRCWI
NR=2_NC,
CW
,IA= T MW,N _;CW |
Y! FG=(3 | .IA )
71 FG=IHIIN|
|

,IK= T P_N _W,I

NV=.IN_CW
H1fl XTI FC,(NV)=PN(,IK)
C,F) TO
AC_
C.FN_FTRY
Ril

AI IrlNC.RTC,,HT

TRAILING

LEGS

NA-.=2_'N_C W+ I
F)TFFCP.?=O
.IK= I tA*_,ISEW 1
APHI=ATAN(PHI
( IM+I ) )
YI FC,=,3( JK )_( JK )_C.OS I APH [ )
I F I',IS_,_1 .FO.N)
YLF C,Sv ( |UU )--YLE'_,
7l F,q= / H l IM] ),% (JK) *BIN{
APHI )
IF (N_'_,_I .FC.OI
/t FGSV(IbUI
=ZLEG
TI XI =PN(,IK|S(.IKI*TAN(PSI(JK)
}
.IK=,IKI

ii0

IXX))II2.566371
IXXII/12.566371

AERN[220
AEROI230
AEROI240
AERC1260
AEROI270
AEROI280
AERCIIZ90
AEROI300
AEROI310
AEROI320
AEROI330
AEROI3_O
AER01350
AERG[363
AERO1380
AERGI390
AEROIAO0
AE_OI410
AERGI420
AE_O[4_O
AERO[_40
AEROL450
AERO1460
AERO[470
AEROIA-@O
AERC1490
AERO[500
AEROIBIO
AERO].520
AF.ROI530
AEROI540
AEROI550
AERO1560
AFRC[570
AEROI580
A FROIB'_O
AEROl600
AER]I610
AERC[620
_ E-,tO1630
AEROI6_O
_ERO1650
AEROI660
AEROI670
AERO[680
AERO[690
_EROI700
AER_IT[O
AERO1720
_ERC]1730
AEROI740
AERCII50
AEROI7&O
AEROI770
AER_780
AEROI790
AERGISO0
AFROI810
AEROI820

APPENDIX

TLX2=PN(JKI+S|JKI*TAN(PSIIJK|)
CRTTLG=TLX|-TLX2
XTLFG(NAI=TLX[/2.+TLX2/2.
NAA=NAI
[F|NSSWI.FO.NSSWSV([||
GO TO 85]
GN In
R53
R51
ON 5o51
IT=I,I
[FIIARSIYLEGSVIIT|-YLEG)LT.TOLCI.ANO.(AR_(TLEGSVIIT|-/LEG}.LT.TELAERO[900
ICI)
DIFFCR2=DIFCIR$(IT|
50_!
CONTINtJF
RS_ ng
Rig
NV=NAA,NB
NVI=NV-]
KflFGINVI=XTLEG(NVTI-CRTTLG
GO 0
R03
CQMPUTF
817

835
R34

R_6

LIFT

AND

YYII)=YY{TI=O
IF ( IN.NE.NSSW]
Bn 8]5
lXX=l,2
D[FCIR=DIFFCRI
DO
R35
NBOS=I,NSCW

PITCHING

I GO

TO

MOMENT

FNR

EACH

ELEMENTAL

AERCL83C
AEROL840
AERO1850
AERG_860
AERO[S70
AEROI880
AERO[8gO
AEROIgIO
AEROIg20
AEROIg30
AERGI940
AERCIg50
AEROIg60
PANEL

834

AERGIg70
AEROIg80
AERO[ggo
AER02000
AER020IO
AER02020
_ERG2030
AFRO2040

DIFCIR=DIFCIRCIR(NPOStIXX)
CON=].
IF
INPOS.EO.NSCWI
CON=.75
CHLFIINPnS,
IXX|=CLFTLG*CCN=DIFCIR*VOtIINPOS,
IXXI*(2.1SREF)
CLPTINPOS,
IXXI=CHLFT(NPOS,
IXXI_(Q(NPOSI-S|NP_S))_2.
CONINUF
IF|N_WI.FO.O)
DIFCIRS(
[ )=DIFCIR

AERG2050
ACRe2060
AFRO2070
AEROZ080
AERO2D90
AERO2LO0
AER02|[O

DN R15
lXX=[,7
OIFCIR=DI_FCR?
On RI5
NPOS=I,NSCW
JK=IM=NSCW+NPOS
,It=|IN+I)_NSCW_NPOS
J N=NSCWNPOS
JN=2eNSCW+NPOS
IF
IIMFQ.
IN$SW2-Ii)
GO TO
DIFCIR=DIFCIR+CIR(JL,IXX)-CIR{JK,IXX)
C_N=[.
IF INPNS.EO.N_EW!
CON=.75
EHIFTIJL.IXXI=CRTILGtCONtDIFCIRtVnUIJN,

AERO2120
AERG2130
AERC2140
_ER02150
AER02[60
AERG2[70
AER02180
AERG2IO0
AER02200
AER02210
AFRO2220
AFRO2230

836

IXXI*I2./SRFF)

CI_CCI,IK,IXXI=(2.1SRFF)_CIR(JK,
IXX)_2.t_IJK)_CO_IAPH])_
IIXXI*V_UIJM,IXXI#TANIPSI(JK))|
CLPRIJK,IXXI=CLCC(JK,IXXI_Q[JK)_2.
CLPI(JL,IXX|=CHLFT(JL,IXX)_(QiJKI+SIJK))_2.
YYIlXXI=YYIIXXI_ICLCCIJK,
IXX)CHLFTIJK,IXXII=2.
CPNlIXXI=CPNIIXXliCLCC[JK,IXXI_XTLEG[JN)=BPTA+CHLFT(,IK,[XX)_XTLEGAERG2290
IINPNSI_RETA|e?./CREF
YCPIIXXI=YCPI[XX)_ICLCCIJK,IXXI_OIJKI+CHLFTIJK,IXXIeIO(JKI-SIJKI$
ICO_IAPHI|IIIBNT
RI5
CONTINUE
IFiNS_WI.FO.OI
DIFCIRSI[UUI=DIFCIR
CLT=CtTYY(II
CLNI=CINI_YY|2)
IM=IM+I
IFIN_WI.EO.OI
[UU=IM2
IF(IN.FQ.NSSW_VI[))
CLWNGT=CLT
IF(IN.FO.NSSW_VIIll
CLWING=CLNT
IF
IIN.
GF.NSSW2)
GO TO 8[6
NCTI=i
Dn 817
IXX=I,?

