Elgie Nio P.

Castillo

FIELDS OF ENGINEERING

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Is the branch of engineering that deals with physical science (e.g., chemistry and
physics), and life sciences (e.g., biology, microbiology and biochemistry) with mathematics
and economics, to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful
or valuable forms.
Functions and Duties of Chemical Engineers
To make designs and invent new processes.
To construct instruments and facilities
To plan and operate chemical facilities.
To make processes more cost effective or more environmentally friendly or more
efficient.

Contributions and Responsibilities of Chemical Engineers

They helped develop atomic science, polymers, paper, dyes, drugs, plastics,
fertilizers, foods, petrochemicals.
They devised ways to make products from raw materials and ways to convert one
material into another useful form.
They contributed much on Car Industries and the environment
They are responsible for Green manufacturing.
They are responsible for our Clean water supply.
By developing innovative methods of treating and disposing of farm waste, chemical
engineers help improve our water supply.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of
electricity, electronics and electromagnetism.

Functions and Duties of Electrical Engineers

Electrical engineers deal with the problems associated with large-scale electrical
systems such as power transmission and motor control.
Electrical engineers are usually concerned with using electricity to transmit energy.

Contributions and Responsibilities of Electrical Engineers

Electrical engineers contributed in the development of Power Poles, Control
Systems, Electronic Components, Microprocessor, Satellite dishes, Flight
instruments, Supercomputers, and many more.
They are responsible in the design of complex power systems, and electric circuits.
They are responsible for the design, development, testing and supervising the
deployment of electrical systems and electronic devices.

CIVIL ENGINEERING
is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and
maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads,
bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.

Functions and Duties of Civil Engineers

To plan, design, construct, maintain, and operate infrastructures.
To protect the public and the health of the environment, as well as to improve
existing infrastructures that have been neglected.
They manage coastal areas.
Ensures the ability of various structures to withstand hazardous earthquake
exposures at the sites of their particular location.
Deals with the treatment of chemical, biological, and/or thermal waste, the
purification of water and air, and the remediation of contaminated sites, due to prior
waste disposal or accidental contamination.
Deals with the collection and management of water.
Concerned with the structural design and structural analysis of buildings, bridges,
towers, flyovers, tunnels, off shore structures like oil and gas fields in the sea, and
other structures.
Concerned with moving people and goods efficiently, safely, and in a manner
conducive to a vibrant community.
Contributions and Responsibilities of Civil Engineers
Civil Engineers have contributed in Constructions, transportation networks, fire
protection and management, waste water treatment, earthquake protection and
management, environmental control, infrastructure management, coastal
management and protection, storage and distribution of drinking and irrigation
water, and geotechnical engineering.

Civil Engineers contributed to the creation of ceramics such as concrete, mix

asphalt concrete, metals, metals such as aluminum and steel, and polymers such as
polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and carbon fibers.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of physics and
materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of
mechanical systems.

Functions and Duties of Mechanical Engineers

To produce and use heat and mechanical power for the design, production,
and operation of machines and tools.
To design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and
machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft,
watercraft, robotics, medical devices and more.
Mechanical engineers design and build engines.
Contributions and Responsibilities of Mechanical Engineers
They contributed in the field such as robotics, transport and logistics,
cryogenics, fuel technology, automotive engineering, biomechanics,
vibration, optics and others.
Responsible for transportation - power generation and transmission - fuel
cells - engines - solar and wind power - manufacturing - biotechnology robotics for process automation and for manufacturing, medical and space
applications - biomedical engineering - noise control systems and materials materials development - mining extraction and marine technology.

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
is a branch of engineering dealing with the optimization of complex processes or
systems.
Functions and Duties of Industrial Engineers
It is concerned with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation
of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment,
energy, materials, analysis and synthesis, as well as the mathematical, physical and
social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering design to
specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems or
processes.
Contributions and Responsibilities of Industrial Engineers
May develop management systems for cost analysis, financial planning, wage and
salary administration, and job evaluation.

Confers with management and engineering staff to implement plans and

recommendations.
Recommends methods for improving worker efficiency and reducing waste of
materials and utilities, such as restructuring job duties, reorganizing work flow,
relocating work stations and equipment, and purchase of equipment.

COMPUTER ENGINEERING
is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and computer
science required to develop computer systems.
Functions and Duties of Computer Engineers
Duties in electronic engineering (or electrical engineering), software design, and
hardware-software integration.
Computer engineers are involved in many hardware and software aspects of
computing, from the design of individual microprocessors, personal computers, and
supercomputers, to circuit design.
They are tasked in writing software and firmware for embedded microcontrollers,
designing VLSI chips, designing analog sensors, designing mixed signal circuit
boards, and designing operating systems.

Contributions and Responsibilities of Computer Engineers

Computer engineers are also major contributors for robotics research, which relies
heavily on using digital systems to control and monitor electrical systems like
motors, communications, and sensors.

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Is the application of science and engineering principles to improve the natural
environment (air, water, and/or land resources), to provide healthy water, air, and land for
human habitation (house or home) and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted
sites.
Functions and Duties of Environmental Engineers
Functions and duties involves waste water management and air pollution control,
recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, environmental
sustainability, and public health issues as well as a knowledge of environmental
engineering law.
To study on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.
Contributions and Responsibilities of Environmental Engineers

Environmental engineers conduct hazardous-waste management studies to

evaluate the significance of such hazards, advise on treatment and containment,
and develop regulations to prevent mishaps.
Environmental engineers also design municipal water supply and industrial
wastewater treatment systems, as well as address local and worldwide
environmental issues such as the effects of acid rain, global warming, ozone
depletion, water pollution and air pollution from automobile exhausts and industrial
sources.

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth
materials.
Functions and Duties of Geotechnical Engineers
Concerned with construction on or in the ground.
To investigate subsurface conditions and materials; determine the relevant
physical/mechanical and chemical properties of these materials; evaluate stability
of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits; assess risks posed by site conditions;
design earthworks and structure foundations; and monitor site conditions,
earthwork and foundation construction.
Contributions and Responsibilities of Geotechnical Engineers
It may include the assessment of the risk to humans, property and the environment
from natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, sinkholes, soil liquefaction,
debris flows and rockfalls.
Geotechnical engineers contributed much in Ground Improvements.
A geotechnical engineer determines and designs the type of foundations,
earthworks, and/or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made
structures to be built.
Contributed on earthworks such as embankments, tunnels, dikes, levees, channels,
reservoirs, deposition of hazardous waste and sanitary landfills.

AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
is the primary branch of engineering concerned with the design, construction, and
science of aircraft and spacecraft.

Functions and Duties of Aerospace Engineers

To deal with crafts that stay within Earth's atmosphere, and crafts that operate
outside it.
Deals with the design, construction, and study of the science behind the forces and
physical properties of aircraft, rockets, flying craft, and spacecraft.
The field also covers their aerodynamic characteristics and behaviors, airfoil, control
surfaces, lift, drag, and other properties.

Contributions and Responsibilities of Aerospace Engineers

Aerospace engineers contributed in the development and manufacturing of a
modern flight vehicle.
Aerospace engineers design, test, and supervise the manufacture of aircraft,
spacecraft, and missiles.
Aerospace engineers develop new technologies for use in aviation, defense
systems, and space.