(I.-UCU(JM,AER02240
AFRO2250
AFRO2260
AER02270
AER02280
AER02300
AER02310
AER02_20
AER02330
AER02340
AER_2350
AER02360
AERO2370
AERC2380
AER_2390
AER02_O0
AERO2_IO
AER02420
AERO2430

111

APPENI)IX

DFI RI7
&V =I,N%CW
NY=NV+TtN%CW
XTI FGINVI=XTI
FGiNY)
fl|7 VNIIiNV,
IXXI=VtlU(NY,
G_I TFI _IN
%tim
_1_

R2()

A'_R

all

RAO

PITCHING

MZMENT

FOR

ENTIRF

WING

YTI FGINIIPI=Do
XTI FC,(NtlP)=O
IND=I
IF ITW%T
.FO.O.I
INO=2
ON
R3I
IXX=IND,2
I")11R2O
J._%W=L,NS%W2
%1 RADIIXX,JS%W|=O
%1 DTI
,1%%W1=0
APHI=ATAN(PHIIJ%%WI)
Jl =(,I_%W-I
ltN%CW]
K=,l_%W-I
+1
YTIFG(
K
I=QiJt)-%|JL)tCCS(APH[J
1111 R_7
INC=I.,NSCW
DN R3R
JN%=L,N_._W2
,IK=!,IN%--I )$NSCWINC
K=,IN%-I_
4+1
XTIFG!
K |=CHLFT(JK,IXX)
Dr1 8"_7
INS=L,N%SW2
.IK= I I N_,- I }@N&CW+
INC
ApHI=AThNIPHI|
INSI )
EAI I
Fl"ltJP
(OIJK),CHTLF,+I,NUP,YTLF.(;,XTI+FG|
T= %RPFI(2.$%IJK|$CRS(APHI
)wwCAVEI
%1 FIT( IN%)=%LDTI
IN% )*CHTLF=T
CICC(,IK,IXX)
= ICLCC(JK,IXX)
+ CHTIF
I
%I,RAD!TXX,IN%)=RLNAD(
[XX,INS}
CLC.CIJK,
IF (IM.I_F.NF,%W)
GO TO 796
El A()I=CI
NT /AI REF
CMCI =CPM(2IICLNT
CMN=CPMIi)-CMCL_wCI
T
YCP( 2 I=YCP(2)
1( CLNT/2.
)

T
IXXI

T=I,N%._W
1:%1 DTI IIIYYI2|

IF (TW&T
.FO.(3.}
%LOADII,I}=O.
IF ITW%T
.NF.N.)
%tOAD(].,II=SLOAD(I,I)IYY(II
%IFIArJI?,l)
= %I_DAD(2,1I/YY(2)
CRI =0.
i')(I R&f)
IAM=I,M
CRI =CRI +CLPR(IAM,2I+CLPT(IAM,2)
CI P=CRI
lI.Of1725ww2.w_BOT)
G(1 T_ qt3!,

C_]MPIITF
921

AND

IXX)

YY(|
)=CITt_RFF/STRUF
YY(2)--CI
NTI%RFF/STRIJE
NIJP=N_%W3
1

DO R4O
%1 DIll

840

I TFT

lIFT

AND

PART
3
PITCHINC,

DR qRI
NV=I.2
RIJNINVI=O
DR qOI
I=I,M
%IIMINVI=_LJMINVICIR(I,NVItS{I)
IF INV. FO. Io6ND.
I,EQ.MSV([)

IF

INV.

FO.P.AND.

I.EO,MSV(I|

SFCTIf]N
2
MCMENT
FOR

CLWNGT
CLWING

=
=

WINGS

WITHRUT

SUMIIISR.
SUM(2)=8.

I
I

DIHEDRAL

SREF
SREF

112

+i

AERO2440
AERO2450
AERO2460
AER02470
AER02480
AERG2490
AER02500
AERO25[O
AERO2520
hER02530
AER02540
AER02550
ER02560
AERO2570
AER02580
AER02590
AER02600
AERO2610
AER02620
AERO2630
AER026_O
AERC2650
AER02660
AER02670
A ERG2680
AER02690
AER02700
AER027[O
AER02720
AER02730
AER02740
AER02750
AER02760
AER02770
AER02780
AERO2790
AER02800
AER028[O
AER02820
AERO2830
bERG2840
AER02850
AERO2860
AERG2870
AER02880
AER02890
AERO2gO0
AER02910
AERO2g20
AER02930
AER02940
AEROZ950
AERO2960
AER02970
AER02980
AER02990
AER03000
AER03OlO
AERO]020
AER03030
AERO]040

APPENDIX

q01

RO0

9N5

CONT I NIIF
CIT
= R.w_ SlJNII)/SRFF
CLNT
= A.*
SUNI21/SREF
IF {KfiCIT.FO.]I
CLWNGT
= CLT
CL_NC, T
CIWING
= CLNTCLWING
CRI
= 0,
Of] g05
T=I,M
CRI=CRI
+(C)I I'I*C|R(I,2|*2.*S(
CI CC.( I.I|=CIRI!,[I_2.1CAVE
CI CC| I,2)=CIRII
o2I_2./CAVE
CllNPUTF

C,0

[I

TO

AERC3O50
_ERC3060
AERd3070
AERU]O80
AERO3OgO
AFRO3100
AERO3tlO
AIR03120
AER031_O
AERC3140
AER0315]
AFRO3160
A6R_3170
AERO3IBO
AERC3190
AER03200
AERO]210

800

1"2.

CLP

CI P=
CRI I| SRFF_WRfTWW0.08725)
Ci AI[ 2 I=CLNT
01"1 922
lXX.=I,2

q30
g20

g_2
922

C
C
C
C

[
= 0
130 920
JSSW=I,NSSW
SIDT(JSSW)=O
_i |'lAD(I XX,JS&WI
=0
N._CW
= TRLSCW(JS_W)
DO g_O
.ISCW=I,N.&CW
IFITW&T
.FO.O..AND,IXX.EQ.I)
GO TO q30
I
= I 1
KA=KAC
IR | I, lXX I'I'S(I I
SB=_B+CIR!I,IXX)*O(1)*$(
I|
SC=SCCIR!
I,IXX)WWPN(
I)#SII)#L_FTA
SI flAI)!IXX,J._SW}
= SI_OAD| IXX,JSSW)+IBF)T_'CIR(I,
GO TN g2(}
._LOADII,JSSWI=O.
CNNT INUF
IFITWST
.FO.O..AND.TXX.EQ.X)
GO TO q32
YCPl I XX )= SEll ! SA_ROT |
Af.( IXXI=SCIISA*CRFF)
GO TO q22
YCP|II=ACII|=O.
CI']NT I NIJF
CMCI.=AC
| 2)
CM('I= I AC ( I I-AC( 2 I )wwCL T

COMPUTE
g0t

go4

g02

AND

PART
PRINT

3 FINAL

SECrICN
OUTPUT

11(1 go2
|XX=l,2
.IN
= 0
Of] 902
JS.%W=ItN._._W
CH
( IXX,JS&WI=O
NSCW
= TBIL SCW| JSSW |
DO g04
.ISCW=I,NSCW
JN
= JN + I
CH
! IXX.JSSW)=I-P.O)WWIPV|JN)-PNIJN)|W_BFTA+CH
CONT INtIF
CCAV(
TXX,J.&SWI=CHI
I XX, JSSW ) ICAVE
CtCI IIXX,JSSWI=SLOArI(IXX,JSSWIICCAVIIXX,JSSW)
C.CINT INIIF
CLD=CLOFS
IFICt
I")FS.FO.ii)
CI D=X.
I")I'I
1020
l=l,M
CPI I I
= ICICCII,I)*CLCC(I,2)*[CLD

3
DATA

IXX}

FAR

ALL

II|2._SUM|

WING_

IIXX,JSSW)

-CLT)ICLqTI*CEVFII2._{PN(I|-

IXX))

_ERGZZ20
AIR03230
AERC3240
AIR03250
A_RC_260
AERn)270
AE_U3280
AER03290
AIR03300
AERC/_3IO
AERC3320
AER03330
_ER03340
AIR03350
AERG3360
AER03370
AERO33RO
AIR03390
AERC3400
_E_3610
AERC3420
AERC3430
AIR03440
AERC3450
AIR03460
6ERC3470
AERO3480
A 6R C ]4 _0
AER03500
AERC3510
_FR03520
_FRC3530
AERq3540
AIR03550
AFRO3560
AER_3570
AER03580
AERG35gO
AERO3600
AERO_6LO
_ER03620
AERC330
AIR03640
AIR03650

113

APPENDIX

1
]020

PV(II
CONTINUE
WRITE
(6,4)

RETA

CONFIG

!_
( PTEST.NE.O.
)
IF
( OTEST.NE.O.
)
I#
( PTEST.EO,0.
,AND
0TESTeEQ.0.
WRITE(6,_5)
CLD
HEAD
= 8HDESIRED
I F (CLDES.EO.11.)
HEAD = 8H
IEND
:
II
IFICLDES,NEII.)
IEND=I
00 5000
IUTK=I,IEND
IF(IEND.[O,ll}
CLDES=(rLoAT(IUTK)-I.)/IO,
I_(CLDES,EQO,)
CLDES=-,I
NR
- 0
DO 3006
NV:|,NSSW
N_CW
: TBLSCW(NV)
Np
: NR * 1

3006

3007

WRITE
WRITE
WRITE

N?
: NR + NSCW
PHIPR
ATAN(PHI(NV))
RAD
SLOAD(3,NV):O,
IV (NV.EO,
(NSSWSV(1)
+ 1) )
WRITE
(6,11
D_ 3006
I=NP,NR
I_
( IUT_.GT.I
)
GO TO 3006
PNPR
: PN(I)
_ BETA
PVPR
= PV(I)
_ RETA
P_IPR
= PSI(1)
WAD
WRITE
(6,303)
PNPRtPVPR,O(I),ZH(Nv),S(1),PSIPR*PHIPR,ALP(1),CP(1)
SLOAD(3,NV)=_LOAD(3,NV)+cLCC(I,2)'CLDES/CLNT*CLCC(I,])-CLCC(I,P)*CAERC3_40
ILT/CLNT
I_(IUTK,GT,I)
GO TO 3007
W_ITE
(6.T)
W_ITE
(6,R)
C_EFeCAVEeSTRUE,SREF,
8CT,AReARTR_EtMACN
CONTINUE

C
C
Ir(PTE_T.NE.O.)WRITE(6,4445)
IF(PTEST.NE,o,)
GO
CnNPUTE

CLP
TO 44.4

CMO,CLO

CMOsS,OgCNCLOCLNT/(O,OR72_oCPEF)
CLO=E.O*CLNT/fO.OB72_aCRFF)
IF(OTE_T,NE,O)
WRITE(6t_446)
I#(OTEST,NE.O.)
GO TO 44.4
COMPUTE

IO01

INDUCED

NsV-NSSWSV(1)*I
MTOTfMSV(I)_I
IF(KBOT.EO,|)
N_VsNSVNSSWSV(2)
MTOT=MTOT+MSV(2)
CALL
CDICLS

CMO,CLO

DRaG

GO

COIWB
: COT
IF (IUTK,EQ,

TO

1001

(AR,ARTRUE,NSSWSV(wBOT),MTOT,NSV,CDI,CDIT)

C[APD:CLA(?)/_?._qST8
ALPOffi-(CLT/CLAl_))e57.?9_78
ALPD=CLDFS/CLaPD*ALPO
ALPW=I/CLAPD
CLWB:CLWINGeALPD/ST,PgSTR*CLWNGT

114

(6,23)
(6,211
(6,22)

/(CLWB*CLWB)
I)
WRITE

(6,_)

HEAD,COIT

AER03660
AER03670
AER03680
AER03690
AER03700
AER03710
AER03720
AER03730
AER03740
AER03750
AER03760
_ER_3T70
AER03780
_ERC3T_fi
AERC3800
AER03810
AERO3P20
AERC3_30
AER03B40
AE_03_50
AE_O3R60
AER03_70
AER_3_RO
AERO3ngO
AfPC3qO0
AERC3910
AER03920
AERo3q30
AER03950
AER_3_60
AFRO3970
AERC3q80
AERC3990
AERO6OOh
AERO_OIO
AERC4020
AERC_030
A_RC4040
AERC4n50
AERC4n60
AFRO4h70
AER_4080
AFR04090
AEP_4IO0
AFR04llO
A_R04120
AERC4130
AFgC41_O
AERC4150
AERC4160
AFRC4170
AERC4180
AER04190
AERe4?O0
AFR04?IO
_E_C4220
AER_4?3Q
AER04240
AERie?SO
AERC4_60

APPENDIX

5000

1002

1004

1060

1050

4444

WRITE

(6,6)

AERq4PTO

CLOES,ALPD,CLWR,COI,COIW8

WRITE(6,1I)
CLA(2),CLAPD,CLT,ALPO,YCP(2),CNCL,CNO
WRITE(6,12)
CLT
NR
J = 0
DO 1004
NV=ltNSSW
BCLCCmBADLAE=BASLO=O,
NSCW
= TBLSCW(NV)
NP
= NR |
NR
= NR
* NSCW
00
1002
I=NP,NR
ADLAE=CLCCIIv_)eCLT/CLNT
BSLD=CLCC(I,1)-ADLAE
BCLCC=BCLCCCLCC(I,])
BAOLAE=BADLAEADLAE
BASLOmBASLD_BSLO
CONTINUE
J
= J NSCW
YO
= O(J)
/
SOT
IF
(NV.EO.(NSSWSV(I).I))
WRITE(6,13)
WRITE(6,
15)
NV,YQ,$LOAD(_,NV),CLCL(2,NVI,CCAV(2,NV),BCLCCtBADLAE,AER04_60
1
BASLD,SLOAO(3,NV)_SLDT(NV)
WRITE
(6,1070)
CTHRUST
= CSUCT
= CORAG =0.
NN=I
DO 1050
NV=I,NSSW
SSCTRST
= SECTRST(NV)
/
(4.*BOT)
SSCDRAG
= SLOAD
(2,NV)
u CAVE
* SREF
_ CLA(2)
/
(STRUE
*
1
SSCTRST
CSSWWA
= COS
( ATAN
(SSWWA(NV)))
SSCSUCT
= SSCTRST
/ CSSWWA
IF
(NV.EO.]I
GO TO _060

AERO4R80
AERO4PqO
AER04300
AER04_IO
AER04_20
AFRO4330
AER04340
AERO4350
AERO4_60
AER04370
AER04_80
AERn4390
AER04400
AER04_IO
AER04_20
AER04430
AER04440
AER04_50

_.

AER_4_70
AER04480
AERQ449n
AER04500
AER04_]O
AER_4520
BOTiAERe4_30
AER04_40
AER04550
AER04560
AERO45TO

NN
= NN TBLSCW(NV-])
PHIPR

ATAN
(PHI(NV))
CORAGS
= SSCORAGe4,eBOTe2.eS(NN)eCOS(PHIPR)/SREF
CDRAG
= CDRAG
2.0
* CORAGS
CTHRUSS
= SECTRST(NV)W2.eS(NN)eCOS(PHIPR)
1 SRFF
CTHRUST
= CTHRUST
2,0
e CTHRUSS
CSUCTS
= CTHRUSS
/ CSSWWA
IF
THE
ABSOLUTE
VALUE
OF THE
LEADING
EDGE
SWEEP
ANGLE
IS
GREATER
THAN
BO DEGREES
NO SUCTION
CONTRIBUTION
IS
COMPUTED
IF
( CSSWWA
,LT.
0.17365
)
CSUCTS
= O.
IF
( CSSWWA
.LT.
O.
)
WRITE
(6,1074)
CSSWWA,NV
CSUCT
= CSUCT
2.0
e CSUCTS
SWALE
= ATAN(SSWWA(NV))
* PAD
YO
= Q(NN)/
BOT
IF(NV.EO.(NSSWSV(I)*]))
WRITE(6,]OI3)
WRITE
(6,]071)
NV,YO,SWALE,SSCDRAG,SSCTRST,SSCSUCT,CDRAGS,CTHRUSS,AER04690
]
CSUCTS
CDRAGP
=
CORAG
t
(CLA(2)*CLA(2))
WRITE
(6,1072)
CDRAGP,CTHRUST,CSUCT
WRITE(6t1B)
WRITE(6,16)
RETURN
END

AER04580
AER04590
AER04600
AER04610
AER04620
AER04630
AER04640
AER04641
AER04_42
AER04_43
AER_&644
AER04650
AER04660
AERO4&70
AERO46RO
AER04700
AERO4TIO
AERO4720
AERQ4730
AER04740
AER04750
AER04760

115

APPENDIX

5UBROUTI_tE
DIMENSION
IFVN(41,4])

CnTCLS
(AP,APTWUE,*&EMSP,MTOT,NqV,CDI,C_IT)
ETAN(SI),G_MDR(SI,]),FTA(4I),GA_MA(4I),V[(4I),P(4|),

COMMON/ALL/

BnT,M,BETA,PTFST,OTFST,TRLSCW(50),O(120),PN(120),
Pv(I20),ALP(I_O),S(I?O),P_I{120),PHI(IPO),ZH(50)
COMMON/THPECDI/SLOAD(I,50}
D0
15 I:l,4l
DO
15 .;:1,41
FVN{I,3}=O

IS

SPAN=2.*ROT
CAVB=SPAN/AWToUE
PI=.3141_q?65_*01
NST=ISEMSPI
NN=MTOT
DO
lO|
N=I,ISFMSP
NM=NSV
- N
NSCW=TRLSCW(N_)
NN=NN-NSCW

lOl

I02

600

12
]4

ETAN(N)=ASIN(-O(NN)*?/SPAN)
GAMPR(N,I)=SLOAD(3,NM)*CAVB/(Po*_PAN)
CONTINtlE
ETAN(NRT}=
Pl/_.
GAMPR(NST,I)=o
O0
7 NP=
1,41
ANP=NP
ETA(NP)=
(ANP-?I.)*Pi/a2.
DO 102
JK=21,al
CALL
FTLIIP(ETA(JK),GAMMA(JK),I,N_T,ETAN,GAMPR)
CONTINUE
DO 600
Ny=_P.4]
ETA(NY)=SIN(ETA(NY))
NR=42-NY
ETA(NR)=-ETA(NY}
GAMMA(NP)=GAMM_(NY)
DO 589
NU=2|*&]
ANU=NU
00
14 _=1,41
AN=N
NNUD=IAB_(N-NU)
VE(N)=COS(((AN-2I.)*PI)/4_.)
IF(NNUn.NE.4)
GO
TO Q
B(N)=(42.)/(4.0*COS(((ANU-21)*PT)/42.))
GO TO
14
IF(MOD(NNUO,?).EQ.O)
GO TO
12
8(N)=VK(_I)/((42.)*(ETA(N)-ETA(_O)}**?)
GO TO 14
8(N)=O.O
CONTINUE
DO 58g
No=21,41
NUST
=TAAS(NU-_I)
IF(NUST.FQ.O)
GO
IF(MOD(NUST*P).EQ.O)
NPST=IABS{NP-PO)
IF(MOD(NPST,?).EQ.O|
NPNUD=IABS(NP-NU)
IF(NPNUD,EQ.O)
GO
IF(MOD(NPNUD,?).EQ.O)

TO

TO

58g
GO

TO

SSg

GO

Tn

5QQ

5A9
GO

TO

5_9

FVN{NU,NP)=2.0*B(NP)/?I*COS((ANU-2].)*PI/4?.)
IT=A2-NU

116

CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDTC
CDIC

I0
2D
3n
4n
50
60
70
B0
90
100
]lO

CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC

120
130
140
]5O
160
170
_0
IgO
_00
_lO
920
_30
_40

CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
cOIC
COIC
CDIC
COIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
cOIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
COIC

50
_60
)70
_80
_0
_00
_lo
_20
_30
140
_50
_60
_70
_o
_90
aO0
_I0
_20
_3o
440
_50
_60
,-70
480
_gO
_00
_I0
_20
_30
_40
_50
_60
_,70
_80
_90
_00

APPENDIX

ITT=&2-NO
FVN(NU.ITT)=_.O*B(TTT)I_I._COS((_ItJ-_I.)_P[/&2,)
FV_([T,NP)=FVN(NU,[TT)
FVN(IT,ITT)=FVN{NU,_!D)
5R9

lO

Ii

CONTINIIE
CCC=0.n
DO |0 sJ=1,41
CCC:CCC+fG_r4M_IN)*GAM_A(N))
CCO=O._
DO II
_qJD=l.4l
DO 11
_=1,_1
CC_=CCq-_.O_Fvh!(NUP,N)_(GAMMA(qUPI_GA_MA(N))
CONTINUE
C_I:PI*AP/a.*(CCC+CCn)
CDIT=I./(PI*Ao)
RffTURN
END

CDIC
CDIC
cote
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDIC
CDTC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC
CDIC
COIC
CDIC

_,20
'_3n
_Sn
660
_70

tOO
710
720
730
740
75(/
76n
770
7SO

11"/

APPENDIX

SUBROUTINE
MATINV(A,N,B,M,DETERM_IPIVOT,INDEX,NMAX,ISCALE)
C*_**_=*
DOCUMENT
DATE 0B-01-68
SUBROUTINE
REVISED
08-01-68

C
C
C
5
6
7
i0
15
20
3_
C
C
C
40
45
5O
60
70
8_
85
93
95
I05
106

110
C
C
C
13o
140
15,0
16o
173
200
205
210
220
230
253
26C)
270
313
C
C
C
100o
1005
I01_

118

MINV
*******_*MINV
MINV
MATRIX
INVERSION
WITH ACCOMPANYING
SOLUTION
OF LINEAR
EOUATIONS
MINV
MINV
OIMENSION
IaIVOT(N},A(NMAX,N),B(NMAX,MD,INDEX(NMAX,2)
MINV
EOUIVALENCE
[IREW,JROWI,
(ICOLUM,JCOLUMIt
(AMAX,
T, SWAP)
MINV
MINV
INITIAL IZAT IP.N
MINV
MINV
ISCALE=O
MINV
RI=10.0..100
MINV
MINV
R2=l.0/R1
OETERM=I.0
MINV
MINV
DO 20 J=I,N
IPIVOT(J|=O
MINV
MINV
00 550 I=I,N
MINV
SEARCH
FOR PIVOT
ELEMENT
MINV
MINV
AWAX=O.O
MINV
MINV
DO _05 J=I,N
IF (IPIVOT(JI-1)
60, i05, 60
MINV
_0 100 K=I,N
MINV
MINV
IF {IPlVOT(KI-I}
80, I00, 740
MINV
IF (ABS(AMAX|-ABS(A(3,K|IJ85,!O0,100
IROW=J
MINV
ICOLUM=K
MINV
AMAX=A{J,KI
MINV
CONTINUE
MINV
CONTINUE
MINV
IF (AMAX|
110,106,110
MINV
DETERM=O.O
MINV
ISCALE=O
MINV
GO TO 740
MINV
IPIVOT(ICOLUM)=IPIVOT(ICOLUM)+I
MINV
MINV
MINV
INTERCHANGE
ROWS TO PUT PIVOT ELEMENT
ON DIAGONAL
MINV
140
MINV
IF (IROW-ICOLUM!
140, 260,
DETERM=-OETERM
MINV
00 200 L=I,N
MINV
SWAP=A(IROW,L)
MINV
MINV
A(IROW_LI=A(ICCLUM,L|
MINV
A(ICOLUM,L)=SWAP
MINV
IFIM)
260, 260, 210
DO 250 L=I, M
MINV
_WAP*B(IROW,L)
MINV
8(IROW,LI=B{ICCLUM,L)
MINV
8(ICOLUMtL)=SWAP
MINV
INDEX(I,I)=IROW
MINV
MINV
INDEX(I,2)=ICOLUM
MINV
PlVOT=A(ICOLUM,
IKOLUMI
IF (PIVOT)
IOC0,106ti000
MINV
MINV
SCALE
THE DETERMINANT
MINV
MINV
_IVOTI-PIVOI
MINV
MINV
IF(ABS(DETERM)-R1)1030,1010,1010
DETERM=DETERMIR1
MINV

10
2O
3O
4o
5o
60
7O
80
9o
100
110
120
130
14o
15O
160
17o
180
190
2OO
210
220
230
24o
25O
26o
270
28O
290
3oo
310
320
33o
340
35o
360
370
38o
39o
4oo
41o
420
43o
44o
450
460
470
480
490
50o
51o
52o
53o
54O
55O
56O
570
58o
590
6oo

APPENDIX

1020

1030
1040

1050
1060
1070

1080

1093
2003

2010
32Q

ISCALE-ISCALEI
IF(ABS(DETERWI-RI)IO6OtZ020,1020
DETERM=DETERMIRI
ISCALE=ISCALE_I
GO TO
1060
IF(ABS(DETERM)-R2|IO4OtlO4Otl060
DETERM=DETERM_R1
ISCALE=ISCALE-I
IF(ABS(DETEBNI-R2)I050,1050,1060
DETERM=OETERN*R1
ISCALE=ISCALE-1
IF(ABS(PIVOTI)-_I)IO90,L070,1070
PIVOTI=PIVOTI/R!
ISCALE=ISCALE+I
IF(ABS(PIVOTII-RIIZ20,1080,1080
PIVOTI=PIVCTIIR1
ISC4LE=ISCALEI
GO
TO 320
IF(ABS(PIVOTI|-R2)2000,2000,320
PIVOTI=PIVOTI*RI
ISCALE=ISCALE-I
IF(ABS(PIVOTII-R2)2010,2010,320
PIVOTI=PIVOTI*RI
ISCALE=ISCALE-t
DETERM=DETERM*PIVOTI
DIVIDE

333
340
350
355
360
370

C
C
C

NON-PIVCT

BY

PIVOT

ELEMENT

ROWS

DO 550
LI=I,N
IF(LI-ICOLUM)
400,
T=A(LI,ICOLUMI
A(LL,ICOLUMI=O.O
DO _50
L=I,_
A(LL,L)=A(L1,LI_A(ICOLUM,L|_T
IF(M|
550,
550,
460
DO
500
L=I,M
5(LL,L)=B(LI,LI-B(ICCLUM,LI_T
CONTINUE
INTERCHANGE

600
613
620
630
640
650
663
670
703
705
713
T40

ROW

A(ICOLUM,ICCLUNI=I.0
O0
350
t=I,N
A(ICOLUM,LI=A(ICCLU_,LIIPIVOT
IFIMI
380,
380,
360
00
370
L=I,M
B(ICOLUM,LI=e(ICOLUMtLI/P[VOT
REDUCE

380
390
400
420
430
450
455
460
500
550

PIVOT

550,

400

CCLUMNS

00 710
I=I,N
L=N_I-I
IF
(INDEX(L,II-INDEX(L,2|)
JROW=INDEX(L,1)
JCOLUM=INDEX(L,2)
DO 705
K=I,_
SWAP=A(K,JROW)
A(K,JROW)=A(K,JCOLUM)
A(K,JCOLUMI=SWAP
CONTINUE
CONTINUE
RETURN
END

630,

710,

630

MINV
610
MINV
620
MINV
630
MINV
640
MINV
650
MINV
660
MINV
670
MINV
680
MINV
690
MINV
700
MINV
710
MINV
72O
MINV
730
MINV
740
MINV
750
MINV
76O
MINV
770
MINV
780
MINV
790
MINV
800
MINV
810
MINV
820
MINV
830
MINV
840
MINV
850
MINV
860
MINV
870
MINV
880
MINV
890
MINV
900
MINV
910
MINV
92O
MINV
930
MINV
940
MINV
950
MINV
960
MINV
970
MINV
980
MINV
990
MINVIO00
MINVIOIO
MINVI020
MINVI030
MINVI040
MINVI050
MINVIObO
MINVI070
MINVIO80
MINVIO90
MINV1100
MINV1110
MINV1120
MINV1130
MINVt140
MINV1150
MINV1160
MINV1170
MINV1180
MINV1190
MINVL200
MINVL210
MINV1220
MINV1230

119

APPENDIX

SUBROUTINE
FTLUP
(X,Y,M,N,VARI,VARO)
TLUP
C_x=w,_,**_OOCUMENT
DATE
09-12-69
SUBROUTINE
REVISED
07-07-69
,www$$w,$_w$,WTtUP
C'_
MODIFICATION
OF LIBRARY
INTERPOLATION
SUBROUTINE
FTLUP
TLUP
DIMENSION
VARI (I),VARD(
LI,V( 3| ,YY(2I
TLUP
DIMENSION
II(431
TLUP
CW_
TLUP
CWW
INITIALIZE
ALL
INTERVAL
POINTERS
TO -1.0
FOR
MONOTONICITY
CHECKTLUP
DATA
(ll(Jl,J=t,4311435-tl
TLUP
MA=IABS(M)
TLUP
CW_
TLUP
C,V
ASSIGN
INTERVAL
POINTER
FOR GIVEN
VARI
TABLE
TLUP
C$
THE
SAME
PCINTER
WILL
BE USED
ON A GIVEN
VARI
TABLE
EVERY
TIME
TLUP
LI=MGD(LCCf:(VJRI(II),43)L
TLUP
I-II(LI
!
TLUP
IF (I.GE.O)
GO TO
10
TLUP
IF (N.LT.2)
GO TO
IO
TLUP
C*
TLUP
CW_MONOTONICITY
CHECK
TLUP
IF
(VARI(2|-VARI(II)
1,i,3
TLUP
C* ERROR
IN MGNOTONICITY
TLUP
2 K=LOCF
(VARI(1))
TLUP
PRINT
I02,X,K,(VARI(J),J=I,NI,(VARO(J),J=I,NI
TLUP
102
FORMAT
(IH1,W'
TABLE
BELOW
OUT
OF ORDER
FCR
FTLUP
AT POSITION
*
TLUP
1,15,/*
X TABLE
IS STORED
IN LOCATION
$,06,11(8G15.8))
TLUP
STOP
TLUP
C_' MONOTONIC
CECREASI_'G
TLUP
l DO 5 J=Z,N
TLUP
IF (VARI(J)-VARI(J-I))St2,2
TLUP
5 CONTINUE
TLUP
GO TO 10
TLUP
C*
MONOTONIC
INCREASII_G
TLUP
3 DO 6 3=2tN
TLUP
IF
(VARI(JI-VARI(J-1)|2,2,6
TLUP
6 CONTINUE
TLUP
CW_
TLUP

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
BO
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350

CWW
INTERPOLATI
ON
10
IF
(I.LE.OI
IF (I.GE.N)
IF
(N.LE.t)
IF (MA.NE.O)

TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP

360
370
380
390
400

TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
I)TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP

410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600

I=1
!=N-1
GO TO B
GC TO 9g

C=

Z-RO
ORDER
B Y=VARO(ll
GO TO 800
C* LOCATE
I INTERVAL
(X(I).LE.X.LT.X(I+I)I
99 I_
[(VARI(II-XI*iVARI(III-X)I
6].,61,40
C*
I_ GIVES
OIRECTION
FOR
SEARCH
OF
INTERVALS
40 IN=SIGN(I.O,(VARI(III-VARI(II)Ww(X-VARI(I))I
C W_ IF X OUTSIDE
ENOPOINTS,
EXTRAPOLATE
FROM
END
INTERVAL
41
IF
((I+INI.LE.O)
GO TO 61
IF
{(I+INI.C-E.k|
GO
TO 61
|=|+IN
IF
((VARI(II-X)*(VARI(II}-X))
61,6L,41
61
IF
(MA.EQ.2)
GO TO 200
C_
C.FIRST
ORDER
Y=(VARD(
IIw,(VARI(II
)-X)-@ARO(II|'W(VARI(II-XIII(VARI(II)
1
I
GO TO 800
C, _
C,SECOND
ORDER

-VARI(

120

1i
iIi

APPENDIX

200

C_

(N.EQ.2)
GO TO 2
{ I.EQ.(N-I))
GO TO 209
(!.EQ.I!
GC TO 201
PICK
THIRD
PCINT
SK=
VARI(I+II-VARI(I!
IF
((SK*(X-VARI(I-I))I,LT,(SK*(VARI(I+2)-X))I

IF
IF
IF

201L=I
GO
TO 702
209
L=I-I
TO2
V(1)=VARI(L)-X
V(2)=VARIILII-X
V(B)=VARI(L_21-X
YY(II=(VARD(LI*V(2I-VARD(L+I)*V(I)|I(VARI(L+II-VARI(LI)
YY(2}=(V&RD(L+t)*V(3}-VARO(L+Z)*V(Z)I/(VARI(L+2I-VARI(L+I)|
Y=IYY(1)*V(3)-YY(2)*VII})IIVARI{L+2I-VARIILI)
800

II(LII=I,
RETURN
END

GO

TO

209

TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP
TLUP

610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750
760
770
78O

121

REFERENCES

1. Carmichael,

Ralph

Finite

L.; Castellano,

Element

tions.

Methods

Analytic

Charles

for

Methods

R.; and Chen,

Predicting

the

in Aircraft

Chuan

Aerodynamics

Aerodynamics,

F.:

The

Use

of Wing-Body

of

Combina-

NASA

SP-228,

1969,

N. M.;

and Wallace,

pp. 37-51.
2. Rubbert,

P. E.; Saaris,

A General

Method

Configurations.

Rep.

67-61A,
Paul

Vortex

Sven

Loadings
Inst.

Swed.,

5. James,

Thin Wing

On the

P.:

7. Belotserkovskii,

Vol.

Libr.
John:

Aerodynamic

Unusual
12. Blackwell,

Transl.

NASA

Surface

Co.,

Calculation
Flow.

Feb.

Tech.

by a Non-Planar

1964.

of Quasi
FFA

Steady

Rep.

State

105, Aeronaut.

Res.

Discretization

in

for

Douglas,

Wing-Fuselage
Aug.

Flow

Brit.

R.A.E.,

Apr.

Method

for

Calculating

Aircraft

William

Feb.

1969.

Combinations.

1, 1968.

of Subsonic

Matrix

Lattice

Past

Wings

1968.
Load

Distributors

for

Wings

in Subsonic

Eng.

Corp.,

Aug.

P.:

A Doublet-Lattice

Surfaces

in Subsonic

of Complex

and

Flow.

Rep.

for

Calculating

the

1964.
Method

Flows.

AIAA J., vol.

7,

pp. 279-285.
Analysis

Speeds.
S.:

Plan

Forms.

James

A.,

TN D-5335,

McDonnell

Douglas,

Coefficient

Rodden,

A.:

for

Theory

1297,

Grumman

George

Distributions

Wings

of the Vortex

67211,

Features

on Oscillating

1969,

Supersonic

11. Campbell,

122

and

Frank

Surface

A Lifting

Distributions

no. 2, Feb.

and

for

in Subsonic

I, McDonnell

Influence

Edward;

10. Woodward,

Boeing

Accuracy

Special

No. ADR 01-02-64.1,

Lift

Method

No. DAC

Lifting

S. M.:

Plan-Form.

9. Albano,

USAAVLABS

of Arbitrary

No. D6-9244,

Wings

Rep.

DAC-67212,

8. Dulmovits,

of Fan-in-

1967.

Remarkable

Theory.

Joseph

Rep.

Lattice

Elastic

R. E.:

1966.

R. M.:

6. Giesing,

Vortex

Characteristics

and Application.

Characteristics
Doc.

on Thin

Standen,

Aerodynamic

Theory

Dec.

Method.

G.:

M. B.;
the

I -

Theoretical

Lattice

4. Hedman,

Vol.

U.S. Army,
E.:

Scholey,

for Determining

Wing

3. Rubbert,

G. R.;

and Design

J. Aircraft,

A Finite-Step
NACA

Jr.:
Arbitrary
1969.

of Wing-Body

vol.
Method

RM L50L13,

A Finite-Step

5, no. 6, Nov.-Dec.
for the

Calculation

1968,

at Subsonic
pp. 528-534.

of Span

Loadings

of

1951.

Method

Lifting-Surface

Combinations

for Calculation
Arrangements

of Theoretical
at Subsonic

Speeds.

Load

13. Lamar,

John

E.:

and Camber

A Modified
Shape

for

Multhopp

Composite

Approach

for

Planforms

Predicting

in Subsonic

Lifting
Flow.

Pressures

NASA TN D-4427,

1968.
14. Wagner,

Siegfried:

AIAA

Pap.

No. 69-37,

15. Djojodihardjo,

of Nonlinear

No. 69-23,
H."

Univ.
17. Etkin,

Jan.
The

Press,

Bernard:

Inc.,

Method

of Subsonic

Lifting-Surface

Theory.

1969.

and Widnall,
Unsteady

Sheila

Lifting

E.:

Potential

A Numerical
Flow

Method

Problems.

for

AIAA

the Cal-

Pap.

1969.
Elements

of Aerofoil

and Airscrew

Second

Theory.

ed.,

Cambridge

1948.
Dynamics

of Flight

Stability

and

Control.

John

Wiley

& Sons,

c. 1959.

18. Multhopp,

H.:

Methods

Lifting-Surface
19. Lundry,

Singularity

Jan.

R. Harijono;

culation

16. Glauert,

On the

J. L.:

sponding

for

Theory).
A Numerical

Loading,

Calculating

the

Lift

R. & M. No. 2884,

Solution

of Nonplanar

for

Wings.

the

Distribution
Brit.

Minimum

of Wings

A.R.C.,

Jan.

Induced

NASA CR-1218,

(Subsonic

1950.

Drag,

and the

Corre-

1968.

123

Vortex filaments
Wing planform
Elemental panel perimeter

\
\

lmage of typical elemental

panel

\
Typical elemental
(subscript n ) --

panel

on right

half of the wing (sLibscript

N + I - n)

2
Figure

1.-

General

layout
vortices

124

of axis

systems,

for a typical

elemental
wing

planform.

panels,

and horseshoe

Figure

2.-

Variables

"Control
point

used

to describe

the geometry

of an elemental

panel.

125

Pone/

ne/

Pone/3

Figure

3.-

This

velocities
panels

and

sketch

circulations

of a wing

are shown
discussion.)

126

detailed

of a chordwise
used

with dihedral.

with each

horseshoe

row

to compute
Note

that

vortex

are

of horseshoe

lift and pitching

the

velocity

different.

terms
(See

vortices
moment
and
Part

illustrates
on the

circulations
HI, Section

the

elemental
which
1 for

A
r

2s cos(-)

Figure

4.-

Spanwise

bound

vortex

filament

at an arbitrary

orientation

in the flow.

127

Lift

computed

Data

from

Lift

from

.2

output

from

Lift

on trailing

vortex

trailing

.6

filament

listing

sponwise

.4

vortex

filament

vortex

filament

., I

.8

1.0

Y
b/2
Figure

5.-

Span-load-coefficient

polation

of lift

interpolated
final

span

generated

values
load

with

data
along
lift

for

trailing

generated

a wing
vortex
along

with

dihedral

filaments
spanwise

illustrating
and

filament

the

linear

combination
of vorticity

distribution.

128

i1T]

interof these
to obtain

.47

tt
_+_
LL

4E

HI,

i,

v_t_i

ilL:

t ):22
.... t

;:
_ : +_
4+

Yep

.45

4!-_4

.+4-

!M!

_-_-.7

1T;

:+A:

&lilill

A=7
.44

_t

[]

2
4

,,
t,,

Ycp
Lt

"

h =4.5

i-tl i_l Pi i
_-

l l__

li_l'*
Ycp

.,

++1

L4

_I $

f
-t444

I1,1

+-it

iiii]

,,J
ll-I

.4.3 _+0

r_

H _!-!
Li
IO

_tt

_+
74

IIIIA

_ _l_l

ltllt

2O

3O

40

50

Ns

Figure

6.-

Effect

of vortex-lattice

arrangement

on

Ycp

for rectangular

wings

at

Moo = 0.

129

u
u
I!

II

130

N
II

%
"0
0
0

o
0

I
C_

o
0

o
Q

131

IIii

JiJIII_HHIIIIIIIIIII
_Illtl
i!iI_
I!I!
iil!H_lIHllllilllililf iHill
iillbl
l_ilmtI
.......

lillil
llr
[?

!!!!!_
!Ii1!_

IZ

Fttlt!

ilii!!l!
I

iil

_fi

_I__

II

_o

_0

0
0,1

c_
Q

"_
0
0

g_

_|'_
i

11

r_

l_ItLHiiill
,,,,....
!if!l!
0o<>

II!!II

mH!
IIlill

z_

It

tl)

IZ

LL

o_

l[!_li_IHl_,,
'
lllllll

tttHtiittttft_
o
._J

132

i!!

'

"_

Od
i!

11Jo
qlJ
11J

11J
llJ
mLJ
11 I

_._ _ _,
Ill

___

'''

L!!

_'

t_
!!-

iz

r_

]li

!1

"_

it

o
I

tt
It

ti
r..)
tt

,t

&

[:
[I

0
,d-

o.

__o

Q
u

133

_Ittti_ii _if_ ttlIt!I_

fH_IttttttI!ItltttttHttt

Igl

IZ

'

ilI .
Q

,.

.._

_o

0
.

,.

ID

I_.

, _l _

"

i _!ir '_r_ir' ti,:' tI_,ii',"'!ii' tI!ll

Its'

o
1

11

tl_

tl

II

tt

134

II

II

:_
o
o
I

o
.o
e_l

==1

c_

IZ

135

t'x]
II

i!

<l
o

_-+--

714 :

,_tlt,_

ill

,,.

1tt
_b4

_i'

ilt

iH
t:
I14

o.

_._

_!!!:!
'_ !i i

"

i i ii
I

_
_.

8
-

o.

._i
LD

136

ii

ii

N
ii

<_

137

fi

c4

IZ

_iii::ii_.i_ili!i_l
_ _i_!_i_ii!_._,_
_

_iti__._ _ _/i

_
0

II
.......

:i .... : i ................

t:q=

:t_!

....

_IZ
-_ ._.

i;i i_i i:_iit_ill

iil !ii :!i! ii

i! ]:/.iit__ii il

-._

:::..2::_::::_

_I '--

"_:.

r/l

: :

!',:::::.i::::

I
.........

_',_....

i_

...............

i-._:i:i........

:::*'::::i::_

t::::

o_

i_i:ii:.i:._L:
m _

::.!: i_ilL!i!iT_:_{
ii _,!i{:ii:i : !t!i':i i!_:i1!
it

!t;:_iiI:_
i1_ii

g_!i :i_:_t
: i:!i!iill_ii::
_!_!_!!il:!!iliI!iiiifi:{:{
iii gg_:_
{_:i! Iiii i;',it_:iii_ ! 1! i:_.
i !:;!_

::i li',ll_:',',:! H :_ii:!

:i:.

_!

i l;:di!iit::t{:.:f!::i :.!,1:4!:._i:t{_i:.i_:.i

"el

_
o

_u: i:'.; ;_'.i ::ul

_i_Ii_!J

II_E

,"_

::_:q:i N::! :-iil_-_+l:_ lt-:iu::!ti

_.._

H_:

!illi_!HHiiH:

I,,_E_!:!
ri:!_

\:ul_:_*::_ ::'.:_::'4
0

_N
I

_'_

138

Ns

',I_,I

o Fore
II
_
16
13" 16
[]
16
0
21

"Nc
Aft
6
8
8
8
t0

Outboard
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform

--Fore

Inboard
Uniform
47 total
64 lofal
Uniform
Uniform

planform

_ard

:_lanform

aCm
aCL

.12

0
I

Nc
Figure

12.-

Effect

of vortex-lattice

arrangement

on

8Cm/8CI,

for

a wing-body-tail

combination

s_s_-_._,_,,gv,--,

L-q262

at

Moo = 0.
139

m_